贵州岩溶地区生态脆弱性的特征之一就是土层瘠薄,其土层的形成和演化方式一直是学术界的争论焦点.本研究以贵州岩溶区为研究对象,通过对土层的物质来源、碳酸盐岩风化成土作用的地球化学过程、红土的定年、石漠化成因等问题的探讨,明确...贵州岩溶地区生态脆弱性的特征之一就是土层瘠薄,其土层的形成和演化方式一直是学术界的争论焦点.本研究以贵州岩溶区为研究对象,通过对土层的物质来源、碳酸盐岩风化成土作用的地球化学过程、红土的定年、石漠化成因等问题的探讨,明确地提出碳酸盐岩风化成土作用的二阶段模式;贵州岩溶区土层的主要物源来自碳酸盐岩风化成土作用;岩溶台地上广泛存在的红土是一种古土壤(1～25 Ma B.P.);碳酸盐岩风化壳岩土界面处地球化学碱性障导致稀土超常富集;碳酸盐岩类型与石漠化分布有着本质的联系.这些结论对于进一步研究青藏高原隆升在其东南翼的响应、岩溶地区生态环境和生态重建工作有着重要的科学意义.展开更多
Fifty-seven shallow groundwater samples were collected from Guiyang karst basin, China, to analyze the aqueous rare-earth elements in low-water seasons and it is shown that the total amount of rare-earth elements (ΣR...Fifty-seven shallow groundwater samples were collected from Guiyang karst basin, China, to analyze the aqueous rare-earth elements in low-water seasons and it is shown that the total amount of rare-earth elements (ΣREE) in karst groundwater is exceedingly low compared with that in carbonate rocks or weathering crusts of carbonate rocks, and ranges from 0.01 to 0.43, from 0.03 to 0.27, from 0.03 to 0.19 and from 0.05 to 1.38 μg·L-1 for dolomite, dolomitic & limestone, limestone and clastic rock aquifer, respectively. Both distributions and contents of rare-earth elements (REE) in karst groundwater reflect the lithology of host rocks or weathering crusts of carbonate rocks through which groundwater flows. The chondrite-normalized patterns show a non-flat profile with higher enrichment of slightly light rare-earth elements (LREE) than heavy rare-earth elements (HREE), prominent fractionation between LREE and HREE, negative Ce anomalies and negative or positive Eu anomalies. There is more obvious fractionation between LREE and HREE in groundwater than that in carbonate rocks and their weathering crusts due to high contents of HCO3? and PH in groundwater. In shallow karst groundwater, REE(CO3)n2n-3 (n=1 and 2) is the main inorganic species of REE. But for a clastic rock aquifer, both REESO4+ and REECO3+ are the main inorganic species of REE. Species of REE in groundwater is closely associated with the hydrochemical type of groundwater which is predominated by the lithology of host rocks, groundwater-rock interaction and weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks.展开更多
文摘贵州岩溶地区生态脆弱性的特征之一就是土层瘠薄,其土层的形成和演化方式一直是学术界的争论焦点.本研究以贵州岩溶区为研究对象,通过对土层的物质来源、碳酸盐岩风化成土作用的地球化学过程、红土的定年、石漠化成因等问题的探讨,明确地提出碳酸盐岩风化成土作用的二阶段模式;贵州岩溶区土层的主要物源来自碳酸盐岩风化成土作用;岩溶台地上广泛存在的红土是一种古土壤(1～25 Ma B.P.);碳酸盐岩风化壳岩土界面处地球化学碱性障导致稀土超常富集;碳酸盐岩类型与石漠化分布有着本质的联系.这些结论对于进一步研究青藏高原隆升在其东南翼的响应、岩溶地区生态环境和生态重建工作有着重要的科学意义.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2006CB403202) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40463001)
文摘Fifty-seven shallow groundwater samples were collected from Guiyang karst basin, China, to analyze the aqueous rare-earth elements in low-water seasons and it is shown that the total amount of rare-earth elements (ΣREE) in karst groundwater is exceedingly low compared with that in carbonate rocks or weathering crusts of carbonate rocks, and ranges from 0.01 to 0.43, from 0.03 to 0.27, from 0.03 to 0.19 and from 0.05 to 1.38 μg·L-1 for dolomite, dolomitic & limestone, limestone and clastic rock aquifer, respectively. Both distributions and contents of rare-earth elements (REE) in karst groundwater reflect the lithology of host rocks or weathering crusts of carbonate rocks through which groundwater flows. The chondrite-normalized patterns show a non-flat profile with higher enrichment of slightly light rare-earth elements (LREE) than heavy rare-earth elements (HREE), prominent fractionation between LREE and HREE, negative Ce anomalies and negative or positive Eu anomalies. There is more obvious fractionation between LREE and HREE in groundwater than that in carbonate rocks and their weathering crusts due to high contents of HCO3? and PH in groundwater. In shallow karst groundwater, REE(CO3)n2n-3 (n=1 and 2) is the main inorganic species of REE. But for a clastic rock aquifer, both REESO4+ and REECO3+ are the main inorganic species of REE. Species of REE in groundwater is closely associated with the hydrochemical type of groundwater which is predominated by the lithology of host rocks, groundwater-rock interaction and weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks.
