Background:To explore the expression of adrenomedullin in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues,and to construct a eukaryotic expression vector that effectively overexpresses adrenomedullin gene and a short hairpin RNA eukar...Background:To explore the expression of adrenomedullin in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues,and to construct a eukaryotic expression vector that effectively overexpresses adrenomedullin gene and a short hairpin RNA eukaryotic expression vector that effectively inhibits adrenomedullin gene.This study lays the foundation for exploring the impact of adrenomedullin on solid tumors.Methods:A total of 60 samples of gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were collected.Immunohistochemical staining was used to verify the expression of adrenomedullin in gastric adenocarcinoma and the adjacent tissues.According to the adrenomedullin gene sequence in the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the design principle of the small interfering RNA target sequence,design and construct three specific short hairpin RNA expression vectors targeting the adrenomedullin gene mRNA and one homology using the lentiviral vector KLPO.1.The negative control vector,RT-PCR and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression of the adrenomedullin gene,and the expression vector with the best inhibitory effect was selected.The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 was used to construct an overexpression vector containing the full length of the adrenomedullin cDNA.RT-PCR and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression of the adrenomedullin gene.Results:The PLKO.1-adrenomedullin with the best inhibitory effect and the human adrenomedullin gene overexpression vector pcDNA-adrenomedullin were successfully constructed and screened.Conclusion:Adrenomedullin is highly expressed in gastric cancer,and effectively inhibiting the expression of adrenomedullin in gastric cancer may have certain value in the treatment of gastric cancer.展开更多
The changes of adrenomedullin (ADM), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels before and after operation in congenital heart disease (CHD) associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH) were observed in order to ...The changes of adrenomedullin (ADM), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels before and after operation in congenital heart disease (CHD) associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH) were observed in order to investigate their role in CHD with PH and their clinical significance. The CHD patients were divided into 3 groups according to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP): Non-PH group: PASP≤30 mmHg ( n =11); mild-PH group: PASP 31-49 mmHg ( n =10); moderate or severe-PH group: PASP≥50 mmHg ( n =12). The control group consisted of 15 health children. Plasma ADM, ET-1 and NO levels were determined by radioimmunoassay and colorimetry methods. The correlation between ADM and ET-1, NO, PASP was analyzed. The changes in plasma ADM, ET-1 and plasma NO on the 7th day after operation among the groups were compared. The results showed that plasma ADM levels in non-PH group were significantly higher than that in control group ( P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in ET-1 and NO levels between the two groups ( P >0.05). ADM and ET-1 levels in mild-PH group were significantly elevated as compared with those in non-PH group (both P <0.05), but NO levels were decreased ( P <0.05). ADM and ET-1 levels in moderate or severe-PH groups were increased as compared with those in mild-PH group (both P <0.01), but NO level significantly declined ( P <0.05). On the 7th day after operation, plasma ADM and ET-1 levels in PH group were significantly decreased ( P <0.05, P <0.01) as compared with those before operation, but there was no significant difference in NO levels ( P >0.05). But NO levels in non-PH group were significantly increased ( P <0.05). Plasma ADM levels in CHD were positively correlated with PASP and ET-1 ( r =0.77, P <0.01; r =0.82, P <0.01), negatively correlated with NO ( r =-0.56, P <0.05). It was concluded that during the progression of PH in the cases of CHD, plasma ADM, ET-1 and NO might play an important role in the development of PH. The increased ADM may represent a compensatory mechanism. It can interact with NO and ET-1 to regulate pulmonary circulation in the pathophysiology of PH with CHD. ADM may be involved in the defence mechanism against further increase of pulmonary arterial pressure. ADM could be used as a reliable indicator of the severity of CHD associated PH.展开更多
