The choices of the parameterizations for each component in a microwave emission model have significant effects on the quality of brightness temperature （Tb） sim- ulation. How to reduce the uncertainty in the Tb simu...The choices of the parameterizations for each component in a microwave emission model have significant effects on the quality of brightness temperature （Tb） sim- ulation. How to reduce the uncertainty in the Tb simulation is investigated by adopting a statistical post-processing procedure with the Bayesian model averaging （BMA） ensemble approach. The simulations by the community microwave emission model （CMEM） cou- pled with the community land model version 4.5 （CLM4.5） over China's Mainland are con- ducted by the 24 configurations from four vegetation opacity parameterizations （VOPs）, three soil dielectric constant parameterizations （SDCPs）, and two soil roughness param- eterizations （SRPs）. Compared with the simple arithmetical averaging （SAA） method, the BMA reconstructions have a higher spatial correlation coefficient （larger than 0.99） than the C-band satellite observations of the advanced microwave scanning radiometer on the Earth observing system （AMSR-E） at the vertical polarization. Moreover, the BMA product performs the best among the ensemble members for all vegetation classes, with a mean root-mean-square difference （RMSD） of 4 K and a temporal correlation coefficient of 0.64.展开更多
为了控制和研究机动车的排放状况,构建了stop and go模型,并结合模型预测控制,由目标车的运动状况可以获悉主车的实时运动情况,将车联网与stop and go模型相结合,利用车联网的通讯手段,更加便捷、安全、可靠地获取车辆间的交互状况。以...为了控制和研究机动车的排放状况,构建了stop and go模型,并结合模型预测控制,由目标车的运动状况可以获悉主车的实时运动情况,将车联网与stop and go模型相结合,利用车联网的通讯手段,更加便捷、安全、可靠地获取车辆间的交互状况。以速度最优和行程时间最短为控制目标,这两个控制目标的权重不同时,主车的运动状态也各不相同。以微观层面的机动车排放模型CMEM为结合点,将主车的速度和加速度等运动状况当做输入参数,从而获得行驶车辆的各种典型污染物排放量。选取CO、NOx及HC等作为污染排放的参考指标,对不同的控制目标权重状态下的排放状况进行了模拟,从而使排放达到最优。展开更多
A signal control intersection increases not only vehicle delay, but also vehicle emissions and fuel consumption in that area. Because more and more fuel and air pollution problems arise recently, an intersection signa...A signal control intersection increases not only vehicle delay, but also vehicle emissions and fuel consumption in that area. Because more and more fuel and air pollution problems arise recently, an intersection signal control optimization method which aims at reducing vehicle emissions, fuel consumption and vehicle delay is required heavily. This paper proposed a signal control multi-object optimization method to reduce vehicle emissions, fuel consumption and vehicle delay simultaneously at an intersection. The optimization method combined the Paramics microscopic traffic simulation software, Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model （CMEM）, and genetic algorithm. An intersection in Haizhu District, Guangzhou, was taken for a case study. The result of the case study shows the optimal timing scheme obtained from this method is better than the Webster timing scheme.展开更多
基金Project supported by the China Special Fund for Meteorological Research in the Public Interest(No.GYHY201306045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41305066 and41575096)
文摘The choices of the parameterizations for each component in a microwave emission model have significant effects on the quality of brightness temperature （Tb） sim- ulation. How to reduce the uncertainty in the Tb simulation is investigated by adopting a statistical post-processing procedure with the Bayesian model averaging （BMA） ensemble approach. The simulations by the community microwave emission model （CMEM） cou- pled with the community land model version 4.5 （CLM4.5） over China's Mainland are con- ducted by the 24 configurations from four vegetation opacity parameterizations （VOPs）, three soil dielectric constant parameterizations （SDCPs）, and two soil roughness param- eterizations （SRPs）. Compared with the simple arithmetical averaging （SAA） method, the BMA reconstructions have a higher spatial correlation coefficient （larger than 0.99） than the C-band satellite observations of the advanced microwave scanning radiometer on the Earth observing system （AMSR-E） at the vertical polarization. Moreover, the BMA product performs the best among the ensemble members for all vegetation classes, with a mean root-mean-square difference （RMSD） of 4 K and a temporal correlation coefficient of 0.64.
文摘为了控制和研究机动车的排放状况,构建了stop and go模型,并结合模型预测控制,由目标车的运动状况可以获悉主车的实时运动情况,将车联网与stop and go模型相结合,利用车联网的通讯手段,更加便捷、安全、可靠地获取车辆间的交互状况。以速度最优和行程时间最短为控制目标,这两个控制目标的权重不同时,主车的运动状态也各不相同。以微观层面的机动车排放模型CMEM为结合点,将主车的速度和加速度等运动状况当做输入参数,从而获得行驶车辆的各种典型污染物排放量。选取CO、NOx及HC等作为污染排放的参考指标,对不同的控制目标权重状态下的排放状况进行了模拟,从而使排放达到最优。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50808181)
文摘A signal control intersection increases not only vehicle delay, but also vehicle emissions and fuel consumption in that area. Because more and more fuel and air pollution problems arise recently, an intersection signal control optimization method which aims at reducing vehicle emissions, fuel consumption and vehicle delay is required heavily. This paper proposed a signal control multi-object optimization method to reduce vehicle emissions, fuel consumption and vehicle delay simultaneously at an intersection. The optimization method combined the Paramics microscopic traffic simulation software, Comprehensive Modal Emissions Model （CMEM）, and genetic algorithm. An intersection in Haizhu District, Guangzhou, was taken for a case study. The result of the case study shows the optimal timing scheme obtained from this method is better than the Webster timing scheme.
