Cancer stands as one of the major threats to human life.Ensuring the safety of drugs is paramount,and the impact of adverse reactions on patients’quality of life and prognosis should not be underestimated.Diarrhea is...Cancer stands as one of the major threats to human life.Ensuring the safety of drugs is paramount,and the impact of adverse reactions on patients’quality of life and prognosis should not be underestimated.Diarrhea is a common clinical adverse event,and despite the absence of specific anti-diarrhea drugs,there is a pressing need for improvement.This article aims to provide a valuable reference for researchers in clinical drug use and scientific tumor treatment.It summarizes recent advancements in drug mechanisms and adverse reactions,whether in preclinical research or clinical diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
Pterostilbene is a natural compound that can be found in various food plants such as blueberries,grapes,and peanuts.It has also been reported to be extracted from Pterocarpus indicus,a tree species native to India and...Pterostilbene is a natural compound that can be found in various food plants such as blueberries,grapes,and peanuts.It has also been reported to be extracted from Pterocarpus indicus,a tree species native to India and Southeast Asia.Pterostilbene exhibits various pharmacological activities such as antioxidants,anti-proliferation,anti-microbial,and anti-inflammatory activities with favorable pharmacokinetic properties,such as high oral bioavailability and longer half-life.The anti-inflammatory effect of pterostilbene has been reported to contribute to its therapeutic effects in many chronic inflammatory diseases.Besides,pterostilbene has anti-cancer activity on various types of cancers due to its ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.Hence,in this review,we discuss the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of pterostilbene in preclinical studies.展开更多
Taraxasterol(TS)is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Taraxacum mongolicum.Previous studies have highlighted its significant roles in exhibiting anti-inflammator...Taraxasterol(TS)is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Taraxacum mongolicum.Previous studies have highlighted its significant roles in exhibiting anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,and liver protective effects.In the present study,the anti-cancer potential of TS against cervical cancer was investigated,employing network pharmacology techniques,molecular docking,and in vitro experimental validation.TS exhibits its anticancer properties by modulating multiple targets,pathways,and biological processes.In vitro experiments demonstrated the potent inhibitory effects of TS on cancer cell growth and migration,while no significant impact on apoptosis was observed.The primary objective was to elucidate the anti-cancer potential of TS,which is a crucial lead compound in the treatment of cervical cancer.The findings may serve as a basis for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics and medicine-based interventions for cervical cancer.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the anti-colon cancer effects of ethylacetate fraction from Orostachys japonicus(0. japonicus) on HT-29 cancer cells. Methods: The viability of HT-29 cells was assayed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylt...Objective: To investigate the anti-colon cancer effects of ethylacetate fraction from Orostachys japonicus(0. japonicus) on HT-29 cancer cells. Methods: The viability of HT-29 cells was assayed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium(MTS) method. Apoptosis induction and cell cycle inhibition were confirmed by fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide staining using flow cytometry.Morphological changes in the nucleus were observed, using a fluorescence microscope with4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI) nuclear staining. The expression levels of the upstream and downstream proteins involved in the anti-cancer mechanism were confirmed by Western blotting. Results: After treating HT-29 cells with different concentrations of ethylacetate fraction from O. japonicus, the viability of cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner,while apoptosis induction and apoptotic body formation increased. Cell cycle analysis showed that the arrest occurred at the sub-G_1 and S phase. Among the upstream and downstream proteins involved in anti-cancer activity, the level of B cell lymphoma-2 decreased, and the bcl-2-associated x protein increased. The level of pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-8, and pro-caspase-9 decreased, while the level of cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-8, and cleaved-caspase-9 increased. Moreover, the phosphorylation, that is, activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2, Jun-N-terminal kinase, and p38 increased. Conclusions: Combining the above results, it is thought that the survival of HT-29 cells is suppressed by ethylacetate fraction from0. japonicus through mitochondrial regulation-induced caspase cascade activation, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.展开更多
