Steel catenary risers （SCR） have become an enabling technology for deepwater environments. A comprehensive review was conducted on recent research that examined interactions between deepwater steel catenary risers a...Steel catenary risers （SCR） have become an enabling technology for deepwater environments. A comprehensive review was conducted on recent research that examined interactions between deepwater steel catenary risers and soft clay seabeds. This included the STRIDE （steel risers in deepwater environments） and CARISIMA （catenary riser soil interaction model for global riser analysis） joint jndustry jrogram＇s test data as well as information from existing papers.展开更多
Debris flows can be extremely destructive because they can increase in magnitude via progressive entrainment. In this paper, a total of 18landslide-type debris flows and 268 channelized debris flows in Wenchuan earthq...Debris flows can be extremely destructive because they can increase in magnitude via progressive entrainment. In this paper, a total of 18landslide-type debris flows and 268 channelized debris flows in Wenchuan earthquake and Taiwan region, as well as other regions were collected to analyze the entrainment rate of debris flows in each triggering condition. Results show that there is a power relationship between volume of initial triggered mass and final deposited debris for landslide type debris flow. The debris flows during2008 and 2013 in Wenchuan earthquake-region have smaller entrainment rate than that from 2001 t02009 in Taiwan. The entrainment rate of debris flow events from 2001 to 2009 in Taiwan shows a decaying tendency as elapsed time. Comparison of the entrainment rate in the two earthquake-hit regions with other regions proves that entrainment rate has a close relation with major sediment availability and secondary rainstorm conditions.展开更多
Since 1947 （Addy） [1, 2], marine biologists have conducted experiments in order to re-establish meadows using various methods of transplant. A 27-month experiment of germinating and growing Posidonia oceanica （L.）...Since 1947 （Addy） [1, 2], marine biologists have conducted experiments in order to re-establish meadows using various methods of transplant. A 27-month experiment of germinating and growing Posidonia oceanica （L.） Delile seeds was carried out in two areas near Piombino in the Leghorn Province （Italy）. Seeds in direct contact with the sea bottom were taken from other seaside areas. The leaf growth and the percentage of well-developed plants in the study areas were calculated. The results confirm that this method appears to be a good re-establishment technique despite the problems associated with finding a large number of seeds anywhere along Mediterranean coasts.展开更多
A statistical analysis on earthquake activity in the Kashi-Wuqia intersection area triggered by earth tide is done by Schusters test and the Permutation test on daily and monthly scales. The north-south,east-west comp...A statistical analysis on earthquake activity in the Kashi-Wuqia intersection area triggered by earth tide is done by Schusters test and the Permutation test on daily and monthly scales. The north-south,east-west component of the tidal force and tidal body stress are chosen as the tidal curve in the daily scale. The results show that most of the earthquakes occurred near the maximum 0° of the three kinds of tidal curves,the predominant tidal phases of the earthquake are- 5. 86°,6. 60° and- 15. 52°,and the frequency of the earthquakes increases with the increase of the tide; with three kinds of tidal curves( the north-south,east-west component of the tidal force and tidal body stress),the p S of Schusters test for all the earthquakes is 10. 52%,2. 40% and 2. 06%,and the p P of the Permutation test is 10. 90%,2. 40% and 2. 06%,and the results of p S and p P based on the east-west component of the tidal force and tidal body stress are below the threshold of 0. 05 that tidal triggering of earthquakes. In the monthly scale,both the p S and p P are very low( close to 0),far below the threshold of 0. 05 of tidal triggering of earthquakes,and the predominant tidal phase for earthquake triggering is- 18. 95°,close to the maximum 0°( new moon and full moon) of the earth tide in monthly scale. Regarding the statistical test result of tidal triggering of earthquakes,a preliminary explanation is given as to why the trigger effect in the east-west direction is greater than that in north-south direction.展开更多
This paper calculates the static stress changes generated by the Yushu M_S 7. 1 earthquake in Qinghai Province. On the basis of regional stress,we take account of the static stress change triggered by the Yushu M_S 7....This paper calculates the static stress changes generated by the Yushu M_S 7. 1 earthquake in Qinghai Province. On the basis of regional stress,we take account of the static stress change triggered by the Yushu M_S 7. 1 earthquake to find the optimally oriented fault planes,then calculate the Coulomb stress change on the optimally oriented fault plane. The results indicate that most of the aftershocks are triggered by the mainshock. The image of Coulomb stress changes is also in accord with regional earthquakes ( M_L ≥3. 0 ) distribution,but the value is lower than 0. 01MPa. In addition,this paper calculates the Coulomb stress changes in the case that the aftershock fault plane is the same as the main shock. Through comparison,we find that the image of Coulomb stress changes obtained using the "optimally oriented fault"approach is more consistent with the distribution of Yushu aftershocks and regional earthquakes.展开更多
文摘Steel catenary risers （SCR） have become an enabling technology for deepwater environments. A comprehensive review was conducted on recent research that examined interactions between deepwater steel catenary risers and soft clay seabeds. This included the STRIDE （steel risers in deepwater environments） and CARISIMA （catenary riser soil interaction model for global riser analysis） joint jndustry jrogram＇s test data as well as information from existing papers.