Adrenomedullin,a peptide with multiple physiological functions in nervous system injury and disease,has aroused the interest of researchers.This review summarizes the role of adrenomedullin in neuropathological disord...Adrenomedullin,a peptide with multiple physiological functions in nervous system injury and disease,has aroused the interest of researchers.This review summarizes the role of adrenomedullin in neuropathological disorders,including pathological pain,brain injury and nerve regeneration,and their treatment.As a newly characterized pronociceptive mediator,adrenomedullin has been shown to act as an upstream factor in the transmission of noxious information for various types of pathological pain including acute and chronic inflammatory pain,cancer pain,neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve injury and diabetic neuropathy.Initiation of glia-neuron signaling networks in the peripheral and central nervous system by adrenomedullin is involved in the formation and maintenance of morphine tolerance.Adrenomedullin has been shown to exert a facilitated or neuroprotective effect against brain injury including hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury.Additionally,adrenomedullin can serve as a regulator to promote nerve regeneration in pathological conditions.Therefore,adrenomedullin is an important participant in nervous system diseases.展开更多
Adrenomedullin(ADM) is a peptide hormone widely expressed in different tissues, especially in the vasculature. Apart from its vasodilatatory and hypotensive effect, it plays multiple roles in the regulation of hormona...Adrenomedullin(ADM) is a peptide hormone widely expressed in different tissues, especially in the vasculature. Apart from its vasodilatatory and hypotensive effect, it plays multiple roles in the regulation of hormonal secretion, glucose metabolism and inflammatory response. ADM regulates insulin balance and may participate in the development of diabetes. The plasma level of ADM is increased in people with diabetes, while in healthy individuals the plasma ADM concentration remains low. Plasma ADM levels are further increased in patients with diabetic complications. In type 1 diabetes, plasma ADM level is correlated with renal failure and retinopathy, while in type 2 diabetes its level is linked with a wider range of complications. The elevation of ADM level in diabetes may be due to hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress and endothelial injury. At the same time, a rise in plasma ADM level can trigger the onset of diabetes. Strategies to reduce ADM level should be explored so as to reduce diabetic complications.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of adrenomedullin ( AM ) on apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell in rats induced by renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were random...Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of adrenomedullin ( AM ) on apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell in rats induced by renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group,IRI group, empty plasmid group and AM group. One week after re-展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM) gene overexpression on the biological characteristics of human hepatic stellate cells (hHSCs) by stable transfection.METHODS: hHSCs which express low basal levels...AIM: To investigate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM) gene overexpression on the biological characteristics of human hepatic stellate cells (hHSCs) by stable transfection.METHODS: hHSCs which express low basal levels of AM were stably transfected with an expression construct containing rat AM gene or with an empty expression vector. Expression of AM in hHSCs was determined by reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Cell proliferation was evaluated by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and immunocytochemistry. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to test the expression of procollagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ. Protein expressions of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1), gelatinase (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) were assessed by Western blot.RESULTS: Two cell clones (A-2, A-8) transfected withthe AM gene expressed higher levels of AM mRNA (nontransfected group: 0.86±0.11, empty vector group: 1.01±0.11, A-2 clone group: 1.44±0.08 and A-8 clone group: 1.36±0.05) and protein (12.31±0.17, 12.35±0.12,12.56±0.06 and 12.62±0.07) (P＜0.05). AM geneoverexpression had inhibitory effects on cell proliferation of hHSCs (29.6%, 30.9%, 18.9% and 21.8%, respectively. P＜0.05) and expression of procollagen type Ⅰ (0.58±0.1,0.48±0.11, 0.3±0.06 and 0.31±0.07 at mRNA level)(0.27±0.07, 0.3±0.06, 0.14±0.05 and 0.13±0.05 at protein level) (P＜0.05) and procollagen type Ⅲ (0.17±0.04, 0.15±0.03, 0.1±0.02 and 0.09±0.02 at mRNA level) (0.22±0.04, 0.2±0.03, 0.11±0.04 and 0.13±0.03 at protein level) (P＜0.05). Compared with cells non-transfected (TIMp2: 2.77±0.03, MMP-2: 0.5±0.04, MMP-1: 0.49±0.07) and transfected with empty vector (TIMP2: 2.79±0.04,MMP-2: 0.48±0.03, MMP-1: 0.45±0.09), these two clones had lower expression levels of TIMP2(A-2 clone group: 2.7±0.02 and A-8 clone group: 2.71±0.02) (P＜0.05) and MMP-2(A-2 clone group: 0.15±0.05 and A-8 clone group: 0.13±0.04) (P＜0.05) but displayed a higher expression level of MMP-1(A-2 clone group: 0.68±0.06 and A-8 clone group: 0.81±0.09) (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: AM gene exerts negative influence to some extent on hHSCs by inhibiting proliferation and production of extracellular matrix (ECM) in addition to inducing MMP-1 expression.