The current accounting system has no longer suited to the development of colleges and university. On the basis of analyzing the crux of the accounting system, we propose solutions to make college financial work more t...The current accounting system has no longer suited to the development of colleges and university. On the basis of analyzing the crux of the accounting system, we propose solutions to make college financial work more truly reflect the financial condition and fund utilizing situation. With the development of social economy and changes in the market system, university has entered a period of extraordinary development. According to the needs of universities development, university accounting system has also undergone a series of changes. From the accounting method to account setup and expenditures structure, it has made a series of adjustment, to a certain extent reflecting the funding operations of the university. But because accounting basis, accounting method, setup of accounting statement and other items are not suited to financial management needs of universities, some accounting treatments and statements reflecting can＇ t be a true reflection of the funding operations of universities and financial position.展开更多
Trading and business in Islam has been identified as the second best profession after agriculture and Prophet Muhammad （PBUH） himself has been engaged in trading. The Islamic theory of market aims to provide optimiz...Trading and business in Islam has been identified as the second best profession after agriculture and Prophet Muhammad （PBUH） himself has been engaged in trading. The Islamic theory of market aims to provide optimization of returns and satisfaction for all stakeholders. It also seeks to make ＂free market＂ an instrument of promoting equity and social justice for the welfare of society. It combines tenants from the free market model as well as those in command market economy. Islamic economics identifies certain functional parameters for the efficient functioning of the market to achieve the optimization of returns and social welfare like absence of middle men, prohibition of hoarding, mode of finance free from interest and usury, taxation and other wealth redistribution instruments like Zakat and Khums, asset-based and risk-sharing partnerships and stakes, etc.. It essentially creates conditions for proper functioning of a competitive market as an instrument of economic progress and social equity. In Islamic economics, the role accorded to the state is to ensure that institutions are set up and vigilance officers are appointed which create the specified condition for the proper and fair functioning of the market and hence preventing what is identified as ＂market failure＂. The role of the state is to improve the functioning of the market as opposed to that of systematic intervention. This paper tries to examine the Islamic notions of ＂free market＂ in the traditional sources like Qur＇an, Hadees, the early texts of Islamic Jurisprudence, and contemporary writings on Islamic economic system and to make a comparative analysis with theories of market in capitalist and socialist frameworks. The paper will examine the extent to which Islamic notions of free market offer an alternative model to resolve the problems of growth, inequity, and risk management.展开更多
The generation Y is a growing group of young people among the general workforce, having different behaviors and motivators at work. To study effective motivating factors for this group of employees can even show some ...The generation Y is a growing group of young people among the general workforce, having different behaviors and motivators at work. To study effective motivating factors for this group of employees can even show some interesting factors of Y-generation employees＇ value, such as high value of manager flexibility and sharing similar values with the companies they work for. The primary aim of this study is to understand the relationship of Y-generation employee＇s work motivation between operational behaviors and work and organization interests. There are several companies with a number of young employees at Northern Region Industrial Estate Lamphun, Thailand. These companies obviously need to focus on the requirements of Y-generation employees. The study population consisted of Y-generation employees of Northern Region Industrial Estate, Lamphun in which 410 are selected by simple random sampling for the research. The questionnaires were analyzed using LISREL. Two types of data analysis have been performed which are descriptive and Structure Equation Model （SEM）. The research findings indicate that having behavior in the right direction should focus on motivation factors. Motivation to get work and organization interests should focus on hygiene factors. There is a correlation between the operational level of generation Y employees work motivation and their operational behaviors and work and organization interests. The relationship between them clearly is defined in fact finding for determining the human resource management policies.展开更多
The paper develops a view on the history and future of working capital programs and focuses on the state of the art in four remarkable years： 1900, 1930, 1960, and 1990. In these years, an operations approach, an acc...The paper develops a view on the history and future of working capital programs and focuses on the state of the art in four remarkable years： 1900, 1930, 1960, and 1990. In these years, an operations approach, an accounting approach, an economic approach, and a capital market approach, respectively, were prevalent. The paper shows that all of the approaches have their merits for today＇s working capital management （WCM） programs and discusses useful working capital program indicators, taking into account the cash conversion cycle （CCC） and its delineation into accounts receivables （A/R）, inventory, and accounts payables （A/P） periods. This enables the author to take step ahead to the magic year 2020. Finally, the paper discusses briefly an academic development agenda.展开更多
文摘The current accounting system has no longer suited to the development of colleges and university. On the basis of analyzing the crux of the accounting system, we propose solutions to make college financial work more truly reflect the financial condition and fund utilizing situation. With the development of social economy and changes in the market system, university has entered a period of extraordinary development. According to the needs of universities development, university accounting system has also undergone a series of changes. From the accounting method to account setup and expenditures structure, it has made a series of adjustment, to a certain extent reflecting the funding operations of the university. But because accounting basis, accounting method, setup of accounting statement and other items are not suited to financial management needs of universities, some accounting treatments and statements reflecting can＇ t be a true reflection of the funding operations of universities and financial position.
