A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) on soil microorganisms and the availability of pH characterization medium in BIOLOG plates. Application of TTC decrea...A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) on soil microorganisms and the availability of pH characterization medium in BIOLOG plates. Application of TTC decreased the color development sharply and resulted in a great biocidal effect on the growth and reproduction of soil microorganisms, indicating that TTC can affect the discrimination on soil microbial community. The microtitration plates with 21 carbon sources and two different pH levels (4.7 and 7.0) were used to determine microbial community structure of eight red soils. The average utilization (average well colour development) of the carbon sources in the plates with different pH levels generally followed the same sigmoidal pattern as that in the traditional BIOLOG plates, but the pH 4.7 plates increased the discrimination of this technique, compared with the pH 7.0 plates. Since most tested soils are acid, it seemed that it’s better to use a suitable pH characterization medium for a specific soil in the sole carbon source test.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the hepatoprotective roles of (Z)- 5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (SKLB010) against carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced acute and chronic liver injury and its underlying mecha...AIM: To evaluate the hepatoprotective roles of (Z)- 5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (SKLB010) against carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced acute and chronic liver injury and its underlying mecha- nisms of action.展开更多
Diphenyl-tetrazole-5-thione has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and FTIR spectra. The extended MO calculations by using density functional theory (DFT) and self-consistent field molecu...Diphenyl-tetrazole-5-thione has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and FTIR spectra. The extended MO calculations by using density functional theory (DFT) and self-consistent field molecular orbital Hartree-Fock theory with 6-31gG* basis set were carried out. The optimized structure and atomic charge distributions have been investi- gated, showing the exocyclic sulfur atom has the biggest negative charge value and this site is the most likely site of protonation and methylation as well as the potential coordination site with metallic ions. The predicted harmonic vibration frequencies are compared to the experimental values. On the basis of vibrational analyses, the thermodynamic properties of this compound at different temperature have been calculated, revealing the correlations between C0p, m, S0m, H0m and temperature.展开更多
The title compound (C20H15ClN4O, Mr = 362.81) was synthesized by the reaction of ethyl 2-cyano-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-acylate with 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole under microwave irradiation and its structure was dete...The title compound (C20H15ClN4O, Mr = 362.81) was synthesized by the reaction of ethyl 2-cyano-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-acylate with 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole under microwave irradiation and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 8.8192(19), b = 15.976(3), c = 13.094(3) ? = 103.074(4), V = 1797.1(7) ?, Z = 4, Dc = 1.341 g/cm3, = 0.229 mm-1, F(000) = 752, R = 0.0632 and wR = 0.1278. X-ray analysis reveals that the pyridine ring adopts an envelope conformation. The dihedral angle between the pyrazole and pyridine planes is 2.19, and inter- molecular hydrogen bonds are also observed in the molecule.展开更多
A series of new complex salts of the type [R]2[MC14] where R =[Ph-C=n-N-Ph N=N-Ph],M = Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ wereprepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR and UVNis is spec...A series of new complex salts of the type [R]2[MC14] where R =[Ph-C=n-N-Ph N=N-Ph],M = Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ wereprepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR and UVNis is spectral studies and magnetic measurements.The crystal structure of[Ph-C=n-N-Ph N=N-Ph]2[CuCl4] was determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The structure consisted of anion part and a 2,3,5-(triphenyl) tetrazolium cation as counter ions. The copper complex has a distorted tetrahedral geometry, the CI(1)-Cu-CI(2) [124.33 (2°)] and Cl(3)-Cu-Cl(4) [131.03 (2°)] angles are significantly larger than the ideal tetrahedral. The [CuCI4] anion and its counter ions are connected through a hydrogen bonds between C1 of the dianion and hetero aromatic rings by Cl-π, π-π and C-H … π, interactions.展开更多
Microwave irradiation of aromatic aldehyde and 2,4-thiazolidinedione provides a fast and high-yield access to 5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione. Seven 3-alkyl-5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione compounds were produ...Microwave irradiation of aromatic aldehyde and 2,4-thiazolidinedione provides a fast and high-yield access to 5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione. Seven 3-alkyl-5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione compounds were produced with high yield by reacting 5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione with different alkylating agents under microwave irradiation.展开更多
