随着世界各地人口年龄和预期寿命的增加,预计发生髋部骨折的老年人数量将逐年增多。髋部骨折好发于老年患者,早期手术修复作为其关键治疗方式能最大限度地减少并发症、降低死亡率,老年患者髋部手术后谵妄的发生率在4%~53%之间,是老年患...随着世界各地人口年龄和预期寿命的增加,预计发生髋部骨折的老年人数量将逐年增多。髋部骨折好发于老年患者,早期手术修复作为其关键治疗方式能最大限度地减少并发症、降低死亡率,老年患者髋部手术后谵妄的发生率在4%~53%之间,是老年患者最常见的手术并发症,与功能预后不良、住院时间延长及死亡率升高有关。术后谵妄的危险因素众多,有研究表明多达三分之一的高危患者可以预防谵妄的发生。针对其危险因素背后的机制探索可能帮助我们能更好地筛查和预防,更有针对性地制定围术期的医疗保健计划,从而在髋部骨折治疗后获得尽可能好的手术结果和更好的生活质量。As the age and life expectancy of populations around the world increase, the number of older people suffering hip fractures is expected to increase year by year. Hip fracture tends to occur in elderly patients, and early surgical repair as a key treatment can minimize complications and reduce mortality. The incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients ranges from 4% to 53%, and it is the most common surgical complication in elderly patients, which is associated with poor functional prognosis, prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality. There are many risk factors for postoperative delirium. Studies have shown that up to a third of high-risk patients can prevent delirium. Exploring the mechanism behind the risk factors may help us to better screen and prevent them, and develop a more targeted perioperative health care plan, so as to obtain the best possible surgical outcome and better quality of life after hip fracture treatment.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨远端缺血预处理(remote ischemic preconditioning,RIPC)对髋部骨折老年患者术后1年发生心血管不良事件(major adverse cardiovascular events,MACEs)的影响。方法:2015年4月至2020年5月经手术治疗髋部骨折老年患者314例,男116例,女198例;年龄60-76岁;均为美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)Ⅱ-Ⅲ级。所有患者进行常规麻醉,根据是否进行RIPC将患者分为两组,157例在常规麻醉基础上应用RIPC为干预组,男56例,女101例,年龄(68.12±7.13)岁;另157例为对照组,男60例,女97例,年龄(68.24±7.05)岁。对比分析两组患者术后1年的MACEs事件。结果:应用RIPC髋部骨折患者术后1年发生心肌梗死、心力衰竭、脑卒中、非致命性心搏停止、冠状动脉血运重建术、严重心律失常、周围动脉血栓形成、心血管疾病再住院、术后1年全因死亡影响的OR值分别是1.269、1.304、0.977、1.089、1.315、1.335、0.896、0.774、1.191,但差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:髋部骨折术后1年内,RIPC并未明显影响改变主要心血管不良事件的发生。非心脏手术中RIPC对临床心血管结局的长期影响需要在适当的随机临床试验中得到证实。
文摘随着世界各地人口年龄和预期寿命的增加,预计发生髋部骨折的老年人数量将逐年增多。髋部骨折好发于老年患者,早期手术修复作为其关键治疗方式能最大限度地减少并发症、降低死亡率,老年患者髋部手术后谵妄的发生率在4%~53%之间,是老年患者最常见的手术并发症,与功能预后不良、住院时间延长及死亡率升高有关。术后谵妄的危险因素众多,有研究表明多达三分之一的高危患者可以预防谵妄的发生。针对其危险因素背后的机制探索可能帮助我们能更好地筛查和预防,更有针对性地制定围术期的医疗保健计划,从而在髋部骨折治疗后获得尽可能好的手术结果和更好的生活质量。As the age and life expectancy of populations around the world increase, the number of older people suffering hip fractures is expected to increase year by year. Hip fracture tends to occur in elderly patients, and early surgical repair as a key treatment can minimize complications and reduce mortality. The incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients ranges from 4% to 53%, and it is the most common surgical complication in elderly patients, which is associated with poor functional prognosis, prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality. There are many risk factors for postoperative delirium. Studies have shown that up to a third of high-risk patients can prevent delirium. Exploring the mechanism behind the risk factors may help us to better screen and prevent them, and develop a more targeted perioperative health care plan, so as to obtain the best possible surgical outcome and better quality of life after hip fracture treatment.
