Three-dimensional(3D) synthetic aperture radar(SAR)extends the conventional 2D images into 3D features by several acquisitions in different aspects. Compared with 3D techniques via multiple observations in elevation, ...Three-dimensional(3D) synthetic aperture radar(SAR)extends the conventional 2D images into 3D features by several acquisitions in different aspects. Compared with 3D techniques via multiple observations in elevation, e.g. SAR interferometry(InSAR) and SAR tomography(TomoSAR), holographic SAR can retrieve 3D structure by observations in azimuth. This paper focuses on designing a novel type of orbit to achieve SAR regional all-azimuth observation(AAO) for embedded targets detection and holographic 3D reconstruction. The ground tracks of the AAO orbit separate the earth surface into grids. Target in these grids can be accessed with an azimuth angle span of360°, which is similar to the flight path of airborne circular SAR(CSAR). Inspired from the successive coverage orbits of optical sensors, several optimizations are made in the proposed method to ensure favorable grazing angles, the performance of 3D reconstruction, and long-term supervision for SAR sensors. Simulation experiments show the regional AAO can be completed within five hours. In addition, a second AAO of the same area can be duplicated in two days. Finally, an airborne SAR data process result is presented to illustrate the significance of AAO in 3D reconstruction.展开更多
Photocatalysis driven by abundant yet intermittent solar energy has considerable potential in renewable energy generation and environmental remediation.The outstanding electronic structure and physicochemical properti...Photocatalysis driven by abundant yet intermittent solar energy has considerable potential in renewable energy generation and environmental remediation.The outstanding electronic structure and physicochemical properties of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)),together with unique metal-free characteristic,make them ideal candidates for advanced photocatalysts construction.This review summarizes the up-to-date advances on g-C_(3)N_(4)based photocatalysts from ingenious-design strategies and diversified photocatalytic applications.Notably,the advantages,fabrication methods and limitations of each design strategy are systemically analyzed.In order to deeply comprehend the inner connection of theory–structure–performance upon g-C_(3)N_(4)based photocatalysts,structure/composition designs,corresponding photocatalytic activities and reaction mechanisms are jointly discussed,associated with introducing their photocatalytic applications toward water splitting,carbon dioxide/nitrogen reduction and pollutants degradation,etc.Finally,the current challenges and future perspectives for g-C_(3)N_(4)based materials for photocatalysis are briefly proposed.These design strategies and limitations are also instructive for constructing g-C_(3)N_(4) based materials in other energy and environment-related applications.展开更多
MXene has been the limelight for studies on electrode active materials,aiming at developing supercapacitors with boosted energy density to meet the emerging influx of wearable and portable electronic devices.Despite i...MXene has been the limelight for studies on electrode active materials,aiming at developing supercapacitors with boosted energy density to meet the emerging influx of wearable and portable electronic devices.Despite its various desirable properties including intrinsic flexibility,high specific surface area,excellent metallic conductivity and unique abundance of surface functionalities,its full potential for electrochemical performance is hindered by the notorious restacking phenomenon of MXene nanosheets.Ascribed to its two-dimensional(2D)nature and surface functional groups,inevitable Van der Waals interactions drive the agglomeration of nanosheets,ultimately reducing the exposure of electrochemically active sites to the electrolyte,as well as severely lengthening electrolyte ion transport pathways.As a result,energy and power density deteriorate,limiting the application versatility of MXene-based supercapacitors.Constructing 3D architectures using 2D nanosheets presents as a straightforward yet ingenious approach to mitigate the fatal flaws of MXene.However,the sheer number of distinct methodologies reported,thus far,calls for a systematic review that unravels the rationale behind such 3D MXene structural designs.Herein,this review aims to serve this purpose while also scrutinizing the structure–property relationship to correlate such structural modifications to their ensuing electrochemical performance enhancements.Besides,the physicochemical properties of MXene play fundamental roles in determining the effective charge storage capabilities of 3D MXene-based electrodes.This largely depends on different MXene synthesis techniques and synthesis condition variations,hence,elucidated in this review as well.Lastly,the challenges and perspectives for achieving viable commercialization of MXene-based supercapacitor electrodes are highlighted.展开更多
This paper takes the fuselage bracket of the quadrotor UAV as the object,combined with the characteristics of less constraints in the 3D printing process,achieves the optimal structure of the UAV body structure design...This paper takes the fuselage bracket of the quadrotor UAV as the object,combined with the characteristics of less constraints in the 3D printing process,achieves the optimal structure of the UAV body structure design form,using the inspire topology optimization analysis,with the optimization goal of maximizing the overall stiffness and the optimized structure was checked for strength and verified by 3D printing prototype.The results show that under the premise of meeting the design strength and stiffness requirements,the mass is reduced by 53.29%compared with the original design.The research shows that the application of topology optimization and 3D printing technology to the structural design of UAVs will achieve significant weight reduction effects,providing a feasible way to realize lightweight,complex and integrated design and manufacturing of components.展开更多
