自1981年美国 CDC 首次披露爱滋病(AI-DS)以来,人们对其病因进行了深入研究,并取得了突破性进展。虽目前已公认人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)是爱滋病病因,但国外一些学者新近发现,单纯感染 HIV 的人或动物不一定都发病,而在相关因素或辅助因素(C...自1981年美国 CDC 首次披露爱滋病(AI-DS)以来,人们对其病因进行了深入研究,并取得了突破性进展。虽目前已公认人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)是爱滋病病因,但国外一些学者新近发现,单纯感染 HIV 的人或动物不一定都发病,而在相关因素或辅助因素(Cofactor)存在时,才出现临床症状。本文拟将与 AIDS 发病有关的因素作一简述。展开更多
分类分析的局限性语义的分类分析为消除意义上的含糊性提供了丰富的资料,其功能在于测定那些区分性的辅助因素。尽管如此,这种测定并不能解决词典学家在研究一个多义词时所碰到的全部语义问题,如内部同音异义词的问题,各项含义或词义的...分类分析的局限性语义的分类分析为消除意义上的含糊性提供了丰富的资料,其功能在于测定那些区分性的辅助因素。尽管如此,这种测定并不能解决词典学家在研究一个多义词时所碰到的全部语义问题,如内部同音异义词的问题,各项含义或词义的次序排列问题,等等。分类分析能在一个词的环境中测定出一些能说明特点的辅助因素。aff-ranchir un esclave(解放一个奴隶)和affranchir une lettre(贴邮票寄信),由于动词affranchir的宾语不同,组成了两个不同的词汇单位;展开更多
Objective： The aim of this study was to explore the difference of long-term prognosis of different treatment regimens in patients with stage IB2, IIA2 cervical Cancer. Methods： From August 1995 to September 2005, ra...Objective： The aim of this study was to explore the difference of long-term prognosis of different treatment regimens in patients with stage IB2, IIA2 cervical Cancer. Methods： From August 1995 to September 2005, radical hysterectomy was chosen as primary treatment regimen for 122 patients （group A）, 85 patients underwent radical hysterectomy after ef- fective neoadjuvant therapy （group B）, and 98 patients received surgery after ineffective preoperative therapy （group C）. All patients received postoperative therapy. Results： Atotal of 305 patients were analyzed. The maximum diameter of tumor was largest in group B, while the pathological risk factors （cervical infiltration, positive surgical margins） were in the lowest propor- tion. The 5-year mortality rate and relapse rate of group B were the highest, and the overall survival （OS） and progression-free survival （PFS） were the shortest （P 〈 0.05）. No significant difference of long-term survival was found in group C and group A. No difference was found in the surgical of three groups. Large tumor more than 5.5 cm had higher effective ratio of treatment than those 5.5 cm or less. Patients received effective preoperative radiotherapy had better long-term prognosis than those received chemotherapy or radiochemotherapy. Conclusion： neoadjuvant treatment using for patients with IB2, IIA2 cervical cancer is effective in reducing risk factors of pathological, but it could not improve the long-term survival. The indications of adjuvant therapy after surgery should be reconsidered. Those tumors of diameter 5.5 cm or less response poor to neoadjuvant treatment, and no improvement of survival was found, so direct surgical treatment is suggested for these patients. Radiotherapy is a better choice of preoperative treatment.展开更多
Computer assisted audit techniques （CAATs） are audit technologies that allow auditors to perform their audit work efficiently and effectively. However, little is known about CAATs adoption process by audit firms. Th...Computer assisted audit techniques （CAATs） are audit technologies that allow auditors to perform their audit work efficiently and effectively. However, little is known about CAATs adoption process by audit firms. Therefore, this paper adapts the technology readiness theory （TRI）, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology （UTAUT） and the technology-organization environment （TOE） framework and Denison organizational culture theory, and presents a new theory of unified technology readiness and cultural-technological-organizational-environmental model （UTR-CTOE）, to explain CAATs adoption at both individual level and firm level. The methodology used in the study consists of a random sampling among the auditors through the administration of questionnaire. A total of 581 auditors registered with Mauritius Institute of Professional Accountants （MIPA） respond to the survey. Our main findings of this paper confirm that the relation between beliefs, such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, facilitating condition and social influence, and motivation is positively correlated, while beliefs have a negative correlation with inhibition towards CAATs adoption. Results also indicate that firm＇s decision for CAATs adoption is positively influenced by cultural, technological, organizational, and environmental factors. Furthermore, there is an indirect impact of firm＇s internal and external influences on auditors＇ adoption of CAATs.展开更多
