This paper constructed pig supply chain based on theoretical study and practical research, then analyzed the operation model of pig supply chain from tem- poral and spatial perspectives. The results showed that from t...This paper constructed pig supply chain based on theoretical study and practical research, then analyzed the operation model of pig supply chain from tem- poral and spatial perspectives. The results showed that from the spatial perspective, pig supply chain had five models of operation, such as vertical integration pig sup- ply chain, quasi-vertical integration pig supply chain （tightly-knit pig supply chain）, semi-tightly pig supply chain, loosely-organized pig supply chain and market-oriented pig supply chain. In contrast, from temporal aspect, pig supply chain experiences the pure market transaction, contract form, cooperatives, vertical integration and hori- zontal integration model of operation; the future pig supply chain model in China might be the longitudinal transverse group alliance pig supply chain, namely, the upper vertical integration or quasi-vertical integration （leading processing enterprise ＋ farmer） and down horizontal integration （leading processing enterprises ＋ logistics company ＋ sales）, and it would be a kind of competition among interest groups by division of cooperation.展开更多
In order to improve the production of human-like collagen III(HLC III)by fed-batch culture of recombinant Escherichia coli BL21,the Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design were applied to optimize the fermentation proc...In order to improve the production of human-like collagen III(HLC III)by fed-batch culture of recombinant Escherichia coli BL21,the Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design were applied to optimize the fermentation process parameters.Three variables(induction time,inoculum age and pH),which have significant effects on HLC III production,were selected from eight variables by Plackett-Burman design.With the regression coefficient analysis in the Box-Behnken design,a relationship between HLC III production and three significant factors was obtained,and the optimum levels of the three variables were as follows:induction time 3.2h,inoculum age 12.6 h and pH 6.7.The 3D response surface plots and 2D contour plots created by the Box-Behnken design showed that the interaction between induction time and pH and that between innoculum age and pH were significant.An average 9.68 g·L1HLC III production was attained in the validation experiment under optimized condition,which was 80%higher than the yield of 5.36 g·L1before optimization.展开更多
The reliability of electromechanical product is usually determined by the fault number and working time traditionally. The shortcoming of this method is that the product must be in service. To design and enhance the r...The reliability of electromechanical product is usually determined by the fault number and working time traditionally. The shortcoming of this method is that the product must be in service. To design and enhance the reliability of the electromechanical product, the reliability evaluation method must be feasible and correct. Reliability evaluation method and algorithm were proposed. The reliability of product can be calculated by the reliability of subsystems which can be gained by experiment or historical data. The reliability of the machining center was evaluated by the method and algorithm as one example. The calculation result shows that the solution accuracy of mean time between failures is 97.4% calculated by the method proposed in this article compared by the traditional method. The method and algorithm can be used to evaluate the reliability of electromechanical product before it is in service.展开更多
On the basis of strict mathematical description about Failure_Free Period Life Test (FFPLT), the statistical properties of the tests and optimal confidence limit of the parameter are discussed in detail and correspond...On the basis of strict mathematical description about Failure_Free Period Life Test (FFPLT), the statistical properties of the tests and optimal confidence limit of the parameter are discussed in detail and corresponding calculating formulae are found out.展开更多
In the context of his thoughts on the relationship between music and time in his Musical Writings, Adorno refers often to the above quoted thesis. This paradoxicality, attributed to particular symphonies of Beethoven,...In the context of his thoughts on the relationship between music and time in his Musical Writings, Adorno refers often to the above quoted thesis. This paradoxicality, attributed to particular symphonies of Beethoven, tends to become a fixed idea in the context of his thoughts on musical time. Adorno adopts Hegel＇s understanding of time as process of permanent overcoming of instants. He finds an analogy between instant and musical motive, based on the common, in Hegel＇s and Beethoven＇s systems, notion of the working-out of an idea and of a musical structure respectively. He then tries to include in the process of becoming extended and reappearing formal parts, such as themes and expositions. How could he find a convergence between permanent formal growth and persistence of formal parts, which distinguishes a musical work from an improvisation？ In order to transcend this immanent antinomy, he applies Hegelian logical principles.展开更多
