In the study, the methods of applied histology and histochemistry were used to determine intestinal villus length, crypt depth, the ratio of intestinal villus length to crypt depth, mucous membrane thickness and intes...In the study, the methods of applied histology and histochemistry were used to determine intestinal villus length, crypt depth, the ratio of intestinal villus length to crypt depth, mucous membrane thickness and intestinal wall thickness of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of 42-day-old broilers, so as to study the effects of different conncentrations of homologous probiottcs on small intestinal mucosa struc- ture of the broilers. The results showed that the effect of 0.3% probiotics on small intestine mucosal structures was the best, such as the length of intestinal villus was the longest, the ratio of villus length to crypt depth was the largest, the thins of mucous membrane and intestinal wall was the thickest. These showed that 0,3% probiotics had best effect on improving and enhancing the digestion-absorption func- tion of the small intestine of the broilers.展开更多
AIM： To investigate whether a fuzzy logic model could predict colorectal cancer （CRC） risk engendered by smoking in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer （HNPCC） patients. METHODS： Three hundred and forty H...AIM： To investigate whether a fuzzy logic model could predict colorectal cancer （CRC） risk engendered by smoking in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer （HNPCC） patients. METHODS： Three hundred and forty HNPCC mismatch repair （MMR） mutation carriers from the Creighton University Hereditary Cancer Institute Registry were selected for modeling. Age-dependent curves were generated to elucidate the joint effects between gene mutation （hMLH1 or hMSH2）, gender, and smoking status on the probability of developing CRC. RESULTS： Smoking significantly increased CRC risk in male hMSH2 mutation carriers （P 〈 0.05）. hMLH1 mutations augmented CRC risk relative to hMSH2 mutation carriers for males （P 〈 0.05）. Males had a significantly higher risk of CRC than females for hMLH1 non smokers （P 〈 0.05）, hMLH1 smokers （P 〈 0.1） and hMSH2 smokers （P 〈 0.1）. Smoking promoted CRC in a dose-dependent manner in hMSH2 in males （P 〈 0.05）. Females with hMSH2 mutations and both sexes with the hMLH1 groups only demonstrated a smoking effect after an extensive smoking history （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： CRC promotion by smoking in HNPCC patients is dependent on gene mutation, gender and age. These data demonstrate that fuzzy modeling may enable formulation of clinical risk scores, thereby allowing individualization of CRC prevention strategies.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of prophylactic submucosal saline-epinephrine injection and saline injection alone for large colon polyps by conventional polypectomy. METHODS:A prospective study was ...AIM:To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of prophylactic submucosal saline-epinephrine injection and saline injection alone for large colon polyps by conventional polypectomy. METHODS:A prospective study was conducted from July 2003 to July 2004 at 11 tertiary endoscopic centers. Large colon polyps (> 10 mm in diameter) wererandomized to undergo endoscopic polypectomy with submucosal saline-epinephrine injection (epinephrine group) or normal saline injection (saline group). Endoscopic polypectomy was performed by the conventional snare method,and early (< 12 h) and late bleeding complications (12 h-30 d) were observed. RESULTS:A total of 561 polyps in 486 patients were resected by endoscopic polypectomy. Overall,bleeding complications occurred in 7.6% (37/486) of the patients,including 4.9% (12/244) in the epinephrine group,and 10.3% (25/242) in the saline group. Early and late postpolypectomy bleeding (PPB) occurred in 6.6% (32/486) and 1% (5/486) of the patients,respectively,including 4.5% (11/244),0.4% (1/244) in the epinephrine group,and 8.7% (21/242),1.7% (4/242) in the saline group. No significant differences in the rates of overall,early and late PPB were observed between the 2 groups. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that large size (> 2 cm) and neoplastic polyps were independently and significantly associated with the presence of PPB. CONCLUSION:The prophylactic submucosal injection of diluted epinephrine does not appear to provide an additional advantage over the saline injection alone for the prevention of PPB.展开更多
Small bowel tumors and Crohn's disease are common causes of small bowel obstruction.Early stage neoplasms can easily be mistaken for Crohn's disease.Therefore,thorough work-ups including imaging studies and en...Small bowel tumors and Crohn's disease are common causes of small bowel obstruction.Early stage neoplasms can easily be mistaken for Crohn's disease.Therefore,thorough work-ups including imaging studies and endoscopic evaluation with biopsies are critical for accurate diagnosis.Here we report a case of an otherwise healthy female with progressive onset of multiple,recurrent obstructive symptoms secondary to terminal ileal narrowing who was referred for management of steroid-dependent Crohn's disease.After thorough evaluation,the diagnosis was revised to myeloid granulocytic sarcoma involving the terminal ileum.In this case,a delay in diagnosis can be detrimental for prognosis,as myeloid granulocytic sarcoma is highly predictive of underlying acute myeloid leukemia and needs urgent referral for chemotherapy and/or resection.展开更多
