目的:探讨益气温阳、活血利水方药对充血性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠模型胰岛素抵抗(IR)及心肌组织病理学改变的影响。方法:通过对Wistar雄性大鼠尾静脉注射盐酸阿霉素制备充血性心力衰竭大鼠模型,造模成功后将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分成模型组、...目的:探讨益气温阳、活血利水方药对充血性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠模型胰岛素抵抗(IR)及心肌组织病理学改变的影响。方法:通过对Wistar雄性大鼠尾静脉注射盐酸阿霉素制备充血性心力衰竭大鼠模型,造模成功后将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分成模型组、西药组、方药低剂量组、方药中剂量组、方药高剂量组,连续灌胃4周后,取内眦静脉窦静脉血3 m L,测血糖及血清胰岛素,计算IR。最后处死大鼠,取出心脏,切片HE染色,观察心肌组织病理学改变。结果:与模型组比较,益气温阳、活血利水方药能明显改善CHF大鼠IR水平(P<0.05),其中高、中剂量组较为明显;同时益气温阳、活血利水方药能改善CHF大鼠心肌细胞的损伤,高剂量组心肌细胞形态学的改变接近地高辛组。结论:益气温阳、活血利水方药能一定程度逆转大鼠CHF的IR并改善心室重构。展开更多
我科胃镜室自1988年11月以来,通过胃镜在幽门处取粘膜活组织标本检测幽门螺旋菌(HP).并在规定部位取活检作病理检查,共267例。现对结果进行分析,主要探讨 HP 与胃粘膜组织病理学改变及中医辨证分型的关系,现报告如下。临床资料一、一般...我科胃镜室自1988年11月以来,通过胃镜在幽门处取粘膜活组织标本检测幽门螺旋菌(HP).并在规定部位取活检作病理检查,共267例。现对结果进行分析,主要探讨 HP 与胃粘膜组织病理学改变及中医辨证分型的关系,现报告如下。临床资料一、一般情况 267例中男175例,女92例,年龄17～65岁。平均43.5岁。所有病例均经纤维胃镜及病理检查。展开更多
Background: Early-stagemycosis fungoides(IA, IB, IIA) (MF) has long been treated with various agents including topical potent steroids, nitrogenmustard, carmustine, oral psoralen plus UVA (PUVA)broadband UVB, electron...Background: Early-stagemycosis fungoides(IA, IB, IIA) (MF) has long been treated with various agents including topical potent steroids, nitrogenmustard, carmustine, oral psoralen plus UVA (PUVA)broadband UVB, electron-beam radiotherapy, interferon-αand retinoids. However, each of these modalities is associated with various side-effects. Narrowband UVB (NBUVB) therapy has the same effect but is safer to use than the other methods. Objective: Our purpose in this prospective study was to determine the effects of NB-UVB in early-stage MF both clinically and histopathologically. Materials andmethods: Twenty-three patients (20 men, three women, aged 27-78 years) with clinically and histologically confirmed MF were enrolled. Patients received NB-UVB therapy three times a week. Clinical and histological responses, cumulative doses, total number of treatments, side-effects and duration of remission period were noted. Results: Six patients had stage IA MF, 15 patients stage IB and two patients stage IIA. Eighteen patients had patch stage and five patients had plaque stage histopathologically. All of the patients in the patch group had a complete response (CR). In the plaque group, three patients (60%) had a CR and two (40%) had partial (PR) or no clinical response (NR). The clinical response between patch and plaque groups was statistically significant. Regarding the histopathological findings, 17 (94.4%) had complete clearing and only one (5.6%) patient had a partial improvement in the patch group. In the plaque group, one (20%) patient had complete clearing and four (80%) patients had partial or no improvement. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. In the patch group, the mean cumulative dose was 90.15 J/cm2 and the mean number of treatments was 35.33. In the plaque group, themean cumulative dosewas 90.67 J/cm2 and themean total number of treatments was 39.40. The differenceswere not statistically significant, either between the mean cumulative dose or the mean number of treatments. The mean duration of follow-up was 10.87 months (range 1-25 months). Only one of the patients had a relapse. Conclusions: NB-UVB therapy for patients with early-stage MF is an effective and safe treatment with the effect lasting for months. We suggest that clinical clearance correlates with histological improvement except for patients in the plaque stage.展开更多
