寄生发生前寄生蜂的寄生行为及寄生发生后寄生蜂的生长发育情况能够反映出寄主对寄生蜂的适合性,而寄生蜂对寄主营养物质的吸收和利用是寄生蜂完成发育的生理基础。为了从寄生蜂利用寄主营养能力的角度探讨寄主对不同种赤眼蜂适合性变...寄生发生前寄生蜂的寄生行为及寄生发生后寄生蜂的生长发育情况能够反映出寄主对寄生蜂的适合性,而寄生蜂对寄主营养物质的吸收和利用是寄生蜂完成发育的生理基础。为了从寄生蜂利用寄主营养能力的角度探讨寄主对不同种赤眼蜂适合性变化的原因,本文观察了以米蛾Corcyra cephalonica Stainton卵为寄主时拟澳洲赤眼蜂Trichogramma confusum Viggiani、松毛虫赤眼蜂T.dendrolimi Matsumura和玉米螟赤眼蜂T.ostriniae Pang et Chen的寄生行为及发育和存活情况,测定了被寄生米蛾卵内游离氨基酸的含量。结果发现,玉米螟赤眼蜂的产卵时间为84.9s,显著长于拟澳洲赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂的产卵时间。拟澳洲赤眼蜂检测寄主所需时间为30.8s,显著长于玉米螟赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂所需时间,但从每寄主卵中羽化出的拟澳洲赤眼蜂数量显著高于松毛虫赤眼蜂及玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生的结果。3种赤眼蜂卵＋幼虫的发育历期间不存在显著差异,但卵-成虫的发育历期间存在显著差异。玉米螟赤眼蜂幼虫期和预蛹期的死亡率均显著高于拟澳洲赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂相应虫期的死亡率。这些结果表明：米蛾卵对松毛虫赤眼蜂及拟澳洲赤眼蜂的适合性高于对玉米螟赤眼蜂的适合性。未被寄生的米蛾卵内游离氨基酸的总量在24~96h时间段内从开始的2.194mg/mL逐渐下降到1.565mg/mL,而被寄生的米蛾卵内游离氨基酸总量均出现先升高后下降的现象。被松毛虫赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂寄生的米蛾卵内游离氨基酸总量在48h达到最高值,分别为4.239mg/mL和3.222mg/mL,被玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生的米蛾在72h达到最高值,为4.323mg/mL,显示同玉米螟赤眼蜂相比,松毛虫赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂能够更快地分解利用寄主营养。这些结果提示,3种赤眼蜂利用米蛾卵内营养物质能力的不同导致了米蛾卵对3种蜂适合性的不同。展开更多
By means of single and mixed inoculation,this paper studied the interspecific competition between T.confusum and T.pretiosum on the factitious eggs of Corcyra cephaloica under different parasitoid densities,host densi...By means of single and mixed inoculation,this paper studied the interspecific competition between T.confusum and T.pretiosum on the factitious eggs of Corcyra cephaloica under different parasitoid densities,host densities and inoculated spaces.The results showed that for both singly and mixed inoculated groups,the parasitism increased with parasitoid density but decreased with host density,whereas the percentage of female progeny dropped with parasitoid density but enhanced with host density.No significant effect was observed on adult emergence for all parasitoid and host density treatments.In mixed inoculated group,the proportion of T.pretiosum in the progeny decreased with parasitoid density but increased with host density,and was more than 50% in all treatments,indicating that T.pretiosum had a stronger competitive ability than T.confusum.In the spaces ranging from 4 cm 3 to 102 cm 3,the parasitism decreased gradually in both singly and mixed inoculated groups.The percentage of female progeny and adult emergence had no significant difference among different inoculated spaces.In mixed inoculated group,the proportion of T.pretiosum in the progeny was more than 50% in all treatments except space 102 cm 3,but decreased with space,which suggested that T.confusum could improve their competitive ability through increasing their search areas and looking for more hosts.展开更多
文摘寄生发生前寄生蜂的寄生行为及寄生发生后寄生蜂的生长发育情况能够反映出寄主对寄生蜂的适合性,而寄生蜂对寄主营养物质的吸收和利用是寄生蜂完成发育的生理基础。为了从寄生蜂利用寄主营养能力的角度探讨寄主对不同种赤眼蜂适合性变化的原因,本文观察了以米蛾Corcyra cephalonica Stainton卵为寄主时拟澳洲赤眼蜂Trichogramma confusum Viggiani、松毛虫赤眼蜂T.dendrolimi Matsumura和玉米螟赤眼蜂T.ostriniae Pang et Chen的寄生行为及发育和存活情况,测定了被寄生米蛾卵内游离氨基酸的含量。结果发现,玉米螟赤眼蜂的产卵时间为84.9s,显著长于拟澳洲赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂的产卵时间。拟澳洲赤眼蜂检测寄主所需时间为30.8s,显著长于玉米螟赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂所需时间,但从每寄主卵中羽化出的拟澳洲赤眼蜂数量显著高于松毛虫赤眼蜂及玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生的结果。3种赤眼蜂卵＋幼虫的发育历期间不存在显著差异,但卵-成虫的发育历期间存在显著差异。玉米螟赤眼蜂幼虫期和预蛹期的死亡率均显著高于拟澳洲赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂相应虫期的死亡率。这些结果表明：米蛾卵对松毛虫赤眼蜂及拟澳洲赤眼蜂的适合性高于对玉米螟赤眼蜂的适合性。未被寄生的米蛾卵内游离氨基酸的总量在24~96h时间段内从开始的2.194mg/mL逐渐下降到1.565mg/mL,而被寄生的米蛾卵内游离氨基酸总量均出现先升高后下降的现象。被松毛虫赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂寄生的米蛾卵内游离氨基酸总量在48h达到最高值,分别为4.239mg/mL和3.222mg/mL,被玉米螟赤眼蜂寄生的米蛾在72h达到最高值,为4.323mg/mL,显示同玉米螟赤眼蜂相比,松毛虫赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂能够更快地分解利用寄主营养。这些结果提示,3种赤眼蜂利用米蛾卵内营养物质能力的不同导致了米蛾卵对3种蜂适合性的不同。
文摘By means of single and mixed inoculation,this paper studied the interspecific competition between T.confusum and T.pretiosum on the factitious eggs of Corcyra cephaloica under different parasitoid densities,host densities and inoculated spaces.The results showed that for both singly and mixed inoculated groups,the parasitism increased with parasitoid density but decreased with host density,whereas the percentage of female progeny dropped with parasitoid density but enhanced with host density.No significant effect was observed on adult emergence for all parasitoid and host density treatments.In mixed inoculated group,the proportion of T.pretiosum in the progeny decreased with parasitoid density but increased with host density,and was more than 50% in all treatments,indicating that T.pretiosum had a stronger competitive ability than T.confusum.In the spaces ranging from 4 cm 3 to 102 cm 3,the parasitism decreased gradually in both singly and mixed inoculated groups.The percentage of female progeny and adult emergence had no significant difference among different inoculated spaces.In mixed inoculated group,the proportion of T.pretiosum in the progeny was more than 50% in all treatments except space 102 cm 3,but decreased with space,which suggested that T.confusum could improve their competitive ability through increasing their search areas and looking for more hosts.