AIM： To compare high resolution colonoscopy （Olympus Lucera） with a megapixel high resolution system （Pentax HiLine） as an in-service evaluation. METHODS： Polyp detection rates and measures of performance were c...AIM： To compare high resolution colonoscopy （Olympus Lucera） with a megapixel high resolution system （Pentax HiLine） as an in-service evaluation. METHODS： Polyp detection rates and measures of performance were collected for 269 colonoscopy procedures. Five colonoscopists conducted the study over a three month period, as part of the United Kingdom bowel cancer screening program. RESULTS：There were no differences in procedure duration （x^2 p = 0.98）, caecal intubation rates （x^2 P = 0.67）, or depth of sedation （x^2 P = 0.64）. Mild discomfort was more common in the Pentax group （x^2 p = 0.036）. Adenoma detection rate was significantly higher in the Pentax group （x^2 test for trend P = 0.01）. Most of the extra polyps detected were flat or sessile adenomas. CONCLUSION： Megapixel definition colonoscopes improve adenoma detection without compromising other measures of endoscope performance. Increased polyp detection rates may improve future outcomes in bowel cancer screening programs.展开更多
Chlortetracycline （CTC）, one kind of common antibiotic for prevention and treatment of various diseases, also exhibits good performance in accelerating the growth of livestock. Macleaya cordata, a traditional Chines...Chlortetracycline （CTC）, one kind of common antibiotic for prevention and treatment of various diseases, also exhibits good performance in accelerating the growth of livestock. Macleaya cordata, a traditional Chinese medicine, is usually used as a natural additive in livestock because of its anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, and pesticidal activity. In this work, we studied whether M. cordata helps regulate the growth-promoting effect of CTC on broiler chickens. It is demonstrated that M. cordata improves the growth-promoting effect of CTC on growth per- formance indices of broiler chickens, such as survival rate, daily weight, and feed to weight rate. M. cordata also delays the maximum of CTC residues in plasma. It may depend on the higher values of operational taxonomic unit （OTU） and the indices of o diversity driven by simultaneous use of CTC and M. cordata.展开更多
Poultry and eggs are nutritious and healthy foods that contain high-quality proteins and low levels of fat compared with other meats. Recent studies have shown that poultry performance is closely associated with colon...Poultry and eggs are nutritious and healthy foods that contain high-quality proteins and low levels of fat compared with other meats. Recent studies have shown that poultry performance is closely associated with colonic health. Antibiotics are commonly used in the poultry industry to control diseases and enhance survival rates. However, antibiotic use can also result in host gut dysbiosis and immune dysregulation. Such imbalances compromise poultry health and growth performance. Thus, our study investigated the effect of Lactobacillus(L.) plantarum P-8 on the gut microbiome of chickens co-inoculated with the antibiotic lincomycin. Principal coordinate analysis showed that L. plantarum P-8 treatment shifted the faecal bacterial population structure. At the metagenomic level, the Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COGs) functional categories of P, C, N and A were overrepresented in the probiotic group. Additionally, the relative gene abundances of metabolic pathways involved in flagellar assembly,bacterial chemotaxis, nitrogen metabolism, sulfur metabolism, cofactor and vitamin biosynthesis were also higher in the probiotic group than the control; in contrast genes related to galactose degradation,carbon fixation, multiple sugar transport systems and ribosomes were underrepresented in the probiotic group. Our data suggest that feeding L. plantarum P-8 has the potential to improve metabolic activity and nutrient utilization of poultry. Furthermore, the faecal antibiotic resistomes of the two groups could be separated using principal components analysis, indicating that the probiotic treatment may modulate the intestinal antibiotic resistance gene pool by changing the population structure of the gut microbiota.This study has provided interesting insights into the application of probiotics in the poultry industry.展开更多
基金Supported by the Project of Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture(XY-YF-14-18XYYF-14-16)~~
文摘In the study, the methods of applied histology and histochemistry were used to determine intestinal villus length, crypt depth, the ratio of intestinal villus length to crypt depth, mucous membrane thickness and intestinal wall thickness of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of 42-day-old broilers, so as to study the effects of different conncentrations of homologous probiottcs on small intestinal mucosa struc- ture of the broilers. The results showed that the effect of 0.3% probiotics on small intestine mucosal structures was the best, such as the length of intestinal villus was the longest, the ratio of villus length to crypt depth was the largest, the thins of mucous membrane and intestinal wall was the thickest. These showed that 0,3% probiotics had best effect on improving and enhancing the digestion-absorption func- tion of the small intestine of the broilers.