By taking into account spatial degrees of freedom of atoms, we study the internal-state disentanglement dynamics of two atoms interacting with a vacuum multi-mode noise field. We show that the complete internal-state ...By taking into account spatial degrees of freedom of atoms, we study the internal-state disentanglement dynamics of two atoms interacting with a vacuum multi-mode noise field. We show that the complete internal-state disentanglement of the two atoms, caused due to the atomic spontaneous emission can be achieved in a finite time.展开更多
According to Brazilian reports of large trucks accidents on Federal Highway, fatigue and speeding are the major contributors to those accidents in which drivers are trying to meet short delivery deadlines for long hau...According to Brazilian reports of large trucks accidents on Federal Highway, fatigue and speeding are the major contributors to those accidents in which drivers are trying to meet short delivery deadlines for long hauls. A new federal law has been approved to limit truck drivers＇ working times, including maximum continuous driving time and maximum daily and weekly on-duty time. We present a study that aims at analyzing whether the existing resting areas on federal highways have sufficient capacity to meet current and future demand for truck stops. We have established the following method： In the first step, we review and study different models found in the literature and evaluate their potential application to Brazilian conditions; In the next step, we develop our own model and, finally, validate it using data from BR-101 Federal Highway, in Santa Catarina State. Tests made using part of collected data （which were subjected to statistical treatment） showed satisfactory results, indicating that the demand behavior was consistent with that observed in the field and the answers provided by truck drivers in the interviews. The research has yet to complete processing all data and it also must be repeated in other regions with different characteristics.展开更多
This study examines long work hours and work-life balance in relation to wage level, workaholism, and consumerism in both Korea and Japan. Findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the hypothesis tha...This study examines long work hours and work-life balance in relation to wage level, workaholism, and consumerism in both Korea and Japan. Findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the hypothesis that the wages and working hours have positive but differential effects depending on wage level categories are supported. Second, effects of cultural factors, such as workaholism and consumerism, on long work hours, however, are not significant in both countries. Third, for Korean manual workers, the probability of working long hours is high, but the level of time scarcity is low; but the effect of union membership on long work hours is not significant in both Korea and Japan. Fourth, the hypothesis that negative effects of long work hours and time scarcity on satisfaction with work-life balance are supported. These findings suggest that an increase in wage for non-regular workers and a minimum wage are required to reduce working hours. In addition, they also suggest that reducing working hours, overtime work in particular, and wage gap are crucial to raising the level of satisfaction with work-life balance in both Korea and Japan.展开更多
This study develops geospatial analysis of terrestrial carbon exchange for the conterminous United State and estimates large-scale NEP （net ecosystem production） dynamic from 2008 to 2013. We apply land-use and land...This study develops geospatial analysis of terrestrial carbon exchange for the conterminous United State and estimates large-scale NEP （net ecosystem production） dynamic from 2008 to 2013. We apply land-use and land-cover data in order to coherently include cropland, forest, wetland and other ecologically active landscapes in the mapping. Our results show a distribution of high harvest carbon release in the Corn Belt states, in addition to hot spots around the US in areas like Southern California and Arizona. Harvest carbon is low in areas in the southern United States, and central/southern Appalachian Mountains. We identify NEP changes for coupled agricultural, forest and other high-carbon-uptake ecosystems systems, conversions to and from crop, and land in frequent conversion among forest, wetland, pasture and rangeland. Findings from this study will provide important information to support and promote the co-production of science and decision-making.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to obtain higher COD removal rate so as to guide the process of citric acid industrial wastewater. [Method] The effects of controllable factors, acidification time, hydraulic retention time, an...[Objective] The aim was to obtain higher COD removal rate so as to guide the process of citric acid industrial wastewater. [Method] The effects of controllable factors, acidification time, hydraulic retention time, and influent COD concentration, in-anaerobic treatment process of citric acid wastewater on COD removal rate were studied and the COD removal rate was optimized by response surface method. [Result] There was no interaction between acidification time and the other two factors. It was showed that hydraulic retention time and influent COD concentration had significant effect on COD removal rate and there was interaction between the two factors. The optimum COD removing process conditions was as follows: acidification time 1.53 h, hydraulic retention time 3.52 h and influent COD concentration 2 698 mg/L. Under the optimized conditions, the COD removal rate was 93.31% and it was much closed to the experimental result, 93.29%. [Conclusion] Using response surface method to optimize the anaerobic treatment of citric acid wastewater can result in optimized achievement.展开更多