A series of ruthenium azopyridine complexes have recently been investigated due to their potential cytotoxic activities against renal cancer (A498), lung cancer (H226), ovarian cancer (IGROV), breast cancer (MCF-7) an...A series of ruthenium azopyridine complexes have recently been investigated due to their potential cytotoxic activities against renal cancer (A498), lung cancer (H226), ovarian cancer (IGROV), breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer (WIDR). Thus, in order to predict the cytotoxic potentials of these compounds, quantitative structure-activity relationship studies were carried out using the methods of quantum chemistry. Five Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) models were obtained from the determined quantum descriptors and the different activities. The models present the following statistical indicators: regression correlation coefficient R2 = 0.986 - 0.905, standard deviation S = 0.516 - 0.153, Fischer test F = 106.718 - 14.220, correlation coefficient of cross-validation = 0.985- 0.895 and = 0.010 - 0.001. The statistical characteristics of the established QSAR models satisfy the acceptance and external validation criteria, thereby accrediting their good performance. The models developed show that the variation of the free enthalpy of reaction , the dipole moment μ and the charge of the ligand in the complex Ql, are the explanatory and predictive quantum descriptors correlated with the values of the anti-cancer activity of the studied complexes. Moreover, the charge of the ligand is the priority descriptor for the prediction of the cytotoxicity of the compounds studied. Furthermore, QSAR models developed are statistically significant and predictive, and could be used for the design and synthesis of new anti-cancer molecules.展开更多
BACKGROUND At present,colorectal cancer is routinely treated with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy postoperatively.The adverse effects(AEs)of chemotherapy usually interrupt the treatment of chemotherapy.Traditio...BACKGROUND At present,colorectal cancer is routinely treated with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy postoperatively.The adverse effects(AEs)of chemotherapy usually interrupt the treatment of chemotherapy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has demonstrated great potential in improving patients'clinical symptoms,regulating the immune function,improving the life quality,and reducing the AEs of chemotherapy.AIM To observe the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Jianpi anti-cancer prescription combined with chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer after operation.METHODS Data from patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between January 2019 and February 2021 were collected from Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Patients receiving the chemotherapy regimen of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin(CAPOX)after radical resection of colorectal cancer were prospectively collected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.The experimental group was given Yiqi Jianpi anti-cancer prescription combined with the CAPOX regimen,while the control group was given the CAPOX regimen alone.After six cycles of chemotherapy,the scores of TCM symptoms,Karnofsky performance scale(KPS)score,levels of T-cell subsets,and AEs after chemo therapy of the two groups were compared.RESULTS A total of 70 patients were randomly divided into either an experimental group(n=35,no dropout)or a control group(n=33,with 2 dropouts).Compared with the control group,the experimental group improved significantly(P<0.05)in scores of TCM symptoms,KPS score,levels of T-cell subsets,and AEs of chemotherapy.CONCLUSION Yiqi Jianpi anti-cancer prescription can effectively improve spleen deficiency,regulate the immune function,and alleviate the AEs of chemotherapy,so as to improve the life quality of patients with good therapeutic effects and application prospect in clinical practice.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the biochemical constituents of the fruits of Terminalia bellerica(Gaertn.)Roxb.(hereafter termed T.bellerica)and estimate the anti-cancer activity of different polar extracts.Methods:To rapid...Objective:To investigate the biochemical constituents of the fruits of Terminalia bellerica(Gaertn.)Roxb.(hereafter termed T.bellerica)and estimate the anti-cancer activity of different polar extracts.Methods:To rapidly screen and identify the biochemical constituents of ethyl acetate(EA)extracts of T.bellerica,ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI-MSn)was done.The CellTiter-BlueTM cell-viability assay was used to ascertain the anti-cancer activity of different polar extracts in 10 human cancer cell lines.Results:Forty polyphenols of the EA extract of T.bellerica were characterized tentatively.The EA extract exhibited significant anti-cancer activity against ZR-75-1 cells(half-maximal inhibitory concentration=27.33(0.98)μg/mL)and Colo-205 cells(39.65(2.99)μg/mL)in vitro.Treatment of ZR-75-1 cells with 20 and 60μg/mL of the EA extract elicited dosedependent apoptosis percentages at an early stage of 17.58(0.74)%and at a late stage of 29.20(1.22)%;Colo-205 cells at the same concentration of EA extract had values of 21.33(1.03)%and 40.55(0.34)%,respectively.Western blotting suggested that ZR-75-1 and Colo205 cells treated with the EA extract showed a similar increasing tendency for expression of cleaved anti-poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase I.Conclusion:We identified a total of 40 chemical constituents,of which 11 were first obtained from the Terminalia Linn.genus using UPLC-ESI-MSn.Meanwhile,we observe that the EA extract of T.bellerica possesses anti-cancer activity,especially against breast and colon cancers.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the potential immunomodulatory effects of an aqueous extract of Sesamum indicum seeds with regard to splenocyte proliferation,Th1/Th2 balance,macrophage function,and the cytotoxic activity of nat...Objective:To evaluate the potential immunomodulatory effects of an aqueous extract of Sesamum indicum seeds with regard to splenocyte proliferation,Th1/Th2 balance,macrophage function,and the cytotoxic activity of natural killer(NK)cells.Methods:Splenocyte proliferation was measured by[~3H]-thymidine incorporation.Griess assay was performed to evaluate the production of nitric oxide by macrophages.The levels of cytokines secreted by splenocytes and macrophages were measured by ELISA.JAM assay was performed to examine the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against YAC-1 tumor cells.Results:Sesamum indicum significantly enhanced splenocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.Sesamum indicum also increased and suppressed the secretion of Th1 and Th2 cytokines,respectively,by splenocytes.The secretion of key pro-inflammatory mediators(IL-6,TNFα,and nitric oxide)by primary macrophages was significantly inhibited by Sesamum indicum.Moreover,Sesamum indicum increased the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against YAC-1 tumor cells.Conclusions:Sesamum indicum shows potent immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,and anti-cancer effects.Constituents of Sesamum indicum may be used as effective therapeutic agents in regulating immune reactions implicated in various infectious and noninfectious conditions including cancer.展开更多
