据Journal of Radiological Protection，2004年第3卷第3期报道，过去10年里，日本原爆幸存者寿命研究(LSS)队列中出现了一个更为令人惊奇的发现，这就是辐射相关的非癌死亡率的增加，特别是心血管疾病、消化道、呼吸道疾病。另一个平...据Journal of Radiological Protection，2004年第3卷第3期报道，过去10年里，日本原爆幸存者寿命研究(LSS)队列中出现了一个更为令人惊奇的发现，这就是辐射相关的非癌死亡率的增加，特别是心血管疾病、消化道、呼吸道疾病。另一个平行的成人健康研究(AHS)对非癌疾病发生率做了分析，对1958～1998年期间的10339个幸存者进行了非癌疾病发生率的评价，指出继前人所作的分析之后，展开更多
Twelve boys with verified diagnosis of severe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (mean age 9.2± 2.9 years) and 12 control boys were investigated. According to the DSM IV system the patients were positive re...Twelve boys with verified diagnosis of severe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (mean age 9.2± 2.9 years) and 12 control boys were investigated. According to the DSM IV system the patients were positive regarding all aspects. None of the patients received medication at or around the time of the investigation. The boys were asked to tap a button 128 times in a frequency that felt comfortable to them. The investigation was performed with specially designed software. There was no significant difference in the mean or median intervals between tapping, However, range and spread of the tapping intervals were significantly higher in patients with hyperactivity disorder. The results show that these children perform less rhythmically although they were allowed to choose the tapping frequency themselves. There are many possible reasons for these results, ranging from social to genetic. One of the reasons could be due to changes in the genetically codedmolecular clock. In humans there are only three genes identified that code for molecular clocks (CLOCK, PER2, BMAL1). In these genes as well as in other proteins and enzymes involved in the signaling pathway, mutations and polymorphisms have been described that lead to a decreased rhythm in motor timing.展开更多
Aim: To describe clinical characteristics and age- and season- specific incidences of diarrheal episodes, and to evaluate risk factors associated with the occurrence of diarrheal disease. Methods: A total of 252 infan...Aim: To describe clinical characteristics and age- and season- specific incidences of diarrheal episodes, and to evaluate risk factors associated with the occurrence of diarrheal disease. Methods: A total of 252 infants from rural Bangladesh were followed through household surveillance for 2 y from birth during the years 1993- 1996. Demographic and household determinants were linked to the probability of illness using logistic regression models. Results: The overall incidence of diarrhea was 4.25 episodes per child per year. Peak rates of overall, acute, and persistent diarrhea occurred in the 6- 11- mo and 12- 17- mo age groups. Diarrheal rates peaked during the spring and summer. Among host- related characteristics, having a sibling in the household and having had prior diarrhea were significant risk factors for diarrhea. Among environmental characteristics, spring season remained a highly statistically significant risk factor for diarrhea. Conclusion: Diarrheal disease continues to be a substantial burden in young children in rural Bangladesh. Most diarrheal episodes are of short duration, and should primarily be treated with oral rehydration therapy to prevent diarrhea- related mortality. Improved knowledge of oral rehydration therapy, feeding during episodes to prevent further malnutrition, prolonged breastfeeding, and the keeping of livestock in corralled areas of the home areadvocated.展开更多
虽然超重和肥胖的全球发病率逐日上升,但在不同地区、国家和性别中的发病趋势仍存在差异。据世界卫生组织报道,全球多个地区由体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）≥25kg/m2定义的超重/肥胖发生率几乎接近一半人口,有的甚至超过了一半,...虽然超重和肥胖的全球发病率逐日上升,但在不同地区、国家和性别中的发病趋势仍存在差异。据世界卫生组织报道,全球多个地区由体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）≥25kg/m2定义的超重/肥胖发生率几乎接近一半人口,有的甚至超过了一半,如美洲（61.1%）,欧洲（54.8%）和东地中海地区（46.0%）,然而,在非洲（26.9%）,东南亚（13.7%）和西太平洋地区（25．4％），超重／肥胖发生率较低。展开更多
文摘据Journal of Radiological Protection，2004年第3卷第3期报道，过去10年里，日本原爆幸存者寿命研究(LSS)队列中出现了一个更为令人惊奇的发现，这就是辐射相关的非癌死亡率的增加，特别是心血管疾病、消化道、呼吸道疾病。另一个平行的成人健康研究(AHS)对非癌疾病发生率做了分析，对1958～1998年期间的10339个幸存者进行了非癌疾病发生率的评价，指出继前人所作的分析之后，
文摘Twelve boys with verified diagnosis of severe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (mean age 9.2± 2.9 years) and 12 control boys were investigated. According to the DSM IV system the patients were positive regarding all aspects. None of the patients received medication at or around the time of the investigation. The boys were asked to tap a button 128 times in a frequency that felt comfortable to them. The investigation was performed with specially designed software. There was no significant difference in the mean or median intervals between tapping, However, range and spread of the tapping intervals were significantly higher in patients with hyperactivity disorder. The results show that these children perform less rhythmically although they were allowed to choose the tapping frequency themselves. There are many possible reasons for these results, ranging from social to genetic. One of the reasons could be due to changes in the genetically codedmolecular clock. In humans there are only three genes identified that code for molecular clocks (CLOCK, PER2, BMAL1). In these genes as well as in other proteins and enzymes involved in the signaling pathway, mutations and polymorphisms have been described that lead to a decreased rhythm in motor timing.
文摘Aim: To describe clinical characteristics and age- and season- specific incidences of diarrheal episodes, and to evaluate risk factors associated with the occurrence of diarrheal disease. Methods: A total of 252 infants from rural Bangladesh were followed through household surveillance for 2 y from birth during the years 1993- 1996. Demographic and household determinants were linked to the probability of illness using logistic regression models. Results: The overall incidence of diarrhea was 4.25 episodes per child per year. Peak rates of overall, acute, and persistent diarrhea occurred in the 6- 11- mo and 12- 17- mo age groups. Diarrheal rates peaked during the spring and summer. Among host- related characteristics, having a sibling in the household and having had prior diarrhea were significant risk factors for diarrhea. Among environmental characteristics, spring season remained a highly statistically significant risk factor for diarrhea. Conclusion: Diarrheal disease continues to be a substantial burden in young children in rural Bangladesh. Most diarrheal episodes are of short duration, and should primarily be treated with oral rehydration therapy to prevent diarrhea- related mortality. Improved knowledge of oral rehydration therapy, feeding during episodes to prevent further malnutrition, prolonged breastfeeding, and the keeping of livestock in corralled areas of the home areadvocated.
文摘虽然超重和肥胖的全球发病率逐日上升,但在不同地区、国家和性别中的发病趋势仍存在差异。据世界卫生组织报道,全球多个地区由体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）≥25kg/m2定义的超重/肥胖发生率几乎接近一半人口,有的甚至超过了一半,如美洲（61.1%）,欧洲（54.8%）和东地中海地区（46.0%）,然而,在非洲（26.9%）,东南亚（13.7%）和西太平洋地区（25．4％），超重／肥胖发生率较低。
