Accumulation of vocabulary, knowledge and experience is the foundation of comprehension and expression in simultaneous interpretation. This paper suggests the importance of accumulation in the development of a success...Accumulation of vocabulary, knowledge and experience is the foundation of comprehension and expression in simultaneous interpretation. This paper suggests the importance of accumulation in the development of a successful interpreter.展开更多
Full grown oocytes derived from Bufo Bufo gargarizans rearing at high temperature environment (24℃),never underwent GVBD after progesterone treatment. No p34cdc2, H1 kinase activity was detected in the oocytes after ...Full grown oocytes derived from Bufo Bufo gargarizans rearing at high temperature environment (24℃),never underwent GVBD after progesterone treatment. No p34cdc2, H1 kinase activity was detected in the oocytes after progesterone stimulation or OA microinjection; Western blotting analysis showed that the level of p3cdc2, and p33 in the oocytes are significantly lower than those in the oocytes derived from the hibernating toads (below 10 ℃). 25S-Met incorporation analysis showed that when the oocytes were incubated at 6℃, synthesis of about thirty defferent polypeptides was promoted or induced, including p34cdc2 and some other p13suc1-binding proteins. All these results indicated that a low temperature environment is essential for the oocytes of Bufo Bufo gargarizans to express and store some cell cycle drivers and its regulators, and to gain the maturation competence. These results will also provide a new clue for explaining the molecular mechanisms why gametogenesis of some organisms depends on a relative low temperature and how to maintain the geographical distribution of some animals.展开更多
Carotenoids accumulation in red halophilic archaea cells is considered apotential biotechnological product possessing a number of biological functions. Anarchaeal strain was isolated from brine water in a saltern crys...Carotenoids accumulation in red halophilic archaea cells is considered apotential biotechnological product possessing a number of biological functions. Anarchaeal strain was isolated from brine water in a saltern crystallizer pond ofHanguSaltworks, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that it wasHaloarcula belonged to extremely halophilic archaea genus Halobacteriaceae. Todeterminethe effect of carbon source on the growth in Haloarcula cells, sucrose,lactose, glucose and soluble starch were supplemented into the culturemediumcontainingdissolved yeast extract and casein hydrolysate （10 g/L, 4：3 w/w） at alevel of 10 g/L, respectively, and sucrose was found to be a suitable one. To determinethe optimal supplementing levels of sucrose, three levels of sucrose （5, 10, 15 g/L）were added to the modified complete medium, and 10 g/L of sucrose supplementationwas optimal. The analysis of TLC and column gel chromatograph on pigment extractshowed five major pigments accumulated in Haloarcula cells, which werepreliminary detected as lycopene, bacterioruberin and its derivatives according to their absorptionpeak features.展开更多
This paper presents a novel approach to structure determination of linear systems along with the choice of system orders and parameters. AutoRegressive （AR）, Moving Average （MA） or AutoRegressive-Moving Average （...This paper presents a novel approach to structure determination of linear systems along with the choice of system orders and parameters. AutoRegressive （AR）, Moving Average （MA） or AutoRegressive-Moving Average （ARMA） model structure can be extracted blindly from the Third Order Cumulants （TOC） of the system output ts, where the unknown system is driven by an unobservable stationary independent identically distributed （i.i.d.） non-Gaussian signal. By means of the system order recursion, whether the system has an AR structure or has AR part of an ARMA structure is firstly investigated. MA features in the TOC domain is then applied as a threshold to decide if the system is an MA model or has MA part of an ARMA model. Numerical simulations illustrate the generality of the proposed blind structure identification methodology that may serve as a guideline for blind, linear system modeling.展开更多
According to the concept of the fault motion coordination ratio( FCR),this paper discusses the effect of the starting point on the result of FCR calculation and puts forward the calculation method for FCR using the sl...According to the concept of the fault motion coordination ratio( FCR),this paper discusses the effect of the starting point on the result of FCR calculation and puts forward the calculation method for FCR using the sliding window and the index for evaluating the dispersion. Earthquake cases analysis shows that at the Lijiang site across the fault: the FCR value varied greatly and its distribution was dispersive before the MS7. 0 Lijiang earthquake,while the value was stable and less dispersive after the earthquake,which reflects the strain accumulation of the fault during the seismogenic process and the poor movement coordination between the motion of the three components. After the earthquake,the fault was in a free activity state,the accumulated strain energy released, and the movement of the three components was coordinated mutually. At present,FCR dispersion of Lijiang is at a low value,and fault strain accumulation is at a low level.展开更多
