Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),which is characterised by progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts,is not a rare disease since both prevalence and incidence are increasing during the last years mainly due to ...Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),which is characterised by progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts,is not a rare disease since both prevalence and incidence are increasing during the last years mainly due to the improvement of case finding strategies.The prognosis of the disease has improved due to both the recognition of earlier and indolent cases,and to the wide use of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA).New indicators of prog-nosis are available that will be useful especially for the growing number of patients with less severe disease.Most patients are asymptomatic at presentation.Pruri-tus may represent the most distressing symptom and,when UDCA is ineffective,cholestyramine represents the mainstay of treatment.Complications of long-standing cholestasis may be clinically relevant only in very ad-vanced stages.Available data on the effects of UDCA on clinically relevant end points clearly indicate that the drug is able to slow but not to halt the progression of the disease while,in advanced stages,the only thera-peutic option remains liver transplantation.展开更多
AIM： To examine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of hepatitis B virus （HBV） related liver failure in patients in China. METHODS： This study was conducted with a retro- spective design to examine 1066...AIM： To examine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of hepatitis B virus （HBV） related liver failure in patients in China. METHODS： This study was conducted with a retro- spective design to examine 1066 patients with HBV- related liver failure in the southwest of China. RESULTS： There were more male than female patients. Young and middle-aged people comprised most of the patients. Farmers and laborers comprised the larg- est proportion （63.09%）. Han Chinese accounted for 98.12%, while minority ethnic groups only accounted for 0.88% of patients. A total of 43.47% patients had a family history of HBV-related liver failure and 56.66% patients had a history of drinking alcohol. A total of 42.59% patients with HBV-related liver failure had defi- nite causes. With regard to the clinical manifestation of HBV-related liver failure, the symptoms were： hypodynamia, anorexia and abdominal distension. Total bilirubin （TBIL） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） levels were altered in 46.23% of patients with evident damage of the liver. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients＇ prognoses were correlated with ALT, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, TBIL, prothrombin activity （PTA）, and alpha-fetoprotein levels, and drinking alcohol, ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, infection and 〉i 2 complications. Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that the activity of thrombinogen and the number of complications were related to the prognosis. CONCLUSION： Alcohol influences the patients＇ prognosis and condition. PTA and complications are independent factors that can be used for estimating the prognosis of HBV-related liver failure.展开更多
DNA was extracted from the strain of pathogen of poplar leaf blight using a modified CTAB method. ITS sequence （601bp） was initially amplified from the pathogen by using the universal primers ITSl and ITS4 （registe...DNA was extracted from the strain of pathogen of poplar leaf blight using a modified CTAB method. ITS sequence （601bp） was initially amplified from the pathogen by using the universal primers ITSl and ITS4 （registered No, DQ011257）. Comparing to the nucleotide sequences acquired from GenBank database, the strain is clustered into the homogeneity with Alternaria alternate （AY787684） and Alternaria alternate （AY354228）, with a homology of 98%, thus the strain was checked as Alternaria alternata （Fr.） Keissler. The optimal conditions for conidia germination and mycelium growth of the pathogen were tested, The optimal temperature for conidia germinating and mycelium growth is 25℃, and the optimal pH value is 6. Mycelium grows rather slowly at 10℃ and 30℃ and growth stops at above 35 ℃. Among the six culture mediums tested, PDA ＋ poplar leaf juice medium is most favorable for mycelium growth.展开更多
