The effects of extracts from five Albizia （Fabaceae） endemic species from Madagascar （A. arenicola, A. boivini, A. bernieri, A. polyphylla and A. tulearensis） were tested on vegetable seedling development. Crude e...The effects of extracts from five Albizia （Fabaceae） endemic species from Madagascar （A. arenicola, A. boivini, A. bernieri, A. polyphylla and A. tulearensis） were tested on vegetable seedling development. Crude extracts were obtained through cold or hot extraction methods on dried powdered seeds, seed teguments, leaves or empty pods. They were thereafter purified using techniques based on physicochemical properties of active substances. Assays were carried out on seedling growth of Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons representatives. Results showed that all extracts exerted significant dose dependent inhibition on epicotyl and hypocotyl growth. However, some extracts exhibited a slight stimulation effect at low doses. Moreover, A. arenicola crude extract （E23） slightly inhibited axillary bud growth, while A. tulearensis crude extract （ET1） showed a stimulation effect. According to preliminary phytochemical screening results, these effects might be due to saponins or alkaloids.展开更多
Extracts from various vegetables and fruits were investigated for their abilities to reduce nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （NPAHs）. The extracts from grape and onion exhibited an interesting selectivity, yie...Extracts from various vegetables and fruits were investigated for their abilities to reduce nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （NPAHs）. The extracts from grape and onion exhibited an interesting selectivity, yielding corresponding hydroxylamines or amines as major products under mild conditions of 30 ℃ and pH 7.0. Grape extracts reduced the 4-nitro-l,8-naphthalic anhydride with the highest conversion rate （〉99%） and the highest ratio of hydro- xylamine to amine （95：5）. In contrast, the onion extracts reduced 4-nitro-l,8-naphthalic anhydride with a conversion rate of 94% and a ratio of hydroxylamine to amine of 8：92. The thiol-reducing agent, 13-mercaptoethanol, and metal cations, Ca2＋ and Mg2＋, greatly increased the reductive efficiency. This work provides an alternative strategy for biotransformation of nitro-polycyclic compounds.展开更多
文摘The effects of extracts from five Albizia （Fabaceae） endemic species from Madagascar （A. arenicola, A. boivini, A. bernieri, A. polyphylla and A. tulearensis） were tested on vegetable seedling development. Crude extracts were obtained through cold or hot extraction methods on dried powdered seeds, seed teguments, leaves or empty pods. They were thereafter purified using techniques based on physicochemical properties of active substances. Assays were carried out on seedling growth of Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons representatives. Results showed that all extracts exerted significant dose dependent inhibition on epicotyl and hypocotyl growth. However, some extracts exhibited a slight stimulation effect at low doses. Moreover, A. arenicola crude extract （E23） slightly inhibited axillary bud growth, while A. tulearensis crude extract （ET1） showed a stimulation effect. According to preliminary phytochemical screening results, these effects might be due to saponins or alkaloids.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No.2010CB126102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31070715)+2 种基金the National High-Tech R&D Program (863) of China (No.2011AA10A204)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (No.2011BAE06B05)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.DUT10LK33),China
文摘Extracts from various vegetables and fruits were investigated for their abilities to reduce nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （NPAHs）. The extracts from grape and onion exhibited an interesting selectivity, yielding corresponding hydroxylamines or amines as major products under mild conditions of 30 ℃ and pH 7.0. Grape extracts reduced the 4-nitro-l,8-naphthalic anhydride with the highest conversion rate （〉99%） and the highest ratio of hydro- xylamine to amine （95：5）. In contrast, the onion extracts reduced 4-nitro-l,8-naphthalic anhydride with a conversion rate of 94% and a ratio of hydroxylamine to amine of 8：92. The thiol-reducing agent, 13-mercaptoethanol, and metal cations, Ca2＋ and Mg2＋, greatly increased the reductive efficiency. This work provides an alternative strategy for biotransformation of nitro-polycyclic compounds.