Phosphatidylcholine, a lecithin extracted from soy beans, is able to lower serum cholesterol to some extent. When applied intralesionally within fat tissues, it is supposed to act as a “fat burnerg”and reduce undesi...Phosphatidylcholine, a lecithin extracted from soy beans, is able to lower serum cholesterol to some extent. When applied intralesionally within fat tissues, it is supposed to act as a “fat burnerg”and reduce undesired fat deposits. We applied intralesionally phosphatidylcholine within a lipoma of a young patient. To evaluate the volume of the lipoma sonographic imaging was performed before treatment and one month after the third application. Only a partial reduction of the lipoma could be achieved, and increased echographic density could be observed after the third intralesional application of phosphatidylcholine. Surgical excision was performed. Histologic examination showed focal fibrosis, inflammatory reaction with granulomatous features, and presence of pseudomembranous degeneration of fat tissue. Off-label intralesional use of phosphatidylcholine as “fat burner”for the reduction of aesthetically disturbing lipomas should be considered only on a case-to-case basis after careful consideration of possible undesired effects similar to those described in our patient.展开更多
Background: Involvement of the nail is quite common in psoriasis and at times may be the sole diagnostic clue. However, the histopathology of nail psoriasis has not been adequately evaluated. A confirmation of the dia...Background: Involvement of the nail is quite common in psoriasis and at times may be the sole diagnostic clue. However, the histopathology of nail psoriasis has not been adequately evaluated. A confirmation of the diagnosis is required in cases suspected to have nail psoriasis in order to plan longterm therapy. Objectives: To assess the diagnostic significance and safety profile of nail biopsy in cases with nail psoriasis. Methods: Clinical and mycological features were studied in 42 patients with nail psoriasis. Of these, 22 patients gave consent for nail biopsies to be taken and the histopathological changes were assessed. Results: Males were affected more commonly (57% ) with a peak incidence in the age group of 10- 20 years (29% ). Distal onycholysis, discoloration of nail plate, subungual hyperkeratosis and fine nail pitting were the predominant clinical features. In the 22 biopsies done, hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis (91% ) was found to be the most common and hypergranulosis was the least common histological finding (36% ). Clinicohistological correlation was possible only in 55% cases. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stainingwas done for all biopsies. Conclusions: Histopathological examination of nails is a valuable diagnostic aid, especially in the absence of skin lesions. Examination of the PAS-stained sections is necessary before making a histological diagnosis of nail psoriasis because onychomycosis and psoriasis may show similar histology.展开更多
Purpose To evaluate histopathologic signs of conjunctival in flammation in patients with conju nctival hyperemia induced by bimatoprost treatment.D esign Prospective interventional study.Methods The s tudy included 15...Purpose To evaluate histopathologic signs of conjunctival in flammation in patients with conju nctival hyperemia induced by bimatoprost treatment.D esign Prospective interventional study.Methods The s tudy included 15eyes of 15patients scheduled for cataract surgery.Pa-tients in the treatment group(n=9)exhibited trace to moderate conjunctival hyperemia when treated with bi-matoprost 0.03%every day for 15to 30days before surgery.The control group(n=6)included untreated patients with no ocular disease other than cataract.Conjunctival biopsies were obtained for histologic evalu-ation with light microscopy.Result s Vascular congestion was observed in biopsies from 7patie nts(78%)in the bimatoprost group and 5patients(83%)in the control group.Signs of inflammation were fo und in biopsies from2patients(22%)in the bimatoprost group and 2pa-tients(33%)in the control group.Conclusions Histopathologic signs of inflammation were no more fre-quent in conjunctival specimens from bimatoprost-treated patients with trace to moderate hyperemia than in those from untreated control subjects.展开更多