Intercropping can improve field microclimates, decrease the incidence of crop diseases, and increase crop yields, but the reasons for this remain unknown. Solar radiation is the most important environmental influence....Intercropping can improve field microclimates, decrease the incidence of crop diseases, and increase crop yields, but the reasons for this remain unknown. Solar radiation is the most important environmental influence. To understand the mechanisms of intercropping we established an experiment consisting of three cropping patterns： a monocropping control {treatment A） and two intercropping treatments （B： two rows of maize and two rows of soybean intercropping; C： two rows of maize and four rows of soybean intercropping）. Results show that compared to monocropping, intercropping increased the amount of light penetrating to inferior leaves in maize plants. Light intensity reaching maize plants at the heading stage in intercropping increased over two-fold at 30 cm above ground and 10-fold at 70 cm above ground, compared with monocropping. At the flowering to maturity stage, light intensity at 110, 160 and 210 cm above ground among maize plants was greatly increased in intercropping compared with monocropping, by some five-fold, two-fold and 12%, respectively. Moreover, light intensity declined more slowly at the measured heights in the intercropping system compared with monocropping. From the 7-18th leaf, light intensity per leaf increased two-fold in intercropping compared with monocropping. Daily light duration increased more than a mean of 5 h per day per leaf in intercropping compared with monocropping. The biological characters of maize including thousand kernel weight, yield per plant and area of ear leaves were all greater in intercropping than monocropping. These results suggest that, for maize, intercropping improves light density and duration significantly and this may contribute to biomass and yield increases.展开更多
Job-shop scheduling problem with discretely controllable processing times (JSP-DCPT) is modeled based on the disjunctive graph, and the formulation of JSP-DCPT is presented. A three-step decomposition approach is prop...Job-shop scheduling problem with discretely controllable processing times (JSP-DCPT) is modeled based on the disjunctive graph, and the formulation of JSP-DCPT is presented. A three-step decomposition approach is proposed so that JSP-DCPT can be handled by solving a job-shop scheduling problem (JSP) and a series of discrete time-cost tradeoff problems. To simplify the decomposition approach, the time-cost phase plane is introduced to describe tradeoffs of the discrete time-cost tradeoff problem, and an extreme mode-based set dominant theory is elaborated so that an upper bound is determined to cut discrete time-cost tradeoff problems generated by using the proposed decomposition approach. An extreme mode-based set dominant decomposition algorithm (EMSDDA) is then proposed. Experimental simulations for instance JSPDCPT_FT10, which is designed based on a JSP benchmark FT10, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed theory and the decomposition approach.展开更多
Due to the excellent dynamic performance,the Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control has been widely used in various types of converters.However,when Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control is adopted,the swit...Due to the excellent dynamic performance,the Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control has been widely used in various types of converters.However,when Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control is adopted,the switching frequency of converters varies significantly with system operating conditions.Consequently,constant-frequency predictive control strategy has been proposed.Two active voltage vectors and a zero voltage vector are selected within each sampling period.The action time sequence is then calculated.Due to the unsymmetrical distribution of current variation rates around zero,the calculated value of the voltage-vector action time will turn up negative.According to common sense,the voltage-vector action time is greater than or equal to zero.The action time is normally forced to zero whenever a negative value is predicted,resulting in the control failure and performance deterioration.To solve this problem,this paper proposes modified strategy.The modified strategy examines the action time calculated out.When negative action time comes out,the modified strategy reselects the active voltage vector accordingly,instead of forcing the action time to be zero.Optimized action time sequence is further determined by minimizing the cost function.The effectiveness of the modified strategy is clearly verified by experimental tests,and analytical remarks are all founded in practical results.展开更多