Objective： The aim of the research was to study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of incidence of colorectal cancer in North China. Methods： Analysis and summary were made for 704 colorectal cancer pa...Objective： The aim of the research was to study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of incidence of colorectal cancer in North China. Methods： Analysis and summary were made for 704 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2008 in North China. Results： （1） Of 704 colorectal cancer patients, the median age was 56 years old, and the mean age was 58.2. There was no statistic difference in age between male and female cases, P 〉 0.05. （2） The male-female ratio was 1.62：1. （3） The proportion of rectal cancer was 62.92%, and incidence of the left colon cancer was higher than that of right colon cancer, P 〈 0.05. （4） Of 712 lesions, 658 cases were adenocarcinoma accounting for 92.4%, 34 were malignant adenoma accounting for 4.8%, and 20 carcinoid accounting for 2.8%. （5） The 48.9% of patients belonged to stages 0 to 11B. Conclusion： The cases of colorectal cancer in North China is mainly rectal cancers, and the incidence of left colon cancer is higher than that of right colon cancer. The histopathological classification is mainly adenocarcinoma, and the ratio of early stage is high.展开更多
To introduce the epidemical, pathological, and clinical characteristics as well as the diagnostic and therapeutical experiences of endomyocardial fibrosis(EMF) in China. [WT5”BX] Data sources.[WT5”BZ]A CMBdisc searc...To introduce the epidemical, pathological, and clinical characteristics as well as the diagnostic and therapeutical experiences of endomyocardial fibrosis(EMF) in China. [WT5”BX] Data sources.[WT5”BZ]A CMBdisc search was done of the Chinese language literature published from January 1983 through June 1997 about EMF and/or restrictive cardiomyopathy. A manual search was then done for other contributions, including abstracts, between January 1965 and June 1997. [WT5”BX] Results. [WT5”BZ]Eighty seven Chinese cases of EMF were collected in this paper. There were 49 men and 38 women, with a mean age of 28±13 years(range, 8 to 68 years). The distribution of the cases is mainly in the south of China. Combined right and left ventricular disease occurs in 48 percent of cases, with pure right ventricular involvement occurring in 42 percent and pure left ventricular involvement in the remaining 10 percent of patients who are examined postmortem. The diagnosis of EMF was confirmed in 21 cases at autopsy, and in 66 cases by echocardiography, angiocardiography, and/or endomyocardial biopsy which showed the characteristic changes. Clinically, right sided disease is the commonest variety. Endocardiectomy and tricuspid(n=7) or mitral(n=1) valves replacement have been performed in 8 patients. There were 2 operative deaths. Six patients had a satisfactory recovery postoperatively and living well in the follow up duration. [WT5”BX] Conclusion.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of chronochemotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. METHODS Sixty NPC patients were randomly designated for induction chrono-chemotherapy plus radiotherapy （C...OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of chronochemotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. METHODS Sixty NPC patients were randomly designated for induction chrono-chemotherapy plus radiotherapy （CC, 30 patients） or for induction routine-chemotherapy plus radiotherapy （RC, 30 patients）. The differences in immediate response, side effects and changes in immunologic parameters between these two groups were analyzed. The chemotherapy regimen of the CC group consisted of cisplatin （DDP） 80 mg/m^2 d1 at 10：00-22：00 h, 5-flurouracil （5-FU） 750 mg/m^2/d1-3 at 22：00-10：00 on the next day and 5-CHO-FH4 （CF） 200 mg/m^2/d1-3 starting at 10：00 h, and repeated every 14 days. The regimen of the RC group was the same as the CC group, with the delivery of cisplatin at a conventional rate and the CF via a continuous 24 h venous injection. The radiotherapy regimen was same in the two groups. RESULTS The complete response rates for the CC and RC groups were 36.7% and 20.0%, respectively（P〈0.05）and the response rates （complete response＋partial response ） were 96.7% and 73.3% respectively. The grade I and II myelosuppression was more serious in the RC group, with rates of 43.3% and 70% in the CC and RC groups （P〈0.05） respectively. The differences in CD3, CD4, CD3/CD8, T＋B＋NK and CD8 cell levels between before and after treatment of the CC group were significant （P〈 0.05）, but differences in the RC group were not significant. CONCLUSION The immediate therapeutic response is better with concurrent chronochemotherapy plus radiotherapy and there are fewer side effect compared to concurrent routine-chemotherapy plus radiotherapy.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of hepatitis E virus （HEV） in the illegal blood donors （IBDs） of central China in the early 1990s.
OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathologic characteristics and theprognosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder(NECB)in order to assist in making a precise diagnosis and to effectivelytreat the disease.METHODS Clinico...OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathologic characteristics and theprognosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder(NECB)in order to assist in making a precise diagnosis and to effectivelytreat the disease.METHODS Clinicopathologic features of the 6 cases with NECBwere analyzed retrospectively.The personal data of the patientsand the pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics ofthe tumor were investigated.The follow-up of these patients wasconducted over a time period ranging from 3 months to 9 years.RESULTS Transurethral resection of the bladder tumorwas performed in all 6 patients.Based on the results of thepathologic examination,4 of the cases were diagnosed as smallcell neuroendocrine carcinoma and the other 2 were diagnosedas atypical carcinoid tumor.On immunohistochemical stainingall tumors expressed neuroendocrine markers includingneuronspecific enolase(CD56),synaptophysin(Syn)andchromogranin(CgA).In patients receiving partial cystectomyfollowed by postoperative chemotherapy,relapse was found in 4of the 6 cases on follow up.CONCLUSION NECB is a rare entity and a tumor with highmalignant potential and characteristic pathologic features.Hematuria is the cardinal symptom of NECB.Metastasis mayoccur at an early stage and the prognosis of the disease is poor.Final diagnosis of NECB depends on histopathologic examinationand immunohistochemical assays.Surgical excision combinedwith radiotherapy and chemotherapy is considered an effectivetreatment.展开更多
Objective:To study the epidemiological features of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma in China during the last 10 years and to analyze the diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Reports on pancreatic cystadenoma a...Objective:To study the epidemiological features of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma in China during the last 10 years and to analyze the diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Reports on pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma published from 2000 to 2009 were retrieved from various databases,such as WANFANG data,VIP web and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).The epidemiological features of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma and its diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.Results:Totally 1 865 patients with pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma were reported in China during the last 10 years.The male to female ratio was approximately 1:2.1.The accurate ages were reported in 1 536 cases,the average age of them was 50.8 years,whose average age from 40 to 60 years old accounted 75.9% of the patients.65.3% of the cases were located in East China and Central China.Abdominal pain was the main clinical manifestation and was found in 54.9% of the patients.Pancreatoduodenectomy and resection of body and tail of the pancreas were the main procedure for the treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma.Conclusion:Pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma were mainly found in older women in East and Central China.Preoperative diagnosis is difficult.Pancreatoduodenectomy and resection of pancreatic body and tail were the main procedure for the treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma.展开更多
Background The epidemiological characteristics of drug-resistant tuberculosis （DR-TB） is fundamental to improving the prevention and control of DR-TB. Mutations in katG315 is thought to be the most predictive molecu...Background The epidemiological characteristics of drug-resistant tuberculosis （DR-TB） is fundamental to improving the prevention and control of DR-TB. Mutations in katG315 is thought to be the most predictive molecule markers for Isoniazid （INH） resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis （MTB）. However, mutations to these genes have not been thoroughly studied in China, and epidemiological evidence of their expression levels are especially lacking in the southwest of China, which has a high TB burden within the population. Methods MTB isolates were obtained from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis at the TB dispensary and Chest hospital in Chongqing city between June 2003 and June 2006. Proportion methods were used to test the sensitivity to INH, RFP, SM and EMB of cultured MTB. A total of 100 MTB isolates were also randomly selected for analysis of the molecular mutation spectrum of katG by DNA sequencing. Results Totally 1 089 MTB isolates that completed positive sputum cultures and evaluated for their sensitivity to the four first-line drugs among 2 777 patients with TB. The prevalence of DR-TB and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis （MDR-TB） were 27.7% （302/1 089） and 7.3% （79/1 089）, respectively. The resistance to anti-TB drugs was found to be highest for SM （16.3%） and INH （14.0%）. There was also a significant increase in the prevalence of resistance to RFP and EMB （P〈0.01）, and an increase in MDR-TB between June 2003 and June 2004 and between July 2005 and June 2006. The total mutation rate of katG315 was 75＂5% （37/49） in INH-resistant MTB, and mutation sites included $315T, $315N and $315I with mutation rates of 81.1% （30/37）, 13.5% （5/37） and 5.4% （2/37）, respectively No katG315 mutants were found in any of the 48 INH-sensitive MTB. Our preliminary diagnostic results suggest that mutations in katG315 may potentially serve as molecular markers that can be used to diagnose the resistance to anti-TB drug of INH. Conclusion In the Chongqing, DR-TB and MDR-TB are increasing, and are becoming key problems for tuberculosis control. The use of katG315 mutations as potential molecule markers for drug resistance to INH may help improve patient treatment and decrease the spread of the disease展开更多
Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of esophageal cancer from 2009 to 2011 in Huai'an area, China. Methods: The data about the incidence and mortality of esophage...Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of esophageal cancer from 2009 to 2011 in Huai'an area, China. Methods: The data about the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer were provid- ed by Huai'an Cancer Registry, and the epidemiological characteristics of the disease were analyzed. Results: Esophageal cancer was not only the first most common cancer, but also the leading cause of cancer death in Huai'an area. The crude and standardized incidence rates were 62.91/10 5 and 49.92/10 5 , and the crude and standardized mortality rates were 46.75/10 5 and 36.87/10 5 , respectively. The sex ratio (male-female) was 1.69:1 in incidence, and the incidence increased in people aged 40 years and over, reaching the peak at the ages of 70-75 years. The mortality rate was at low level under the age of 50 years, but increased after the age of 50 years, reaching the peak at the age of 75-85 years. Incidence and mortality rates varied regionally with the highest rate found in Chuzhou district (90.76/10 5 and 67.17/10 5 ) and lowest rate observed in Qinghe district (32.41/10 5 and 8.75/10 5 ). Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is the major burden of cancer in Huai'an area, and has marked geographic distribution difference. The key period of age for screening and prevention of the disease is 55-85 years old.展开更多
文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),which is characterised by progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts,is not a rare disease since both prevalence and incidence are increasing during the last years mainly due to the improvement of case finding strategies.The prognosis of the disease has improved due to both the recognition of earlier and indolent cases,and to the wide use of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA).New indicators of prog-nosis are available that will be useful especially for the growing number of patients with less severe disease.Most patients are asymptomatic at presentation.Pruri-tus may represent the most distressing symptom and,when UDCA is ineffective,cholestyramine represents the mainstay of treatment.Complications of long-standing cholestasis may be clinically relevant only in very ad-vanced stages.Available data on the effects of UDCA on clinically relevant end points clearly indicate that the drug is able to slow but not to halt the progression of the disease while,in advanced stages,the only thera-peutic option remains liver transplantation.