目的:观察苦参碱对刀豆蛋白A(Con A)性肝损伤小鼠IFN-γ和TNF-α释放及肝组织病理改变的影响. 方法:NIH小鼠48只随机分为5组,分别为正常对照组,模型组,苦参碱大剂量组(25 mg/kg),苦参碱小剂量组(12.5 mg/kg)和联苯双酯治疗组.除正常对...目的:观察苦参碱对刀豆蛋白A(Con A)性肝损伤小鼠IFN-γ和TNF-α释放及肝组织病理改变的影响. 方法:NIH小鼠48只随机分为5组,分别为正常对照组,模型组,苦参碱大剂量组(25 mg/kg),苦参碱小剂量组(12.5 mg/kg)和联苯双酯治疗组.除正常对照组外,其他组于实验首日iv Con A 20 mg/kg,苦参碱大剂量组和小剂量组均采用尾iv给药,联苯双酯组按150 mg/kg 灌胃,每天1次,连续3 d,末次给药后4 h,再次iv Con A 20 mg/kg,8 h采血检测血浆IFN-γ和TNF-α含量、ALT活性,观察肝组织病理学变化. 结果:苦参碱大剂量组、小剂量纽小鼠IFN-γ和TNF-α含量均明显低于模型组(IFN-γ:25.5±6.1 vs 69.3±33.6 ng/L,26.5±2.5 vs 69.3±33.6 ng/L,t=4.0,4.0, P<0.01;TNF-α:49.1±11.9 vs 106.7±64.4 ng/L,52.9±5.2 vs 106.7±64.4 ng/L,t=2.9,2.9,P<0.01),但与联苯双酯组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);苦参碱大、小剂量组血浆ALT活性明显低于模型组(1 086.9 ±675.8 vs 2 477.2±529.9 nkat/L、1 121.9±957.4 vs 2 477.2±529.9 nkat/L,t=5.1,3.9,P<0.01),且可明显减轻肝细胞坏死及炎性细胞浸润的肝组织病理学改变,与模型组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05). 结论:苦参碱对刀豆蛋白A性肝损伤小鼠释放IFN-γ和TNF-α有明显的抑制作用.并可显著减轻肝组织病理改变.展开更多
Background: To understand the earliest signs of cognitive decline caused by Alzheimer disease (AD) and other illnesses causing dementia, information is needed from well-characterized individuals without dementia studi...Background: To understand the earliest signs of cognitive decline caused by Alzheimer disease (AD) and other illnesses causing dementia, information is needed from well-characterized individuals without dementia studied longitudinally until autopsy. Objective: To determine clinical and cognitive features associated with the development of AD or other dementias in older adults. Design: Longitudinal study of memory and aging. Setting: Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, St Louis, Mo. Main Outcome Measures: Clinical Dementia Rating, its sum of boxes, and neuropathologic diagnosis of dementia. Participants: Eighty control participants who eventually came to autopsy. Results: Individuals who did not develop dementia showed stable cognitive performance. Entry predictors of dementia were age, deficits in problem solving as well as memory, slowed psychomotor performance, and depressive features. Minimal cognitive decline occurred prior to dementia diagnosis, after which sharp decline was noted. Even individuals who were minimally cognitively impaired (Clinical Dementia Rating=0.5) typically had neuropathologic AD at autopsy. Histopathologic AD also was present in 34%of individuals who did not have dementia at death; these individuals without dementia showed an absence of practice effects on cognitive testing. Conclusions: Increased age, depressive features, and even minimal cognitive impairment, as determined clinically by Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes and by slowed psychomotor performance, identify older individuals with out dementia who develop dementia. Older adults who do not develop dementia ha ve stable cognitive performance. The absence of practice effects may denote the subset of older adults without dementia with histopathologic AD, which may refle ct a preclinical stage of the illness.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨益气温阳、活血利水方药对充血性心力衰竭(CHF)大鼠模型胰岛素抵抗(IR)及心肌组织病理学改变的影响。方法:通过对Wistar雄性大鼠尾静脉注射盐酸阿霉素制备充血性心力衰竭大鼠模型,造模成功后将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分成模型组、西药组、方药低剂量组、方药中剂量组、方药高剂量组,连续灌胃4周后,取内眦静脉窦静脉血3 m L,测血糖及血清胰岛素,计算IR。最后处死大鼠,取出心脏,切片HE染色,观察心肌组织病理学改变。结果:与模型组比较,益气温阳、活血利水方药能明显改善CHF大鼠IR水平(P<0.05),其中高、中剂量组较为明显;同时益气温阳、活血利水方药能改善CHF大鼠心肌细胞的损伤,高剂量组心肌细胞形态学的改变接近地高辛组。结论:益气温阳、活血利水方药能一定程度逆转大鼠CHF的IR并改善心室重构。
文摘我科胃镜室自1988年11月以来,通过胃镜在幽门处取粘膜活组织标本检测幽门螺旋菌(HP).并在规定部位取活检作病理检查,共267例。现对结果进行分析,主要探讨 HP 与胃粘膜组织病理学改变及中医辨证分型的关系,现报告如下。临床资料一、一般情况 267例中男175例,女92例,年龄17～65岁。平均43.5岁。所有病例均经纤维胃镜及病理检查。
文摘Background: Early-stagemycosis fungoides(IA, IB, IIA) (MF) has long been treated with various agents including topical potent steroids, nitrogenmustard, carmustine, oral psoralen plus UVA (PUVA)broadband UVB, electron-beam radiotherapy, interferon-αand retinoids. However, each of these modalities is associated with various side-effects. Narrowband UVB (NBUVB) therapy has the same effect but is safer to use than the other methods. Objective: Our purpose in this prospective study was to determine the effects of NB-UVB in early-stage MF both clinically and histopathologically. Materials andmethods: Twenty-three patients (20 men, three women, aged 27-78 years) with clinically and histologically confirmed MF were enrolled. Patients received NB-UVB therapy three times a week. Clinical and histological responses, cumulative doses, total number of