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the role and mechanism of adrenomedullin(AM) in diabetic nephropathy. Methods: This research observed the changes of the expression and secretion of AM,TGF-β1 in the cultured human mesangial ...Objective:To investigate the role and mechanism of adrenomedullin(AM) in diabetic nephropathy. Methods: This research observed the changes of the expression and secretion of AM,TGF-β1 in the cultured human mesangial cells under high glucose conditions and the contents of the laminin and type Ⅳ collagen in the supernatants,and the effect of intervention with AM on the changes. Results: High glucose condition resulted in increase in the expression and secretion of AM, TGF-β1,laminin and type Ⅳ collagen, and AM could reverse the influence of high glucose on the cultured human mesangial cells. Conclusion: The results showed that high glucose condition in one of the stimulating factors of AM,and the renal protective action of AM may be associated with suppression of TGF-β1 and reducing excessive accumulation of laminin and type Ⅳ collagen.展开更多
Interm ed in(IMD)/adrenom edu llin-2(ADM2)是最近克隆出来的降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)超家族成员,其结构类似于CGRP、肾上腺髓质素,通过降钙素受体样受体/受体活性修饰蛋白起作用。IMD/ADM2是一种内源性心脏-肾脏保护因子,作为循环激...Interm ed in(IMD)/adrenom edu llin-2(ADM2)是最近克隆出来的降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)超家族成员,其结构类似于CGRP、肾上腺髓质素,通过降钙素受体样受体/受体活性修饰蛋白起作用。IMD/ADM2是一种内源性心脏-肾脏保护因子,作为循环激素和旁/自分泌因子在多种组织中发挥广泛生物学功能,具有降低血压、扩张冠脉、抗心脏缺血/再灌注损伤、调节水和电解质平衡、调节垂体激素分泌等生物学效应。展开更多
Inflammation is a multifaceted cellular and molecular response triggered by injury,infection,or various pathological conditions.Serving as a protective defense mechanism,the inflammatory response involves clinical sig...Inflammation is a multifaceted cellular and molecular response triggered by injury,infection,or various pathological conditions.Serving as a protective defense mechanism,the inflammatory response involves clinical signs like redness,swelling,pain,and increased body temperature.Immune cells,notably neutrophils and macrophages,play key roles in orchestrating this response.The delicate balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators,including cytokines and chemokines,regulates the inflammatory cascade.While acute inflammation is crucial for tissue repair,chronic inflammation may indicate an imbalance,contributing to conditions like autoimmune diseases.Understanding these mechanisms is vital for developing therapeutic strategies and managing chronic diseases.展开更多
Background Obese children are at increased risk for abnormal cardiac structure and function. Little is known about adre-nomedullin (AM), a cytokine produced in various organs and tissues, as a biomarker of cardiac hyp...Background Obese children are at increased risk for abnormal cardiac structure and function. Little is known about adre-nomedullin (AM), a cytokine produced in various organs and tissues, as a biomarker of cardiac hypertrophy in obese children. This study aimed to assess the plasma AM levels in a cohort of obese children and its relationship to left ventricular (LV) functions. Methods The study included 60 obese children and 60 non-obese children matched for age and gender as control group. Blood pressure, serum lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin and plasma AM and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured. Cardiac dimensions and LV functions were assessed using conventional echocardiography. Results Compared to control subjects, obese children had higher blood pressure (P = 0.01), insulin (P = 0.001), HOMA-IR (P = 0.001), and AM (P = 0.001). Moreover, obese children had higher LV mass index (LVMI) (P = 0.001), indicating LV hypertrophy;prolonged isovolumic relaxation times (P = 0.01), prolonged mitral deceleration time (DcT) (P = 0.01) and reduced ratio of mitralE-to-mitralA-wave peak velocity (P = 0.01), indicating LV diastolic dysfunction. Laboratory abnor-malities were only present in children with LV hypertrophy. In multivariate analysis in obese children with LV hypertrophy, AM levels were positively correlated with LVMI [odds ratio (OR) 1.14, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.08–1.13,P = 0.0001] and mitral DcT (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.15–2.05,P = 0.01) in the presence of higher blood pressure and HOMA-IR. A cut-offvalue of AM at 52 pg/mL could differentiate obese children with and without left ventricular hypertrophy at a sensitivity of 94.32% and specificity of 92.45%. Conclusions Plasma AM levels may be elevated in obese children particularly those with LV hypertrophy and is correlated with higher blood pressure and insulin resistance. Measurement of plasma AM levels in obese children may help to identify those at high risk of developing LV hypertrophy and dysfunction.展开更多