Objective:To explore antioxidant potential,anti-cancer activity,and phytochemicals of Commelina benghalensis L.Methods:The roots of Commelina benghalensis were extracted in different solvents(methanol,ethanol,benzene,...Objective:To explore antioxidant potential,anti-cancer activity,and phytochemicals of Commelina benghalensis L.Methods:The roots of Commelina benghalensis were extracted in different solvents(methanol,ethanol,benzene,chloroform,n-hexane)with a range of polarity.Antioxidant activity was evaluated by reducing power assay,DPPH radical scavenging activity and phosphomolybdenum method,cytotoxicity by MTT assay,apoptotic and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry,migratory and invasive potential by wound scratch assay and invasion assay,respectively,functional groups analysis by FT-IR spectroscopy and phytochemicals by aluminum chloride colorimetric and FolinCiocalteu methods.Results:The extracts showed worthy antioxidant potential.The chloroform extract demonstrated the most significant cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB-231(breast cancer)cell line,induced apoptosis and reduced migratory and invasive potential of MDA-MB-231 cells.Methanol and ethanol extracts presented good yield of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents.The FTIR spectroscopic studies revealed different characteristic peak values with various functional compounds such as alkenes,alkanes,aliphatic amines,aromatics,alkyl halides,carboxylic acid,alcohols,ester,aldehydes and ketones.Conclusions:The results demonstrate the potential use of Commelina benghalensis as a good antioxidant with significant anticancer effect.展开更多
Cancer-beating molecules (CBMs) are abundant in many types of food and potentially anti-cancer therapeutic agents. In the previous work, researchers introduced a network-based machine learning platform to identify the...Cancer-beating molecules (CBMs) are abundant in many types of food and potentially anti-cancer therapeutic agents. In the previous work, researchers introduced a network-based machine learning platform to identify the cancer-beating molecules, for example,?comparing the similarities in the molecular network between approved anticancer drug and food molecules. Herein, we aim to build on this work to enhance the accuracy of predicting food molecules. In this project, we improve supervised learning approaches by applying Soft Voting algorithm to seven machine learning algorithms: Support Vector Machine with Radial Basis Function (SVM with RBF kernel), multilayer perceptron neural network?(MLP), Random forest, Decision trees,?Gaussian Naive Bayes, Adaboosting, and Bagging. As a result, the accuracy in the dataset of 50 food molecules utilized increased from 82% to 87%, achieving a significant improvement in the precision of?predicting anti-cancer molecules.展开更多
Purpose: To establish a HPLC testing method of the content of bulk picoplatin and its impurities. Method: the separation was perform on a C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 m) with potassium dihydrogen phosphate-aceton-...Purpose: To establish a HPLC testing method of the content of bulk picoplatin and its impurities. Method: the separation was perform on a C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 m) with potassium dihydrogen phosphate-aceton-itrile as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detecting wavelength was set at 210 nm, and the column temperature was set at 30℃. Result: in the method validation, the linear relationship modulus of picoplatin is 0.9999, the systemic precision is 0.44%, the method precision is 0.74%, the average recovery rate is 99.62%, the LOD and LOQ of picoplatin is 0.2 ng and 1.0 ng. The average resolution of picoplatin and its impurities is more than 2. Conclusion: The established method is good specificity, high sensitivity, and good repeatability which could provide scientific evidence for the quality control of picoplatin and its impurities.展开更多
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has been used to treat the symptoms of organ fever, food poisoning, typhoid fever, sore throat, cough due to lung heat, children's diseases and so on since the ancient times. It is a so...Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has been used to treat the symptoms of organ fever, food poisoning, typhoid fever, sore throat, cough due to lung heat, children's diseases and so on since the ancient times. It is a solid Chinese herbal medicine which is good for the health. In recent years, it has been found that licorice extract also has excellent anti-cancer effect. The 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, obtained by hydrolysis of precursor glycyrrhizic acid, is a relatively efficient anti-cancer ingredient. 18β glycyrrhetinic acid can exert anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, preventing oxidation, inhibiting neovascularization, inhibiting lymphangiogenesis, and regulating hormone secretion. This paper reviewed the advances in research of the anticancer mechanism of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, to provide a theoretical basis for future research.展开更多