基金Supported by The National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program 2007CB512903)the State Key Project of China in HBV-related severe hepatitis (2008ZX10002-005)
文摘AIM： To examine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of hepatitis B virus （HBV） related liver failure in patients in China. METHODS： This study was conducted with a retro- spective design to examine 1066 patients with HBV- related liver failure in the southwest of China. RESULTS： There were more male than female patients. Young and middle-aged people comprised most of the patients. Farmers and laborers comprised the larg- est proportion （63.09%）. Han Chinese accounted for 98.12%, while minority ethnic groups only accounted for 0.88% of patients. A total of 43.47% patients had a family history of HBV-related liver failure and 56.66% patients had a history of drinking alcohol. A total of 42.59% patients with HBV-related liver failure had defi- nite causes. With regard to the clinical manifestation of HBV-related liver failure, the symptoms were： hypodynamia, anorexia and abdominal distension. Total bilirubin （TBIL） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） levels were altered in 46.23% of patients with evident damage of the liver. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients＇ prognoses were correlated with ALT, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, TBIL, prothrombin activity （PTA）, and alpha-fetoprotein levels, and drinking alcohol, ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, infection and 〉i 2 complications. Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that the activity of thrombinogen and the number of complications were related to the prognosis. CONCLUSION： Alcohol influences the patients＇ prognosis and condition. PTA and complications are independent factors that can be used for estimating the prognosis of HBV-related liver failure.
基金This paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.30271083）.
文摘DNA was extracted from the strain of pathogen of poplar leaf blight using a modified CTAB method. ITS sequence （601bp） was initially amplified from the pathogen by using the universal primers ITSl and ITS4 （registered No, DQ011257）. Comparing to the nucleotide sequences acquired from GenBank database, the strain is clustered into the homogeneity with Alternaria alternate （AY787684） and Alternaria alternate （AY354228）, with a homology of 98%, thus the strain was checked as Alternaria alternata （Fr.） Keissler. The optimal conditions for conidia germination and mycelium growth of the pathogen were tested, The optimal temperature for conidia germinating and mycelium growth is 25℃, and the optimal pH value is 6. Mycelium grows rather slowly at 10℃ and 30℃ and growth stops at above 35 ℃. Among the six culture mediums tested, PDA ＋ poplar leaf juice medium is most favorable for mycelium growth.
文摘Objective： The aim of the research was to study the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of incidence of colorectal cancer in North China. Methods： Analysis and summary were made for 704 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2008 in North China. Results： （1） Of 704 colorectal cancer patients, the median age was 56 years old, and the mean age was 58.2. There was no statistic difference in age between male and female cases, P 〉 0.05. （2） The male-female ratio was 1.62：1. （3） The proportion of rectal cancer was 62.92%, and incidence of the left colon cancer was higher than that of right colon cancer, P 〈 0.05. （4） Of 712 lesions, 658 cases were adenocarcinoma accounting for 92.4%, 34 were malignant adenoma accounting for 4.8%, and 20 carcinoid accounting for 2.8%. （5） The 48.9% of patients belonged to stages 0 to 11B. Conclusion： The cases of colorectal cancer in North China is mainly rectal cancers, and the incidence of left colon cancer is higher than that of right colon cancer. The histopathological classification is mainly adenocarcinoma, and the ratio of early stage is high.