Objective To investigate the vasoactive effects of adrenotensin and the interactions between adrenotensin and adrenomedullin (ADM) Methods Isolated rat aortic tension, rat mean arterial pressure and 3 H TdR incorporat...Objective To investigate the vasoactive effects of adrenotensin and the interactions between adrenotensin and adrenomedullin (ADM) Methods Isolated rat aortic tension, rat mean arterial pressure and 3 H TdR incorporation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells were measured Isolated rat aortas were incubated in K H solution containing adrenomedullin or adrenotensin The released adrenotensin or adrenomedullin (in incubation medium) from rat aortas was measured by radioimmunoassay Results 1×10 8 and 1×10 7 mol/L adrenotensin augmented rat aortic tension in a dose dependent manner ( P <0 01) An intravenous bolus injection of adrenotensin (2 5?nmol/kg, iv) increased the mean arterial pressure by 28% in anesthetized rats ( P <0 01) 1×10 7 mol/L adrenotensin increased 3 H TdR incorporation in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells by 55% ( P <0 01) Adrenomedullin inhibited these activities of adrenotensin to different extents 1×10 9 , 1×10 8 and 1×10 7 mol/L adrenotensin decreased adrenomedullin release rates by 19%, 35% and 46%, respectively ( P <0 05 or P <0 01) and 1×10 8 mol/L adrenomedullin also inhibited adrenotensin release by 45% from rat aorta ( P <0 01) Conclusion Adrenotensin is a novel peptide that elicits the activities of vasoconstriction, pressor effects and induces the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells There is antagonism in vascular activities and reciprocal inhibition in the release between adrenotensin and adrenomedullin These interactions are manifestations of intramolecular regulation of proadrenomedullin (Pro ADM)展开更多
The aim of this study was to observe the effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) on endothelin (ET) production induced by urotensin Ⅱ (UⅡ) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Cultured VSMCs which were incubated wit...The aim of this study was to observe the effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) on endothelin (ET) production induced by urotensin Ⅱ (UⅡ) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Cultured VSMCs which were incubated with UⅡ (10-8 mol/L) and with various concentrations of ADM were used to measure the VSMCs 3H-TdR incorporation, the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), the amount of ET mRNA and ET production in VSMCs. In this work we found that incubation with UⅡ (10-8 mol/L) increased obviously the amount of ET mRNA in VSMCs and ET production in medium, however, co-incubation with ADM (10-10-10-8 mol/L) and UⅡ(10-8 mol/L) reduced the amount of ET mRNA by 15%, 24% and 45% (P【 0.01) respectively, compared with UⅡ alone. The content of ET in medium was 14.13, 11.38 and 11.00 pg/mL. ADM alone (10-8 mol/L) had no effect on ET production in VSMCs. UⅡ (10-8 mol/L) promoted the 3H-TdR incorporation and activity of ERK in VSMCs. ADM inhibited VSMCs 3H-TdR incorporation and activation of展开更多
基金This study was supported by Shandong Provincial Medicine and Health Technology Development Plan(2018WS047).
文摘Background:To explore the expression of adrenomedullin in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues,and to construct a eukaryotic expression vector that effectively overexpresses adrenomedullin gene and a short hairpin RNA eukaryotic expression vector that effectively inhibits adrenomedullin gene.This study lays the foundation for exploring the impact of adrenomedullin on solid tumors.Methods:A total of 60 samples of gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were collected.Immunohistochemical staining was used to verify the expression of adrenomedullin in gastric adenocarcinoma and the adjacent tissues.According to the adrenomedullin gene sequence in the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the design principle of the small interfering RNA target sequence,design and construct three specific short hairpin RNA expression vectors targeting the adrenomedullin gene mRNA and one homology using the lentiviral vector KLPO.1.The negative control vector,RT-PCR and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression of the adrenomedullin gene,and the expression vector with the best inhibitory effect was selected.The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3 was used to construct an overexpression vector containing the full length of the adrenomedullin cDNA.RT-PCR and Western blotting methods were used to detect the expression of the adrenomedullin gene.Results:The PLKO.1-adrenomedullin with the best inhibitory effect and the human adrenomedullin gene overexpression vector pcDNA-adrenomedullin were successfully constructed and screened.Conclusion:Adrenomedullin is highly expressed in gastric cancer,and effectively inhibiting the expression of adrenomedullin in gastric cancer may have certain value in the treatment of gastric cancer.