RP215 is one of the three thousand monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) which were generated against the OC-3-VGH ovarian cancer cell line. RP215 was shown to react with a carbohydrate-associated epitope located specifically ...RP215 is one of the three thousand monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) which were generated against the OC-3-VGH ovarian cancer cell line. RP215 was shown to react with a carbohydrate-associated epitope located specifically on glycoproteins, known as CA215, from cancer cells. Further molecular analysis by matrix adsorption laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) revealed that CA215 consists mainly of immunoglobulin super-family (IgSF) proteins, including immunoglobulins, T-cell receptors, and cell adhesion molecules, as well as several other unrelated proteins. Peptide mappings and glycoanalysis were performed with CA215 and revealed high-mannose and complex bisecting structures with terminal sialic acid in N-glycans. As many as ten O-glycans, which are structurally similar to those of mucins, were also identified. In addition, two additional O-linked glycans were exclusively detected in cancerous immunoglobulins but not in normal B cell-derived immunoglobulins. Immunizations of mice with purified CA215 resulted in the predominant generation of RP215-related Mabs, indicating the immunodominance of this carbohydrate-associated epitope. Anti-idiotype (anti-id) Mabs of RP215, which were generated in the rat, were shown to contain the internal images of the carbohydrate-associated epitope. Following immunizations of these anti-id Mabs in mice, the resulting anti-anti-id (Ab3) responses in mice were found to be immunologically similar to that of RP215. Judging from these observations, anti-id Mabs, which carry the internal image of the RP215-specific epitope, may be suitable candidates for anticancer vaccine development in humans.展开更多
Objective Bacillus strains are well known for their natural bioactive products that have antimicrobial and/or anti-cancer activities.Many of Bacillus’structurally unique metabolites can combat human diseases,includin...Objective Bacillus strains are well known for their natural bioactive products that have antimicrobial and/or anti-cancer activities.Many of Bacillus’structurally unique metabolites can combat human diseases,including cancers.However,because Bacillus’metabolites are so abundant,few have been studied extensively enough to fully characterize their chemical constitutions and biological functions.Methods In this study,we focused on the isolation and purification of a new Bacillus strain,and determined the effects of its metabolites on bacteria and cancer cells.Our study focused on a new strain of Bacillus isolated from deer dung.Based on BLAST results,this isolate belongs to Bacillus subtilis,and therefore we named the strain Bacillus subtilis NC16.Congo red assay was used to test the cellulase activity.The inhibition zone was measured to test the antimicrobial activity.CCK-8,wound healing and flow cytometry were used to test the anti-cancer activity.Results Metabolites from Bacillus subtilis NC16 have both antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities.They can both suppress the growth of Trichoderma vride and Staphylococcus aureus,and inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.Conclusion Our results suggest that Bacillus subtilis NC16 can not only degrade cellulose,but its metabolites may be sources of antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs.展开更多
After more than a decade of controversy on the role of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment,the emerging data shed light on pro-tumorigenic and potential anti-cancer factors,as well as on the roots of the discr...After more than a decade of controversy on the role of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment,the emerging data shed light on pro-tumorigenic and potential anti-cancer factors,as well as on the roots of the discrepancies.We discuss the pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal cells,considering the effects of tumor drivers like hypoxia and tumor stiffness on these cells,as well as stromal cell-mediated adiposity and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment,and cancer initiating cells'cellular senescence and adaptive metabolism.We summarize the emerging data supporting stromal cell therapeutic potential in cancer,discuss the possibility to reprogram stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer effects,and explore some causes of discrepancies on the roles of stromal cells in cancer in the available literature.展开更多
In order to control the silver content in the preparation process of platinum group anti-cancer drugs, we put two kinds of color reagent to color in the production process of the platinum anti-cancer drugs by UV spect...In order to control the silver content in the preparation process of platinum group anti-cancer drugs, we put two kinds of color reagent to color in the production process of the platinum anti-cancer drugs by UV spectra measurement to control drugs production of platinum anticancer, thus we could control the silver content in the drugs so that it meets the pharmacopoeia standards of US and展开更多