Nerve regeneration holds significant potential in the treatment of various skeletal and neurological disorders to restore lost sensory and motor functions.The potential of nerve regeneration in ameliorating neurologic...Nerve regeneration holds significant potential in the treatment of various skeletal and neurological disorders to restore lost sensory and motor functions.The potential of nerve regeneration in ameliorating neurological diseases and injuries is critical to human health.Three-dimensional(3D)printing offers versatility and precision in the fabrication of neural scaffolds.Complex neural structures such as neural tubes and scaffolds can be fabricated via 3Dprinting.This reviewcomprehensively analyzes the current state of 3D-printed neural scaffolds and explores strategies to enhance their design.It highlights therapeutic strategies and structural design involving neural materials and stem cells.First,nerve regeneration materials and their fabrication techniques are outlined.The applications of conductive materials in neural scaffolds are reviewed,and their potential to facilitate neural signal transmission and regeneration is highlighted.Second,the progress in 3D-printed neural scaffolds applied to the peripheral and central nerves is comprehensively evaluated,and their potential to restore neural function and promote the recovery of different nervous systems is emphasized.In addition,various applications of 3D-printed neural scaffolds in peripheral and neurological diseases,as well as the design strategies of multifunctional biomimetic scaffolds,are discussed.展开更多
Iron oxide(Fe_(2)O_(3))emerges as a highly attractive anode candidate among rapidly expanding energy storage market.Nonethe-less,its considerable volume changes during cycling as an electrode material result in a vast...Iron oxide(Fe_(2)O_(3))emerges as a highly attractive anode candidate among rapidly expanding energy storage market.Nonethe-less,its considerable volume changes during cycling as an electrode material result in a vast reduced battery cycle life.In this work,an ap-proach is pioneered for preparing high-performance Fe_(2)O_(3)anode materials,by innovatively synthesizing a triple-layer yolk-shell Fe_(2)O_(3)uniformly coated with a conductive polypyrrole(Ppy)layer(Fe_(2)O_(3)@Ppy-TLY).The uniform polypyrrole coating introduces more reac-tion sites and adsorption sites,and maintains structure stability through charge-discharge process.In the uses as lithium-ion battery elec-trodes,Fe_(2)O_(3)@Ppy-TLY demonstrates high reversible specific capacity(maintaining a discharge capacity of 1375.11 mAh·g^(−1)after 500 cycles at 1 C),exceptional cycling stability(retaining the steady charge-discharge performance at 544.33 mAh·g^(−1)after 6000 ultrafast charge-discharge cycles at a 10 C current density),and outstanding high current charge-discharge performance(retaining a reversible ca-pacity of 156.75 mAh·g^(−1)after 10000 cycles at 15 C),thereby exhibiting superior lithium storage performance.This work introduces in-novative advancements for Fe_(2)O_(3)anode design,aiming to enhance its performance in energy storage fields.展开更多
Background: Rhinoplasty is a complex surgical procedure that requires critical analysis and precise design before surgery, making it a challenging operation for both the surgical team and medical educators. This study...Background: Rhinoplasty is a complex surgical procedure that requires critical analysis and precise design before surgery, making it a challenging operation for both the surgical team and medical educators. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of 3D design involvement on learning curves and to establish a more effective method for rhinoplasty education.Methods: Surgeons who participated in an educational program were divided into two groups. The experimental group was involved in the 3D design before the operation, and the control group was asked to review the rhinoplasty atlas. A self-assessment questionnaire was used to evaluate the learning curve of the eight rhinoplasty procedures for each surgeon, and the overall satisfaction rate data were also collected.Results: The self-assessment scores in both groups showed an increasing trend from the first to the eighth operation. The mean scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the fifth operation(P=0.01). The satisfaction rate of the experimental group(91.7%) was higher than that of the control group(54.5%).Conclusion: The 3D imaging system can improve the learning curve and satisfaction rate of rhinoplasty education,proving that it is an easy and effective tool for medical education.展开更多
Earthquakes pose a significant threat to people’s property and personal safety.Improving the teaching of civil engineering and building structure anti-seismic design courses can enable students to do a good job in an...Earthquakes pose a significant threat to people’s property and personal safety.Improving the teaching of civil engineering and building structure anti-seismic design courses can enable students to do a good job in anti-seismic design in the future and effectively reduce the damage on buildings caused by earthquakes.In this paper,we analyzed the basic characteristics of a course in civil engineering major,which is Anti-Seismic Design of Building Structures,and the shortcomings of traditional teaching.It is proposed that the 3-degrees and 8-combinations teaching mode of anti-seismic design of building structures can effectively improve students’autonomy and enthusiasm in learning,helps to cultivate professional ethics among students,and improve their ability to apply what they have learned.展开更多
