信用卡从物理结构上划分,可以分为磁卡和 IC 卡两大类。作为信用卡的一种新型的业务载体,IC 卡有诸多的优点:安全、容量大、寿命长、可脱机处理等,IC 卡由此也成为未来信用卡发展的强劲趋势。但目前 IC 卡也有其缺憾之处,那就是 IC 卡...信用卡从物理结构上划分,可以分为磁卡和 IC 卡两大类。作为信用卡的一种新型的业务载体,IC 卡有诸多的优点:安全、容量大、寿命长、可脱机处理等,IC 卡由此也成为未来信用卡发展的强劲趋势。但目前 IC 卡也有其缺憾之处,那就是 IC 卡在金融应用方面尚未形成一个成熟的国际运作规范,它不象磁卡那样有一套完整的业务及技术标准。可见,要顺应历史发展方向,推行信用卡 IC 技术。展开更多
Atomicity and anonymity are desirable properties for reliable and security e-Cash transaction and the guarantee of the participants’ interests. But there are conflicts between these two properties. In this paper, an ...Atomicity and anonymity are desirable properties for reliable and security e-Cash transaction and the guarantee of the participants’ interests. But there are conflicts between these two properties. In this paper, an atomic and anonymous e-Cash transaction protocol with off-line TTP (Trust Third Party) based on the extended CEMBS is presented. The novel protocol is analyzed for its atomicity and anonymity. The results of the analysis show that it not only provides atomicity and anonymity under unreliable communication and dishonest participants, but also features high efficiency and practicability. The new protocol also avoids transaction from an ambiguous state. Furthermore, it will be referenced often for the application of the atomic e-Cash transaction protocol.展开更多
Detoxification of chlorinated organic compounds via reaction with nickel/iron powder was implemented in aqueous solution. Compared to iron, nickel/iron bimetallic powder had higher hydrodechlorination activities for b...Detoxification of chlorinated organic compounds via reaction with nickel/iron powder was implemented in aqueous solution. Compared to iron, nickel/iron bimetallic powder had higher hydrodechlorination activities for both atrazine (ATR) and p-chlorophenol (pCP); nickel/iron (2.96%, w/w) was shown to have the largest specific surface area and the optimum proportion for the dechlorination of both ATR and pCP. Electrochemical measurements showed that the adsorbed hydrogen atom on the nickel must have been the dominant reductive agent for the dechlorination of both ATR andpCP in this system.展开更多
Based on the Residual Oil Hydrodesulfurization Treatment Unit (S-RHT), the n-order reaction kinetic model for residual oil HDS reactions and artificial neural network (ANN) model were developed to determine the sulfur...Based on the Residual Oil Hydrodesulfurization Treatment Unit (S-RHT), the n-order reaction kinetic model for residual oil HDS reactions and artificial neural network (ANN) model were developed to determine the sulfur content of hydrogenated residual oil. The established ANN model covered 4 input variables, 1 output variable and 1 hidden layer with 15 neurons. The comparison between the results of two models was listed. The results showed that the predicted mean relative errors of the two models with three different sample data were less than 5% and both the two models had good predictive precision and extrapolative feature for the HDS process. The mean relative error of 5 sets of testing data of the ANN model was 1.62%—3.23%, all of which were smaller than that of the common mechanism model (3.47%— 4.13%). It showed that the ANN model was better than the mechanism model both in terms of fitting results and fitting difficulty. The models could be easily applied in practice and could also provide a reference for the further research of residual oil HDS process.展开更多
文摘信用卡从物理结构上划分,可以分为磁卡和 IC 卡两大类。作为信用卡的一种新型的业务载体,IC 卡有诸多的优点:安全、容量大、寿命长、可脱机处理等,IC 卡由此也成为未来信用卡发展的强劲趋势。但目前 IC 卡也有其缺憾之处,那就是 IC 卡在金融应用方面尚未形成一个成熟的国际运作规范,它不象磁卡那样有一套完整的业务及技术标准。可见,要顺应历史发展方向,推行信用卡 IC 技术。
文摘Atomicity and anonymity are desirable properties for reliable and security e-Cash transaction and the guarantee of the participants’ interests. But there are conflicts between these two properties. In this paper, an atomic and anonymous e-Cash transaction protocol with off-line TTP (Trust Third Party) based on the extended CEMBS is presented. The novel protocol is analyzed for its atomicity and anonymity. The results of the analysis show that it not only provides atomicity and anonymity under unreliable communication and dishonest participants, but also features high efficiency and practicability. The new protocol also avoids transaction from an ambiguous state. Furthermore, it will be referenced often for the application of the atomic e-Cash transaction protocol.
基金Project (No. 30270767) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Detoxification of chlorinated organic compounds via reaction with nickel/iron powder was implemented in aqueous solution. Compared to iron, nickel/iron bimetallic powder had higher hydrodechlorination activities for both atrazine (ATR) and p-chlorophenol (pCP); nickel/iron (2.96%, w/w) was shown to have the largest specific surface area and the optimum proportion for the dechlorination of both ATR and pCP. Electrochemical measurements showed that the adsorbed hydrogen atom on the nickel must have been the dominant reductive agent for the dechlorination of both ATR andpCP in this system.
文摘Based on the Residual Oil Hydrodesulfurization Treatment Unit (S-RHT), the n-order reaction kinetic model for residual oil HDS reactions and artificial neural network (ANN) model were developed to determine the sulfur content of hydrogenated residual oil. The established ANN model covered 4 input variables, 1 output variable and 1 hidden layer with 15 neurons. The comparison between the results of two models was listed. The results showed that the predicted mean relative errors of the two models with three different sample data were less than 5% and both the two models had good predictive precision and extrapolative feature for the HDS process. The mean relative error of 5 sets of testing data of the ANN model was 1.62%—3.23%, all of which were smaller than that of the common mechanism model (3.47%— 4.13%). It showed that the ANN model was better than the mechanism model both in terms of fitting results and fitting difficulty. The models could be easily applied in practice and could also provide a reference for the further research of residual oil HDS process.