The purpose of the present study is to optimize the cultivation conditions for the productivities of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the microalga chlorellafusca in a flow bioreactor. The effects of CO2 concentration in...The purpose of the present study is to optimize the cultivation conditions for the productivities of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the microalga chlorellafusca in a flow bioreactor. The effects of CO2 concentration in aeration and light intensity as the culture condition were firstly examined. After the cultivation conditions as to CO2 concentration and light intensity were determined, the effects of the concentrations of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaC1 and MgSO4 in the culture medium on the chlorophyll biosynthesis and carotenoid accumulation ofC. fusca were examined. KNO3 and CH3COONa were used as the nitrogen and the organic carbon sources, respectively. They are very important nutrient sources to the microalgae. In fact, when the concentration of the nutrient sources was increased, the syntheses of chlorophyll and the carotenoid accumulation of the microalgae were promoted. Cfusca can take an organic carbon as the nutrient sources for its own growth, so the cell is activated compared to the case only in an inorganic nourishment sources. Mg2＋ is known as a raw material of chlorophyll and it can promote carotenoid accumulation. However, when it exists in excessive quantity, the microalgae receive a stress and it was difficult for microalgae to uptake such nutrient sources. In this study, it was found that there existed the optimum amounts of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaCI and MgSO4 which should be added to the culture medium.展开更多
Due to the relatively late start of organic rice(Oryza sativa L.) research in China,there is a still lack of systematic research on rice varieties,organic fertilizer management practices,and especially the mechanisms ...Due to the relatively late start of organic rice(Oryza sativa L.) research in China,there is a still lack of systematic research on rice varieties,organic fertilizer management practices,and especially the mechanisms of nitrogen(N) uptake and utilization.Three rice varieties,Nanjing 5055,Nanjing 9108,and Nanjing 46,were grown under organic farming(OF) at three organic fertilizer levels(103.2,160.8,and 218.4 kg N ha^(-1)) and conventional farming(CF) with regular chemical fertilizers.Rice grain yields,yield components,and quality,dry matter accumulation,and plant N were measured at different growth stages during the 2012 and 2013 growing seasons.Compared with CF,OF had a significantly reduced yield.Nanjing 9108 showed significant reductions in number of panicles per unit area and percentage of filled grains,and had the lowest yield.The effects of fertilizer type and application rate on dry matter accumulation during the main growth periods were significant for all varieties.The N content and uptake in organically grown rice were lower compared with those of rice under CF.The N recovery efficiency and N agronomic efficiency were significantly lower,whereas N physiological efficiency and N partial factor productivity were greater under OF than under CF.Under OF,the processing quality showed a slight but insignificant decline,protein content and gel consistency increased,and amylose content decreased compared with those under CF.Correlation analysis showed that under OF,grain yield was significantly correlated with N uptake.The medium organic fertilizer level(160.8 kg N ha^(-1)) was found to be the optimum fertilizer treatment,and Nanjing 46 appeared to be the best variety for organic rice cultivation.To increase rice grain yields and reduce the potential risk of non-point source pollution in organic agriculture,further research is needed to improve the N use efficiency in organic rice cultivation.展开更多
The classification of cancer is a major research topic in bioinformatics. The nature of high dimensionality and small size associated with gene expression data,however,makes the classification quite challenging. Altho...The classification of cancer is a major research topic in bioinformatics. The nature of high dimensionality and small size associated with gene expression data,however,makes the classification quite challenging. Although principal component analysis (PCA) is of particular interest for the high-dimensional data,it may overemphasize some aspects and ignore some other important information contained in the richly complex data,because it displays only the difference in the first twoor three-dimensional PC subspaces. Based on PCA,a principal component accumulation (PCAcc) method was proposed. It employs the information contained in multiple PC subspaces and improves the class separability of cancers. The effectiveness of the present method was evaluated by four commonly used gene expression datasets,and the results show that the method performs well for cancer classification.展开更多
Residual stresses generated in cutting process have important influences on workpiece performance. The paper presents a method of theoretical analysis in order to explicate the formation mechanism of residual stresses...Residual stresses generated in cutting process have important influences on workpiece performance. The paper presents a method of theoretical analysis in order to explicate the formation mechanism of residual stresses in cutting. An important conclusion is drawn that the accumulated plastic strain is the main factor which determines the nature and the magnitude of surface residual stresses in the workpiece. On the basis of the analytical model for residual stress, a series of simulations for residual stress prediction during cutting AISI 1045 steel are implemented in order to obtain the influences of cutting speed, depth of cut and tool edge radius on surface residual stress in the workpiece. And these influences are explained from the perspective of formation mechanism of residual stress in cutting. The conclusions have good applicability and can be used to guide the parameters selection in actual production.展开更多
文摘Accumulation of vocabulary, knowledge and experience is the foundation of comprehension and expression in simultaneous interpretation. This paper suggests the importance of accumulation in the development of a successful interpreter.
