The oligomerzation reactions on different catalysts were investigated and discussed. 1-Octene, 1-decene, 1-do- decene, a mixture of olefins （with a mass ratio of w（l-octene）： w（1-decenc）：w（1-dodecene） equatin...The oligomerzation reactions on different catalysts were investigated and discussed. 1-Octene, 1-decene, 1-do- decene, a mixture of olefins （with a mass ratio of w（l-octene）： w（1-decenc）：w（1-dodecene） equating to 30：40：30）, and the products from paraffin cracking were oligomerized on the AlCl3/TiC14 catalyst. The results indicated that the AlCl3 catalyst led to severe coking reaction. With an increase in carbon number of alpha-olefins, the freezing point of oligomers increased and the kinematic viscosity decreased. The oligomers formed from the mixed olefins and the paraffin cracking products showed higher kinematic viscosity. Normal paraffins contained in the cracked products could increase the freezing point of oligomers. Furthermore, the distillation range of oligomers obtained from the cracked products was close to those of oligo- mers originated from 1-octene and 1-decene, while the oligomers obtained from the mixed olefins and 1-dodecene had simi- lar distillation ranges.展开更多
The formation conditions of C, Al4C3 and Al2O3 in the Al Cl disproportionation process in vacuum to produce aluminum was investigated by thermodynamics analysis. It is demonstrated that the required temperatures for t...The formation conditions of C, Al4C3 and Al2O3 in the Al Cl disproportionation process in vacuum to produce aluminum was investigated by thermodynamics analysis. It is demonstrated that the required temperatures for the reactions to form these impurities, the disproportionation of CO and the reactions of metallic aluminum with CO, decrease with decreasing pressure. The lg pCO-1/T diagram of metallic aluminum-CO system agrees with the experimental results, indicating that the reaction rate is very high and this system in vacuum is approximately in equilibrium; therefore, the equilibrium diagram can be used to predict the possible reactions in this system in vacuum.展开更多
BaTiO3是非常常见的铁电材料,经常用于制备铁电光伏器件或与半导体器件相结合来优化光伏器件的光电性能。采用水热法合成了BaTiO3纳米颗粒,并在FTO玻璃上制备了BaTiO3纳米晶薄膜,通过TiCl4水溶液后处理的方法在BaTiO3纳米薄膜上形成不...BaTiO3是非常常见的铁电材料,经常用于制备铁电光伏器件或与半导体器件相结合来优化光伏器件的光电性能。采用水热法合成了BaTiO3纳米颗粒,并在FTO玻璃上制备了BaTiO3纳米晶薄膜,通过TiCl4水溶液后处理的方法在BaTiO3纳米薄膜上形成不同厚度的TiO2层,利用XRD、SEM和TEM分别对BaTiO3@TiO2纳米复合薄膜的物相和形貌进行了表征。将此电极经N719染料敏化后作为染料敏化太阳能电池的光阳极,并进行了光电性能测试。研究结果表明,水热法制备的BaTiO3薄膜晶型为四方相,呈球形多孔,平均粒径约50 nm;经过TiCl4后处理,在BaTiO3薄膜表面形成了锐钛矿相的TiO2颗粒。180℃下水热合成的BaTiO3纳米颗粒经过4次TiCl4后处理制备成的染料敏化太阳能电池取得了最优性能,其光电流密度9.78 mA cm-2,开路电压765 mV,填充因子76.1%和光电转换效率5.69%。展开更多
基金the SINOPEC Corporation for the financial support
文摘The oligomerzation reactions on different catalysts were investigated and discussed. 1-Octene, 1-decene, 1-do- decene, a mixture of olefins （with a mass ratio of w（l-octene）： w（1-decenc）：w（1-dodecene） equating to 30：40：30）, and the products from paraffin cracking were oligomerized on the AlCl3/TiC14 catalyst. The results indicated that the AlCl3 catalyst led to severe coking reaction. With an increase in carbon number of alpha-olefins, the freezing point of oligomers increased and the kinematic viscosity decreased. The oligomers formed from the mixed olefins and the paraffin cracking products showed higher kinematic viscosity. Normal paraffins contained in the cracked products could increase the freezing point of oligomers. Furthermore, the distillation range of oligomers obtained from the cracked products was close to those of oligo- mers originated from 1-octene and 1-decene, while the oligomers obtained from the mixed olefins and 1-dodecene had simi- lar distillation ranges.
基金Project(51364020)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The formation conditions of C, Al4C3 and Al2O3 in the Al Cl disproportionation process in vacuum to produce aluminum was investigated by thermodynamics analysis. It is demonstrated that the required temperatures for the reactions to form these impurities, the disproportionation of CO and the reactions of metallic aluminum with CO, decrease with decreasing pressure. The lg pCO-1/T diagram of metallic aluminum-CO system agrees with the experimental results, indicating that the reaction rate is very high and this system in vacuum is approximately in equilibrium; therefore, the equilibrium diagram can be used to predict the possible reactions in this system in vacuum.
文摘BaTiO3是非常常见的铁电材料,经常用于制备铁电光伏器件或与半导体器件相结合来优化光伏器件的光电性能。采用水热法合成了BaTiO3纳米颗粒,并在FTO玻璃上制备了BaTiO3纳米晶薄膜,通过TiCl4水溶液后处理的方法在BaTiO3纳米薄膜上形成不同厚度的TiO2层,利用XRD、SEM和TEM分别对BaTiO3@TiO2纳米复合薄膜的物相和形貌进行了表征。将此电极经N719染料敏化后作为染料敏化太阳能电池的光阳极,并进行了光电性能测试。研究结果表明,水热法制备的BaTiO3薄膜晶型为四方相,呈球形多孔,平均粒径约50 nm;经过TiCl4后处理,在BaTiO3薄膜表面形成了锐钛矿相的TiO2颗粒。180℃下水热合成的BaTiO3纳米颗粒经过4次TiCl4后处理制备成的染料敏化太阳能电池取得了最优性能,其光电流密度9.78 mA cm-2,开路电压765 mV,填充因子76.1%和光电转换效率5.69%。