treatments, side-effects and duration of remission period were noted. Results: Six patients had stage IA MF, 15 patients stage IB and two patients stage IIA. Eighteen patients had patch stage and five patients had plaque stage histopathologically. All of the patients in the patch group had a complete response (CR). In the plaque group, three patients (60%) had a CR and two (40%) had partial (PR) or no clinical response (NR). The clinical response between patch and plaque groups was statistically significant. Regarding the histopathological findings, 17 (94.4%) had complete clearing and only one (5.6%) patient had a partial improvement in the patch group. In the plaque group, one (20%) patient had complete clearing and four (80%) patients had partial or no improvement. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. In the patch group, the mean cumulative dose was 90.15 J/cm2 and the mean number of treatments was 35.33. In the plaque group, themean cumulative dosewas 90.67 J/cm2 and themean total number of treatments was 39.40. The differenceswere not statistically significant, either between the mean cumulative dose or the mean number of treatments. The mean duration of follow-up was 10.87 months (range 1-25 months). Only one of the patients had a relapse. Conclusions: NB-UVB therapy for patients with early-stage MF is an effective and safe treatment with the effect lasting for months. We suggest that clinical clearance correlates with histological improvement except for patients in the plaque stage.
文摘Phosphatidylcholine, a lecithin extracted from soy beans, is able to lower serum cholesterol to some extent. When applied intralesionally within fat tissues, it is supposed to act as a “fat burnerg”and reduce undesired fat deposits. We applied intralesionally phosphatidylcholine within a lipoma of a young patient. To evaluate the volume of the lipoma sonographic imaging was performed before treatment and one month after the third application. Only a partial reduction of the lipoma could be achieved, and increased echographic density could be observed after the third intralesional application of phosphatidylcholine. Surgical excision was performed. Histologic examination showed focal fibrosis, inflammatory reaction with granulomatous features, and presence of pseudomembranous degeneration of fat tissue. Off-label intralesional use of phosphatidylcholine as “fat burner”for the reduction of aesthetically disturbing lipomas should be considered only on a case-to-case basis after careful consideration of possible undesired effects similar to those described in our patient.
文摘Background: Involvement of the nail is quite common in psoriasis and at times may be the sole diagnostic clue. However, the histopathology of nail psoriasis has not been adequately evaluated. A confirmation of the diagnosis is required in cases suspected to have nail psoriasis in order to plan longterm therapy. Objectives: To assess the diagnostic significance and safety profile of nail biopsy in cases with nail psoriasis. Methods: Clinical and mycological features were studied in 42 patients with nail psoriasis. Of these, 22 patients gave consent for nail biopsies to be taken and the histopathological changes were assessed. Results: Males were affected more commonly (57% ) with a peak incidence in the age group of 10- 20 years (29% ). Distal onycholysis, discoloration of nail plate, subungual hyperkeratosis and fine nail pitting were the predominant clinical features. In the 22 biopsies done, hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis (91% ) was found to be the most common and hypergranulosis was the least common histological finding (36% ). Clinicohistological correlation was possible only in 55% cases. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stainingwas done for all biopsies. Conclusions: Histopathological examination of nails is a valuable diagnostic aid, especially in the absence of skin lesions. Examination of the PAS-stained sections is necessary before making a histological diagnosis of nail psoriasis because onychomycosis and psoriasis may show similar histology.