文摘自1981年美国 CDC 首次披露爱滋病(AI-DS)以来,人们对其病因进行了深入研究,并取得了突破性进展。虽目前已公认人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)是爱滋病病因,但国外一些学者新近发现,单纯感染 HIV 的人或动物不一定都发病,而在相关因素或辅助因素(Cofactor)存在时,才出现临床症状。本文拟将与 AIDS 发病有关的因素作一简述。
文摘分类分析的局限性语义的分类分析为消除意义上的含糊性提供了丰富的资料,其功能在于测定那些区分性的辅助因素。尽管如此,这种测定并不能解决词典学家在研究一个多义词时所碰到的全部语义问题,如内部同音异义词的问题,各项含义或词义的次序排列问题,等等。分类分析能在一个词的环境中测定出一些能说明特点的辅助因素。aff-ranchir un esclave(解放一个奴隶)和affranchir une lettre(贴邮票寄信),由于动词affranchir的宾语不同,组成了两个不同的词汇单位;
文摘Objective： The aim of this study was to explore the difference of long-term prognosis of different treatment regimens in patients with stage IB2, IIA2 cervical Cancer. Methods： From August 1995 to September 2005, radical hysterectomy was chosen as primary treatment regimen for 122 patients （group A）, 85 patients underwent radical hysterectomy after ef- fective neoadjuvant therapy （group B）, and 98 patients received surgery after ineffective preoperative therapy （group C）. All patients received postoperative therapy. Results： Atotal of 305 patients were analyzed. The maximum diameter of tumor was largest in group B, while the pathological risk factors （cervical infiltration, positive surgical margins） were in the lowest propor- tion. The 5-year mortality rate and relapse rate of group B were the highest, and the overall survival （OS） and progression-free survival （PFS） were the shortest （P 〈 0.05）. No significant difference of long-term survival was found in group C and group A. No difference was found in the surgical of three groups. Large tumor more than 5.5 cm had higher effective ratio of treatment than those 5.5 cm or less. Patients received effective preoperative radiotherapy had better long-term prognosis than those received chemotherapy or radiochemotherapy. Conclusion： neoadjuvant treatment using for patients with IB2, IIA2 cervical cancer is effective in reducing risk factors of pathological, but it could not improve the long-term survival. The indications of adjuvant therapy after surgery should be reconsidered. Those tumors of diameter 5.5 cm or less response poor to neoadjuvant treatment, and no improvement of survival was found, so direct surgical treatment is suggested for these patients. Radiotherapy is a better choice of preoperative treatment.
文摘Computer assisted audit techniques （CAATs） are audit technologies that allow auditors to perform their audit work efficiently and effectively. However, little is known about CAATs adoption process by audit firms. Therefore, this paper adapts the technology readiness theory （TRI）, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology （UTAUT） and the technology-organization environment （TOE） framework and Denison organizational culture theory, and presents a new theory of unified technology readiness and cultural-technological-organizational-environmental model （UTR-CTOE）, to explain CAATs adoption at both individual level and firm level. The methodology used in the study consists of a random sampling among the auditors through the administration of questionnaire. A total of 581 auditors registered with Mauritius Institute of Professional Accountants （MIPA） respond to the survey. Our main findings of this paper confirm that the relation between beliefs, such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, facilitating condition and social influence, and motivation is positively correlated, while beliefs have a negative correlation with inhibition towards CAATs adoption. Results also indicate that firm＇s decision for CAATs adoption is positively influenced by cultural, technological, organizational, and environmental factors. Furthermore, there is an indirect impact of firm＇s internal and external influences on auditors＇ adoption of CAATs.