Pattern making plays a key role in the aspect of fashion design and garment production, as it serves as the transformative process that turns a simple drawing into a consistent accumulation of garments. The process of...Pattern making plays a key role in the aspect of fashion design and garment production, as it serves as the transformative process that turns a simple drawing into a consistent accumulation of garments. The process of creating conventional or manual patterns requires a significant amount of time and a specialized skill set in various areas such as grading, marker planning, and fabric utilization. This study examines the potential of 3D technology and virtual fashion designing software in optimizing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of pattern production processes. The proposed methodology is characterized by a higher level of comprehensiveness and reliability, resulting in time efficiency and providing a diverse range of design options. The user is not expected to possess comprehensive knowledge of traditional pattern creation procedures prior to engaging in the task. The software offers a range of capabilities including draping, 3D-to-2D and 2D-to-3D unfolding, fabric drivability analysis, ease allowance calculation, add-fullness manipulation, style development, grading, and virtual garment try-on. The strategy will cause a shift in the viewpoints and methodologies of business professionals when it comes to the use of 3D fashion design software. Upon recognizing the potential time, financial, and resource-saving benefits associated with the integration of 3D technology into their design development process, individuals will be motivated to select for its utilization over conventional pattern making methods. Individuals will possess the capacity to transfer their cognitive processes and engage in introspection regarding their professional endeavors and current activities through the utilization of 3D virtual pattern-making and fashion design technologies. To enhance the efficacy and ecological sustainability of designs, designers have the potential to integrate 3D technology with virtual fashion software, thereby compliant advantages for both commercial enterprises and the environment.展开更多
With the development and progress of science and technology,road and bridge design has experienced rapid development,from the initial manual drawing design to the popularity of Computer-Aided Design(CAD),and then to t...With the development and progress of science and technology,road and bridge design has experienced rapid development,from the initial manual drawing design to the popularity of Computer-Aided Design(CAD),and then to today’s digital software design era.Early designers relied on hand-drawn paper design forms which was time-consuming and error-prone.Digital support for road and bridge design not only saves the design time but the design quality has also achieved a qualitative leap.This paper engages in the application of digital technology in road and bridge design,to provide technical reference for China’s road and bridge engineering design units,to promote the popularity of Civil3D and other advanced design software in the field of engineering design and development,ultimately contributing to the sustainable development of China’s road and bridge engineering.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62001436)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under (BK 20190143,JSGG20190823094603691)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D) synthetic aperture radar(SAR)extends the conventional 2D images into 3D features by several acquisitions in different aspects. Compared with 3D techniques via multiple observations in elevation, e.g. SAR interferometry(InSAR) and SAR tomography(TomoSAR), holographic SAR can retrieve 3D structure by observations in azimuth. This paper focuses on designing a novel type of orbit to achieve SAR regional all-azimuth observation(AAO) for embedded targets detection and holographic 3D reconstruction. The ground tracks of the AAO orbit separate the earth surface into grids. Target in these grids can be accessed with an azimuth angle span of360°, which is similar to the flight path of airborne circular SAR(CSAR). Inspired from the successive coverage orbits of optical sensors, several optimizations are made in the proposed method to ensure favorable grazing angles, the performance of 3D reconstruction, and long-term supervision for SAR sensors. Simulation experiments show the regional AAO can be completed within five hours. In addition, a second AAO of the same area can be duplicated in two days. Finally, an airborne SAR data process result is presented to illustrate the significance of AAO in 3D reconstruction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875118,22111530112)the support from the Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center,Nankai University。