文摘The changes of adrenomedullin (ADM), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels before and after operation in congenital heart disease (CHD) associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH) were observed in order to investigate their role in CHD with PH and their clinical significance. The CHD patients were divided into 3 groups according to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP): Non-PH group: PASP≤30 mmHg ( n =11); mild-PH group: PASP 31-49 mmHg ( n =10); moderate or severe-PH group: PASP≥50 mmHg ( n =12). The control group consisted of 15 health children. Plasma ADM, ET-1 and NO levels were determined by radioimmunoassay and colorimetry methods. The correlation between ADM and ET-1, NO, PASP was analyzed. The changes in plasma ADM, ET-1 and plasma NO on the 7th day after operation among the groups were compared. The results showed that plasma ADM levels in non-PH group were significantly higher than that in control group ( P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in ET-1 and NO levels between the two groups ( P >0.05). ADM and ET-1 levels in mild-PH group were significantly elevated as compared with those in non-PH group (both P <0.05), but NO levels were decreased ( P <0.05). ADM and ET-1 levels in moderate or severe-PH groups were increased as compared with those in mild-PH group (both P <0.01), but NO level significantly declined ( P <0.05). On the 7th day after operation, plasma ADM and ET-1 levels in PH group were significantly decreased ( P <0.05, P <0.01) as compared with those before operation, but there was no significant difference in NO levels ( P >0.05). But NO levels in non-PH group were significantly increased ( P <0.05). Plasma ADM levels in CHD were positively correlated with PASP and ET-1 ( r =0.77, P <0.01; r =0.82, P <0.01), negatively correlated with NO ( r =-0.56, P <0.05). It was concluded that during the progression of PH in the cases of CHD, plasma ADM, ET-1 and NO might play an important role in the development of PH. The increased ADM may represent a compensatory mechanism. It can interact with NO and ET-1 to regulate pulmonary circulation in the pathophysiology of PH with CHD. ADM may be involved in the defence mechanism against further increase of pulmonary arterial pressure. ADM could be used as a reliable indicator of the severity of CHD associated PH.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81400922(to DMW),81571084the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China,No.2018J01813(to DMW)the College of Life Sciences of Fujian Normal University of China,No.FZSKG2018016(to DMW)
文摘Adrenomedullin,a peptide with multiple physiological functions in nervous system injury and disease,has aroused the interest of researchers.This review summarizes the role of adrenomedullin in neuropathological disorders,including pathological pain,brain injury and nerve regeneration,and their treatment.As a newly characterized pronociceptive mediator,adrenomedullin has been shown to act as an upstream factor in the transmission of noxious information for various types of pathological pain including acute and chronic inflammatory pain,cancer pain,neuropathic pain induced by spinal nerve injury and diabetic neuropathy.Initiation of glia-neuron signaling networks in the peripheral and central nervous system by adrenomedullin is involved in the formation and maintenance of morphine tolerance.Adrenomedullin has been shown to exert a facilitated or neuroprotective effect against brain injury including hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury.Additionally,adrenomedullin can serve as a regulator to promote nerve regeneration in pathological conditions.Therefore,adrenomedullin is an important participant in nervous system diseases.
基金Supported by The University of Hong Kong Seed Funding Program for Basic Research,No.201111159132the Sun Chieh Yeh Heart Foundation
文摘Adrenomedullin(ADM) is a peptide hormone widely expressed in different tissues, especially in the vasculature. Apart from its vasodilatatory and hypotensive effect, it plays multiple roles in the regulation of hormonal secretion, glucose metabolism and inflammatory response. ADM regulates insulin balance and may participate in the development of diabetes. The plasma level of ADM is increased in people with diabetes, while in healthy individuals the plasma ADM concentration remains low. Plasma ADM levels are further increased in patients with diabetic complications. In type 1 diabetes, plasma ADM level is correlated with renal failure and retinopathy, while in type 2 diabetes its level is linked with a wider range of complications. The elevation of ADM level in diabetes may be due to hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress and endothelial injury. At the same time, a rise in plasma ADM level can trigger the onset of diabetes. Strategies to reduce ADM level should be explored so as to reduce diabetic complications.
