The early twenty-first century witnessed the publication of the book series Zhongguo kexue jishu shi中国科学技术史(History of science and technology in pre-modern China),which was initiated and organized by the Instit...The early twenty-first century witnessed the publication of the book series Zhongguo kexue jishu shi中国科学技术史(History of science and technology in pre-modern China),which was initiated and organized by the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and compiled by a multitude of Chinese scholars.In comparison with Science and Civilisation in China by Dr.Joseph Needham,Zhongguo kexue jishu shi is superior in the layout characteristics,literature collection,research and explication,field investigation,and simulation experiments.展开更多
The lifeworld is, according to Husserl, the horizon of all our experiences, in the sense that it is the background environment of human being＇s competences, practices, and attitudes. The lifewofld is the intersubject...The lifeworld is, according to Husserl, the horizon of all our experiences, in the sense that it is the background environment of human being＇s competences, practices, and attitudes. The lifewofld is the intersubjective, pre-given in the ontie sense, and immediately perceived world of everyday life. Although Husserl has distinguished the lifeworld from the objective world that natural science describes with mathematical methods, we cannot divide the world on the practical level into the perceived world of ordinary life and the scientific world. The characteristic of human beings is that they live in the environment which they have enormously changed. Modem science has accelerated this tendency： the contemporary world is constructed so deeply scientifically and technologically. Accordingly, as Ulrich Beck pointed out, the risk of the technologically constructed world is often invisible/unperceivable. The disaster at Fukushima nuclear power plants is a terrible testament of this kind of risk. In order for a land to become the lifeworld of meaningful human interactions, the land should be first of all safe and livable for all of us. The risk calculation made by Tokyo Electric Power Company was shown to be sloppy and deceptive. The contemporary techno-science should be democratically governed and watched by all kinds of stakeholders, and never be left it to the specialists of science. For re-establishing the livable and sustainable lifeworld, safety, resilience, and vulnerability should be the fundamental values. And, the autonomy of the local residents, including the most vulnerable people, through the democratization of the techno-science must be the fundamental value to establish and protect such a safe environment.展开更多
The 10^th5-year Plan for National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC）for fostering competent research teams and highly qualified scholars in fundamental research in glaciology and geocryology was based on the ...The 10^th5-year Plan for National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC）for fostering competent research teams and highly qualified scholars in fundamental research in glaciology and geocryology was based on the strategy of incubating ＂competitive, problem-solving oriented and motivated fledgling scientists,who can effectively lead and greatly advance the aimed subjects and conduct the cutting edge research＂.This principle has been playing crucial roles in restructuring the team aiming at world-first-class research projects and at solving critical problems in national key projects.It was under the guidance of this strategy that the key research team for mitigating the challenging and differential frost and thaw hazards along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway（QTR）had been formed,that a strong group focused on the cryosphere （snow, ice and permafrost）000research was restablished and enhanced.These accomplishments have facilitated the formation and growth of highly motivated competitive research teams on comprehensive and integrated fundamental research,which promoted,intensified,and expanded the research programs in glaciology and geocryology.展开更多
Science of Complexity is a newly emerging branch of natural science. Althoughwe still haven't a precise definition, there are some principles for justifying whether a systemis a complex system. The purpose of this...Science of Complexity is a newly emerging branch of natural science. Althoughwe still haven't a precise definition, there are some principles for justifying whether a systemis a complex system. The purpose of this article is to reveal some of such principles. Onthe basis of them, the concept of a system with complexity is proposed. They may helpus to distinguish a real complex system from complicated objects in common sense. Thenwe propose some fundamental problems faced by the study of systems with complexity.展开更多
文摘The early twenty-first century witnessed the publication of the book series Zhongguo kexue jishu shi中国科学技术史(History of science and technology in pre-modern China),which was initiated and organized by the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and compiled by a multitude of Chinese scholars.In comparison with Science and Civilisation in China by Dr.Joseph Needham,Zhongguo kexue jishu shi is superior in the layout characteristics,literature collection,research and explication,field investigation,and simulation experiments.
文摘The lifeworld is, according to Husserl, the horizon of all our experiences, in the sense that it is the background environment of human being＇s competences, practices, and attitudes. The lifewofld is the intersubjective, pre-given in the ontie sense, and immediately perceived world of everyday life. Although Husserl has distinguished the lifeworld from the objective world that natural science describes with mathematical methods, we cannot divide the world on the practical level into the perceived world of ordinary life and the scientific world. The characteristic of human beings is that they live in the environment which they have enormously changed. Modem science has accelerated this tendency： the contemporary world is constructed so deeply scientifically and technologically. Accordingly, as Ulrich Beck pointed out, the risk of the technologically constructed world is often invisible/unperceivable. The disaster at Fukushima nuclear power plants is a terrible testament of this kind of risk. In order for a land to become the lifeworld of meaningful human interactions, the land should be first of all safe and livable for all of us. The risk calculation made by Tokyo Electric Power Company was shown to be sloppy and deceptive. The contemporary techno-science should be democratically governed and watched by all kinds of stakeholders, and never be left it to the specialists of science. For re-establishing the livable and sustainable lifeworld, safety, resilience, and vulnerability should be the fundamental values. And, the autonomy of the local residents, including the most vulnerable people, through the democratization of the techno-science must be the fundamental value to establish and protect such a safe environment.
文摘The 10^th5-year Plan for National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC）for fostering competent research teams and highly qualified scholars in fundamental research in glaciology and geocryology was based on the strategy of incubating ＂competitive, problem-solving oriented and motivated fledgling scientists,who can effectively lead and greatly advance the aimed subjects and conduct the cutting edge research＂.This principle has been playing crucial roles in restructuring the team aiming at world-first-class research projects and at solving critical problems in national key projects.It was under the guidance of this strategy that the key research team for mitigating the challenging and differential frost and thaw hazards along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway（QTR）had been formed,that a strong group focused on the cryosphere （snow, ice and permafrost）000research was restablished and enhanced.These accomplishments have facilitated the formation and growth of highly motivated competitive research teams on comprehensive and integrated fundamental research,which promoted,intensified,and expanded the research programs in glaciology and geocryology.
基金This research is partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(G1998020308)
文摘Science of Complexity is a newly emerging branch of natural science. Althoughwe still haven't a precise definition, there are some principles for justifying whether a systemis a complex system. The purpose of this article is to reveal some of such principles. Onthe basis of them, the concept of a system with complexity is proposed. They may helpus to distinguish a real complex system from complicated objects in common sense. Thenwe propose some fundamental problems faced by the study of systems with complexity.
