由美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)肯尼迪航天中心于80年代后期研制的BPC(Biomass Production Chamber,生物量生产舱),是一大型密闭高等植物栽培系统和"人—植物"人工生态系统,用来进行长期载人航天生命保障系统地面模拟研究...由美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)肯尼迪航天中心于80年代后期研制的BPC(Biomass Production Chamber,生物量生产舱),是一大型密闭高等植物栽培系统和"人—植物"人工生态系统,用来进行长期载人航天生命保障系统地面模拟研究。至今已连续运转7年,生产了相当数量的粮食、蔬菜、大气和水等"宇航员"的生存必需品。本文就其发展历史、基本结构、实验内容与结果、发展前景等进行了全面深入的概述与分析。它对我国开展这一新领域的研究相信会有借鉴和推动作用。展开更多
Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.), a fast-growing, ever-green conifer tree with high yield and excellent quality, is the most important tree species of timber plantations in subtropical China. We inv...Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.), a fast-growing, ever-green conifer tree with high yield and excellent quality, is the most important tree species of timber plantations in subtropical China. We investigated the characteristics of biomass, litterfall and nutrient fluxes in the 8, 14 and 24 year-old stands, representing the young, middle-aged and mature stands. The results showed that Chinese fir plantations in central Fujian province had high productivity, and the proportion of stem mass in total biomass was between 50%-70%. Chinese fir was low nutrient-return tree species with litterfall. Nutrient withdrawal from senescing needles was a strong age-dependence for nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in Chinese fir. With a management system of such short-rotation and continuously pure-crop planting, harvesting timber can lead to great nutrient loss, which may be one of the causes for site degradation.展开更多
Field experiments were carried out to study the effects of different nitroge- napplication rates and application times on biological traits and physiological indexes of directly-sown rapeseed （Brassica napus L.） at ...Field experiments were carried out to study the effects of different nitroge- napplication rates and application times on biological traits and physiological indexes of directly-sown rapeseed （Brassica napus L.） at the seedling stage and investigate the relationship between these biological traits or physiological indexes at the seedling stage and yield, so as to provide scientific theoretical support for high yield and efficient fertilization management in production of winter rapeseed. Field trials were conducted in Chengdu plain of Sichuan Province under rice-rapeseed rotation system during the period of 2011-2012. The nitrogen application rate trial consisted of five nitrogen levels （0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 kg/hm2） and the nitrogen application time trial included NTl（single application as base fertilized）, NT2 （bottom application ＋one time of topdressing at seedling stage） and NT3 （bottom application＋two times of topdressing at seedling stage） under the same nitrogen rate （225 kg/hm2）. The results indicated that compared with no nitrogen application （NO） treatment, the in- crease of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to the increase of biological traits including plant height, green leaf number, leaf area index and dry weight of rapeseed at the seedling stage, the improvement of physiological indexes including total nitrogen content, chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of functional leaves, and the reduction of soluble sugar content. Nitrogen rate was linearly correlated with various biological traits at the seedling stage and physiological indexes including total nitro- gen content, chlorophyll content and soluble sugar content in functional leaves over- a/I, but in parabolic correlation with soluble protein content. Under the same nitrogen rate, NT2 treatment exhibited biological traits remarkably or significantly higher than NT1 treatment and NT3 treatment. The nitrogen application times were linearly cor- related with the physiological indexes of functional leaves at the seedling stage. The various biological traits and physiological index of functional leaves at the seedlings stage were in quadratic function parabolic correlation with seed yield, and the corre- lation was significant （P〈0.05）. Therefore, under the rice-rapeseed rotation system in Chengdu plain, the economic rational nitrogen rate is 180-225 kg/hm2, and the mode of bottom application ＋ one time of topdressing （NT2） is suitable.展开更多
W962675 南非旱地小麦生产区的土壤酸度[刊,英]/Bosch,O.J.H.…∥Cereal Research Communi-cations.-1995,23(1/2).-179～181[WBTA,1996,13(1),353]W962676 预测土壤中 N 矿质化的一个简单统计模型[刊,英]/Debosz,K,K.…∥European Jour...W962675 南非旱地小麦生产区的土壤酸度[刊,英]/Bosch,O.J.H.…∥Cereal Research Communi-cations.-1995,23(1/2).-179～181[WBTA,1996,13(1),353]W962676 预测土壤中 N 矿质化的一个简单统计模型[刊,英]/Debosz,K,K.…∥European Journal ofAgronomy.-1994,3(4).-361～365[WBTA,1996,13(1),356]W962677 岩屑 I.在地中海条件下对土壤物理性质及生物量生产的影响[刊,英]/Danalatos,N.G.…∥Soil Use and Management.-1995,11(3).-121～126[WBTA,1996,13(1),355]展开更多
文摘由美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)肯尼迪航天中心于80年代后期研制的BPC(Biomass Production Chamber,生物量生产舱),是一大型密闭高等植物栽培系统和"人—植物"人工生态系统,用来进行长期载人航天生命保障系统地面模拟研究。至今已连续运转7年,生产了相当数量的粮食、蔬菜、大气和水等"宇航员"的生存必需品。本文就其发展历史、基本结构、实验内容与结果、发展前景等进行了全面深入的概述与分析。它对我国开展这一新领域的研究相信会有借鉴和推动作用。
基金This research was sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39630240 and 3000132).