文摘Photocatalysis driven by abundant yet intermittent solar energy has considerable potential in renewable energy generation and environmental remediation.The outstanding electronic structure and physicochemical properties of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)),together with unique metal-free characteristic,make them ideal candidates for advanced photocatalysts construction.This review summarizes the up-to-date advances on g-C_(3)N_(4)based photocatalysts from ingenious-design strategies and diversified photocatalytic applications.Notably,the advantages,fabrication methods and limitations of each design strategy are systemically analyzed.In order to deeply comprehend the inner connection of theory–structure–performance upon g-C_(3)N_(4)based photocatalysts,structure/composition designs,corresponding photocatalytic activities and reaction mechanisms are jointly discussed,associated with introducing their photocatalytic applications toward water splitting,carbon dioxide/nitrogen reduction and pollutants degradation,etc.Finally,the current challenges and future perspectives for g-C_(3)N_(4)based materials for photocatalysis are briefly proposed.These design strategies and limitations are also instructive for constructing g-C_(3)N_(4) based materials in other energy and environment-related applications.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia(FRGS/1/2021/STG04/XMU/02/1 and FRGS/1/2022/TK09/XMU/03/2)the Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund(XMUMRF/2023-C11/IENG/0056)。
文摘MXene has been the limelight for studies on electrode active materials,aiming at developing supercapacitors with boosted energy density to meet the emerging influx of wearable and portable electronic devices.Despite its various desirable properties including intrinsic flexibility,high specific surface area,excellent metallic conductivity and unique abundance of surface functionalities,its full potential for electrochemical performance is hindered by the notorious restacking phenomenon of MXene nanosheets.Ascribed to its two-dimensional(2D)nature and surface functional groups,inevitable Van der Waals interactions drive the agglomeration of nanosheets,ultimately reducing the exposure of electrochemically active sites to the electrolyte,as well as severely lengthening electrolyte ion transport pathways.As a result,energy and power density deteriorate,limiting the application versatility of MXene-based supercapacitors.Constructing 3D architectures using 2D nanosheets presents as a straightforward yet ingenious approach to mitigate the fatal flaws of MXene.However,the sheer number of distinct methodologies reported,thus far,calls for a systematic review that unravels the rationale behind such 3D MXene structural designs.Herein,this review aims to serve this purpose while also scrutinizing the structure–property relationship to correlate such structural modifications to their ensuing electrochemical performance enhancements.Besides,the physicochemical properties of MXene play fundamental roles in determining the effective charge storage capabilities of 3D MXene-based electrodes.This largely depends on different MXene synthesis techniques and synthesis condition variations,hence,elucidated in this review as well.Lastly,the challenges and perspectives for achieving viable commercialization of MXene-based supercapacitor electrodes are highlighted.
文摘This paper takes the fuselage bracket of the quadrotor UAV as the object,combined with the characteristics of less constraints in the 3D printing process,achieves the optimal structure of the UAV body structure design form,using the inspire topology optimization analysis,with the optimization goal of maximizing the overall stiffness and the optimized structure was checked for strength and verified by 3D printing prototype.The results show that under the premise of meeting the design strength and stiffness requirements,the mass is reduced by 53.29%compared with the original design.The research shows that the application of topology optimization and 3D printing technology to the structural design of UAVs will achieve significant weight reduction effects,providing a feasible way to realize lightweight,complex and integrated design and manufacturing of components.
基金support was received from the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2023C02040)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(No.222300420152)+3 种基金the Medical Science and Technology Research Program of Henan Province,China(No.LHGJ20220677)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32372757)the Innovative Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Nos.Y2022QC24 and CAASASTIP-2021-TRI)the Postdoctoral Research and Development Fund of West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.2023HXBH052).
文摘Nerve regeneration holds significant potential in the treatment of various skeletal and neurological disorders to restore lost sensory and motor functions.The potential of nerve regeneration in ameliorating neurological diseases and injuries is critical to human health.Three-dimensional(3D)printing offers versatility and precision in the fabrication of neural scaffolds.Complex neural structures such as neural tubes and scaffolds can be fabricated via 3Dprinting.This reviewcomprehensively analyzes the current state of 3D-printed neural scaffolds and explores strategies to enhance their design.It highlights therapeutic strategies and structural design involving neural materials and stem cells.First,nerve regeneration materials and their fabrication techniques are outlined.The applications of conductive materials in neural scaffolds are reviewed,and their potential to facilitate neural signal transmission and regeneration is highlighted.Second,the progress in 3D-printed neural scaffolds applied to the peripheral and central nerves is comprehensively evaluated,and their potential to restore neural function and promote the recovery of different nervous systems is emphasized.In addition,various applications of 3D-printed neural scaffolds in peripheral and neurological diseases,as well as the design strategies of multifunctional biomimetic scaffolds,are discussed.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BK20201008).