Purpose： To observe the therapeutic effect of interventional embolization and haemorrhage control in multiple trauma patients with a major abdominal or pelvic injury. Methods： Data of 160 multiple trauma patients wi...Purpose： To observe the therapeutic effect of interventional embolization and haemorrhage control in multiple trauma patients with a major abdominal or pelvic injury. Methods： Data of 160 multiple trauma patients with a major abdominal or pelvic injury were retro- spectively analyzed. They were admitted into the Department of Emergency of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from October 2013 to April 2016. Eighty-seven patients who received emergent intervention for embolization and haemorrhage control were set as group A, including 72 males and 15 females, with an average age of （39.32 ±14.0） years. Patients underwent emergent intervention for embolization and hemostasis. The other 73 patients who received traditional surgeries were set as group B, including 62 males and 11 females, with an average age of （38.48 ± 13.12） years. The time from admission to emergency intervention, the time of interventional embolization, transfusion during hospitalization, length of stay and prognosis were observed. The whole treatment and prognosis were compared between group A and group B. Results： In group A, the average time from admission to intervention exploration was （132.05 ± 86.80） min, the average operation time was （149 ± 49.69） min, the average hospitalization time was （18.37±4.71 ） days, the average amount of RBC transfusion during hospitalization was （Z2 ± 4.33） units, and the mortality was 4.60% （4 patients died）. The corresponding data in group B were respectively （138.95± 82.49） min, （183 ± 52.39） min, （22.72 ± 6.63） days, （12.23 ± 5.43） units, and 9.59% （7 cases died）. There was no statistical difference in the time from admission to operation between the two groups （p 〉 0.05）, but there was statistical difference in operation time, RBC transfusion, hospitalization time, prognosis, and mortality between the two groups （all p 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The emergent intervention for embolization and haemorrhage control of multiple trauma patients with a major abdominal or pelvic injury and visceral organ haemorrhage has the advantages of less trauma, shorter operation time, shorter hospital stay, less blood transfusion in comparison to the traditional emergency surgeries.展开更多
We construct exact stationaxy solutions to the one-dimensional coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations for the two-species Bose-Einstein condensates with equal intraspecies and interspecies interaction constants. Three typ...We construct exact stationaxy solutions to the one-dimensional coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations for the two-species Bose-Einstein condensates with equal intraspecies and interspecies interaction constants. Three types of complex solutions as well as their soliton limits axe derived. By making use of the SU（2） unitary symmetry, we further obtain analytical time-evolving solutions. These solutions exhibit spatiotemporal periodicity.展开更多
Rashba effect in presence of a time-dependent interaction has been considered.Then time-evolution of such a system has been studied by using Lewis–Riesenfeld dynamical invariant and unitary transformation method.So a...Rashba effect in presence of a time-dependent interaction has been considered.Then time-evolution of such a system has been studied by using Lewis–Riesenfeld dynamical invariant and unitary transformation method.So appropriate dynamical invariant and unitary transformation according the considered system have been constructed as well as some special cases have come into this article which are common in physics.展开更多
基金Supported by Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education(12YJC630050)Soft Science Bidding Project of Ministry of Agriculture(20140203)+1 种基金Jiangxi Soft Science Fund(20141BBA10065)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Education Department(GJJ137-27)~~
文摘This paper constructed pig supply chain based on theoretical study and practical research, then analyzed the operation model of pig supply chain from tem- poral and spatial perspectives. The results showed that from the spatial perspective, pig supply chain had five models of operation, such as vertical integration pig sup- ply chain, quasi-vertical integration pig supply chain （tightly-knit pig supply chain）, semi-tightly pig supply chain, loosely-organized pig supply chain and market-oriented pig supply chain. In contrast, from temporal aspect, pig supply chain experiences the pure market transaction, contract form, cooperatives, vertical integration and hori- zontal integration model of operation; the future pig supply chain model in China might be the longitudinal transverse group alliance pig supply chain, namely, the upper vertical integration or quasi-vertical integration （leading processing enterprise ＋ farmer） and down horizontal integration （leading processing enterprises ＋ logistics company ＋ sales）, and it would be a kind of competition among interest groups by division of cooperation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（20776119） the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China（2007AA03Z456A） the Special Research Program of the Education Department of Shaanxi Province（07JK417）
文摘In order to improve the production of human-like collagen III(HLC III)by fed-batch culture of recombinant Escherichia coli BL21,the Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design were applied to optimize the fermentation process parameters.Three variables(induction time,inoculum age and pH),which have significant effects on HLC III production,were selected from eight variables by Plackett-Burman design.With the regression coefficient analysis in the Box-Behnken design,a relationship between HLC III production and three significant factors was obtained,and the optimum levels of the three variables were as follows:induction time 3.2h,inoculum age 12.6 h and pH 6.7.The 3D response surface plots and 2D contour plots created by the Box-Behnken design showed that the interaction between induction time and pH and that between innoculum age and pH were significant.An average 9.68 g·L1HLC III production was attained in the validation experiment under optimized condition,which was 80%higher than the yield of 5.36 g·L1before optimization.
