This study developed a user equilibrium traffic assignment model based on trip-chains with flexible activity scheduling order and derived the corresponding optimality conditions. We based on the gradient projection me...This study developed a user equilibrium traffic assignment model based on trip-chains with flexible activity scheduling order and derived the corresponding optimality conditions. We based on the gradient projection method to develop a solution algorithm, the accuracy of which was verified using the test network of UTown. This model could be used to estimate the transportation demands with and without activities scheduling restriction between OD （origin-destination） pairs based on trip-chains, as well as based on trips. Thus, the proposed model is more generalization than conventional trip based or trip-chain based traffic assignment models.展开更多
A limiting amplifier IC implemented in 65nm CMOS technology and intended for high-speed op- tical fiber communications is described in this paper. The inductorless limiting amplifier incorporates 5-stage 8 dB gain lim...A limiting amplifier IC implemented in 65nm CMOS technology and intended for high-speed op- tical fiber communications is described in this paper. The inductorless limiting amplifier incorporates 5-stage 8 dB gain limiting cells with active feedback and negative Miller capacitance, a high speed output buffer with novel third order active feedback, and a high speed full-wave rectifier. The re- ceiver signal strength indictor （RSSI） can detect input signal power with 33dB dynamic range, and the limiting amplifier features a programmable loss of signal （LOS） indication with external resistor. The sensitivity of the limiting amplifier is 5.5mV at BER = 10^ -12 and the layout area is only 0.53 × 0.72 mm^2 because of no passive inductor. The total gain is over 41dB, and bandwidth exceeds 12GHz with 56mW power dissipation.展开更多
Five biochars derived from lotus seedpod(LSP)were applied to examine and compare the adsorption capacity of 17β-estradiol(E2)from aqueous solution.The effect of KOH activation and the order of activation steps on mat...Five biochars derived from lotus seedpod(LSP)were applied to examine and compare the adsorption capacity of 17β-estradiol(E2)from aqueous solution.The effect of KOH activation and the order of activation steps on material properties were discussed.The effect of contact time,initial concentration,p H,ionic strength and humic acid on E2 adsorption were investigated in a batch adsorption process.Experimental results demonstrated that the pseudo second-order model fitted the experimental data best and that adsorption equilibrium was reached within 20 hr.The efficiency of E2 removal increased with increasing E2 concentration and decreased with the increase of ionic strength.E2 adsorption on LSP-derived biochar(BCs)was influenced little by humic acid,and slightly affected by the solution p H when its value ranged from 4.0 to 9.0,but considerably affected at p H 10.0.Low environmental temperature is favorable for E2 adsorption.Chemisorption,π–πinteractions,monolayer adsorption and electrostatic interaction are the possible adsorption mechanisms.Comparative studies indicated that KOH activation and the order of activation steps had significant impacts on the material.Post-treated biochar exhibited better adsorption capacity for E2 than direct treated,pretreated,and raw LSP biochar.Pyrolyzed biochar at higher temperature improved E2 removal.The excellent performance of BCs in removing E2 suggested that BCs have potential in E2 treatment and that the biochar directly treated by KOH would be a good choice for the treatment of E2 in aqueous solution,with its advantages of good efficiency and simple technology.展开更多
文摘This study developed a user equilibrium traffic assignment model based on trip-chains with flexible activity scheduling order and derived the corresponding optimality conditions. We based on the gradient projection method to develop a solution algorithm, the accuracy of which was verified using the test network of UTown. This model could be used to estimate the transportation demands with and without activities scheduling restriction between OD （origin-destination） pairs based on trip-chains, as well as based on trips. Thus, the proposed model is more generalization than conventional trip based or trip-chain based traffic assignment models.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Programme of China(No.2011AA010301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60976029)
文摘A limiting amplifier IC implemented in 65nm CMOS technology and intended for high-speed op- tical fiber communications is described in this paper. The inductorless limiting amplifier incorporates 5-stage 8 dB gain limiting cells with active feedback and negative Miller capacitance, a high speed output buffer with novel third order active feedback, and a high speed full-wave rectifier. The re- ceiver signal strength indictor （RSSI） can detect input signal power with 33dB dynamic range, and the limiting amplifier features a programmable loss of signal （LOS） indication with external resistor. The sensitivity of the limiting amplifier is 5.5mV at BER = 10^ -12 and the layout area is only 0.53 × 0.72 mm^2 because of no passive inductor. The total gain is over 41dB, and bandwidth exceeds 12GHz with 56mW power dissipation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51521006,51609268 and 51809089)the Key Project of Technological Innovation in the Field of Social Development of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2016SK2010 and 2016SK2001)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2018JJ3040 and2018JJ3096)
文摘Five biochars derived from lotus seedpod(LSP)were applied to examine and compare the adsorption capacity of 17β-estradiol(E2)from aqueous solution.The effect of KOH activation and the order of activation steps on material properties were discussed.The effect of contact time,initial concentration,p H,ionic strength and humic acid on E2 adsorption were investigated in a batch adsorption process.Experimental results demonstrated that the pseudo second-order model fitted the experimental data best and that adsorption equilibrium was reached within 20 hr.The efficiency of E2 removal increased with increasing E2 concentration and decreased with the increase of ionic strength.E2 adsorption on LSP-derived biochar(BCs)was influenced little by humic acid,and slightly affected by the solution p H when its value ranged from 4.0 to 9.0,but considerably affected at p H 10.0.Low environmental temperature is favorable for E2 adsorption.Chemisorption,π–πinteractions,monolayer adsorption and electrostatic interaction are the possible adsorption mechanisms.Comparative studies indicated that KOH activation and the order of activation steps had significant impacts on the material.Post-treated biochar exhibited better adsorption capacity for E2 than direct treated,pretreated,and raw LSP biochar.Pyrolyzed biochar at higher temperature improved E2 removal.The excellent performance of BCs in removing E2 suggested that BCs have potential in E2 treatment and that the biochar directly treated by KOH would be a good choice for the treatment of E2 in aqueous solution,with its advantages of good efficiency and simple technology.
