适当的大气扩散模型对于核电厂假想事故的后果评价是必要的,对其进行参数不确定性分析对于提高模型预测的可信度具有重要的意义。相比于传统的不确定性分析方法,贝叶斯方法充分考虑了已有的观测数据,马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗方法(Markov Chai...适当的大气扩散模型对于核电厂假想事故的后果评价是必要的,对其进行参数不确定性分析对于提高模型预测的可信度具有重要的意义。相比于传统的不确定性分析方法,贝叶斯方法充分考虑了已有的观测数据,马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗方法(Markov Chain Monte Carlo,MCMC)可以方便地将贝叶斯方法和高斯烟羽模型相结合。首先使用一次改变一个变量值的方法分析模型对几个重要参数的敏感性,然后选择敏感性最大的两个参数使用贝叶斯MCMC方法进行了不确定性分析。通过分析MCMC样本序列,得到了观测值的最优拟合及模拟结果的置信区间。贝叶斯方法能获得更可靠的置信区间,从而为事故后应急响应提供更好的参考数据。展开更多
鉴于我国人口死亡率统计数据质量不高的实际和传统Lee-Carter死亡率预测模型两阶段方法存在的误差累积问题,本文采用贝叶斯Markov Chain Monte Carlo方法来预测我国人口死亡率。通过Win BUGS编程,文章在一体化框架下一次性给出模型的参...鉴于我国人口死亡率统计数据质量不高的实际和传统Lee-Carter死亡率预测模型两阶段方法存在的误差累积问题,本文采用贝叶斯Markov Chain Monte Carlo方法来预测我国人口死亡率。通过Win BUGS编程,文章在一体化框架下一次性给出模型的参数估计和未来死亡率的预测值。对研究结果的比较分析表明,贝叶斯方法不仅有效减少了数据质量问题的不利影响,提高了参数估计的稳健性,而且有效克服了参数估计和预测分开进行的弊端,在BIC值和残差项方差等模型选择标准上明显优于传统方法。展开更多
提出了采用基于贝叶斯Markov Chain Monte Carlo方法的三叉树期权定价模型.利用中国权证市场的实际数据,对比经典二叉树模型、三叉树模型、BS模型以及权证定价.结果表明,尽管它们都低估了市场价格,但该文方法的定价与市场价格偏差最小,...提出了采用基于贝叶斯Markov Chain Monte Carlo方法的三叉树期权定价模型.利用中国权证市场的实际数据,对比经典二叉树模型、三叉树模型、BS模型以及权证定价.结果表明,尽管它们都低估了市场价格,但该文方法的定价与市场价格偏差最小,特别是在较大时间步下,基于贝叶斯MCMC方法的三叉树期权定价偏差小于经典的BS模型定价.展开更多
Piecewise linear regression models are very flexible models for modeling the data. If the piecewise linear regression models are matched against the data, then the parameters are generally not known. This paper studie...Piecewise linear regression models are very flexible models for modeling the data. If the piecewise linear regression models are matched against the data, then the parameters are generally not known. This paper studies the problem of parameter estimation ofpiecewise linear regression models. The method used to estimate the parameters ofpicewise linear regression models is Bayesian method. But the Bayes estimator can not be found analytically. To overcome these problems, the reversible jump MCMC （Marcov Chain Monte Carlo） algorithm is proposed. Reversible jump MCMC algorithm generates the Markov chain converges to the limit distribution of the posterior distribution of the parameters ofpicewise linear regression models. The resulting Markov chain is used to calculate the Bayes estimator for the parameters of picewise linear regression models.展开更多
The seismoacoustic analysis method has broad potential applications to source parameter estimation for near-surface explosion events such as industrial explosions and terrorist attacks.In this study,current models wer...The seismoacoustic analysis method has broad potential applications to source parameter estimation for near-surface explosion events such as industrial explosions and terrorist attacks.In this study,current models were improved by modifying the acoustic model and adopting the Bayesian Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo inversion method.The source parameters of near-surface small-yield chemical explosions were analyzed via the improved seismoacoustic analysis model and by the estimation accuracy of seismoacoustic joint inversion.Estimation and analysis results showed that the improved seismoacoustic analysis model considered ground shock coupling and the impact of explosion products ejecting from the surface so that the improved acoustic impulse relation was more consistent with the measured data than the Ford impulse relation.It is suitable for deep-burial,shallow-burial,and near-surface aerial explosions.Furthermore,trade-off relationships were declined through the application of the improved model to source parameter inversion for near-surface small-yield chemical explosions,and source parameter estimation accuracy was improved.展开更多
The paper investigates the problem of the design of an optimal Orthogonal Fre- quency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receiver against unknown frequency selective fading. A fast convergent Monte Carlo receiver is propose...The paper investigates the problem of the design of an optimal Orthogonal Fre- quency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receiver against unknown frequency selective fading. A fast convergent Monte Carlo receiver is proposed. In the proposed method, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are employed for the blind Bayesian detection without channel es- timation. Meanwhile, with the exploitation of the characteristics of OFDM systems, two methods are employed to improve the convergence rate and enhance the efficiency of MCMC algorithms. One is the integration of the posterior distribution function with respect to the associated channel parameters, which is involved in the derivation of the objective distribution function; the other is the intra-symbol differential coding for the elimination of the bimodality problem resulting from the presence of unknown fading channels. Moreover, no matrix inversion is needed with the use of the orthogonality property of OFDM modulation and hence the computational load is significantly reduced. Computer simulation results show the effectiveness of the fast convergent Monte Carlo receiver.展开更多