基金Project(2013ZX04013047)supported by the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(51275014)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The reliability of electromechanical product is usually determined by the fault number and working time traditionally. The shortcoming of this method is that the product must be in service. To design and enhance the reliability of the electromechanical product, the reliability evaluation method must be feasible and correct. Reliability evaluation method and algorithm were proposed. The reliability of product can be calculated by the reliability of subsystems which can be gained by experiment or historical data. The reliability of the machining center was evaluated by the method and algorithm as one example. The calculation result shows that the solution accuracy of mean time between failures is 97.4% calculated by the method proposed in this article compared by the traditional method. The method and algorithm can be used to evaluate the reliability of electromechanical product before it is in service.
文摘On the basis of strict mathematical description about Failure_Free Period Life Test (FFPLT), the statistical properties of the tests and optimal confidence limit of the parameter are discussed in detail and corresponding calculating formulae are found out.
文摘In the context of his thoughts on the relationship between music and time in his Musical Writings, Adorno refers often to the above quoted thesis. This paradoxicality, attributed to particular symphonies of Beethoven, tends to become a fixed idea in the context of his thoughts on musical time. Adorno adopts Hegel＇s understanding of time as process of permanent overcoming of instants. He finds an analogy between instant and musical motive, based on the common, in Hegel＇s and Beethoven＇s systems, notion of the working-out of an idea and of a musical structure respectively. He then tries to include in the process of becoming extended and reappearing formal parts, such as themes and expositions. How could he find a convergence between permanent formal growth and persistence of formal parts, which distinguishes a musical work from an improvisation？ In order to transcend this immanent antinomy, he applies Hegelian logical principles.
基金Supported by Foundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province under Grant No.20060160the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under Grant No.Y6100098+1 种基金the National Natural Scinece Foundation of China under Grant No.11074062the funding support from Hangzhou Normal University
文摘By taking into account spatial degrees of freedom of atoms, we study the internal-state disentanglement dynamics of two atoms interacting with a vacuum multi-mode noise field. We show that the complete internal-state disentanglement of the two atoms, caused due to the atomic spontaneous emission can be achieved in a finite time.
文摘According to Brazilian reports of large trucks accidents on Federal Highway, fatigue and speeding are the major contributors to those accidents in which drivers are trying to meet short delivery deadlines for long hauls. A new federal law has been approved to limit truck drivers＇ working times, including maximum continuous driving time and maximum daily and weekly on-duty time. We present a study that aims at analyzing whether the existing resting areas on federal highways have sufficient capacity to meet current and future demand for truck stops. We have established the following method： In the first step, we review and study different models found in the literature and evaluate their potential application to Brazilian conditions; In the next step, we develop our own model and, finally, validate it using data from BR-101 Federal Highway, in Santa Catarina State. Tests made using part of collected data （which were subjected to statistical treatment） showed satisfactory results, indicating that the demand behavior was consistent with that observed in the field and the answers provided by truck drivers in the interviews. The research has yet to complete processing all data and it also must be repeated in other regions with different characteristics.