文摘Full grown oocytes derived from Bufo Bufo gargarizans rearing at high temperature environment (24℃),never underwent GVBD after progesterone treatment. No p34cdc2, H1 kinase activity was detected in the oocytes after progesterone stimulation or OA microinjection; Western blotting analysis showed that the level of p3cdc2, and p33 in the oocytes are significantly lower than those in the oocytes derived from the hibernating toads (below 10 ℃). 25S-Met incorporation analysis showed that when the oocytes were incubated at 6℃, synthesis of about thirty defferent polypeptides was promoted or induced, including p34cdc2 and some other p13suc1-binding proteins. All these results indicated that a low temperature environment is essential for the oocytes of Bufo Bufo gargarizans to express and store some cell cycle drivers and its regulators, and to gain the maturation competence. These results will also provide a new clue for explaining the molecular mechanisms why gametogenesis of some organisms depends on a relative low temperature and how to maintain the geographical distribution of some animals.
基金supported by Young Scholar Foundation of Tianijn University of Science and Technology(2015LG05)National Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(201510057048)
文摘Carotenoids accumulation in red halophilic archaea cells is considered apotential biotechnological product possessing a number of biological functions. Anarchaeal strain was isolated from brine water in a saltern crystallizer pond ofHanguSaltworks, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that it wasHaloarcula belonged to extremely halophilic archaea genus Halobacteriaceae. Todeterminethe effect of carbon source on the growth in Haloarcula cells, sucrose,lactose, glucose and soluble starch were supplemented into the culturemediumcontainingdissolved yeast extract and casein hydrolysate （10 g/L, 4：3 w/w） at alevel of 10 g/L, respectively, and sucrose was found to be a suitable one. To determinethe optimal supplementing levels of sucrose, three levels of sucrose （5, 10, 15 g/L）were added to the modified complete medium, and 10 g/L of sucrose supplementationwas optimal. The analysis of TLC and column gel chromatograph on pigment extractshowed five major pigments accumulated in Haloarcula cells, which werepreliminary detected as lycopene, bacterioruberin and its derivatives according to their absorptionpeak features.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60575006).
文摘This paper presents a novel approach to structure determination of linear systems along with the choice of system orders and parameters. AutoRegressive （AR）, Moving Average （MA） or AutoRegressive-Moving Average （ARMA） model structure can be extracted blindly from the Third Order Cumulants （TOC） of the system output ts, where the unknown system is driven by an unobservable stationary independent identically distributed （i.i.d.） non-Gaussian signal. By means of the system order recursion, whether the system has an AR structure or has AR part of an ARMA structure is firstly investigated. MA features in the TOC domain is then applied as a threshold to decide if the system is an MA model or has MA part of an ARMA model. Numerical simulations illustrate the generality of the proposed blind structure identification methodology that may serve as a guideline for blind, linear system modeling.
基金funded by the Youth Seismic Regime Tracking Project in the Year of 2012,China Earthquake Administration(2012020203)the Youth Seismic Regime Tracking Project in the Year of 2011(2011020207)the National Key Technology R&D Program of the 12th "Five-year Plan",China
文摘According to the concept of the fault motion coordination ratio( FCR),this paper discusses the effect of the starting point on the result of FCR calculation and puts forward the calculation method for FCR using the sliding window and the index for evaluating the dispersion. Earthquake cases analysis shows that at the Lijiang site across the fault: the FCR value varied greatly and its distribution was dispersive before the MS7. 0 Lijiang earthquake,while the value was stable and less dispersive after the earthquake,which reflects the strain accumulation of the fault during the seismogenic process and the poor movement coordination between the motion of the three components. After the earthquake,the fault was in a free activity state,the accumulated strain energy released, and the movement of the three components was coordinated mutually. At present,FCR dispersion of Lijiang is at a low value,and fault strain accumulation is at a low level.