Cancer constitutes a heterogenic cellular system with a high level of spatio-temporal complexity.Recent discoveries by systems biologists have provided emerging evidence that cellular responses to anti-cancer modaliti...Cancer constitutes a heterogenic cellular system with a high level of spatio-temporal complexity.Recent discoveries by systems biologists have provided emerging evidence that cellular responses to anti-cancer modalities are stochastic in nature.To uncover the intricacies of cell-to-cell variability and its relevance to cancer therapy,new analytical screening technologies are needed.The last decade has brought forth spectacular innovations in the field of cytometry and single cell cytomics,opening new avenues for systems oncology and high-throughput real-time drug screening routines.The up-and-coming microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip(LOC)technology and micrototal analysis systems(μTAS)are arguably the most promising platforms to address the inherent complexity of cellular systems with massive experimental parallelization and 4D analysis on a single cell level.The vast miniaturization of LOC systems and multiplexing enables innovative strategies to reduce drug screening expenditures while increasing throughput and content of information from a given sample.Small cell numbers and operational reagent volumes are sufficient for microfluidic analyzers and,as such,they enable next generation high-throughput and high-content screening of anticancer drugs on patient-derived specimens.Herein we highlight the selected advancements in this emerging field of bioengineering,and provide a snapshot of developments with relevance to anti-cancer drug screening routines.展开更多
Phyto-chemicals are increasingly being used in the treatment of cancer because of their availability,potential anti-cancer activity with less adverse effects when compared with chemotherapy.The variation of climate an...Phyto-chemicals are increasingly being used in the treatment of cancer because of their availability,potential anti-cancer activity with less adverse effects when compared with chemotherapy.The variation of climate and geography in South Asian countries provides a nursing environment for the growth of versatile plant species,that are repeatedly drawing attention of the scientific community.In this review,we have focused on the anti-cancer potential of thirty plants,which are commonly found in Bangladesh,India,Nepal,Pakistan and Sri Lanka,with their mechanisms of action.In particular,we have discussed the bio-active components that display anti-cancer activity,which have been identified in these plants.This review may help researchers to profile plants with known anti-cancer effect of this region and further investigations of anti-cancer agents in medicinal plants from South Asia.展开更多
The aim of this study was to identify the decision-making process of anti-cancer treatment in elderly patients with advanced lung cancer. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 patients aged 70 and above to...The aim of this study was to identify the decision-making process of anti-cancer treatment in elderly patients with advanced lung cancer. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 patients aged 70 and above to collect data on their feelings and thoughts from the time of diagnosis till they made treatment decisions. The data was analyzed using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach that was modified by Prof. Yasuhito Kinoshita. We found the process to be composed of six categories. The results showed that elderly patients with advanced lung cancer were panicked over unavoidable death when informed of stage IV lung cancer and offered suggestions about anti-cancer treatment. However, trying to accept the situation where death is imminent, patients reconsidered having cancer in older age and recognized a desire to survive even in older age. This process diverged into two paths: one group of patients changed their ideas from radical to life-prolonging treatment by recognizing a desire to survive even in older age and then made anti-cancer treatment decisions by carefully choosing treatment that would allow to carry on their usual way of life;the other group of patients made treatment decisions by carefully choosing physicians to whom they could entrust their life in older age. These findings suggest that it is important for nurses to: 1) encourage patients to talk in order to have them think about what they have valued and want to value in the rest of their life;2) assess if patients prefer to decide on their own by carefully choosing treatment or entrust treatment decisions to physicians;and 3) offer support according to patients’ preferences.展开更多
文摘Cancer stands as one of the major threats to human life.Ensuring the safety of drugs is paramount,and the impact of adverse reactions on patients’quality of life and prognosis should not be underestimated.Diarrhea is a common clinical adverse event,and despite the absence of specific anti-diarrhea drugs,there is a pressing need for improvement.This article aims to provide a valuable reference for researchers in clinical drug use and scientific tumor treatment.It summarizes recent advancements in drug mechanisms and adverse reactions,whether in preclinical research or clinical diagnosis and therapy.
基金the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)Malaysia through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)with grant number:FRGS/1/2019/SKK10/UKM/01/1.
文摘Pterostilbene is a natural compound that can be found in various food plants such as blueberries,grapes,and peanuts.It has also been reported to be extracted from Pterocarpus indicus,a tree species native to India and Southeast Asia.Pterostilbene exhibits various pharmacological activities such as antioxidants,anti-proliferation,anti-microbial,and anti-inflammatory activities with favorable pharmacokinetic properties,such as high oral bioavailability and longer half-life.The anti-inflammatory effect of pterostilbene has been reported to contribute to its therapeutic effects in many chronic inflammatory diseases.Besides,pterostilbene has anti-cancer activity on various types of cancers due to its ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.Hence,in this review,we discuss the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of pterostilbene in preclinical studies.
基金This study was supported by local special projects in major health of Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Department(2022BCE054)key scientific research projects of Hubei polytechnic University(23xjz08A).