文摘Trading and business in Islam has been identified as the second best profession after agriculture and Prophet Muhammad （PBUH） himself has been engaged in trading. The Islamic theory of market aims to provide optimization of returns and satisfaction for all stakeholders. It also seeks to make ＂free market＂ an instrument of promoting equity and social justice for the welfare of society. It combines tenants from the free market model as well as those in command market economy. Islamic economics identifies certain functional parameters for the efficient functioning of the market to achieve the optimization of returns and social welfare like absence of middle men, prohibition of hoarding, mode of finance free from interest and usury, taxation and other wealth redistribution instruments like Zakat and Khums, asset-based and risk-sharing partnerships and stakes, etc.. It essentially creates conditions for proper functioning of a competitive market as an instrument of economic progress and social equity. In Islamic economics, the role accorded to the state is to ensure that institutions are set up and vigilance officers are appointed which create the specified condition for the proper and fair functioning of the market and hence preventing what is identified as ＂market failure＂. The role of the state is to improve the functioning of the market as opposed to that of systematic intervention. This paper tries to examine the Islamic notions of ＂free market＂ in the traditional sources like Qur＇an, Hadees, the early texts of Islamic Jurisprudence, and contemporary writings on Islamic economic system and to make a comparative analysis with theories of market in capitalist and socialist frameworks. The paper will examine the extent to which Islamic notions of free market offer an alternative model to resolve the problems of growth, inequity, and risk management.
文摘The generation Y is a growing group of young people among the general workforce, having different behaviors and motivators at work. To study effective motivating factors for this group of employees can even show some interesting factors of Y-generation employees＇ value, such as high value of manager flexibility and sharing similar values with the companies they work for. The primary aim of this study is to understand the relationship of Y-generation employee＇s work motivation between operational behaviors and work and organization interests. There are several companies with a number of young employees at Northern Region Industrial Estate Lamphun, Thailand. These companies obviously need to focus on the requirements of Y-generation employees. The study population consisted of Y-generation employees of Northern Region Industrial Estate, Lamphun in which 410 are selected by simple random sampling for the research. The questionnaires were analyzed using LISREL. Two types of data analysis have been performed which are descriptive and Structure Equation Model （SEM）. The research findings indicate that having behavior in the right direction should focus on motivation factors. Motivation to get work and organization interests should focus on hygiene factors. There is a correlation between the operational level of generation Y employees work motivation and their operational behaviors and work and organization interests. The relationship between them clearly is defined in fact finding for determining the human resource management policies.
文摘The paper develops a view on the history and future of working capital programs and focuses on the state of the art in four remarkable years： 1900, 1930, 1960, and 1990. In these years, an operations approach, an accounting approach, an economic approach, and a capital market approach, respectively, were prevalent. The paper shows that all of the approaches have their merits for today＇s working capital management （WCM） programs and discusses useful working capital program indicators, taking into account the cash conversion cycle （CCC） and its delineation into accounts receivables （A/R）, inventory, and accounts payables （A/P） periods. This enables the author to take step ahead to the magic year 2020. Finally, the paper discusses briefly an academic development agenda.