基金funded by CRSRI Open Research Program (CKWV2013203/KY)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. BLX2014-12)the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 41601004)
文摘Debris flows can be extremely destructive because they can increase in magnitude via progressive entrainment. In this paper, a total of 18landslide-type debris flows and 268 channelized debris flows in Wenchuan earthquake and Taiwan region, as well as other regions were collected to analyze the entrainment rate of debris flows in each triggering condition. Results show that there is a power relationship between volume of initial triggered mass and final deposited debris for landslide type debris flow. The debris flows during2008 and 2013 in Wenchuan earthquake-region have smaller entrainment rate than that from 2001 t02009 in Taiwan. The entrainment rate of debris flow events from 2001 to 2009 in Taiwan shows a decaying tendency as elapsed time. Comparison of the entrainment rate in the two earthquake-hit regions with other regions proves that entrainment rate has a close relation with major sediment availability and secondary rainstorm conditions.
文摘Since 1947 （Addy） [1, 2], marine biologists have conducted experiments in order to re-establish meadows using various methods of transplant. A 27-month experiment of germinating and growing Posidonia oceanica （L.） Delile seeds was carried out in two areas near Piombino in the Leghorn Province （Italy）. Seeds in direct contact with the sea bottom were taken from other seaside areas. The leaf growth and the percentage of well-developed plants in the study areas were calculated. The results confirm that this method appears to be a good re-establishment technique despite the problems associated with finding a large number of seeds anywhere along Mediterranean coasts.
基金sponsored by the Earthquake Situation Tracking Task of 2013(2013020119)the Fund of Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China(201304)
文摘A statistical analysis on earthquake activity in the Kashi-Wuqia intersection area triggered by earth tide is done by Schusters test and the Permutation test on daily and monthly scales. The north-south,east-west component of the tidal force and tidal body stress are chosen as the tidal curve in the daily scale. The results show that most of the earthquakes occurred near the maximum 0° of the three kinds of tidal curves,the predominant tidal phases of the earthquake are- 5. 86°,6. 60° and- 15. 52°,and the frequency of the earthquakes increases with the increase of the tide; with three kinds of tidal curves( the north-south,east-west component of the tidal force and tidal body stress),the p S of Schusters test for all the earthquakes is 10. 52%,2. 40% and 2. 06%,and the p P of the Permutation test is 10. 90%,2. 40% and 2. 06%,and the results of p S and p P based on the east-west component of the tidal force and tidal body stress are below the threshold of 0. 05 that tidal triggering of earthquakes. In the monthly scale,both the p S and p P are very low( close to 0),far below the threshold of 0. 05 of tidal triggering of earthquakes,and the predominant tidal phase for earthquake triggering is- 18. 95°,close to the maximum 0°( new moon and full moon) of the earth tide in monthly scale. Regarding the statistical test result of tidal triggering of earthquakes,a preliminary explanation is given as to why the trigger effect in the east-west direction is greater than that in north-south direction.
基金sponsored by the National Key Technology R&D Program,China (2008BAC38B03-01)
文摘This paper calculates the static stress changes generated by the Yushu M_S 7. 1 earthquake in Qinghai Province. On the basis of regional stress,we take account of the static stress change triggered by the Yushu M_S 7. 1 earthquake to find the optimally oriented fault planes,then calculate the Coulomb stress change on the optimally oriented fault plane. The results indicate that most of the aftershocks are triggered by the mainshock. The image of Coulomb stress changes is also in accord with regional earthquakes ( M_L ≥3. 0 ) distribution,but the value is lower than 0. 01MPa. In addition,this paper calculates the Coulomb stress changes in the case that the aftershock fault plane is the same as the main shock. Through comparison,we find that the image of Coulomb stress changes obtained using the "optimally oriented fault"approach is more consistent with the distribution of Yushu aftershocks and regional earthquakes.