文摘Taraxasterol(TS)is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from the traditional Chinese herb Taraxacum mongolicum.Previous studies have highlighted its significant roles in exhibiting anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,and liver protective effects.In the present study,the anti-cancer potential of TS against cervical cancer was investigated,employing network pharmacology techniques,molecular docking,and in vitro experimental validation.TS exhibits its anticancer properties by modulating multiple targets,pathways,and biological processes.In vitro experiments demonstrated the potent inhibitory effects of TS on cancer cell growth and migration,while no significant impact on apoptosis was observed.The primary objective was to elucidate the anti-cancer potential of TS,which is a crucial lead compound in the treatment of cervical cancer.The findings may serve as a basis for the development of novel anticancer therapeutics and medicine-based interventions for cervical cancer.
基金supported by the 2016 Inje University research grant
文摘Objective: To investigate the anti-colon cancer effects of ethylacetate fraction from Orostachys japonicus(0. japonicus) on HT-29 cancer cells. Methods: The viability of HT-29 cells was assayed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium(MTS) method. Apoptosis induction and cell cycle inhibition were confirmed by fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide staining using flow cytometry.Morphological changes in the nucleus were observed, using a fluorescence microscope with4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI) nuclear staining. The expression levels of the upstream and downstream proteins involved in the anti-cancer mechanism were confirmed by Western blotting. Results: After treating HT-29 cells with different concentrations of ethylacetate fraction from O. japonicus, the viability of cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner,while apoptosis induction and apoptotic body formation increased. Cell cycle analysis showed that the arrest occurred at the sub-G_1 and S phase. Among the upstream and downstream proteins involved in anti-cancer activity, the level of B cell lymphoma-2 decreased, and the bcl-2-associated x protein increased. The level of pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-8, and pro-caspase-9 decreased, while the level of cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-8, and cleaved-caspase-9 increased. Moreover, the phosphorylation, that is, activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2, Jun-N-terminal kinase, and p38 increased. Conclusions: Combining the above results, it is thought that the survival of HT-29 cells is suppressed by ethylacetate fraction from0. japonicus through mitochondrial regulation-induced caspase cascade activation, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
文摘A series of ruthenium azopyridine complexes have recently been investigated due to their potential cytotoxic activities against renal cancer (A498), lung cancer (H226), ovarian cancer (IGROV), breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer (WIDR). Thus, in order to predict the cytotoxic potentials of these compounds, quantitative structure-activity relationship studies were carried out using the methods of quantum chemistry. Five Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) models were obtained from the determined quantum descriptors and the different activities. The models present the following statistical indicators: regression correlation coefficient R2 = 0.986 - 0.905, standard deviation S = 0.516 - 0.153, Fischer test F = 106.718 - 14.220, correlation coefficient of cross-validation = 0.985- 0.895 and = 0.010 - 0.001. The statistical characteristics of the established QSAR models satisfy the acceptance and external validation criteria, thereby accrediting their good performance. The models developed show that the variation of the free enthalpy of reaction , the dipole moment μ and the charge of the ligand in the complex Ql, are the explanatory and predictive quantum descriptors correlated with the values of the anti-cancer activity of the studied complexes. Moreover, the charge of the ligand is the priority descriptor for the prediction of the cytotoxicity of the compounds studied. Furthermore, QSAR models developed are statistically significant and predictive, and could be used for the design and synthesis of new anti-cancer molecules.
文摘BACKGROUND At present,colorectal cancer is routinely treated with adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy postoperatively.The adverse effects(AEs)of chemotherapy usually interrupt the treatment of chemotherapy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has demonstrated great potential in improving patients'clinical symptoms,regulating the immune function,improving the life quality,and reducing the AEs of chemotherapy.AIM To observe the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Jianpi anti-cancer prescription combined with chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer after operation.METHODS Data from patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between January 2019 and February 2021 were collected from Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Patients receiving the chemotherapy regimen of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin(CAPOX)after radical resection of colorectal cancer were prospectively collected and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.The experimental group was given Yiqi Jianpi anti-cancer prescription combined with the CAPOX regimen,while the control group was given the CAPOX regimen alone.After six cycles of chemotherapy,the scores of TCM symptoms,Karnofsky performance scale(KPS)score,levels of T-cell subsets,and AEs after chemo therapy of the two groups were compared.RESULTS A total of 70 patients were randomly divided into either an experimental group(n=35,no dropout)or a control group(n=33,with 2 dropouts).Compared with the control group,the experimental group improved significantly(P<0.05)in scores of TCM symptoms,KPS score,levels of T-cell subsets,and AEs of chemotherapy.CONCLUSION Yiqi Jianpi anti-cancer prescription can effectively improve spleen deficiency,regulate the immune function,and alleviate the AEs of chemotherapy,so as to improve the life quality of patients with good therapeutic effects and application prospect in clinical practice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China:Surface Project(81274187)Longitudinal Research Project of the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(2020072120043).
