Biodiesel soot （BDS） was collected from the combustion of biodiesel using a self-made soot trap. The effect of BDS on the txibological behavior of liquid paraffin （LP） was investigated using a four-ball txibometer...Biodiesel soot （BDS） was collected from the combustion of biodiesel using a self-made soot trap. The effect of BDS on the txibological behavior of liquid paraffin （LP） was investigated using a four-ball txibometer. A rotating viscometer was used to investigate the effect of BDS on the viscosity of LE The morphology, composition, and tribological mechanism of BDS were studied by means of FETEM, XRD, XPS, SEM/EDS, and the 3D laser scanning microscopy. Test results showed that the BDS aggregates were chain-like, and the average diameter of BDS was 35 nm. The BDS existed in the form of graphitic layers and amorphous carbon. The oxygen-containing functional groups in BDS consisted of the （C-O-C） and （C-O-H）. With an increasing BDS content, the dynamic viscosity of LP increased and the maximum non-seizure load increased initially and became stable later. In addition, the average wear scar diameter （AWSD） of LP increased and the average friction coefficient of LP decreased at first and then increased later. The tribological mechanisms could be ascribed to the variation in content of BDS： BDS could act as a friction modifier for a lower friction coefficient in case of low BDS content. However, the BDS aggregates could lead to increase of abrasive wear to influence the lubricating oil film at higher content of BDS, which would reduce the friction reduction ability and wear resistance of LP.展开更多
目的了解某粮油加工企业生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素及其控制措施,为职业病防护提供科学依据。方法采用现场职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测和职业健康检查法对职业病危害进行调查分析。结果该企业生产过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素...目的了解某粮油加工企业生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素及其控制措施,为职业病防护提供科学依据。方法采用现场职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测和职业健康检查法对职业病危害进行调查分析。结果该企业生产过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素为正己烷、石蜡烟、噪声、谷物粉尘和高温。现场检测结果显示各车间岗位接触化学物浓度和高温强度均符合国家职业接触限值的要求,但豆粕包装车间工人接触谷物粉尘浓度、预处理车间巡检岗位和车间控制室噪声强度均超过国家标准,且近3年预处理车间巡检岗有3例检出纯音听阈测试高频段双耳平均听阈>40 d B。结论粮油加工企业噪声和粉尘危害不容忽视,应采取切实可行的防护设施和措施,保护劳动者的健康。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51675153)the Major Science and Technology Special Project in Anhui (Grant No.17030901084)
文摘Biodiesel soot （BDS） was collected from the combustion of biodiesel using a self-made soot trap. The effect of BDS on the txibological behavior of liquid paraffin （LP） was investigated using a four-ball txibometer. A rotating viscometer was used to investigate the effect of BDS on the viscosity of LE The morphology, composition, and tribological mechanism of BDS were studied by means of FETEM, XRD, XPS, SEM/EDS, and the 3D laser scanning microscopy. Test results showed that the BDS aggregates were chain-like, and the average diameter of BDS was 35 nm. The BDS existed in the form of graphitic layers and amorphous carbon. The oxygen-containing functional groups in BDS consisted of the （C-O-C） and （C-O-H）. With an increasing BDS content, the dynamic viscosity of LP increased and the maximum non-seizure load increased initially and became stable later. In addition, the average wear scar diameter （AWSD） of LP increased and the average friction coefficient of LP decreased at first and then increased later. The tribological mechanisms could be ascribed to the variation in content of BDS： BDS could act as a friction modifier for a lower friction coefficient in case of low BDS content. However, the BDS aggregates could lead to increase of abrasive wear to influence the lubricating oil film at higher content of BDS, which would reduce the friction reduction ability and wear resistance of LP.
文摘目的了解某粮油加工企业生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素及其控制措施,为职业病防护提供科学依据。方法采用现场职业卫生调查、职业卫生检测和职业健康检查法对职业病危害进行调查分析。结果该企业生产过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素为正己烷、石蜡烟、噪声、谷物粉尘和高温。现场检测结果显示各车间岗位接触化学物浓度和高温强度均符合国家职业接触限值的要求,但豆粕包装车间工人接触谷物粉尘浓度、预处理车间巡检岗位和车间控制室噪声强度均超过国家标准,且近3年预处理车间巡检岗有3例检出纯音听阈测试高频段双耳平均听阈>40 d B。结论粮油加工企业噪声和粉尘危害不容忽视,应采取切实可行的防护设施和措施,保护劳动者的健康。