文摘This study examines long work hours and work-life balance in relation to wage level, workaholism, and consumerism in both Korea and Japan. Findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the hypothesis that the wages and working hours have positive but differential effects depending on wage level categories are supported. Second, effects of cultural factors, such as workaholism and consumerism, on long work hours, however, are not significant in both countries. Third, for Korean manual workers, the probability of working long hours is high, but the level of time scarcity is low; but the effect of union membership on long work hours is not significant in both Korea and Japan. Fourth, the hypothesis that negative effects of long work hours and time scarcity on satisfaction with work-life balance are supported. These findings suggest that an increase in wage for non-regular workers and a minimum wage are required to reduce working hours. In addition, they also suggest that reducing working hours, overtime work in particular, and wage gap are crucial to raising the level of satisfaction with work-life balance in both Korea and Japan.
文摘This study develops geospatial analysis of terrestrial carbon exchange for the conterminous United State and estimates large-scale NEP （net ecosystem production） dynamic from 2008 to 2013. We apply land-use and land-cover data in order to coherently include cropland, forest, wetland and other ecologically active landscapes in the mapping. Our results show a distribution of high harvest carbon release in the Corn Belt states, in addition to hot spots around the US in areas like Southern California and Arizona. Harvest carbon is low in areas in the southern United States, and central/southern Appalachian Mountains. We identify NEP changes for coupled agricultural, forest and other high-carbon-uptake ecosystems systems, conversions to and from crop, and land in frequent conversion among forest, wetland, pasture and rangeland. Findings from this study will provide important information to support and promote the co-production of science and decision-making.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to obtain higher COD removal rate so as to guide the process of citric acid industrial wastewater. [Method] The effects of controllable factors, acidification time, hydraulic retention time, and influent COD concentration, in-anaerobic treatment process of citric acid wastewater on COD removal rate were studied and the COD removal rate was optimized by response surface method. [Result] There was no interaction between acidification time and the other two factors. It was showed that hydraulic retention time and influent COD concentration had significant effect on COD removal rate and there was interaction between the two factors. The optimum COD removing process conditions was as follows: acidification time 1.53 h, hydraulic retention time 3.52 h and influent COD concentration 2 698 mg/L. Under the optimized conditions, the COD removal rate was 93.31% and it was much closed to the experimental result, 93.29%. [Conclusion] Using response surface method to optimize the anaerobic treatment of citric acid wastewater can result in optimized achievement.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (2011CB100400)
文摘Intercropping can improve field microclimates, decrease the incidence of crop diseases, and increase crop yields, but the reasons for this remain unknown. Solar radiation is the most important environmental influence. To understand the mechanisms of intercropping we established an experiment consisting of three cropping patterns： a monocropping control {treatment A） and two intercropping treatments （B： two rows of maize and two rows of soybean intercropping; C： two rows of maize and four rows of soybean intercropping）. Results show that compared to monocropping, intercropping increased the amount of light penetrating to inferior leaves in maize plants. Light intensity reaching maize plants at the heading stage in intercropping increased over two-fold at 30 cm above ground and 10-fold at 70 cm above ground, compared with monocropping. At the flowering to maturity stage, light intensity at 110, 160 and 210 cm above ground among maize plants was greatly increased in intercropping compared with monocropping, by some five-fold, two-fold and 12%, respectively. Moreover, light intensity declined more slowly at the measured heights in the intercropping system compared with monocropping. From the 7-18th leaf, light intensity per leaf increased two-fold in intercropping compared with monocropping. Daily light duration increased more than a mean of 5 h per day per leaf in intercropping compared with monocropping. The biological characters of maize including thousand kernel weight, yield per plant and area of ear leaves were all greater in intercropping than monocropping. These results suggest that, for maize, intercropping improves light density and duration significantly and this may contribute to biomass and yield increases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51075337, 50705076, 50705077)the Natural Sci-ence Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (Grant No. 2009JQ9002)
文摘Job-shop scheduling problem with discretely controllable processing times (JSP-DCPT) is modeled based on the disjunctive graph, and the formulation of JSP-DCPT is presented. A three-step decomposition approach is proposed so that JSP-DCPT can be handled by solving a job-shop scheduling problem (JSP) and a series of discrete time-cost tradeoff problems. To simplify the decomposition approach, the time-cost phase plane is introduced to describe tradeoffs of the discrete time-cost tradeoff problem, and an extreme mode-based set dominant theory is elaborated so that an upper bound is determined to cut discrete time-cost tradeoff problems generated by using the proposed decomposition approach. An extreme mode-based set dominant decomposition algorithm (EMSDDA) is then proposed. Experimental simulations for instance JSPDCPT_FT10, which is designed based on a JSP benchmark FT10, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed theory and the decomposition approach.