文摘Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of adrenomedullin ( AM ) on apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cell in rats induced by renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group,IRI group, empty plasmid group and AM group. One week after re-
基金Supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China,No.30170417
文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of adrenomedullin (AM) gene overexpression on the biological characteristics of human hepatic stellate cells (hHSCs) by stable transfection.METHODS: hHSCs which express low basal levels of AM were stably transfected with an expression construct containing rat AM gene or with an empty expression vector. Expression of AM in hHSCs was determined by reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Cell proliferation was evaluated by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and immunocytochemistry. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to test the expression of procollagen types Ⅰ and Ⅲ. Protein expressions of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1), gelatinase (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) were assessed by Western blot.RESULTS: Two cell clones (A-2, A-8) transfected withthe AM gene expressed higher levels of AM mRNA (nontransfected group: 0.86±0.11, empty vector group: 1.01±0.11, A-2 clone group: 1.44±0.08 and A-8 clone group: 1.36±0.05) and protein (12.31±0.17, 12.35±0.12,12.56±0.06 and 12.62±0.07) (P＜0.05). AM geneoverexpression had inhibitory effects on cell proliferation of hHSCs (29.6%, 30.9%, 18.9% and 21.8%, respectively. P＜0.05) and expression of procollagen type Ⅰ (0.58±0.1,0.48±0.11, 0.3±0.06 and 0.31±0.07 at mRNA level)(0.27±0.07, 0.3±0.06, 0.14±0.05 and 0.13±0.05 at protein level) (P＜0.05) and procollagen type Ⅲ (0.17±0.04, 0.15±0.03, 0.1±0.02 and 0.09±0.02 at mRNA level) (0.22±0.04, 0.2±0.03, 0.11±0.04 and 0.13±0.03 at protein level) (P＜0.05). Compared with cells non-transfected (TIMp2: 2.77±0.03, MMP-2: 0.5±0.04, MMP-1: 0.49±0.07) and transfected with empty vector (TIMP2: 2.79±0.04,MMP-2: 0.48±0.03, MMP-1: 0.45±0.09), these two clones had lower expression levels of TIMP2(A-2 clone group: 2.7±0.02 and A-8 clone group: 2.71±0.02) (P＜0.05) and MMP-2(A-2 clone group: 0.15±0.05 and A-8 clone group: 0.13±0.04) (P＜0.05) but displayed a higher expression level of MMP-1(A-2 clone group: 0.68±0.06 and A-8 clone group: 0.81±0.09) (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: AM gene exerts negative influence to some extent on hHSCs by inhibiting proliferation and production of extracellular matrix (ECM) in addition to inducing MMP-1 expression.
基金Nature Science Foundation of the Department of Eucation of Jiangsu Province(00KJD320017)
文摘Objective:To investigate the role and mechanism of adrenomedullin(AM) in diabetic nephropathy. Methods: This research observed the changes of the expression and secretion of AM,TGF-β1 in the cultured human mesangial cells under high glucose conditions and the contents of the laminin and type Ⅳ collagen in the supernatants,and the effect of intervention with AM on the changes. Results: High glucose condition resulted in increase in the expression and secretion of AM, TGF-β1,laminin and type Ⅳ collagen, and AM could reverse the influence of high glucose on the cultured human mesangial cells. Conclusion: The results showed that high glucose condition in one of the stimulating factors of AM,and the renal protective action of AM may be associated with suppression of TGF-β1 and reducing excessive accumulation of laminin and type Ⅳ collagen.
文摘Interm ed in(IMD)/adrenom edu llin-2(ADM2)是最近克隆出来的降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)超家族成员,其结构类似于CGRP、肾上腺髓质素,通过降钙素受体样受体/受体活性修饰蛋白起作用。IMD/ADM2是一种内源性心脏-肾脏保护因子,作为循环激素和旁/自分泌因子在多种组织中发挥广泛生物学功能,具有降低血压、扩张冠脉、抗心脏缺血/再灌注损伤、调节水和电解质平衡、调节垂体激素分泌等生物学效应。
文摘Inflammation is a multifaceted cellular and molecular response triggered by injury,infection,or various pathological conditions.Serving as a protective defense mechanism,the inflammatory response involves clinical signs like redness,swelling,pain,and increased body temperature.Immune cells,notably neutrophils and macrophages,play key roles in orchestrating this response.The delicate balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators,including cytokines and chemokines,regulates the inflammatory cascade.While acute inflammation is crucial for tissue repair,chronic inflammation may indicate an imbalance,contributing to conditions like autoimmune diseases.Understanding these mechanisms is vital for developing therapeutic strategies and managing chronic diseases.
