To determine the replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils in the diet of juvenile Jade perch Scortum barcoo, four feeds with each a different oil （fish, sunflower, linseed and a mixture of 75% canola and 25% linse...To determine the replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils in the diet of juvenile Jade perch Scortum barcoo, four feeds with each a different oil （fish, sunflower, linseed and a mixture of 75% canola and 25% linseed oil）, were fed to Jade perch reared in recirculating aquaculture systems （RAS）. The trial lasted for 10 weeks and the fatty acid （FA） profile of both feed and fish muscle tissue were examined. There was no difference in growth, feed conversion rate （FCR） and mortality. The fish grew from 10 g to 110 g with a FCR of 1.25 and 0 mortality. The FA profile of the fish muscle tissue reflected the FA profile of the feed. The flesh of the fish that were fed the linseed oil diet, were extremely high in omega-3 （n-3） polyunsaturated FA （n-3 PUFA） with 3.75% of wet weight. This is one of the highest concentrations of n-3 PUFA ever recorded in fish flesh. In a finishing feeding test, the remaining vegetable oil fed fish were fed the fish oil diet for another two weeks immediately after the 10 weeks trial, to check for a possible recovery of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids （HUFA）. The wash out rate of FA towards n-3 HUFA in the muscle tissue was about 25% over this two weeks period.展开更多
Microalgae Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Nannochloropsis oculata were cultured at 15,20,25,30,and 35℃ and their properties as potential biofuel resources were examined.The results indicate that T.subcordiformis and ...Microalgae Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Nannochloropsis oculata were cultured at 15,20,25,30,and 35℃ and their properties as potential biofuel resources were examined.The results indicate that T.subcordiformis and N.oculata grew best at 20℃ and 25℃ and yielded the highest total lipids at 20℃and 30℃,respectively.With increased temperature,neutral lipid and polyunsaturated fatty acids(FAs)decreased while saturated FAs increased,accompanied by increased monounsaturated FAs(MUFAs) in T.subcordiformis and decreased MUFAs in N.oculata;meanwhile,the predicted cetane number of FA methyl esters increased from 45.3 to 47.6 in T.subcordiformis and from 52.3 to 60.3 in N.oculata.Therefore,optimizing culture temperatures is important for improving microalgal biodiesel production.展开更多
Fatty acid composition of Sesamum indicum oil was determined by gas chromatography and the response of hypercholesterolemic rats to diet supplemented with Sesamum indicum seed oil was investigated. Twenty four rats we...Fatty acid composition of Sesamum indicum oil was determined by gas chromatography and the response of hypercholesterolemic rats to diet supplemented with Sesamum indicum seed oil was investigated. Twenty four rats weighing between 120-130 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Group A was fed normal diet, Group B, C and D were fed hypercholesterolemic diet （i.e. 20% fat ＋ 1% cholesterol） for two weeks to establish hypercholesterolemia. Group B were maintained on hyper diet while C and D were fed 5% and 10% benniseed oil supplemented diet for four weeks. Plasma was collected and analyzed for TC （total cholesterol）, HDL-C （high density lipoprotein）, LDL-C （low density lipoprotein） and TG （triglycerides） levels. Linoleic acid （42.44%） and oleic acid （40.60%） were the major unsaturated fatty acid in the oil. Significant increase （P 〈 0.05） was observed in the TC, TG, LDL and LDL/HDL ratio of the hypercholesterolemic rats compared to the normal control. Supplementation with Sesamum indicum seed oil at 5% and 10% levels resulted in significant decrease （P 〈 0.05） in TC, TG, LDL and LDL/HDL ratio, and significant increase in the HDL-C. The high level of unsaturated fatty acid in the oil may in part be responsible for the hypocholesterolemic effect of the oil.展开更多
The possibility of improving egg yolk lipids of laying hens by olive cake （OC） feeding was investigated. Forty-two, 54-week-old, Lohman laying hens were fed for 12 weeks on 3 diets formulated to contain 0, 28.5 or 5...The possibility of improving egg yolk lipids of laying hens by olive cake （OC） feeding was investigated. Forty-two, 54-week-old, Lohman laying hens were fed for 12 weeks on 3 diets formulated to contain 0, 28.5 or 57 g OC/kg. Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins （HDL） were determined. Also total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins （LDL）, Phospholipids and fatty acids were determined in egg yolk. Olive cake feeding at 28.5 or 57 g/kg diet decreased cholesterol and triglycerides of plasma, without affecting HDL. It also decreased total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL and Phospholipids of yolk （P 〈 0.001）. Total （monounsaturated fatty acids, MUFA） was decreased with OC feeding at 28.5 g/kg diet, while it was increased with the 57 g/kg dietary OC. The two levels of OC decreased total （saturated fatty acids, SFA） but increased total （polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA）, n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA of egg yolk, compared to the control. Thus, according to the results of the present experiment feeding hens 57 g OC/kg diet lowers cholesterol and total SFA and increases total MUFA, total PUFA, total n-3 PUFA and docosahexanoic acid in egg yolk.展开更多
Marine fish are incapable or have a deft- cient capacity to synthesize highly unsaturated fatty acids （HUFA） from C18 precursors, and thus fish meal and fish oil （FO） are needed in their formulated diets.