Aims Exposure of Eucalyptus tree stems to the radiant heat of forest fires can kill cambial cells and their embedded regenerative meristems,thus preventing epicormic resprouting and recovery of the tree.Currently,ther...Aims Exposure of Eucalyptus tree stems to the radiant heat of forest fires can kill cambial cells and their embedded regenerative meristems,thus preventing epicormic resprouting and recovery of the tree.Currently,there is no tissue-level method to quantify the viability of cambial cells in Eucalyptus following heat exposure.The first aim of this study was to adapt and validate the tetrazolium reduction method of testing for cell viability in Eucalyptus.The second aim was to apply the method to establish a threshold level of cambium cell viability in Eucalyptus obliqua to enable the identification of a critical temperature.Methods The study used the tetrazolium reduction method to quantitatively determine phloem-cambium cell viability in Eucalyptus.Circular sections of bark with underlying phloem and cambium were cut from mature E.obliqua and samples ranging in mass from 1 to 30 mg were exposed for 1 min to temperature treatments ranging from 20 to 85℃and kept for 20-22 h at room temperature in 0.8%2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC)to test for cell viability.The 1,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium formazan(TPF)formed was cold extracted with ethanol and quantified as absorbance at 485 nm.Important Findings The TTC reduction method reliably quantified a decline in cell viability with rising temperature in tissue sections that included vascular cambium,and identified 60℃as the critical temperature for cambium-phloem cells of Eucalyptus species.Cell viability,calculated as[TPF Treatment℃]/[TPF 20℃],decli ned by 90%between 20 and 85℃.The cell viability results con firmed that significant tissue necrosis occurred in Eucalyptus at temperatures between 50 and 70℃,after 1 min of in vitro tissue heating.The decline in cell viability with increasing temperature shown by the TTC method was consistent with an independently derived count of live cells following temperature treatment and neutral red staining.展开更多
An inexpensive material, i.e., tetranuclear zinc(Ⅱ) complex, (Zn40(A/D)6) [AID = 7-azaindolate], was utilized as a cathode buffer in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, leading to the improvement of device pe...An inexpensive material, i.e., tetranuclear zinc(Ⅱ) complex, (Zn40(A/D)6) [AID = 7-azaindolate], was utilized as a cathode buffer in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, leading to the improvement of device performance. Compared to OPV devices based on a conventional cathode buffer of TPBi (1,3,5-tris(2-N-phenylbenzimidazolyl)benzene), although the freshly prepared devices showed similar performance, when heated to a series of high temperatures under air, the short circuit current and the open circuit voltage of the Zn40(AID)6 devices dropped more slowly, indicating the superiority of using Zn40(AID)6 as a cathode buffer over TPBi in OPV devices.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Science and Technology Development Bureau of European Union (CI1*-CT93-0009), by the National Natural S
文摘A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) on soil microorganisms and the availability of pH characterization medium in BIOLOG plates. Application of TTC decreased the color development sharply and resulted in a great biocidal effect on the growth and reproduction of soil microorganisms, indicating that TTC can affect the discrimination on soil microbial community. The microtitration plates with 21 carbon sources and two different pH levels (4.7 and 7.0) were used to determine microbial community structure of eight red soils. The average utilization (average well colour development) of the carbon sources in the plates with different pH levels generally followed the same sigmoidal pattern as that in the traditional BIOLOG plates, but the pH 4.7 plates increased the discrimination of this technique, compared with the pH 7.0 plates. Since most tested soils are acid, it seemed that it’s better to use a suitable pH characterization medium for a specific soil in the sole carbon source test.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Key Technologies R and D Program of the 11th five-year plan,No.2009ZX09501-015
文摘AIM: To evaluate the hepatoprotective roles of (Z)- 5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (SKLB010) against carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced acute and chronic liver injury and its underlying mecha- nisms of action.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50372028) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (03KJD150053)
文摘Diphenyl-tetrazole-5-thione has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and FTIR spectra. The extended MO calculations by using density functional theory (DFT) and self-consistent field molecular orbital Hartree-Fock theory with 6-31gG* basis set were carried out. The optimized structure and atomic charge distributions have been investi- gated, showing the exocyclic sulfur atom has the biggest negative charge value and this site is the most likely site of protonation and methylation as well as the potential coordination site with metallic ions. The predicted harmonic vibration frequencies are compared to the experimental values. On the basis of vibrational analyses, the thermodynamic properties of this compound at different temperature have been calculated, revealing the correlations between C0p, m, S0m, H0m and temperature.
