We investigated the relationship between muscle inosine monophosphate (IMP) content and mRNA levels of ADSL, AMPD1, and ATIC in Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL), and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulia...We investigated the relationship between muscle inosine monophosphate (IMP) content and mRNA levels of ADSL, AMPD1, and ATIC in Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL), and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulian (DLDPL) hybridized pigs. Methods: The total RNA in longissimus dorsi was isolated from Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL) and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulian (DLDPL) hybridized pigs, weighed about 95.0 kg, n = 8/species. The internal genes with highest stability (YWHAZ and RPL4) were chosen from 11 common internal genes using Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and geNorm software. The mRNA levels of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes were corrected with YWHAZ and RPL4 genes. The muscular IMP content was determined by HPLC. The muscular IMP content in DPL was higher than that in LDPL and DLDPL, 25.00% (p 0.05) and 15.56% (p > 0.05), respectively. The muscular mRNA level of ADSL gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 24.14% and 12.07%, respectively (p 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of ATIC gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 66.67% and 33.33%, respectively (p 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of AMPD1 gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 14.49% and 33.26%, respectively. Furthermore, the IMP content was positively correlated with the mRNA level of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes, respectively (p 0.05). The mRNA level of ADSL gene was highly related to that of AMPD1 and ATIC gene, respectively (p 0.01), while that of AMPD1 gene was not strongly correlated with that of ATIC gene (p > 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of AMPD1, ADSL and ATIC genes and the muscular IMP content in DPL were highest, followed by those in LDPL and DLDPL. The muscular IMP content was positively correlated with the muscular mRNA level of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes, respectively.展开更多
BACKGROUND AMPD2 is a critical enzyme catalyzing smooth muscle energy supply and metabolism;however,its cellular biological function and clinical implication in colorectal cancer(CRC)are largely unknown.AIM To clarify...BACKGROUND AMPD2 is a critical enzyme catalyzing smooth muscle energy supply and metabolism;however,its cellular biological function and clinical implication in colorectal cancer(CRC)are largely unknown.AIM To clarify the role of AMPD2 in CRC and study the pathway and prognostic value of its role.METHODS AMPD2 expression was analyzed by integrated bioinformatics analysis based on TCGA data sets and immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays,and the correlation between AMPD2 expression and clinicopathological parameters,Notch3 expression,and prognostic features was assessed.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis were then performed to investigate the regulatory pathway involved.The effects of AMPD2 expression on CRC cells and Notch3 protein expression were investigated by downregulation and overexpression of AMPD2.RESULTS AMPD2 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissue when compared with normal tissue in a cohort of the TCGA-COAD data set.Biological function enrichment analysis indicated that the Notch pathway strongly correlated with AMPD2 expression,and that the expression of Notch3 and JAG2 mRNA was positively associated with AMPD2 in CRC tissues.In vitro,AMPD2 overexpression markedly reduced Notch3 protein expression in CRC cells,while knockdown of AMPD2 showed the opposite findings.In addition,protein expression was significantly up-regulated in our CRC cohort as indicated by tissue microarray analysis.High expression of AMPD2 protein correlated with advanced depth of tumor and poor differentiation.Furthermore,high AMPD2 expression in CRC tissues was an indicator of poor outcome for CRC patients.CONCLUSION AMPD2 is commonly overexpressed in CRC,and acts as a metabolism oncogene to induce CRC progression through the Notch signaling pathway.Thus,AMPD2 may be a novel prognostic biomarker for CRC.展开更多
文摘We investigated the relationship between muscle inosine monophosphate (IMP) content and mRNA levels of ADSL, AMPD1, and ATIC in Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL), and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulian (DLDPL) hybridized pigs. Methods: The total RNA in longissimus dorsi was isolated from Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL) and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulian (DLDPL) hybridized pigs, weighed about 95.0 kg, n = 8/species. The internal genes with highest stability (YWHAZ and RPL4) were chosen from 11 common internal genes using Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and geNorm software. The mRNA levels of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes were corrected with YWHAZ and RPL4 genes. The muscular IMP content was determined by HPLC. The muscular IMP content in DPL was higher than that in LDPL and DLDPL, 25.00% (p 0.05) and 15.56% (p > 0.05), respectively. The muscular mRNA level of ADSL gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 24.14% and 12.07%, respectively (p 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of ATIC gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 66.67% and 33.33%, respectively (p 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of AMPD1 gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 14.49% and 33.26%, respectively. Furthermore, the IMP content was positively correlated with the mRNA level of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes, respectively (p 0.05). The mRNA level of ADSL gene was highly related to that of AMPD1 and ATIC gene, respectively (p 0.01), while that of AMPD1 gene was not strongly correlated with that of ATIC gene (p > 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of AMPD1, ADSL and ATIC genes and the muscular IMP content in DPL were highest, followed by those in LDPL and DLDPL. The muscular IMP content was positively correlated with the muscular mRNA level of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes, respectively.
基金Supported by the Wuxi Young Medical Talents,Jiangsu Province,China,No.QNRC063.
文摘BACKGROUND AMPD2 is a critical enzyme catalyzing smooth muscle energy supply and metabolism;however,its cellular biological function and clinical implication in colorectal cancer(CRC)are largely unknown.AIM To clarify the role of AMPD2 in CRC and study the pathway and prognostic value of its role.METHODS AMPD2 expression was analyzed by integrated bioinformatics analysis based on TCGA data sets and immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays,and the correlation between AMPD2 expression and clinicopathological parameters,Notch3 expression,and prognostic features was assessed.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis were then performed to investigate the regulatory pathway involved.The effects of AMPD2 expression on CRC cells and Notch3 protein expression were investigated by downregulation and overexpression of AMPD2.RESULTS AMPD2 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissue when compared with normal tissue in a cohort of the TCGA-COAD data set.Biological function enrichment analysis indicated that the Notch pathway strongly correlated with AMPD2 expression,and that the expression of Notch3 and JAG2 mRNA was positively associated with AMPD2 in CRC tissues.In vitro,AMPD2 overexpression markedly reduced Notch3 protein expression in CRC cells,while knockdown of AMPD2 showed the opposite findings.In addition,protein expression was significantly up-regulated in our CRC cohort as indicated by tissue microarray analysis.High expression of AMPD2 protein correlated with advanced depth of tumor and poor differentiation.Furthermore,high AMPD2 expression in CRC tissues was an indicator of poor outcome for CRC patients.CONCLUSION AMPD2 is commonly overexpressed in CRC,and acts as a metabolism oncogene to induce CRC progression through the Notch signaling pathway.Thus,AMPD2 may be a novel prognostic biomarker for CRC.
