In Bangladesh, more than a dozen of private TV channels are operating and about 10 new channels are waiting with green signal for transmission. Bangladesh Television （BTV）, the only government owned and administered...In Bangladesh, more than a dozen of private TV channels are operating and about 10 new channels are waiting with green signal for transmission. Bangladesh Television （BTV）, the only government owned and administered, and known as structurally a biased institution serves the audience the public service information most. At the same time it serves purposes of incumbent government. Public information （PI） broadcast means broadcasting towards public welfare which may bring about change in the betterment of life and work of people. Its main focus would be on information, education, and motivation values rather than entertainment. In case of information, dissemination, and documentation, all private TV channels in Bangladesh serve more entertainment and less public service information, whereas, BTV＇s focus is evident on more PI. The owners and operators of private channels think first of their business profit as well as pressure from government and political parties. During formulating planning and strategies or building program content, they become cautious as they fear that the government become angry and shut down the channel.展开更多
In cases where substorm injections can be observed simultaneously by multiple spacecraft,they can help elucidate the potential mechanisms of particle transport and energization,of great importance to understanding and...In cases where substorm injections can be observed simultaneously by multiple spacecraft,they can help elucidate the potential mechanisms of particle transport and energization,of great importance to understanding and modeling the magnetosphere.In this paper,using data returned from the BeiDa-IES（BD-IES） instrument onboard a satellite in an inclined（55°） geosynchronous orbit（IGSO）,in combination with two geo-transfer orbiting（GTO） satellite Van Allen Probes（A and B）,we analyze a substorm injection event that occurred on the 16 th of October 2015.During this substorm injection,the IGSO onboard BD-IES was outbound,while both Van Allen Probe satellites（A and B） were inbound,a configuration of multiple trajectories that provides a unique opportunity to simultaneously investigate both the inward and outward radial propagation of substorm injection.Indicated by AE/AL indices,this substorm was closely related to an IMF/solar wind discontinuity that showed a sharp change in IMF Bz direction to the north.The innermost signature of this substorm injection was detected by Van Allen Probes A and B at L-3.7,while the outermost signature was observed by the onboard BD-IES instrument at L-10.These data indicate that the substorm had a global,rather than just local,effect.Finally,we suggest that electric fields carried by fast-mode compressional waves around the substorm injection are the most likely candidate mechanism for the electron injection signatures observed in the inner- and outermost inner magnetosphere.展开更多
Since single event transient pulse quenching can reduce the SET(single event transient) pulsewidths effectively,the charge collected by passive device should be maximized in order to minimize the propagated SET.From t...Since single event transient pulse quenching can reduce the SET(single event transient) pulsewidths effectively,the charge collected by passive device should be maximized in order to minimize the propagated SET.From the perspective of the layout and circuit design,the SET pulsewidths can be greatly inhibited by minimizing the layout spacing and signal propagation delay,which sheds new light on the radiation-hardened ICs(integrated circuits) design.Studies show that the SET pulsewidths of propagation are not in direct proportion to the LET(linear energy transfer) of incident particles,thus the defining of the LET threshold should be noted when SET/SEU(single event upset) occurs for the radiation-hardened design.The capability of anti-radiation meets the demand when LET is high but some soft errors may occur when LET is low.Therefore,radiation experiments should be focused on evaluating the LET that demonstrates the worst response to the circuit.展开更多
文摘In Bangladesh, more than a dozen of private TV channels are operating and about 10 new channels are waiting with green signal for transmission. Bangladesh Television （BTV）, the only government owned and administered, and known as structurally a biased institution serves the audience the public service information most. At the same time it serves purposes of incumbent government. Public information （PI） broadcast means broadcasting towards public welfare which may bring about change in the betterment of life and work of people. Its main focus would be on information, education, and motivation values rather than entertainment. In case of information, dissemination, and documentation, all private TV channels in Bangladesh serve more entertainment and less public service information, whereas, BTV＇s focus is evident on more PI. The owners and operators of private channels think first of their business profit as well as pressure from government and political parties. During formulating planning and strategies or building program content, they become cautious as they fear that the government become angry and shut down the channel.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41421003)Major Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development(Grant No.2012CB825603)
文摘In cases where substorm injections can be observed simultaneously by multiple spacecraft,they can help elucidate the potential mechanisms of particle transport and energization,of great importance to understanding and modeling the magnetosphere.In this paper,using data returned from the BeiDa-IES（BD-IES） instrument onboard a satellite in an inclined（55°） geosynchronous orbit（IGSO）,in combination with two geo-transfer orbiting（GTO） satellite Van Allen Probes（A and B）,we analyze a substorm injection event that occurred on the 16 th of October 2015.During this substorm injection,the IGSO onboard BD-IES was outbound,while both Van Allen Probe satellites（A and B） were inbound,a configuration of multiple trajectories that provides a unique opportunity to simultaneously investigate both the inward and outward radial propagation of substorm injection.Indicated by AE/AL indices,this substorm was closely related to an IMF/solar wind discontinuity that showed a sharp change in IMF Bz direction to the north.The innermost signature of this substorm injection was detected by Van Allen Probes A and B at L-3.7,while the outermost signature was observed by the onboard BD-IES instrument at L-10.These data indicate that the substorm had a global,rather than just local,effect.Finally,we suggest that electric fields carried by fast-mode compressional waves around the substorm injection are the most likely candidate mechanism for the electron injection signatures observed in the inner- and outermost inner magnetosphere.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60836004 and 61006070)
文摘Since single event transient pulse quenching can reduce the SET(single event transient) pulsewidths effectively,the charge collected by passive device should be maximized in order to minimize the propagated SET.From the perspective of the layout and circuit design,the SET pulsewidths can be greatly inhibited by minimizing the layout spacing and signal propagation delay,which sheds new light on the radiation-hardened ICs(integrated circuits) design.Studies show that the SET pulsewidths of propagation are not in direct proportion to the LET(linear energy transfer) of incident particles,thus the defining of the LET threshold should be noted when SET/SEU(single event upset) occurs for the radiation-hardened design.The capability of anti-radiation meets the demand when LET is high but some soft errors may occur when LET is low.Therefore,radiation experiments should be focused on evaluating the LET that demonstrates the worst response to the circuit.