文摘Objective:To investigate the biochemical constituents of the fruits of Terminalia bellerica(Gaertn.)Roxb.(hereafter termed T.bellerica)and estimate the anti-cancer activity of different polar extracts.Methods:To rapidly screen and identify the biochemical constituents of ethyl acetate(EA)extracts of T.bellerica,ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry(UPLC-ESI-MSn)was done.The CellTiter-BlueTM cell-viability assay was used to ascertain the anti-cancer activity of different polar extracts in 10 human cancer cell lines.Results:Forty polyphenols of the EA extract of T.bellerica were characterized tentatively.The EA extract exhibited significant anti-cancer activity against ZR-75-1 cells(half-maximal inhibitory concentration=27.33(0.98)μg/mL)and Colo-205 cells(39.65(2.99)μg/mL)in vitro.Treatment of ZR-75-1 cells with 20 and 60μg/mL of the EA extract elicited dosedependent apoptosis percentages at an early stage of 17.58(0.74)%and at a late stage of 29.20(1.22)%;Colo-205 cells at the same concentration of EA extract had values of 21.33(1.03)%and 40.55(0.34)%,respectively.Western blotting suggested that ZR-75-1 and Colo205 cells treated with the EA extract showed a similar increasing tendency for expression of cleaved anti-poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase I.Conclusion:We identified a total of 40 chemical constituents,of which 11 were first obtained from the Terminalia Linn.genus using UPLC-ESI-MSn.Meanwhile,we observe that the EA extract of T.bellerica possesses anti-cancer activity,especially against breast and colon cancers.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the potential immunomodulatory effects of an aqueous extract of Sesamum indicum seeds with regard to splenocyte proliferation,Th1/Th2 balance,macrophage function,and the cytotoxic activity of natural killer(NK)cells.Methods:Splenocyte proliferation was measured by[~3H]-thymidine incorporation.Griess assay was performed to evaluate the production of nitric oxide by macrophages.The levels of cytokines secreted by splenocytes and macrophages were measured by ELISA.JAM assay was performed to examine the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against YAC-1 tumor cells.Results:Sesamum indicum significantly enhanced splenocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.Sesamum indicum also increased and suppressed the secretion of Th1 and Th2 cytokines,respectively,by splenocytes.The secretion of key pro-inflammatory mediators(IL-6,TNFα,and nitric oxide)by primary macrophages was significantly inhibited by Sesamum indicum.Moreover,Sesamum indicum increased the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against YAC-1 tumor cells.Conclusions:Sesamum indicum shows potent immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,and anti-cancer effects.Constituents of Sesamum indicum may be used as effective therapeutic agents in regulating immune reactions implicated in various infectious and noninfectious conditions including cancer.
文摘Objective:To explore antioxidant potential,anti-cancer activity,and phytochemicals of Commelina benghalensis L.Methods:The roots of Commelina benghalensis were extracted in different solvents(methanol,ethanol,benzene,chloroform,n-hexane)with a range of polarity.Antioxidant activity was evaluated by reducing power assay,DPPH radical scavenging activity and phosphomolybdenum method,cytotoxicity by MTT assay,apoptotic and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry,migratory and invasive potential by wound scratch assay and invasion assay,respectively,functional groups analysis by FT-IR spectroscopy and phytochemicals by aluminum chloride colorimetric and FolinCiocalteu methods.Results:The extracts showed worthy antioxidant potential.The chloroform extract demonstrated the most significant cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB-231(breast cancer)cell line,induced apoptosis and reduced migratory and invasive potential of MDA-MB-231 cells.Methanol and ethanol extracts presented good yield of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents.The FTIR spectroscopic studies revealed different characteristic peak values with various functional compounds such as alkenes,alkanes,aliphatic amines,aromatics,alkyl halides,carboxylic acid,alcohols,ester,aldehydes and ketones.Conclusions:The results demonstrate the potential use of Commelina benghalensis as a good antioxidant with significant anticancer effect.
文摘Cancer-beating molecules (CBMs) are abundant in many types of food and potentially anti-cancer therapeutic agents. In the previous work, researchers introduced a network-based machine learning platform to identify the cancer-beating molecules, for example,?comparing the similarities in the molecular network between approved anticancer drug and food molecules. Herein, we aim to build on this work to enhance the accuracy of predicting food molecules. In this project, we improve supervised learning approaches by applying Soft Voting algorithm to seven machine learning algorithms: Support Vector Machine with Radial Basis Function (SVM with RBF kernel), multilayer perceptron neural network?(MLP), Random forest, Decision trees,?Gaussian Naive Bayes, Adaboosting, and Bagging. As a result, the accuracy in the dataset of 50 food molecules utilized increased from 82% to 87%, achieving a significant improvement in the precision of?predicting anti-cancer molecules.
