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茶树叶片黄化变异相关的CAB基因家族鉴定及关键基因挖掘
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作者 钟思彤 张亚真 +6 位作者 游小妹 陈志辉 孔祥瑞 林郑和 伍慧妮 金珊 陈常颂 《茶叶科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期175-192,共18页
捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白(Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein,CAB)基因家族成员在植物叶片黄化变异中具有重要作用。本研究利用铁观音(Camellia sinensis Tieguanyin)基因组数据对CAB基因家族进行了筛选,并进行了生物信... 捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白(Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein,CAB)基因家族成员在植物叶片黄化变异中具有重要作用。本研究利用铁观音(Camellia sinensis Tieguanyin)基因组数据对CAB基因家族进行了筛选,并进行了生物信息学和表达模式分析;进一步以不同黄化、绿叶茶树品种(系)为材料,通过基因克隆和qRT-PCR,分析CABs基因的表达特性,结合叶色参数和叶绿素SPAD值的相关性分析筛选出与茶树黄化变异相关的关键CAB基因。结果表明,共鉴定到25个CAB基因家族成员,其氨基酸长度为167~337个,蛋白分子质量为18.5~37.1 kDa,大部分CAB成员属于稳定性蛋白和疏水性蛋白,并且亚细胞定位预测在叶绿体上;根据进化关系25个CAB家族成员分为13个亚家族,Lhcb1亚族的成员数量最多;启动子分析显示,CAB家族成员启动子中包含大量的光响应元件,还有其他与植物生长发育、激素和逆境胁迫响应相关的元件。从茶树中克隆Lhcb1亚家族成员,通过序列比对筛选出CAB1、CAB6和CAB7基因;表达分析显示,CAB1、CAB6和CAB7基因都具有组织表达特异性,在芽、叶和果实中表达量较高,并能响应多种逆境胁迫。qRT-PCR分析发现,CAB1、CAB6和CAB7基因在黄、绿茶树的叶片中具有一致的表达特性:与正常绿叶相比,黄化叶片中的CABs基因表达均显著下调;通过与叶色参数和叶绿素SPAD值的相关性分析,发现CAB1、CAB6和CAB7表达量与叶色参数a、b、L值以及叶绿素SPAD值均呈极显著相关(P<0.01),其中CAB1的基因表达量与叶色相关参数和叶绿素SPAD值的相关性最显著;烟草亚细胞定位结果显示,CAB1在细胞核、细胞膜和叶绿体上均有分布。以上研究初步解析了茶树CAB家族成员的基本特征,挖掘出与茶树叶色变异紧密相关CAB基因,后续可作为候选关键基因进行深入研究,以期为茶树叶色变异的分子调控机制的研究提供理论基础。 展开更多
关键词 茶树 捕光叶绿素a/b结合蛋白 叶色黄化变异 基因克隆 表达分析
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黄化变异对英红九号红茶香气的影响 被引量:8
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作者 陈维 祁丹丹 +3 位作者 王雯雯 苗爱清 庞式 马成英 《现代食品科技》 EI CAS 北大核心 2018年第10期231-239,共9页
英红九号的黄化变异植株嫩梢存在叶绿体发育缺陷,叶片光合作用与代谢积累的改变或会影响茶叶品质。为明确黄化变异对红茶香气的影响,本文分别以黄化变异和叶色正常英红九号为原料加工试验和对照红碎茶,比较样品间感官香气与化合物的变... 英红九号的黄化变异植株嫩梢存在叶绿体发育缺陷,叶片光合作用与代谢积累的改变或会影响茶叶品质。为明确黄化变异对红茶香气的影响,本文分别以黄化变异和叶色正常英红九号为原料加工试验和对照红碎茶,比较样品间感官香气与化合物的变化。感官审评结果表明,黄化红碎茶的香气浓度整体弱于对照,尤其在甜度与鲜度上。利用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-串联质谱法,从两组样品中鉴别出56种香气化合物。依据出现频次和单因素方差分析筛选出49种差异成分,随后进行化学计量分析与基于衍生途径的分类。结果表明,利用49种化合物作为主成分能清晰区分两组样品;10种化合物有组成差异,其中黄化样品的香气种类较少;39种化合物有含量差异,其中28种化合物在黄化样品中显著下降,11种上升。差异香气主要涉及脂肪酸、类胡萝卜素氧化和萜类代谢相关的衍生途径。 展开更多
关键词 茶叶 黄化变异 红茶 香气化合物 气味 顶空固相微萃取 气相色谱-串联质谱
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黄茶“中黄2号”的亚细胞结构透射电镜观察 被引量:5
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作者 韦康 王丽鸳 +4 位作者 王新超 陈建兴 胡惜丽 杨广谊 成浩 《食品与生物技术学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2017年第12期1246-1250,共5页
利用透射电镜技术研究了黄化品种"中黄2号"与正常品种"龙井43"第2、6叶的亚细胞结构差异。结果发现中黄2号与龙井43在细胞核、胞质、线粒体、高尔基体等亚细胞结构和分布规律方面基本一致,而叶绿体结构则有较大差... 利用透射电镜技术研究了黄化品种"中黄2号"与正常品种"龙井43"第2、6叶的亚细胞结构差异。结果发现中黄2号与龙井43在细胞核、胞质、线粒体、高尔基体等亚细胞结构和分布规律方面基本一致,而叶绿体结构则有较大差异。中黄2号第2叶叶绿体明显偏小,且基粒片层堆叠少于龙井43。其第6叶片层堆叠多于第二叶,但仍少于龙井43。叶绿体内片层堆叠情况与其含量测定结果一致。同时,遮荫处理后中黄2号叶色变绿,叶绿体片层堆叠也增多。研究发现,中黄2号的黄化可能与其叶绿体基粒片层合成受阻有关,该结果为深入解析中黄2号黄化的机理打下基础。 展开更多
关键词 茶'黄化变异品种 中黄2号 叶绿体 透射电镜
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Spatial and temporal variation of picoplankton distribution in the Yellow Sea, China 被引量:2
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作者 赵苑 赵丽 +4 位作者 肖天 赵三军 宣基亮 李超伦 宁修仁 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第1期150-161,共12页
