熔炼并制备了铝空气电池用阳极材料Al-0.02Ga-0.5Mg-0.1Sn-x Si[x=0~0.2%（质量分数）]合金,通过测试合金的自腐蚀速率、开路电位（OCP）、极化曲线（Tafel）以及电化学阻抗（EIS）等,研究了其在4 mol/L Na OH溶液中的电化学性能;采用...熔炼并制备了铝空气电池用阳极材料Al-0.02Ga-0.5Mg-0.1Sn-x Si[x=0~0.2%（质量分数）]合金,通过测试合金的自腐蚀速率、开路电位（OCP）、极化曲线（Tafel）以及电化学阻抗（EIS）等,研究了其在4 mol/L Na OH溶液中的电化学性能;采用能量散射X射线谱（EDX）分析了合金中偏析相元素成分,并结合扫描电镜（SEM）观察了合金的腐蚀形貌。结果表明：合金中添加Si可降低自腐蚀速率,提高其电化学性能;但过量的Si会加剧合金点蚀。随着Si含量增加,合金开路电位负移,放电电压升高;当Si含量为0.1%时,合金具有最佳的综合性能,自腐蚀速率最小[0.113 mg/（cm^2·min）],开路电位最负（-1.80 V）,20 m A恒流放电时单电池电压达1.50 V。展开更多
Nickel nanowire and nanotube arrays as supports for Pt-Pd catalyst were prepared by elec- troless deposition with anodic aluminum oxide template. Pt-Pd composite catalyst was de- posited on the arrays by displacement ...Nickel nanowire and nanotube arrays as supports for Pt-Pd catalyst were prepared by elec- troless deposition with anodic aluminum oxide template. Pt-Pd composite catalyst was de- posited on the arrays by displacement reaction. SEM images show that the nickel nanowires have an average diameter of I00 nm and the nickel nanotubes have an average inner diameter of 200 nm. EDS scanning reveals that elemental Pt and Pd disperse uniformly on the arrays. Cyclic voltammetry study indicates that the nickel nanotube array loaded with Pt-Pd pos- sesses a higher electrochemical activity for ethanol oxidation than the nickel nanowire array with Pt-Pd.展开更多
Experimental results on processing,structural and mechanical characterization of a multilayer composite based on commercially pure aluminum foils were presented.A multilayer composite was produced by hot-rolling of an...Experimental results on processing,structural and mechanical characterization of a multilayer composite based on commercially pure aluminum foils were presented.A multilayer composite was produced by hot-rolling of anodized and non-anodized aluminum foils alternately sandwiched.In addition,the same process was applied for bonding of non-anodized foils.In both cases,obtained multilayer composites were compact and sound.In order to study composites microstructural evolution and mechanical properties,optical and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,hardness,tensile and three-point flexural tests were performed.Microstructural characterization confirmed that the rod-like particles distributed in parallel rows in the composite aluminum matrix with anodized foils correspond to Al2O3.Maximum and minimum peaks of oxygen and aluminum,respectively,suggest that after the final hot-rolling of composite with non-anodized foils,a small amount of coarser particles were formed at boundaries between foils.Hardness,strength,modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of both multilayer composites were much higher than those of pure aluminum,whereas ductility was significantly less.The composite with anodized foils exhibited the highest strength and modulus of elasticity,but lower ductility compared to composite processed from non-anodized foils.Fracture failure corresponded to the change of ductility.展开更多
A systematic laboratory study was conducted on current efficiency and corrosion obtained in cryolite-alumina melts with SnO2-Sb203-CuO ceramic inert anodes. The current efficiency （CE） was determined by measuring th...A systematic laboratory study was conducted on current efficiency and corrosion obtained in cryolite-alumina melts with SnO2-Sb203-CuO ceramic inert anodes. The current efficiency （CE） was determined by measuring the total amount of oxygen evolved at the anode and was found to be ~ 95%. The influence of operating parameters （inter-elec- trode distance, temperature and current density） was evaluated. The quantitative interdependencies as well as the ranges of CE optima[ values were established （2-3 cm, 940-960 ℃ and 0.7-0.8 A.cm 2）. The corrosion process of these anodes was evaluated by the mass loss method. The evaluation also took care of the corrosion data, as the prob- lem of the anode corrosion appeared to be the main obstacle for the use of those anodes in the commercial cells.Low-ering of the ACD up to 2 cm did not aggravate anode corrosion.展开更多
A general, rapid and solvent-free approach is proposed to fabricate nanostructured polymer surfaces by coupling ultrasonic vi- bration and anodized aluminum oxide templating. With our approach, hollow nanorods or nano...A general, rapid and solvent-free approach is proposed to fabricate nanostructured polymer surfaces by coupling ultrasonic vi- bration and anodized aluminum oxide templating. With our approach, hollow nanorods or nanofibers with controlled diameter and length are prepared on polymer surfaces. The whole fabrication process is completed in ～30 s and equally applicable to polymers of different crystalline structures. The wettability of the as-fabricated polymer surfaces （being hydrophilic, hydro- phobic, highly hydrophobic or even superhydrophobic） is readily regulated by adjusting the welding time from 0 s to a maxi- mum of 10 s. Our approach can be a promising industrial basis for manufacturing functional nanomaterials in the fields of electronics, optics, sensors, biology, medicine, coating, or fluidic technologies.展开更多