基金supported in part by the National Key Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No. 2013CB035602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51107084)the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No. 20100032120081)
文摘Due to the excellent dynamic performance,the Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control has been widely used in various types of converters.However,when Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control is adopted,the switching frequency of converters varies significantly with system operating conditions.Consequently,constant-frequency predictive control strategy has been proposed.Two active voltage vectors and a zero voltage vector are selected within each sampling period.The action time sequence is then calculated.Due to the unsymmetrical distribution of current variation rates around zero,the calculated value of the voltage-vector action time will turn up negative.According to common sense,the voltage-vector action time is greater than or equal to zero.The action time is normally forced to zero whenever a negative value is predicted,resulting in the control failure and performance deterioration.To solve this problem,this paper proposes modified strategy.The modified strategy examines the action time calculated out.When negative action time comes out,the modified strategy reselects the active voltage vector accordingly,instead of forcing the action time to be zero.Optimized action time sequence is further determined by minimizing the cost function.The effectiveness of the modified strategy is clearly verified by experimental tests,and analytical remarks are all founded in practical results.
文摘Purpose： To observe the therapeutic effect of interventional embolization and haemorrhage control in multiple trauma patients with a major abdominal or pelvic injury. Methods： Data of 160 multiple trauma patients with a major abdominal or pelvic injury were retro- spectively analyzed. They were admitted into the Department of Emergency of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from October 2013 to April 2016. Eighty-seven patients who received emergent intervention for embolization and haemorrhage control were set as group A, including 72 males and 15 females, with an average age of （39.32 ±14.0） years. Patients underwent emergent intervention for embolization and hemostasis. The other 73 patients who received traditional surgeries were set as group B, including 62 males and 11 females, with an average age of （38.48 ± 13.12） years. The time from admission to emergency intervention, the time of interventional embolization, transfusion during hospitalization, length of stay and prognosis were observed. The whole treatment and prognosis were compared between group A and group B. Results： In group A, the average time from admission to intervention exploration was （132.05 ± 86.80） min, the average operation time was （149 ± 49.69） min, the average hospitalization time was （18.37±4.71 ） days, the average amount of RBC transfusion during hospitalization was （Z2 ± 4.33） units, and the mortality was 4.60% （4 patients died）. The corresponding data in group B were respectively （138.95± 82.49） min, （183 ± 52.39） min, （22.72 ± 6.63） days, （12.23 ± 5.43） units, and 9.59% （7 cases died）. There was no statistical difference in the time from admission to operation between the two groups （p 〉 0.05）, but there was statistical difference in operation time, RBC transfusion, hospitalization time, prognosis, and mortality between the two groups （all p 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The emergent intervention for embolization and haemorrhage control of multiple trauma patients with a major abdominal or pelvic injury and visceral organ haemorrhage has the advantages of less trauma, shorter operation time, shorter hospital stay, less blood transfusion in comparison to the traditional emergency surgeries.
基金Supported by funds from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China under Grant No.2012CB821403by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11374036
文摘We construct exact stationaxy solutions to the one-dimensional coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations for the two-species Bose-Einstein condensates with equal intraspecies and interspecies interaction constants. Three types of complex solutions as well as their soliton limits axe derived. By making use of the SU（2） unitary symmetry, we further obtain analytical time-evolving solutions. These solutions exhibit spatiotemporal periodicity.
文摘Rashba effect in presence of a time-dependent interaction has been considered.Then time-evolution of such a system has been studied by using Lewis–Riesenfeld dynamical invariant and unitary transformation method.So appropriate dynamical invariant and unitary transformation according the considered system have been constructed as well as some special cases have come into this article which are common in physics.