文摘The purpose of the present study is to optimize the cultivation conditions for the productivities of chlorophyll and carotenoid of the microalga chlorellafusca in a flow bioreactor. The effects of CO2 concentration in aeration and light intensity as the culture condition were firstly examined. After the cultivation conditions as to CO2 concentration and light intensity were determined, the effects of the concentrations of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaC1 and MgSO4 in the culture medium on the chlorophyll biosynthesis and carotenoid accumulation ofC. fusca were examined. KNO3 and CH3COONa were used as the nitrogen and the organic carbon sources, respectively. They are very important nutrient sources to the microalgae. In fact, when the concentration of the nutrient sources was increased, the syntheses of chlorophyll and the carotenoid accumulation of the microalgae were promoted. Cfusca can take an organic carbon as the nutrient sources for its own growth, so the cell is activated compared to the case only in an inorganic nourishment sources. Mg2＋ is known as a raw material of chlorophyll and it can promote carotenoid accumulation. However, when it exists in excessive quantity, the microalgae receive a stress and it was difficult for microalgae to uptake such nutrient sources. In this study, it was found that there existed the optimum amounts of KNO3, CH3COONa, NaCI and MgSO4 which should be added to the culture medium.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31201154 and 31571596)the Open Project Program of Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,China (No. K12008)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China
文摘Due to the relatively late start of organic rice(Oryza sativa L.) research in China,there is a still lack of systematic research on rice varieties,organic fertilizer management practices,and especially the mechanisms of nitrogen(N) uptake and utilization.Three rice varieties,Nanjing 5055,Nanjing 9108,and Nanjing 46,were grown under organic farming(OF) at three organic fertilizer levels(103.2,160.8,and 218.4 kg N ha^(-1)) and conventional farming(CF) with regular chemical fertilizers.Rice grain yields,yield components,and quality,dry matter accumulation,and plant N were measured at different growth stages during the 2012 and 2013 growing seasons.Compared with CF,OF had a significantly reduced yield.Nanjing 9108 showed significant reductions in number of panicles per unit area and percentage of filled grains,and had the lowest yield.The effects of fertilizer type and application rate on dry matter accumulation during the main growth periods were significant for all varieties.The N content and uptake in organically grown rice were lower compared with those of rice under CF.The N recovery efficiency and N agronomic efficiency were significantly lower,whereas N physiological efficiency and N partial factor productivity were greater under OF than under CF.Under OF,the processing quality showed a slight but insignificant decline,protein content and gel consistency increased,and amylose content decreased compared with those under CF.Correlation analysis showed that under OF,grain yield was significantly correlated with N uptake.The medium organic fertilizer level(160.8 kg N ha^(-1)) was found to be the optimum fertilizer treatment,and Nanjing 46 appeared to be the best variety for organic rice cultivation.To increase rice grain yields and reduce the potential risk of non-point source pollution in organic agriculture,further research is needed to improve the N use efficiency in organic rice cultivation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20835002)International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of China (2008DFA32250)
文摘The classification of cancer is a major research topic in bioinformatics. The nature of high dimensionality and small size associated with gene expression data,however,makes the classification quite challenging. Although principal component analysis (PCA) is of particular interest for the high-dimensional data,it may overemphasize some aspects and ignore some other important information contained in the richly complex data,because it displays only the difference in the first twoor three-dimensional PC subspaces. Based on PCA,a principal component accumulation (PCAcc) method was proposed. It employs the information contained in multiple PC subspaces and improves the class separability of cancers. The effectiveness of the present method was evaluated by four commonly used gene expression datasets,and the results show that the method performs well for cancer classification.
文摘Residual stresses generated in cutting process have important influences on workpiece performance. The paper presents a method of theoretical analysis in order to explicate the formation mechanism of residual stresses in cutting. An important conclusion is drawn that the accumulated plastic strain is the main factor which determines the nature and the magnitude of surface residual stresses in the workpiece. On the basis of the analytical model for residual stress, a series of simulations for residual stress prediction during cutting AISI 1045 steel are implemented in order to obtain the influences of cutting speed, depth of cut and tool edge radius on surface residual stress in the workpiece. And these influences are explained from the perspective of formation mechanism of residual stress in cutting. The conclusions have good applicability and can be used to guide the parameters selection in actual production.