基金This work was supported by the NNSFC (No. 20372057) the NSF of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2001142)+2 种基金 the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Suzhou University (No. S
文摘The title compound (C20H15ClN4O, Mr = 362.81) was synthesized by the reaction of ethyl 2-cyano-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-acylate with 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole under microwave irradiation and its structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 8.8192(19), b = 15.976(3), c = 13.094(3) ? = 103.074(4), V = 1797.1(7) ?, Z = 4, Dc = 1.341 g/cm3, = 0.229 mm-1, F(000) = 752, R = 0.0632 and wR = 0.1278. X-ray analysis reveals that the pyridine ring adopts an envelope conformation. The dihedral angle between the pyrazole and pyridine planes is 2.19, and inter- molecular hydrogen bonds are also observed in the molecule.
文摘A series of new complex salts of the type [R]2[MC14] where R =[Ph-C=n-N-Ph N=N-Ph],M = Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ wereprepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR and UVNis is spectral studies and magnetic measurements.The crystal structure of[Ph-C=n-N-Ph N=N-Ph]2[CuCl4] was determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The structure consisted of anion part and a 2,3,5-(triphenyl) tetrazolium cation as counter ions. The copper complex has a distorted tetrahedral geometry, the CI(1)-Cu-CI(2) [124.33 (2°)] and Cl(3)-Cu-Cl(4) [131.03 (2°)] angles are significantly larger than the ideal tetrahedral. The [CuCI4] anion and its counter ions are connected through a hydrogen bonds between C1 of the dianion and hetero aromatic rings by Cl-π, π-π and C-H … π, interactions.
文摘Microwave irradiation of aromatic aldehyde and 2,4-thiazolidinedione provides a fast and high-yield access to 5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione. Seven 3-alkyl-5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione compounds were produced with high yield by reacting 5-benzylidene-2,4-thiazolidinedione with different alkylating agents under microwave irradiation.
文摘Aims Exposure of Eucalyptus tree stems to the radiant heat of forest fires can kill cambial cells and their embedded regenerative meristems,thus preventing epicormic resprouting and recovery of the tree.Currently,there is no tissue-level method to quantify the viability of cambial cells in Eucalyptus following heat exposure.The first aim of this study was to adapt and validate the tetrazolium reduction method of testing for cell viability in Eucalyptus.The second aim was to apply the method to establish a threshold level of cambium cell viability in Eucalyptus obliqua to enable the identification of a critical temperature.Methods The study used the tetrazolium reduction method to quantitatively determine phloem-cambium cell viability in Eucalyptus.Circular sections of bark with underlying phloem and cambium were cut from mature E.obliqua and samples ranging in mass from 1 to 30 mg were exposed for 1 min to temperature treatments ranging from 20 to 85℃and kept for 20-22 h at room temperature in 0.8%2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC)to test for cell viability.The 1,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium formazan(TPF)formed was cold extracted with ethanol and quantified as absorbance at 485 nm.Important Findings The TTC reduction method reliably quantified a decline in cell viability with rising temperature in tissue sections that included vascular cambium,and identified 60℃as the critical temperature for cambium-phloem cells of Eucalyptus species.Cell viability,calculated as[TPF Treatment℃]/[TPF 20℃],decli ned by 90%between 20 and 85℃.The cell viability results con firmed that significant tissue necrosis occurred in Eucalyptus at temperatures between 50 and 70℃,after 1 min of in vitro tissue heating.The decline in cell viability with increasing temperature shown by the TTC method was consistent with an independently derived count of live cells following temperature treatment and neutral red staining.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20974046,61077021,61076016)New Century Excellent Talents funding from Ministry of Education in China(NCET-08-0697)National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2009CB930600)
文摘An inexpensive material, i.e., tetranuclear zinc(Ⅱ) complex, (Zn40(A/D)6) [AID = 7-azaindolate], was utilized as a cathode buffer in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, leading to the improvement of device performance. Compared to OPV devices based on a conventional cathode buffer of TPBi (1,3,5-tris(2-N-phenylbenzimidazolyl)benzene), although the freshly prepared devices showed similar performance, when heated to a series of high temperatures under air, the short circuit current and the open circuit voltage of the Zn40(AID)6 devices dropped more slowly, indicating the superiority of using Zn40(AID)6 as a cathode buffer over TPBi in OPV devices.