目的:使用多导睡眠图来研究癫痫患者的睡眠结构特征;探索癫痫活动与睡眠之间的关系。方法:回顾性分析54例的成人(年龄≥16岁)癫痫患者和58例正常对照的含16导脑电图的视频多导睡眠监测图,分别以性别、发作类型对癫痫组进行分组,进一步...目的:使用多导睡眠图来研究癫痫患者的睡眠结构特征;探索癫痫活动与睡眠之间的关系。方法:回顾性分析54例的成人(年龄≥16岁)癫痫患者和58例正常对照的含16导脑电图的视频多导睡眠监测图,分别以性别、发作类型对癫痫组进行分组,进一步分析比较癫痫组和对照组、男女性癫痫组、不同发作类型癫痫组的各项睡眠结构参数。结果:1)与对照组比较,癫痫患者的WASO(16.90±14.32 VS 53.95±60.08,P<0.05)%、睡眠周期次数减少(3.65±1.40 VS 4.19±1.25,P<0.05)。2)与女性癫痫患者比较,男性癫痫患者的BMI(24.04±2.86 VS 20.08±3.01,P<0.05)、总觉醒时间(121.63±74.73 VS 77.26±59.47,P<0.05)、WASO(19.43±15.12 VS 12.24±11.71,P<0.05)%、AHI增加(15.25±20.09 VS7.93±16.35,P<0.05),睡眠效率下降(76.43±15.58 VS 84.98±11.84,P<0.05),N3睡眠期比例减少(11.57±8.79 VS16.04±6.76,P<0.05)。3)与全面性起源癫痫患者比较,局灶性起源癫痫患者的年龄较大(49.93±21.94 VS 33.25±14.42,P<0.05),夜间癫痫活动较多(76.2%VS 33.3%,P<0.05)。4)癫痫患者的夜间癫痫发作均发生N1、N2睡眠期;IEDs在N1、N2、N3、REM睡眠期的分布分别为37.0%、40.7%、14.8%、7.4%。结论:1)男性癫痫患者更易出现睡眠结构紊乱。2)癫痫活动在NREM睡眠期较为活跃,而在REM睡眠期受到抑制。展开更多
Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the commonest helminthic CNS infection and the main cause of adult-onset seizures in developing countries, also frequent in industrialized countries because of immigration from ...Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the commonest helminthic CNS infection and the main cause of adult-onset seizures in developing countries, also frequent in industrialized countries because of immigration from endemic zones. Although NCC is commonly seen in individuals with seizures in endemic areas, its role as a cause of epilepsy has been questioned on the basis of the poor methodology of published studies. Objective: To determine, in a cysticercosis-endemic area of the northern Peruvian coast, the frequency of 1) epileptic seizures, 2) serum antibodies to Taenia solium, 3) NCC-compatible findings on brain CT, and 4) the associations between these variables. Methods: A community-wide screening survey for possible seizure cases was performed using a validated questionnaire. Positive respondents were later examined in the field by neurologists. Seizure cases were categorized as single seizure, active epilepsy, or inactive epilepsy. Serology was performed for all consenting individuals using immunoblot. Noncontrast brain CT scans were performed in all individuals with seizures and two groups of control subjects without seizures (seropositive and seronegative). Results: The screening survey was applied to 903 permanent residents. Most positive respondents (114/137 [83.2%]) were examined by neurologists. The overall prevalence of epilepsy was 32.1 per 1,000 and that of active epilepsy was 16.6 per 1,000. Seroprevalence was 24.2%(200/825). Seroprevalence was associated with seizures (odds ratio 2.14; p=0.026). Brain CT abnormalities compatible with NCC were more frequent in individuals with seizures and in those seropositive. Conclusion: In this hyperendemic area, an important proportion of seizure cases are associated with neurocysticercosis as demonstrated by serology or brain CT.展开更多
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy （SUDEP） is the most important direct epilepsy-related cause of death. Additionally, potential pathomechanisms for SUDEP is unknown, but it is very probable that cardiac arrhythmia...Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy （SUDEP） is the most important direct epilepsy-related cause of death. Additionally, potential pathomechanisms for SUDEP is unknown, but it is very probable that cardiac arrhythmia during and between seizures, electrolyte disturbances, arrhythmogenic drugs or transmission of epileptic activity via the autonomic nervous system to the heart may play a potential role. Quite interestingly, clinical and experimental data have shown that physical activity can decrease seizure frequency, as well as lead to improved cardiovascular health in patients with epilepsy. Based on these facts, the purpose of this article is to review the body of literature of the possible contribution of physical exercise to the SUDEP prevention in a comprehensive manner.展开更多
