目的探究膳食维生素作为整体其与高血压之间的关系,为我国居民高血压防治膳食指导提供科学依据。方法分析中国健康和营养研究(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS,1997-2011)的数据,依据平均需要量(estimated average requirements...目的探究膳食维生素作为整体其与高血压之间的关系,为我国居民高血压防治膳食指导提供科学依据。方法分析中国健康和营养研究(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS,1997-2011)的数据,依据平均需要量(estimated average requirements,EAR)对每种膳食维生素摄入是否充足进行判定,求得维生素摄入充足的种类数量(number of types of vitamins with adequate intakes,NTVAI),采用Logistic回归模型分析其与高血压之间的关系。结果 NTVAI的数量增加,高血压的患病风险下降(Ptrend=0.002),当NTVAI的数量超过6种时,高血压的患病风险显著下降约15%-28%,且这一关系与钠摄入是否过量无关。结论维生素摄入充足的种类数量(NTVAI)越多,高血压的患病率越低。因此,为预防和降低高血压的发生,膳食维生素摄入应达到整体充足水平。[营养学报,2021,43(1):32-35]展开更多
Different amounts of vitamin C were added to diets fed to juveniles （2.5＋0.15 g） of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus （Selenka） in an attempt to reduce the stress response of specimens exposed to nitrite stress...Different amounts of vitamin C were added to diets fed to juveniles （2.5＋0.15 g） of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus （Selenka） in an attempt to reduce the stress response of specimens exposed to nitrite stress. A commercial feed was used as the control diet and three experimental diets were made by supplementing 1 000, 1 500, or 2 000 mg vitamin C/kg diet to control diet separately in a 45-day experiment. Sea cucumbers were exposed to three different levels （0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/L） of nitrite stress for 4, 8, and 12 h at four time intervals （0, 15, 30, and 45 d）. Growth of the animals was recorded during the experiment. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） （i.e. hydroxyl free radical （-OH）, malondialdehyde （MDA） and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）） and antioxidant enzyme activities （i.e., superoxide dismutase （SOD） and eatalase （CAT）） were measured. Response surface methodology （RSM） was used to analyze the effect of multiple factors on ROS indices and enzyme activities. Weight gain （WG） and special growth rate （SGR） of vitamin C supplementation groups were significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.05）. The levels of-OH and MDA increased under exposure time extending and nitrite concentration increasing, whereas T-AOC level decreased. SOD and CAT activities increased at 4 h and 8 h and decreased at 12 h. During the days in which the animal consumed experimental diets, the levels of-OH and MDA decreased and that of T-AOC increased. This result suggests that diets containing vitamin C could reduce the nitrite stress response in the animals and increase their antioxidant capacity. The multifactor regression equation of growth performance, ROS indices, and duration of feeding results suggest that vitamin C supplementation of 1 400-2 000 mg/kg diet for 29-35 days could reduce effectively the effects of nitrite exposure.展开更多
文摘目的探究膳食维生素作为整体其与高血压之间的关系,为我国居民高血压防治膳食指导提供科学依据。方法分析中国健康和营养研究(China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS,1997-2011)的数据,依据平均需要量(estimated average requirements,EAR)对每种膳食维生素摄入是否充足进行判定,求得维生素摄入充足的种类数量(number of types of vitamins with adequate intakes,NTVAI),采用Logistic回归模型分析其与高血压之间的关系。结果 NTVAI的数量增加,高血压的患病风险下降(Ptrend=0.002),当NTVAI的数量超过6种时,高血压的患病风险显著下降约15%-28%,且这一关系与钠摄入是否过量无关。结论维生素摄入充足的种类数量(NTVAI)越多,高血压的患病率越低。因此,为预防和降低高血压的发生,膳食维生素摄入应达到整体充足水平。[营养学报,2021,43(1):32-35]
基金Supported by the Main Direction Program of Knowledge Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX2-EWQ215)
文摘Different amounts of vitamin C were added to diets fed to juveniles （2.5＋0.15 g） of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus （Selenka） in an attempt to reduce the stress response of specimens exposed to nitrite stress. A commercial feed was used as the control diet and three experimental diets were made by supplementing 1 000, 1 500, or 2 000 mg vitamin C/kg diet to control diet separately in a 45-day experiment. Sea cucumbers were exposed to three different levels （0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/L） of nitrite stress for 4, 8, and 12 h at four time intervals （0, 15, 30, and 45 d）. Growth of the animals was recorded during the experiment. Reactive oxygen species （ROS） （i.e. hydroxyl free radical （-OH）, malondialdehyde （MDA） and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC）） and antioxidant enzyme activities （i.e., superoxide dismutase （SOD） and eatalase （CAT）） were measured. Response surface methodology （RSM） was used to analyze the effect of multiple factors on ROS indices and enzyme activities. Weight gain （WG） and special growth rate （SGR） of vitamin C supplementation groups were significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.05）. The levels of-OH and MDA increased under exposure time extending and nitrite concentration increasing, whereas T-AOC level decreased. SOD and CAT activities increased at 4 h and 8 h and decreased at 12 h. During the days in which the animal consumed experimental diets, the levels of-OH and MDA decreased and that of T-AOC increased. This result suggests that diets containing vitamin C could reduce the nitrite stress response in the animals and increase their antioxidant capacity. The multifactor regression equation of growth performance, ROS indices, and duration of feeding results suggest that vitamin C supplementation of 1 400-2 000 mg/kg diet for 29-35 days could reduce effectively the effects of nitrite exposure.