基金Supported by a grant from the American College of Gastroenterology
文摘AIM： To investigate whether a fuzzy logic model could predict colorectal cancer （CRC） risk engendered by smoking in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer （HNPCC） patients. METHODS： Three hundred and forty HNPCC mismatch repair （MMR） mutation carriers from the Creighton University Hereditary Cancer Institute Registry were selected for modeling. Age-dependent curves were generated to elucidate the joint effects between gene mutation （hMLH1 or hMSH2）, gender, and smoking status on the probability of developing CRC. RESULTS： Smoking significantly increased CRC risk in male hMSH2 mutation carriers （P 〈 0.05）. hMLH1 mutations augmented CRC risk relative to hMSH2 mutation carriers for males （P 〈 0.05）. Males had a significantly higher risk of CRC than females for hMLH1 non smokers （P 〈 0.05）, hMLH1 smokers （P 〈 0.1） and hMSH2 smokers （P 〈 0.1）. Smoking promoted CRC in a dose-dependent manner in hMSH2 in males （P 〈 0.05）. Females with hMSH2 mutations and both sexes with the hMLH1 groups only demonstrated a smoking effect after an extensive smoking history （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： CRC promotion by smoking in HNPCC patients is dependent on gene mutation, gender and age. These data demonstrate that fuzzy modeling may enable formulation of clinical risk scores, thereby allowing individualization of CRC prevention strategies.
基金a grant from the Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases
文摘AIM:To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of prophylactic submucosal saline-epinephrine injection and saline injection alone for large colon polyps by conventional polypectomy. METHODS:A prospective study was conducted from July 2003 to July 2004 at 11 tertiary endoscopic centers. Large colon polyps (> 10 mm in diameter) wererandomized to undergo endoscopic polypectomy with submucosal saline-epinephrine injection (epinephrine group) or normal saline injection (saline group). Endoscopic polypectomy was performed by the conventional snare method,and early (< 12 h) and late bleeding complications (12 h-30 d) were observed. RESULTS:A total of 561 polyps in 486 patients were resected by endoscopic polypectomy. Overall,bleeding complications occurred in 7.6% (37/486) of the patients,including 4.9% (12/244) in the epinephrine group,and 10.3% (25/242) in the saline group. Early and late postpolypectomy bleeding (PPB) occurred in 6.6% (32/486) and 1% (5/486) of the patients,respectively,including 4.5% (11/244),0.4% (1/244) in the epinephrine group,and 8.7% (21/242),1.7% (4/242) in the saline group. No significant differences in the rates of overall,early and late PPB were observed between the 2 groups. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that large size (> 2 cm) and neoplastic polyps were independently and significantly associated with the presence of PPB. CONCLUSION:The prophylactic submucosal injection of diluted epinephrine does not appear to provide an additional advantage over the saline injection alone for the prevention of PPB.