文摘目的:使用多导睡眠图来研究癫痫患者的睡眠结构特征;探索癫痫活动与睡眠之间的关系。方法:回顾性分析54例的成人(年龄≥16岁)癫痫患者和58例正常对照的含16导脑电图的视频多导睡眠监测图,分别以性别、发作类型对癫痫组进行分组,进一步分析比较癫痫组和对照组、男女性癫痫组、不同发作类型癫痫组的各项睡眠结构参数。结果:1)与对照组比较,癫痫患者的WASO(16.90±14.32 VS 53.95±60.08,P<0.05)%、睡眠周期次数减少(3.65±1.40 VS 4.19±1.25,P<0.05)。2)与女性癫痫患者比较,男性癫痫患者的BMI(24.04±2.86 VS 20.08±3.01,P<0.05)、总觉醒时间(121.63±74.73 VS 77.26±59.47,P<0.05)、WASO(19.43±15.12 VS 12.24±11.71,P<0.05)%、AHI增加(15.25±20.09 VS7.93±16.35,P<0.05),睡眠效率下降(76.43±15.58 VS 84.98±11.84,P<0.05),N3睡眠期比例减少(11.57±8.79 VS16.04±6.76,P<0.05)。3)与全面性起源癫痫患者比较,局灶性起源癫痫患者的年龄较大(49.93±21.94 VS 33.25±14.42,P<0.05),夜间癫痫活动较多(76.2%VS 33.3%,P<0.05)。4)癫痫患者的夜间癫痫发作均发生N1、N2睡眠期;IEDs在N1、N2、N3、REM睡眠期的分布分别为37.0%、40.7%、14.8%、7.4%。结论:1)男性癫痫患者更易出现睡眠结构紊乱。2)癫痫活动在NREM睡眠期较为活跃,而在REM睡眠期受到抑制。
文摘Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the commonest helminthic CNS infection and the main cause of adult-onset seizures in developing countries, also frequent in industrialized countries because of immigration from endemic zones. Although NCC is commonly seen in individuals with seizures in endemic areas, its role as a cause of epilepsy has been questioned on the basis of the poor methodology of published studies. Objective: To determine, in a cysticercosis-endemic area of the northern Peruvian coast, the frequency of 1) epileptic seizures, 2) serum antibodies to Taenia solium, 3) NCC-compatible findings on brain CT, and 4) the associations between these variables. Methods: A community-wide screening survey for possible seizure cases was performed using a validated questionnaire. Positive respondents were later examined in the field by neurologists. Seizure cases were categorized as single seizure, active epilepsy, or inactive epilepsy. Serology was performed for all consenting individuals using immunoblot. Noncontrast brain CT scans were performed in all individuals with seizures and two groups of control subjects without seizures (seropositive and seronegative). Results: The screening survey was applied to 903 permanent residents. Most positive respondents (114/137 [83.2%]) were examined by neurologists. The overall prevalence of epilepsy was 32.1 per 1,000 and that of active epilepsy was 16.6 per 1,000. Seroprevalence was 24.2%(200/825). Seroprevalence was associated with seizures (odds ratio 2.14; p=0.026). Brain CT abnormalities compatible with NCC were more frequent in individuals with seizures and in those seropositive. Conclusion: In this hyperendemic area, an important proportion of seizure cases are associated with neurocysticercosis as demonstrated by serology or brain CT.
文摘Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy （SUDEP） is the most important direct epilepsy-related cause of death. Additionally, potential pathomechanisms for SUDEP is unknown, but it is very probable that cardiac arrhythmia during and between seizures, electrolyte disturbances, arrhythmogenic drugs or transmission of epileptic activity via the autonomic nervous system to the heart may play a potential role. Quite interestingly, clinical and experimental data have shown that physical activity can decrease seizure frequency, as well as lead to improved cardiovascular health in patients with epilepsy. Based on these facts, the purpose of this article is to review the body of literature of the possible contribution of physical exercise to the SUDEP prevention in a comprehensive manner.