文摘To introduce the epidemical, pathological, and clinical characteristics as well as the diagnostic and therapeutical experiences of endomyocardial fibrosis(EMF) in China. [WT5”BX] Data sources.[WT5”BZ]A CMBdisc search was done of the Chinese language literature published from January 1983 through June 1997 about EMF and/or restrictive cardiomyopathy. A manual search was then done for other contributions, including abstracts, between January 1965 and June 1997. [WT5”BX] Results. [WT5”BZ]Eighty seven Chinese cases of EMF were collected in this paper. There were 49 men and 38 women, with a mean age of 28±13 years(range, 8 to 68 years). The distribution of the cases is mainly in the south of China. Combined right and left ventricular disease occurs in 48 percent of cases, with pure right ventricular involvement occurring in 42 percent and pure left ventricular involvement in the remaining 10 percent of patients who are examined postmortem. The diagnosis of EMF was confirmed in 21 cases at autopsy, and in 66 cases by echocardiography, angiocardiography, and/or endomyocardial biopsy which showed the characteristic changes. Clinically, right sided disease is the commonest variety. Endocardiectomy and tricuspid(n=7) or mitral(n=1) valves replacement have been performed in 8 patients. There were 2 operative deaths. Six patients had a satisfactory recovery postoperatively and living well in the follow up duration. [WT5”BX] Conclusion.
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of chronochemotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. METHODS Sixty NPC patients were randomly designated for induction chrono-chemotherapy plus radiotherapy （CC, 30 patients） or for induction routine-chemotherapy plus radiotherapy （RC, 30 patients）. The differences in immediate response, side effects and changes in immunologic parameters between these two groups were analyzed. The chemotherapy regimen of the CC group consisted of cisplatin （DDP） 80 mg/m^2 d1 at 10：00-22：00 h, 5-flurouracil （5-FU） 750 mg/m^2/d1-3 at 22：00-10：00 on the next day and 5-CHO-FH4 （CF） 200 mg/m^2/d1-3 starting at 10：00 h, and repeated every 14 days. The regimen of the RC group was the same as the CC group, with the delivery of cisplatin at a conventional rate and the CF via a continuous 24 h venous injection. The radiotherapy regimen was same in the two groups. RESULTS The complete response rates for the CC and RC groups were 36.7% and 20.0%, respectively（P〈0.05）and the response rates （complete response＋partial response ） were 96.7% and 73.3% respectively. The grade I and II myelosuppression was more serious in the RC group, with rates of 43.3% and 70% in the CC and RC groups （P〈0.05） respectively. The differences in CD3, CD4, CD3/CD8, T＋B＋NK and CD8 cell levels between before and after treatment of the CC group were significant （P〈 0.05）, but differences in the RC group were not significant. CONCLUSION The immediate therapeutic response is better with concurrent chronochemotherapy plus radiotherapy and there are fewer side effect compared to concurrent routine-chemotherapy plus radiotherapy.
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of Maanshan,China (2008-40) (To Zhan SW and Zheng JX)
文摘AIM： To investigate the seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of hepatitis E virus （HEV） in the illegal blood donors （IBDs） of central China in the early 1990s.
文摘OBJECTIVE To discuss the pathologic characteristics and theprognosis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder(NECB)in order to assist in making a precise diagnosis and to effectivelytreat the disease.METHODS Clinicopathologic features of the 6 cases with NECBwere analyzed retrospectively.The personal data of the patientsand the pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics ofthe tumor were investigated.The follow-up of these patients wasconducted over a time period ranging from 3 months to 9 years.RESULTS Transurethral resection of the bladder tumorwas performed in all 6 patients.Based on the results of thepathologic examination,4 of the cases were diagnosed as smallcell neuroendocrine carcinoma and the other 2 were diagnosedas atypical carcinoid tumor.On immunohistochemical stainingall tumors expressed neuroendocrine markers includingneuronspecific enolase(CD56),synaptophysin(Syn)andchromogranin(CgA).In patients receiving partial cystectomyfollowed by postoperative chemotherapy,relapse was found in 4of the 6 cases on follow up.CONCLUSION NECB is a rare entity and a tumor with highmalignant potential and characteristic pathologic features.Hematuria is the cardinal symptom of NECB.Metastasis mayoccur at an early stage and the prognosis of the disease is poor.Final diagnosis of NECB depends on histopathologic examinationand immunohistochemical assays.Surgical excision combinedwith radiotherapy and chemotherapy is considered an effectivetreatment.