文摘Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.), a fast-growing, ever-green conifer tree with high yield and excellent quality, is the most important tree species of timber plantations in subtropical China. We investigated the characteristics of biomass, litterfall and nutrient fluxes in the 8, 14 and 24 year-old stands, representing the young, middle-aged and mature stands. The results showed that Chinese fir plantations in central Fujian province had high productivity, and the proportion of stem mass in total biomass was between 50%-70%. Chinese fir was low nutrient-return tree species with litterfall. Nutrient withdrawal from senescing needles was a strong age-dependence for nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in Chinese fir. With a management system of such short-rotation and continuously pure-crop planting, harvesting timber can lead to great nutrient loss, which may be one of the causes for site degradation.
文摘Field experiments were carried out to study the effects of different nitroge- napplication rates and application times on biological traits and physiological indexes of directly-sown rapeseed （Brassica napus L.） at the seedling stage and investigate the relationship between these biological traits or physiological indexes at the seedling stage and yield, so as to provide scientific theoretical support for high yield and efficient fertilization management in production of winter rapeseed. Field trials were conducted in Chengdu plain of Sichuan Province under rice-rapeseed rotation system during the period of 2011-2012. The nitrogen application rate trial consisted of five nitrogen levels （0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 kg/hm2） and the nitrogen application time trial included NTl（single application as base fertilized）, NT2 （bottom application ＋one time of topdressing at seedling stage） and NT3 （bottom application＋two times of topdressing at seedling stage） under the same nitrogen rate （225 kg/hm2）. The results indicated that compared with no nitrogen application （NO） treatment, the in- crease of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to the increase of biological traits including plant height, green leaf number, leaf area index and dry weight of rapeseed at the seedling stage, the improvement of physiological indexes including total nitrogen content, chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of functional leaves, and the reduction of soluble sugar content. Nitrogen rate was linearly correlated with various biological traits at the seedling stage and physiological indexes including total nitro- gen content, chlorophyll content and soluble sugar content in functional leaves over- a/I, but in parabolic correlation with soluble protein content. Under the same nitrogen rate, NT2 treatment exhibited biological traits remarkably or significantly higher than NT1 treatment and NT3 treatment. The nitrogen application times were linearly cor- related with the physiological indexes of functional leaves at the seedling stage. The various biological traits and physiological index of functional leaves at the seedlings stage were in quadratic function parabolic correlation with seed yield, and the corre- lation was significant （P〈0.05）. Therefore, under the rice-rapeseed rotation system in Chengdu plain, the economic rational nitrogen rate is 180-225 kg/hm2, and the mode of bottom application ＋ one time of topdressing （NT2） is suitable.
文摘W962675 南非旱地小麦生产区的土壤酸度[刊,英]/Bosch,O.J.H.…∥Cereal Research Communi-cations.-1995,23(1/2).-179～181[WBTA,1996,13(1),353]W962676 预测土壤中 N 矿质化的一个简单统计模型[刊,英]/Debosz,K,K.…∥European Journal ofAgronomy.-1994,3(4).-361～365[WBTA,1996,13(1),356]W962677 岩屑 I.在地中海条件下对土壤物理性质及生物量生产的影响[刊,英]/Danalatos,N.G.…∥Soil Use and Management.-1995,11(3).-121～126[WBTA,1996,13(1),355]
