随着中国社会的老龄化,腰椎退行性疾病在患者中的发病率逐渐增加,导致如腰背痛、腰椎活动度下降以及下肢感觉和运动功能异常等一系列问题。近年来,水介质单通道脊柱内镜下腰椎椎间融合术(以下简称“镜下融合”)逐渐受到重视。这种技术...随着中国社会的老龄化,腰椎退行性疾病在患者中的发病率逐渐增加,导致如腰背痛、腰椎活动度下降以及下肢感觉和运动功能异常等一系列问题。近年来,水介质单通道脊柱内镜下腰椎椎间融合术(以下简称“镜下融合”)逐渐受到重视。这种技术的优势在于能够使用常规手术器械,具备清晰的镜下视野和较大的操作角度,同时对椎旁肌肉的损伤较小,减少了对多裂肌的过度剥离,术后能够更好地维持脊柱及运动系统的稳定性,从而帮助患者更早恢复正常生活。基于这些优点,镜下融合得到了快速发展。本研究将对近年来镜下融合的研究进展进行综述。With the aging of society in China, the incidence of lumbar degenerative diseases is increasing gradually, which leads to a series of problems, such as low back pain, decreased lumbar mobility and abnormal sensory and motor functions of lower limbs. In recent years, the water-based single channel endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (hereinafter referred to as “endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion”) has been paid more and more attention. The advantage of this technique is that it can use conventional surgical instruments, and has a clear field of vision under the microscope and a large operating angle. At the same time, it has less damage to paraspinal muscles, reduces excessive peeling of multifidus muscles, and can better maintain the stability of the spine and motor system after surgery, thus helping patients to return to normal life earlier. Based on these advantages, the endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion has developed rapidly. This study will summarize the research progress of the endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion in recent years.展开更多
文摘目的:比较后入路腰椎椎体间融合术(posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF)和经皮内镜下经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术(percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,PE-TLIF)治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症的临床疗效及其对椎旁肌的影响。方法:本前瞻性研究纳入本院2019年1月~2022年1月收治的52例L4/5单节段腰椎管狭窄症患者。其中,PLIF组22例,女性10例,男性12例,年龄60.2±10.3岁;PE-TLIF组30例,女性14例,男性16例,年龄60.4±12.3岁。对比两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、术后卧床时间等围手术期指标;比较术前与术后1d及1周血清肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK),术前与术后6个月及12个月多裂肌(multifidus,MF)横截面积(cross-sectional area,CSA)、脂肪浸润(fatty infiltration,FI)评分及肌肉CT密度等椎旁肌评估指标;比较两组患者术前、术后1d、1周、6个月及12个月腰痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale on low back pain,VAS-LBP)、腿痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale on leg pain,VAS-LP)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)。对两组术后并发症发生情况进行比较,术后12个月根据Bridwell标准评估两组椎间融合情况。结果:PE-TLIF组与PLIF组手术时间(211.2±38.5min vs 98.9±31.6min,P=0.000)、术后卧床时间(25.9±8.3h vs 52.4±14.8h,P=0.001)、术中失血量(112.8±79.6mL vs 232.5±122.5mL,P=0.002)、术后引流量(46.5±28.2mL vs 283.6±142.1mL,P=0.000)相比,差异均具有统计学意义。PE-TLIF组与PLIF组术前、术后6个月及12个月目标节段MF CSA组间比较均无明显差异(P>0.05),两组术前与术后6个月及12个月的目标节段MF CSA组内比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。PE-TLIF组与PLIF组术前、术后6个月目标节段MF FI评分组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05),术后12个月,PLIF组目标节段MF FI评分较PE-TLIF组高,差异具有统计学意义[3.0(3.0,4.0)vs 3.0(2.8,3.0),P=0.031];PE-TLIF组术前与术后6个月、12个月目标节段MF FI评分组内比较无明显差异(P>0.05),PLIF组术前与术后6个月目标节段MF FI评分组内比较未发现明显差异(P=0.257),而术前与术后12个月比较,差异具有统计学意义[3.0(2.0,3.3)vs 3.0(3.0,4.0),P=0.016]。术前、术后6个月两组患者MF CT密度相比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。术后12个月,PLIF组目标节段MF密度明显降低,差异具有统计学意义[PE-TLIF:34.2(31.8,36.9)HU;PLIF:30.5(28.5,32.1)HU,P=0.000]。组内比较,PE-TLIF组术前与术后6个月、12个月目标节段MF肌肉密度比较差异无显著统计学意义(P>0.05)。PLIF组术前与术后6个月目标节段MF CT密度比较,未发现明显差异(P=0.516),术后12个月较术前明显升高,差异具有统计学意义[34.6(30.5,36.4)HU vs 30.5(28.5,32.5)HU,P=0.017]。PE-TLIF组与PLIF组术前CK值无明显差异(P=0.712)。术后1d、7d,PE-TLIF组CK值低于PLIF组(P<0.05)。PE-TLIF组与PLIF组患者术后随访VAS-LP、VAS-LBP评分以及ODI均优于术前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1d、7d,PE-TLIF组VAS-LBP评分表现优于PLIF组(P<0.05)。术后6个月、12个月,两组患者的VAS-LBP评分比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。两组患者的VAS-LP评分以及ODI在随访时无明显差异(P>0.05)。两组患者术后并发症发生率比较无统计学差异(P=0.379),术后12个月两组患者椎间融合情况比较无统计学差异(P=0.877)。结论:PE-TLIF治疗单节段腰椎管狭窄症可获得与传统PLIF手术相同的临床疗效,且减小了对椎旁肌的影响,可减轻手术创伤。
文摘随着中国社会的老龄化,腰椎退行性疾病在患者中的发病率逐渐增加,导致如腰背痛、腰椎活动度下降以及下肢感觉和运动功能异常等一系列问题。近年来,水介质单通道脊柱内镜下腰椎椎间融合术(以下简称“镜下融合”)逐渐受到重视。这种技术的优势在于能够使用常规手术器械,具备清晰的镜下视野和较大的操作角度,同时对椎旁肌肉的损伤较小,减少了对多裂肌的过度剥离,术后能够更好地维持脊柱及运动系统的稳定性,从而帮助患者更早恢复正常生活。基于这些优点,镜下融合得到了快速发展。本研究将对近年来镜下融合的研究进展进行综述。With the aging of society in China, the incidence of lumbar degenerative diseases is increasing gradually, which leads to a series of problems, such as low back pain, decreased lumbar mobility and abnormal sensory and motor functions of lower limbs. In recent years, the water-based single channel endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (hereinafter referred to as “endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion”) has been paid more and more attention. The advantage of this technique is that it can use conventional surgical instruments, and has a clear field of vision under the microscope and a large operating angle. At the same time, it has less damage to paraspinal muscles, reduces excessive peeling of multifidus muscles, and can better maintain the stability of the spine and motor system after surgery, thus helping patients to return to normal life earlier. Based on these advantages, the endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion has developed rapidly. This study will summarize the research progress of the endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion in recent years.