文摘Small bowel tumors and Crohn's disease are common causes of small bowel obstruction.Early stage neoplasms can easily be mistaken for Crohn's disease.Therefore,thorough work-ups including imaging studies and endoscopic evaluation with biopsies are critical for accurate diagnosis.Here we report a case of an otherwise healthy female with progressive onset of multiple,recurrent obstructive symptoms secondary to terminal ileal narrowing who was referred for management of steroid-dependent Crohn's disease.After thorough evaluation,the diagnosis was revised to myeloid granulocytic sarcoma involving the terminal ileum.In this case,a delay in diagnosis can be detrimental for prognosis,as myeloid granulocytic sarcoma is highly predictive of underlying acute myeloid leukemia and needs urgent referral for chemotherapy and/or resection.
基金Supported by Proportion of UCLH/UCL funding from the Department of Health’s NIHR Biomedical Research Centres funding schemeA grant from the UCL experimental cancer medicine centreUnrestricted educational grant support from Pentax United Kingdom (Lovat LB)
文摘AIM： To compare high resolution colonoscopy （Olympus Lucera） with a megapixel high resolution system （Pentax HiLine） as an in-service evaluation. METHODS： Polyp detection rates and measures of performance were collected for 269 colonoscopy procedures. Five colonoscopists conducted the study over a three month period, as part of the United Kingdom bowel cancer screening program. RESULTS：There were no differences in procedure duration （x^2 p = 0.98）, caecal intubation rates （x^2 P = 0.67）, or depth of sedation （x^2 P = 0.64）. Mild discomfort was more common in the Pentax group （x^2 p = 0.036）. Adenoma detection rate was significantly higher in the Pentax group （x^2 test for trend P = 0.01）. Most of the extra polyps detected were flat or sessile adenomas. CONCLUSION： Megapixel definition colonoscopes improve adenoma detection without compromising other measures of endoscope performance. Increased polyp detection rates may improve future outcomes in bowel cancer screening programs.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Excellent Young Scholars(No.BK20170087)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31502033,31472164,and 31672515)
文摘Chlortetracycline （CTC）, one kind of common antibiotic for prevention and treatment of various diseases, also exhibits good performance in accelerating the growth of livestock. Macleaya cordata, a traditional Chinese medicine, is usually used as a natural additive in livestock because of its anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, and pesticidal activity. In this work, we studied whether M. cordata helps regulate the growth-promoting effect of CTC on broiler chickens. It is demonstrated that M. cordata improves the growth-promoting effect of CTC on growth per- formance indices of broiler chickens, such as survival rate, daily weight, and feed to weight rate. M. cordata also delays the maximum of CTC residues in plasma. It may depend on the higher values of operational taxonomic unit （OTU） and the indices of o diversity driven by simultaneous use of CTC and M. cordata.
文摘Poultry and eggs are nutritious and healthy foods that contain high-quality proteins and low levels of fat compared with other meats. Recent studies have shown that poultry performance is closely associated with colonic health. Antibiotics are commonly used in the poultry industry to control diseases and enhance survival rates. However, antibiotic use can also result in host gut dysbiosis and immune dysregulation. Such imbalances compromise poultry health and growth performance. Thus, our study investigated the effect of Lactobacillus(L.) plantarum P-8 on the gut microbiome of chickens co-inoculated with the antibiotic lincomycin. Principal coordinate analysis showed that L. plantarum P-8 treatment shifted the faecal bacterial population structure. At the metagenomic level, the Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COGs) functional categories of P, C, N and A were overrepresented in the probiotic group. Additionally, the relative gene abundances of metabolic pathways involved in flagellar assembly,bacterial chemotaxis, nitrogen metabolism, sulfur metabolism, cofactor and vitamin biosynthesis were also higher in the probiotic group than the control; in contrast genes related to galactose degradation,carbon fixation, multiple sugar transport systems and ribosomes were underrepresented in the probiotic group. Our data suggest that feeding L. plantarum P-8 has the potential to improve metabolic activity and nutrient utilization of poultry. Furthermore, the faecal antibiotic resistomes of the two groups could be separated using principal components analysis, indicating that the probiotic treatment may modulate the intestinal antibiotic resistance gene pool by changing the population structure of the gut microbiota.This study has provided interesting insights into the application of probiotics in the poultry industry.