文摘To determine the replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils in the diet of juvenile Jade perch Scortum barcoo, four feeds with each a different oil （fish, sunflower, linseed and a mixture of 75% canola and 25% linseed oil）, were fed to Jade perch reared in recirculating aquaculture systems （RAS）. The trial lasted for 10 weeks and the fatty acid （FA） profile of both feed and fish muscle tissue were examined. There was no difference in growth, feed conversion rate （FCR） and mortality. The fish grew from 10 g to 110 g with a FCR of 1.25 and 0 mortality. The FA profile of the fish muscle tissue reflected the FA profile of the feed. The flesh of the fish that were fed the linseed oil diet, were extremely high in omega-3 （n-3） polyunsaturated FA （n-3 PUFA） with 3.75% of wet weight. This is one of the highest concentrations of n-3 PUFA ever recorded in fish flesh. In a finishing feeding test, the remaining vegetable oil fed fish were fed the fish oil diet for another two weeks immediately after the 10 weeks trial, to check for a possible recovery of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids （HUFA）. The wash out rate of FA towards n-3 HUFA in the muscle tissue was about 25% over this two weeks period.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2009AA064401)the Special Fundation for Marine Renewable Energy from the State Oceanic Administration of China(No.SHME2011SW02)the Shanghai Universities First-class Disciplines Project of Fisheries(A)
文摘Microalgae Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Nannochloropsis oculata were cultured at 15,20,25,30,and 35℃ and their properties as potential biofuel resources were examined.The results indicate that T.subcordiformis and N.oculata grew best at 20℃ and 25℃ and yielded the highest total lipids at 20℃and 30℃,respectively.With increased temperature,neutral lipid and polyunsaturated fatty acids(FAs)decreased while saturated FAs increased,accompanied by increased monounsaturated FAs(MUFAs) in T.subcordiformis and decreased MUFAs in N.oculata;meanwhile,the predicted cetane number of FA methyl esters increased from 45.3 to 47.6 in T.subcordiformis and from 52.3 to 60.3 in N.oculata.Therefore,optimizing culture temperatures is important for improving microalgal biodiesel production.
文摘Fatty acid composition of Sesamum indicum oil was determined by gas chromatography and the response of hypercholesterolemic rats to diet supplemented with Sesamum indicum seed oil was investigated. Twenty four rats weighing between 120-130 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Group A was fed normal diet, Group B, C and D were fed hypercholesterolemic diet （i.e. 20% fat ＋ 1% cholesterol） for two weeks to establish hypercholesterolemia. Group B were maintained on hyper diet while C and D were fed 5% and 10% benniseed oil supplemented diet for four weeks. Plasma was collected and analyzed for TC （total cholesterol）, HDL-C （high density lipoprotein）, LDL-C （low density lipoprotein） and TG （triglycerides） levels. Linoleic acid （42.44%） and oleic acid （40.60%） were the major unsaturated fatty acid in the oil. Significant increase （P 〈 0.05） was observed in the TC, TG, LDL and LDL/HDL ratio of the hypercholesterolemic rats compared to the normal control. Supplementation with Sesamum indicum seed oil at 5% and 10% levels resulted in significant decrease （P 〈 0.05） in TC, TG, LDL and LDL/HDL ratio, and significant increase in the HDL-C. The high level of unsaturated fatty acid in the oil may in part be responsible for the hypocholesterolemic effect of the oil.
文摘The possibility of improving egg yolk lipids of laying hens by olive cake （OC） feeding was investigated. Forty-two, 54-week-old, Lohman laying hens were fed for 12 weeks on 3 diets formulated to contain 0, 28.5 or 57 g OC/kg. Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins （HDL） were determined. Also total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins （LDL）, Phospholipids and fatty acids were determined in egg yolk. Olive cake feeding at 28.5 or 57 g/kg diet decreased cholesterol and triglycerides of plasma, without affecting HDL. It also decreased total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL and Phospholipids of yolk （P 〈 0.001）. Total （monounsaturated fatty acids, MUFA） was decreased with OC feeding at 28.5 g/kg diet, while it was increased with the 57 g/kg dietary OC. The two levels of OC decreased total （saturated fatty acids, SFA） but increased total （polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA）, n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA of egg yolk, compared to the control. Thus, according to the results of the present experiment feeding hens 57 g OC/kg diet lowers cholesterol and total SFA and increases total MUFA, total PUFA, total n-3 PUFA and docosahexanoic acid in egg yolk.
文摘Marine fish are incapable or have a deft- cient capacity to synthesize highly unsaturated fatty acids （HUFA） from C18 precursors, and thus fish meal and fish oil （FO） are needed in their formulated diets.