文摘适当的大气扩散模型对于核电厂假想事故的后果评价是必要的,对其进行参数不确定性分析对于提高模型预测的可信度具有重要的意义。相比于传统的不确定性分析方法,贝叶斯方法充分考虑了已有的观测数据,马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗方法(Markov Chain Monte Carlo,MCMC)可以方便地将贝叶斯方法和高斯烟羽模型相结合。首先使用一次改变一个变量值的方法分析模型对几个重要参数的敏感性,然后选择敏感性最大的两个参数使用贝叶斯MCMC方法进行了不确定性分析。通过分析MCMC样本序列,得到了观测值的最优拟合及模拟结果的置信区间。贝叶斯方法能获得更可靠的置信区间,从而为事故后应急响应提供更好的参考数据。
文摘鉴于我国人口死亡率统计数据质量不高的实际和传统Lee-Carter死亡率预测模型两阶段方法存在的误差累积问题,本文采用贝叶斯Markov Chain Monte Carlo方法来预测我国人口死亡率。通过Win BUGS编程,文章在一体化框架下一次性给出模型的参数估计和未来死亡率的预测值。对研究结果的比较分析表明,贝叶斯方法不仅有效减少了数据质量问题的不利影响,提高了参数估计的稳健性,而且有效克服了参数估计和预测分开进行的弊端,在BIC值和残差项方差等模型选择标准上明显优于传统方法。
文摘提出了采用基于贝叶斯Markov Chain Monte Carlo方法的三叉树期权定价模型.利用中国权证市场的实际数据,对比经典二叉树模型、三叉树模型、BS模型以及权证定价.结果表明,尽管它们都低估了市场价格,但该文方法的定价与市场价格偏差最小,特别是在较大时间步下,基于贝叶斯MCMC方法的三叉树期权定价偏差小于经典的BS模型定价.
文摘Piecewise linear regression models are very flexible models for modeling the data. If the piecewise linear regression models are matched against the data, then the parameters are generally not known. This paper studies the problem of parameter estimation ofpiecewise linear regression models. The method used to estimate the parameters ofpicewise linear regression models is Bayesian method. But the Bayes estimator can not be found analytically. To overcome these problems, the reversible jump MCMC （Marcov Chain Monte Carlo） algorithm is proposed. Reversible jump MCMC algorithm generates the Markov chain converges to the limit distribution of the posterior distribution of the parameters ofpicewise linear regression models. The resulting Markov chain is used to calculate the Bayes estimator for the parameters of picewise linear regression models.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12072290).
文摘The seismoacoustic analysis method has broad potential applications to source parameter estimation for near-surface explosion events such as industrial explosions and terrorist attacks.In this study,current models were improved by modifying the acoustic model and adopting the Bayesian Markov-chain-Monte-Carlo inversion method.The source parameters of near-surface small-yield chemical explosions were analyzed via the improved seismoacoustic analysis model and by the estimation accuracy of seismoacoustic joint inversion.Estimation and analysis results showed that the improved seismoacoustic analysis model considered ground shock coupling and the impact of explosion products ejecting from the surface so that the improved acoustic impulse relation was more consistent with the measured data than the Ford impulse relation.It is suitable for deep-burial,shallow-burial,and near-surface aerial explosions.Furthermore,trade-off relationships were declined through the application of the improved model to source parameter inversion for near-surface small-yield chemical explosions,and source parameter estimation accuracy was improved.
基金Partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60172028).
文摘The paper investigates the problem of the design of an optimal Orthogonal Fre- quency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receiver against unknown frequency selective fading. A fast convergent Monte Carlo receiver is proposed. In the proposed method, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are employed for the blind Bayesian detection without channel es- timation. Meanwhile, with the exploitation of the characteristics of OFDM systems, two methods are employed to improve the convergence rate and enhance the efficiency of MCMC algorithms. One is the integration of the posterior distribution function with respect to the associated channel parameters, which is involved in the derivation of the objective distribution function; the other is the intra-symbol differential coding for the elimination of the bimodality problem resulting from the presence of unknown fading channels. Moreover, no matrix inversion is needed with the use of the orthogonality property of OFDM modulation and hence the computational load is significantly reduced. Computer simulation results show the effectiveness of the fast convergent Monte Carlo receiver.