文摘Iron oxide(Fe_(2)O_(3))emerges as a highly attractive anode candidate among rapidly expanding energy storage market.Nonethe-less,its considerable volume changes during cycling as an electrode material result in a vast reduced battery cycle life.In this work,an ap-proach is pioneered for preparing high-performance Fe_(2)O_(3)anode materials,by innovatively synthesizing a triple-layer yolk-shell Fe_(2)O_(3)uniformly coated with a conductive polypyrrole(Ppy)layer(Fe_(2)O_(3)@Ppy-TLY).The uniform polypyrrole coating introduces more reac-tion sites and adsorption sites,and maintains structure stability through charge-discharge process.In the uses as lithium-ion battery elec-trodes,Fe_(2)O_(3)@Ppy-TLY demonstrates high reversible specific capacity(maintaining a discharge capacity of 1375.11 mAh·g^(−1)after 500 cycles at 1 C),exceptional cycling stability(retaining the steady charge-discharge performance at 544.33 mAh·g^(−1)after 6000 ultrafast charge-discharge cycles at a 10 C current density),and outstanding high current charge-discharge performance(retaining a reversible ca-pacity of 156.75 mAh·g^(−1)after 10000 cycles at 15 C),thereby exhibiting superior lithium storage performance.This work introduces in-novative advancements for Fe_(2)O_(3)anode design,aiming to enhance its performance in energy storage fields.
文摘Background: Rhinoplasty is a complex surgical procedure that requires critical analysis and precise design before surgery, making it a challenging operation for both the surgical team and medical educators. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of 3D design involvement on learning curves and to establish a more effective method for rhinoplasty education.Methods: Surgeons who participated in an educational program were divided into two groups. The experimental group was involved in the 3D design before the operation, and the control group was asked to review the rhinoplasty atlas. A self-assessment questionnaire was used to evaluate the learning curve of the eight rhinoplasty procedures for each surgeon, and the overall satisfaction rate data were also collected.Results: The self-assessment scores in both groups showed an increasing trend from the first to the eighth operation. The mean scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the fifth operation(P=0.01). The satisfaction rate of the experimental group(91.7%) was higher than that of the control group(54.5%).Conclusion: The 3D imaging system can improve the learning curve and satisfaction rate of rhinoplasty education,proving that it is an easy and effective tool for medical education.
文摘Earthquakes pose a significant threat to people’s property and personal safety.Improving the teaching of civil engineering and building structure anti-seismic design courses can enable students to do a good job in anti-seismic design in the future and effectively reduce the damage on buildings caused by earthquakes.In this paper,we analyzed the basic characteristics of a course in civil engineering major,which is Anti-Seismic Design of Building Structures,and the shortcomings of traditional teaching.It is proposed that the 3-degrees and 8-combinations teaching mode of anti-seismic design of building structures can effectively improve students’autonomy and enthusiasm in learning,helps to cultivate professional ethics among students,and improve their ability to apply what they have learned.
文摘Pattern making plays a key role in the aspect of fashion design and garment production, as it serves as the transformative process that turns a simple drawing into a consistent accumulation of garments. The process of creating conventional or manual patterns requires a significant amount of time and a specialized skill set in various areas such as grading, marker planning, and fabric utilization. This study examines the potential of 3D technology and virtual fashion designing software in optimizing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of pattern production processes. The proposed methodology is characterized by a higher level of comprehensiveness and reliability, resulting in time efficiency and providing a diverse range of design options. The user is not expected to possess comprehensive knowledge of traditional pattern creation procedures prior to engaging in the task. The software offers a range of capabilities including draping, 3D-to-2D and 2D-to-3D unfolding, fabric drivability analysis, ease allowance calculation, add-fullness manipulation, style development, grading, and virtual garment try-on. The strategy will cause a shift in the viewpoints and methodologies of business professionals when it comes to the use of 3D fashion design software. Upon recognizing the potential time, financial, and resource-saving benefits associated with the integration of 3D technology into their design development process, individuals will be motivated to select for its utilization over conventional pattern making methods. Individuals will possess the capacity to transfer their cognitive processes and engage in introspection regarding their professional endeavors and current activities through the utilization of 3D virtual pattern-making and fashion design technologies. To enhance the efficacy and ecological sustainability of designs, designers have the potential to integrate 3D technology with virtual fashion software, thereby compliant advantages for both commercial enterprises and the environment.
文摘With the development and progress of science and technology,road and bridge design has experienced rapid development,from the initial manual drawing design to the popularity of Computer-Aided Design(CAD),and then to today’s digital software design era.Early designers relied on hand-drawn paper design forms which was time-consuming and error-prone.Digital support for road and bridge design not only saves the design time but the design quality has also achieved a qualitative leap.This paper engages in the application of digital technology in road and bridge design,to provide technical reference for China’s road and bridge engineering design units,to promote the popularity of Civil3D and other advanced design software in the field of engineering design and development,ultimately contributing to the sustainable development of China’s road and bridge engineering.