文摘Objective:To study the epidemiological features of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma in China during the last 10 years and to analyze the diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Reports on pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma published from 2000 to 2009 were retrieved from various databases,such as WANFANG data,VIP web and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).The epidemiological features of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma and its diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.Results:Totally 1 865 patients with pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma were reported in China during the last 10 years.The male to female ratio was approximately 1:2.1.The accurate ages were reported in 1 536 cases,the average age of them was 50.8 years,whose average age from 40 to 60 years old accounted 75.9% of the patients.65.3% of the cases were located in East China and Central China.Abdominal pain was the main clinical manifestation and was found in 54.9% of the patients.Pancreatoduodenectomy and resection of body and tail of the pancreas were the main procedure for the treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma.Conclusion:Pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma were mainly found in older women in East and Central China.Preoperative diagnosis is difficult.Pancreatoduodenectomy and resection of pancreatic body and tail were the main procedure for the treatment of pancreatic cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30700685)the Medical Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Municipal Health Bureau(2009-1-06)
文摘Background The epidemiological characteristics of drug-resistant tuberculosis （DR-TB） is fundamental to improving the prevention and control of DR-TB. Mutations in katG315 is thought to be the most predictive molecule markers for Isoniazid （INH） resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis （MTB）. However, mutations to these genes have not been thoroughly studied in China, and epidemiological evidence of their expression levels are especially lacking in the southwest of China, which has a high TB burden within the population. Methods MTB isolates were obtained from patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis at the TB dispensary and Chest hospital in Chongqing city between June 2003 and June 2006. Proportion methods were used to test the sensitivity to INH, RFP, SM and EMB of cultured MTB. A total of 100 MTB isolates were also randomly selected for analysis of the molecular mutation spectrum of katG by DNA sequencing. Results Totally 1 089 MTB isolates that completed positive sputum cultures and evaluated for their sensitivity to the four first-line drugs among 2 777 patients with TB. The prevalence of DR-TB and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis （MDR-TB） were 27.7% （302/1 089） and 7.3% （79/1 089）, respectively. The resistance to anti-TB drugs was found to be highest for SM （16.3%） and INH （14.0%）. There was also a significant increase in the prevalence of resistance to RFP and EMB （P〈0.01）, and an increase in MDR-TB between June 2003 and June 2004 and between July 2005 and June 2006. The total mutation rate of katG315 was 75＂5% （37/49） in INH-resistant MTB, and mutation sites included $315T, $315N and $315I with mutation rates of 81.1% （30/37）, 13.5% （5/37） and 5.4% （2/37）, respectively No katG315 mutants were found in any of the 48 INH-sensitive MTB. Our preliminary diagnostic results suggest that mutations in katG315 may potentially serve as molecular markers that can be used to diagnose the resistance to anti-TB drug of INH. Conclusion In the Chongqing, DR-TB and MDR-TB are increasing, and are becoming key problems for tuberculosis control. The use of katG315 mutations as potential molecule markers for drug resistance to INH may help improve patient treatment and decrease the spread of the disease
基金Supported by grants from the Medical Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Nanjing Military Command of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (No. 08MA036)Jiangsu Province Preventive Medicine Foundation (No. YZ201008)
文摘Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of esophageal cancer from 2009 to 2011 in Huai'an area, China. Methods: The data about the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer were provid- ed by Huai'an Cancer Registry, and the epidemiological characteristics of the disease were analyzed. Results: Esophageal cancer was not only the first most common cancer, but also the leading cause of cancer death in Huai'an area. The crude and standardized incidence rates were 62.91/10 5 and 49.92/10 5 , and the crude and standardized mortality rates were 46.75/10 5 and 36.87/10 5 , respectively. The sex ratio (male-female) was 1.69:1 in incidence, and the incidence increased in people aged 40 years and over, reaching the peak at the ages of 70-75 years. The mortality rate was at low level under the age of 50 years, but increased after the age of 50 years, reaching the peak at the age of 75-85 years. Incidence and mortality rates varied regionally with the highest rate found in Chuzhou district (90.76/10 5 and 67.17/10 5 ) and lowest rate observed in Qinghe district (32.41/10 5 and 8.75/10 5 ). Conclusion: Esophageal cancer is the major burden of cancer in Huai'an area, and has marked geographic distribution difference. The key period of age for screening and prevention of the disease is 55-85 years old.
