Some sociologists of the 20th century--Popper, Nisbet, Tilly, Wallerstein--doubted the applicability of the concept ＂evolution＂ to the process of social changes. It was stated that processes happening in a society c...Some sociologists of the 20th century--Popper, Nisbet, Tilly, Wallerstein--doubted the applicability of the concept ＂evolution＂ to the process of social changes. It was stated that processes happening in a society cannot be described using the approach of strict causality. However, dignifying life of the mankind is doubtful without elaborated scheme of social evolution and universal guiding line for the control over the further aociety evolution. General logica of social evolution can be traced by the change of human position in a society. Describing this change with the help of the activity-value approach one can construct ideal types of such evolutionary stages as wilderness, barbarism, civilization. The study of features and properties of ideal types of social evolution stages shows the regularity of two natural civilizations appearance： home-service civilization and market one. Countries of home-service civilization are ancient Egypt, China, and Russia （since Moscow Kingdom arose）. Athens, Novgorod Republic and Western countries are examples of the market civilization. The study of the market civilization properties shows that its long existence is doubtful. Authors propose an ideal type of spirit-game civilization as a long-term guiding line for the controlled social evolution. Control over evolution could save mankind and solve their main problems.展开更多
文摘Some sociologists of the 20th century--Popper, Nisbet, Tilly, Wallerstein--doubted the applicability of the concept ＂evolution＂ to the process of social changes. It was stated that processes happening in a society cannot be described using the approach of strict causality. However, dignifying life of the mankind is doubtful without elaborated scheme of social evolution and universal guiding line for the control over the further aociety evolution. General logica of social evolution can be traced by the change of human position in a society. Describing this change with the help of the activity-value approach one can construct ideal types of such evolutionary stages as wilderness, barbarism, civilization. The study of features and properties of ideal types of social evolution stages shows the regularity of two natural civilizations appearance： home-service civilization and market one. Countries of home-service civilization are ancient Egypt, China, and Russia （since Moscow Kingdom arose）. Athens, Novgorod Republic and Western countries are examples of the market civilization. The study of the market civilization properties shows that its long existence is doubtful. Authors propose an ideal type of spirit-game civilization as a long-term guiding line for the controlled social evolution. Control over evolution could save mankind and solve their main problems.