文摘熔炼并制备了铝空气电池用阳极材料Al-0.02Ga-0.5Mg-0.1Sn-x Si[x=0~0.2%（质量分数）]合金,通过测试合金的自腐蚀速率、开路电位（OCP）、极化曲线（Tafel）以及电化学阻抗（EIS）等,研究了其在4 mol/L Na OH溶液中的电化学性能;采用能量散射X射线谱（EDX）分析了合金中偏析相元素成分,并结合扫描电镜（SEM）观察了合金的腐蚀形貌。结果表明：合金中添加Si可降低自腐蚀速率,提高其电化学性能;但过量的Si会加剧合金点蚀。随着Si含量增加,合金开路电位负移,放电电压升高;当Si含量为0.1%时,合金具有最佳的综合性能,自腐蚀速率最小[0.113 mg/（cm^2·min）],开路电位最负（-1.80 V）,20 m A恒流放电时单电池电压达1.50 V。
文摘Nickel nanowire and nanotube arrays as supports for Pt-Pd catalyst were prepared by elec- troless deposition with anodic aluminum oxide template. Pt-Pd composite catalyst was de- posited on the arrays by displacement reaction. SEM images show that the nickel nanowires have an average diameter of I00 nm and the nickel nanotubes have an average inner diameter of 200 nm. EDS scanning reveals that elemental Pt and Pd disperse uniformly on the arrays. Cyclic voltammetry study indicates that the nickel nanotube array loaded with Pt-Pd pos- sesses a higher electrochemical activity for ethanol oxidation than the nickel nanowire array with Pt-Pd.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia through the Project Nos.Ⅲ45012 and ON174004
文摘Experimental results on processing,structural and mechanical characterization of a multilayer composite based on commercially pure aluminum foils were presented.A multilayer composite was produced by hot-rolling of anodized and non-anodized aluminum foils alternately sandwiched.In addition,the same process was applied for bonding of non-anodized foils.In both cases,obtained multilayer composites were compact and sound.In order to study composites microstructural evolution and mechanical properties,optical and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,hardness,tensile and three-point flexural tests were performed.Microstructural characterization confirmed that the rod-like particles distributed in parallel rows in the composite aluminum matrix with anodized foils correspond to Al2O3.Maximum and minimum peaks of oxygen and aluminum,respectively,suggest that after the final hot-rolling of composite with non-anodized foils,a small amount of coarser particles were formed at boundaries between foils.Hardness,strength,modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of both multilayer composites were much higher than those of pure aluminum,whereas ductility was significantly less.The composite with anodized foils exhibited the highest strength and modulus of elasticity,but lower ductility compared to composite processed from non-anodized foils.Fracture failure corresponded to the change of ductility.
文摘A systematic laboratory study was conducted on current efficiency and corrosion obtained in cryolite-alumina melts with SnO2-Sb203-CuO ceramic inert anodes. The current efficiency （CE） was determined by measuring the total amount of oxygen evolved at the anode and was found to be ~ 95%. The influence of operating parameters （inter-elec- trode distance, temperature and current density） was evaluated. The quantitative interdependencies as well as the ranges of CE optima[ values were established （2-3 cm, 940-960 ℃ and 0.7-0.8 A.cm 2）. The corrosion process of these anodes was evaluated by the mass loss method. The evaluation also took care of the corrosion data, as the prob- lem of the anode corrosion appeared to be the main obstacle for the use of those anodes in the commercial cells.Low-ering of the ACD up to 2 cm did not aggravate anode corrosion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21374088)the grant from the Program for New Century Excellent Talents of Ministry of Education(Grant No.NCET-13-0476)+1 种基金the Program of Youth Science and Technology Nova of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2013KJXX-21)the Program of New Staff and Research Area Project of NPU(Grant No.13GH014602)
文摘A general, rapid and solvent-free approach is proposed to fabricate nanostructured polymer surfaces by coupling ultrasonic vi- bration and anodized aluminum oxide templating. With our approach, hollow nanorods or nanofibers with controlled diameter and length are prepared on polymer surfaces. The whole fabrication process is completed in ～30 s and equally applicable to polymers of different crystalline structures. The wettability of the as-fabricated polymer surfaces （being hydrophilic, hydro- phobic, highly hydrophobic or even superhydrophobic） is readily regulated by adjusting the welding time from 0 s to a maxi- mum of 10 s. Our approach can be a promising industrial basis for manufacturing functional nanomaterials in the fields of electronics, optics, sensors, biology, medicine, coating, or fluidic technologies.