Seven surveys were carried out in April, September, October, December 2006 and March, May, August 2007 in the Yellow Sea, China. Variations in the spatial and temporal distribution of Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes and... Seven surveys were carried out in April, September, October, December 2006 and March, May, August 2007 in the Yellow Sea, China. Variations in the spatial and temporal distribution of Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes and heterotrophic bacteria are quantified using flow cytometry. Synechococcus and heterotrophic bacteria are most abundant from late spring to autumn, while picoeukaryotes concentration is high in spring. Synechococcus and heterotrophic bacteria concentrated high in the northwest part of the Yellow Sea in spring and autumn, while picoeukaryotes distributed evenly over the whole study area except for a small frontal zone in the coastal area on the west (in spring) and central Yellow Sea (in autumn). Under mixing conditions, the vertical distribution of the three picoplankton groups showed a well-mixed pattern. Upon a well-established stratification, the maximum abundance of picoplankton occurred above the mixed layer depth (-30 m). Cell sizes of Synechococcus and picoeukaryotes were estimated by converting forward scatter signals (FSC) from cytometry analysis to cell diameter, showing the results of 0.65-0.82 um for Synechococcus and 0.85-1.08 um for picoeukaryotes. The average integrated carbon biomasses ranged 15.26-312.62 mgC/m2 for Synechococcus, 18.54-51.57 mgC/m2 for picoeukaryotes, and 402.63-818.46 mgC/m2 for heterotrophic bacteria. The distribution of Synechococcus and heterotrophic bacteria was temperature dependent, and picoplankton presence was poor in the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass. 展开更多
关键词 SYNECHOCOCCUS PICOEUKARYOTES heterotrophic bacteria DISTRIBUTION Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass
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茶树‘湘妃翠’黄化枝光合生理与组织学 被引量:6
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作者 张晨禹 王铭涵 +5 位作者 高羲之 郭书凝 李娟 林海燕 刘青如 沈程文 《分子植物育种》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第23期7892-7900,共9页
黄化突变是茶树叶色变异中的一个重要分支,研究其光合生理特征及生理结构变化规律对于揭示黄化茶树对环境的响应机理具有重要意义。在湖南农业大学‘湘妃翠’茶树母本园中,发现一株茶树上生长出数枝黄化枝条。通过对黄化单株黄化叶(YPEL... 黄化突变是茶树叶色变异中的一个重要分支,研究其光合生理特征及生理结构变化规律对于揭示黄化茶树对环境的响应机理具有重要意义。在湖南农业大学‘湘妃翠’茶树母本园中,发现一株茶树上生长出数枝黄化枝条。通过对黄化单株黄化叶(YPEL)、黄化单株正常叶(YPNL)以及正常株正常叶(NPNL)的叶绿体色素含量、超微结构、叶绿素荧光参数及解剖结构进行研究。结果表明:YPEL叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量极显著低于YPNL和NPNL;YPEL叶绿体面积与基粒片层有效堆叠明显少于NPNL,YPEL叶绿体中出现淀粉粒、嗜锇颗粒和囊状小泡异常增多现象;YPEL叶绿素荧光参数Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qP、qN值极显著低于YPNL和NPNL,而Fo、NPQ值则极显著高于YPNL和NPNL;黄化叶主脉厚度极显著小于NPNL(15.96%),栅栏组织厚度/海绵组织厚度显著高于NPNL(37.09%),YPEL茎髓细胞面积极显著小于NPNL(43.86%)。研究表明,‘湘妃翠’黄化单株叶色黄化的直接原因可能是因为叶绿体结构瓦解,导致叶绿素及类胡萝卜素的生物合成受阻;而叶绿体结构瓦解也严重影响了黄化叶的光合作用,导致黄化叶受到光抑制与光氧化。黄化枝通过改变叶与茎的生理结构比例,减少养分消耗并增强营养物质的储存能力,从而保证其正常发育与生长。 展开更多
关键词 茶树(Camellia sinensis L.O.Kuntze) 黄化变异 叶绿素荧光 解剖结构
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Molecular variability and evolution of a natural population of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Shanghai,China
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作者 Xiu-ling YANG Meng-ning ZHOU +2 位作者 Ya-juan QIAN Yan XIE Xue-ping ZHOU 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第2期133-142,共10页
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), belonging to the genus Begomovirus of the family Geminiviridae, is emerging as the most destructive pathogen of tomato plants. Since the first report of TYLCV in Shanghai, Chin... Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), belonging to the genus Begomovirus of the family Geminiviridae, is emerging as the most destructive pathogen of tomato plants. Since the first report of TYLCV in Shanghai, China in 2006, TYLCV has spread rapidly to 13 provinces or autonomous regions of China. In this study, the molecular varia- bility and evolution of TYLCV were monitored in Shanghai from its first upsurge in 2006 until 2010. Full-length genomic sequences of 26 isolates were obtained by rolling circle amplification. Sequence analysis showed that the intergenic region was the most variable, with a mean mutation rate of 4.81×10-3 nucleotide substitutions per site per year. Ge- netic differentiation was found within isolates obtained from 2006, 2009, and 2010, though a linear increase in genetic diversity over time was not evident. Whilst significant parts of TYLCV genes were under negative selection, the C4 gene embedded entirely within the C1 gene had a tendency to undergo positive selection. Our results indicate that a mechanism of independent evolution of overlapping regions could apply to the natural population of TYLCV in Shanghai, China. 展开更多
关键词 Molecular variability Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) GEMINIVIRUS EVOLUTION
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Spatio-Temporal Variability of Soil Salinity in Alluvial Plain of the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River——A Case Study 被引量:1
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作者 LI Kai-Li CHEN Jie +3 位作者 TAN Man-Zhi ZHAO Bing-Zi MI Shu-Xiao SHI Xue-Zheng 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第6期793-801,共9页
Soil salinity and hydrologic datasets were assembled to analyze the spatio-temporal variability of salinization in Fengqiu County, Henan Province, China, in the alluvial plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River.... Soil salinity and hydrologic datasets were assembled to analyze the spatio-temporal variability of salinization in Fengqiu County, Henan Province, China, in the alluvial plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The saline soil and groundwater depth data of the county in 1981 were obtained to serve as a historical reference. Electrical conductivity (EC) of 293 surface soil samples taken from 2 kin x 2 km grids in 2007 and 4{) soil profiles acquired in 2(108 was analyzed and used for comparative mapping. Ordinary kriging was applied to predict EC at unobserved locations to derive the horizontal and vertical distribution patterns and variation of soil salinity. Groundwater table data from 22 observation wells in 2008 were collected and used as input for regression kriging to predict the maximum groundwater depth of the county in 2008. Changes in the groundwater level of Fengqiu County in 27 years from 1981 to 2008 was calculated. Two quantitative criteria, the mean error or bias (ME) and the mean squared error (MSE), were computed to assess the estimation accuracy of the kriging predictions. The results demonstrated that the soil salinity in the upper soil layers decreased dramatically and the taxonomically defined saline soils were present only in a few micro-landscapes after 27 years. Presently, the soils with relatively elevated salt content were mainly distributed in depressions along the Yellow River bed. The reduction in surface soil salinity corresponded to the locations with deepened maximum groundwater depth. It could be concluded that groundwater table recession allowed water to move deeper into the soil profile, transporting salts with it, and thus played an important role in reducing soil salinity in this region. Accumulation of salts in the soil profiles at various depths below the surface indicated that secondary soil salinization would occur when the groundwater was not controlled at a safe depth. 展开更多
关键词 electrical conductivity groundwater table KRIGING SALINIZATION salt content
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