文摘Purpose To evaluate histopathologic signs of conjunctival in flammation in patients with conju nctival hyperemia induced by bimatoprost treatment.D esign Prospective interventional study.Methods The s tudy included 15eyes of 15patients scheduled for cataract surgery.Pa-tients in the treatment group(n=9)exhibited trace to moderate conjunctival hyperemia when treated with bi-matoprost 0.03%every day for 15to 30days before surgery.The control group(n=6)included untreated patients with no ocular disease other than cataract.Conjunctival biopsies were obtained for histologic evalu-ation with light microscopy.Result s Vascular congestion was observed in biopsies from 7patie nts(78%)in the bimatoprost group and 5patients(83%)in the control group.Signs of inflammation were fo und in biopsies from2patients(22%)in the bimatoprost group and 2pa-tients(33%)in the control group.Conclusions Histopathologic signs of inflammation were no more fre-quent in conjunctival specimens from bimatoprost-treated patients with trace to moderate hyperemia than in those from untreated control subjects.
文摘目的:观察苦参碱对刀豆蛋白A(Con A)性肝损伤小鼠IFN-γ和TNF-α释放及肝组织病理改变的影响. 方法:NIH小鼠48只随机分为5组,分别为正常对照组,模型组,苦参碱大剂量组(25 mg/kg),苦参碱小剂量组(12.5 mg/kg)和联苯双酯治疗组.除正常对照组外,其他组于实验首日iv Con A 20 mg/kg,苦参碱大剂量组和小剂量组均采用尾iv给药,联苯双酯组按150 mg/kg 灌胃,每天1次,连续3 d,末次给药后4 h,再次iv Con A 20 mg/kg,8 h采血检测血浆IFN-γ和TNF-α含量、ALT活性,观察肝组织病理学变化. 结果:苦参碱大剂量组、小剂量纽小鼠IFN-γ和TNF-α含量均明显低于模型组(IFN-γ:25.5±6.1 vs 69.3±33.6 ng/L,26.5±2.5 vs 69.3±33.6 ng/L,t=4.0,4.0, P<0.01;TNF-α:49.1±11.9 vs 106.7±64.4 ng/L,52.9±5.2 vs 106.7±64.4 ng/L,t=2.9,2.9,P<0.01),但与联苯双酯组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);苦参碱大、小剂量组血浆ALT活性明显低于模型组(1 086.9 ±675.8 vs 2 477.2±529.9 nkat/L、1 121.9±957.4 vs 2 477.2±529.9 nkat/L,t=5.1,3.9,P<0.01),且可明显减轻肝细胞坏死及炎性细胞浸润的肝组织病理学改变,与模型组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05). 结论:苦参碱对刀豆蛋白A性肝损伤小鼠释放IFN-γ和TNF-α有明显的抑制作用.并可显著减轻肝组织病理改变.
文摘Background: To understand the earliest signs of cognitive decline caused by Alzheimer disease (AD) and other illnesses causing dementia, information is needed from well-characterized individuals without dementia studied longitudinally until autopsy. Objective: To determine clinical and cognitive features associated with the development of AD or other dementias in older adults. Design: Longitudinal study of memory and aging. Setting: Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, St Louis, Mo. Main Outcome Measures: Clinical Dementia Rating, its sum of boxes, and neuropathologic diagnosis of dementia. Participants: Eighty control participants who eventually came to autopsy. Results: Individuals who did not develop dementia showed stable cognitive performance. Entry predictors of dementia were age, deficits in problem solving as well as memory, slowed psychomotor performance, and depressive features. Minimal cognitive decline occurred prior to dementia diagnosis, after which sharp decline was noted. Even individuals who were minimally cognitively impaired (Clinical Dementia Rating=0.5) typically had neuropathologic AD at autopsy. Histopathologic AD also was present in 34%of individuals who did not have dementia at death; these individuals without dementia showed an absence of practice effects on cognitive testing. Conclusions: Increased age, depressive features, and even minimal cognitive impairment, as determined clinically by Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes and by slowed psychomotor performance, identify older individuals with out dementia who develop dementia. Older adults who do not develop dementia ha ve stable cognitive performance. The absence of practice effects may denote the subset of older adults without dementia with histopathologic AD, which may refle ct a preclinical stage of the illness.