文摘Background Obese children are at increased risk for abnormal cardiac structure and function. Little is known about adre-nomedullin (AM), a cytokine produced in various organs and tissues, as a biomarker of cardiac hypertrophy in obese children. This study aimed to assess the plasma AM levels in a cohort of obese children and its relationship to left ventricular (LV) functions. Methods The study included 60 obese children and 60 non-obese children matched for age and gender as control group. Blood pressure, serum lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin and plasma AM and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured. Cardiac dimensions and LV functions were assessed using conventional echocardiography. Results Compared to control subjects, obese children had higher blood pressure (P = 0.01), insulin (P = 0.001), HOMA-IR (P = 0.001), and AM (P = 0.001). Moreover, obese children had higher LV mass index (LVMI) (P = 0.001), indicating LV hypertrophy;prolonged isovolumic relaxation times (P = 0.01), prolonged mitral deceleration time (DcT) (P = 0.01) and reduced ratio of mitralE-to-mitralA-wave peak velocity (P = 0.01), indicating LV diastolic dysfunction. Laboratory abnor-malities were only present in children with LV hypertrophy. In multivariate analysis in obese children with LV hypertrophy, AM levels were positively correlated with LVMI [odds ratio (OR) 1.14, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.08–1.13,P = 0.0001] and mitral DcT (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.15–2.05,P = 0.01) in the presence of higher blood pressure and HOMA-IR. A cut-offvalue of AM at 52 pg/mL could differentiate obese children with and without left ventricular hypertrophy at a sensitivity of 94.32% and specificity of 92.45%. Conclusions Plasma AM levels may be elevated in obese children particularly those with LV hypertrophy and is correlated with higher blood pressure and insulin resistance. Measurement of plasma AM levels in obese children may help to identify those at high risk of developing LV hypertrophy and dysfunction.
文摘Objective To investigate the vasoactive effects of adrenotensin and the interactions between adrenotensin and adrenomedullin (ADM) Methods Isolated rat aortic tension, rat mean arterial pressure and 3 H TdR incorporation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells were measured Isolated rat aortas were incubated in K H solution containing adrenomedullin or adrenotensin The released adrenotensin or adrenomedullin (in incubation medium) from rat aortas was measured by radioimmunoassay Results 1×10 8 and 1×10 7 mol/L adrenotensin augmented rat aortic tension in a dose dependent manner ( P <0 01) An intravenous bolus injection of adrenotensin (2 5?nmol/kg, iv) increased the mean arterial pressure by 28% in anesthetized rats ( P <0 01) 1×10 7 mol/L adrenotensin increased 3 H TdR incorporation in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells by 55% ( P <0 01) Adrenomedullin inhibited these activities of adrenotensin to different extents 1×10 9 , 1×10 8 and 1×10 7 mol/L adrenotensin decreased adrenomedullin release rates by 19%, 35% and 46%, respectively ( P <0 05 or P <0 01) and 1×10 8 mol/L adrenomedullin also inhibited adrenotensin release by 45% from rat aorta ( P <0 01) Conclusion Adrenotensin is a novel peptide that elicits the activities of vasoconstriction, pressor effects and induces the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells There is antagonism in vascular activities and reciprocal inhibition in the release between adrenotensin and adrenomedullin These interactions are manifestations of intramolecular regulation of proadrenomedullin (Pro ADM)
基金This work was supported by the State Major Basic Research Development Program (Grant No. G2000056905).
文摘The aim of this study was to observe the effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) on endothelin (ET) production induced by urotensin Ⅱ (UⅡ) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Cultured VSMCs which were incubated with UⅡ (10-8 mol/L) and with various concentrations of ADM were used to measure the VSMCs 3H-TdR incorporation, the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), the amount of ET mRNA and ET production in VSMCs. In this work we found that incubation with UⅡ (10-8 mol/L) increased obviously the amount of ET mRNA in VSMCs and ET production in medium, however, co-incubation with ADM (10-10-10-8 mol/L) and UⅡ(10-8 mol/L) reduced the amount of ET mRNA by 15%, 24% and 45% (P【 0.01) respectively, compared with UⅡ alone. The content of ET in medium was 14.13, 11.38 and 11.00 pg/mL. ADM alone (10-8 mol/L) had no effect on ET production in VSMCs. UⅡ (10-8 mol/L) promoted the 3H-TdR incorporation and activity of ERK in VSMCs. ADM inhibited VSMCs 3H-TdR incorporation and activation of