文摘Purpose: To establish a HPLC testing method of the content of bulk picoplatin and its impurities. Method: the separation was perform on a C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 m) with potassium dihydrogen phosphate-aceton-itrile as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detecting wavelength was set at 210 nm, and the column temperature was set at 30℃. Result: in the method validation, the linear relationship modulus of picoplatin is 0.9999, the systemic precision is 0.44%, the method precision is 0.74%, the average recovery rate is 99.62%, the LOD and LOQ of picoplatin is 0.2 ng and 1.0 ng. The average resolution of picoplatin and its impurities is more than 2. Conclusion: The established method is good specificity, high sensitivity, and good repeatability which could provide scientific evidence for the quality control of picoplatin and its impurities.
基金Supported by the Multigrain Production and Processing Characteristic Discipline Construction Projectthe Postdoctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(LBH-Q13132)National key research and Development Plan"Regulation and Activity Retention Technology and Application of Coarse Cereals Active Components in Processing"(2017YFD0401203)
文摘Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch has been used to treat the symptoms of organ fever, food poisoning, typhoid fever, sore throat, cough due to lung heat, children's diseases and so on since the ancient times. It is a solid Chinese herbal medicine which is good for the health. In recent years, it has been found that licorice extract also has excellent anti-cancer effect. The 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, obtained by hydrolysis of precursor glycyrrhizic acid, is a relatively efficient anti-cancer ingredient. 18β glycyrrhetinic acid can exert anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, preventing oxidation, inhibiting neovascularization, inhibiting lymphangiogenesis, and regulating hormone secretion. This paper reviewed the advances in research of the anticancer mechanism of 18β glycyrrhetinic acid, to provide a theoretical basis for future research.
文摘RP215 is one of the three thousand monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) which were generated against the OC-3-VGH ovarian cancer cell line. RP215 was shown to react with a carbohydrate-associated epitope located specifically on glycoproteins, known as CA215, from cancer cells. Further molecular analysis by matrix adsorption laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) revealed that CA215 consists mainly of immunoglobulin super-family (IgSF) proteins, including immunoglobulins, T-cell receptors, and cell adhesion molecules, as well as several other unrelated proteins. Peptide mappings and glycoanalysis were performed with CA215 and revealed high-mannose and complex bisecting structures with terminal sialic acid in N-glycans. As many as ten O-glycans, which are structurally similar to those of mucins, were also identified. In addition, two additional O-linked glycans were exclusively detected in cancerous immunoglobulins but not in normal B cell-derived immunoglobulins. Immunizations of mice with purified CA215 resulted in the predominant generation of RP215-related Mabs, indicating the immunodominance of this carbohydrate-associated epitope. Anti-idiotype (anti-id) Mabs of RP215, which were generated in the rat, were shown to contain the internal images of the carbohydrate-associated epitope. Following immunizations of these anti-id Mabs in mice, the resulting anti-anti-id (Ab3) responses in mice were found to be immunologically similar to that of RP215. Judging from these observations, anti-id Mabs, which carry the internal image of the RP215-specific epitope, may be suitable candidates for anticancer vaccine development in humans.
基金supported by a grant from Training Program of the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91543123).
文摘Objective Bacillus strains are well known for their natural bioactive products that have antimicrobial and/or anti-cancer activities.Many of Bacillus’structurally unique metabolites can combat human diseases,including cancers.However,because Bacillus’metabolites are so abundant,few have been studied extensively enough to fully characterize their chemical constitutions and biological functions.Methods In this study,we focused on the isolation and purification of a new Bacillus strain,and determined the effects of its metabolites on bacteria and cancer cells.Our study focused on a new strain of Bacillus isolated from deer dung.Based on BLAST results,this isolate belongs to Bacillus subtilis,and therefore we named the strain Bacillus subtilis NC16.Congo red assay was used to test the cellulase activity.The inhibition zone was measured to test the antimicrobial activity.CCK-8,wound healing and flow cytometry were used to test the anti-cancer activity.Results Metabolites from Bacillus subtilis NC16 have both antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities.They can both suppress the growth of Trichoderma vride and Staphylococcus aureus,and inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.Conclusion Our results suggest that Bacillus subtilis NC16 can not only degrade cellulose,but its metabolites may be sources of antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs.
文摘After more than a decade of controversy on the role of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment,the emerging data shed light on pro-tumorigenic and potential anti-cancer factors,as well as on the roots of the discrepancies.We discuss the pro-tumorigenic effects of stromal cells,considering the effects of tumor drivers like hypoxia and tumor stiffness on these cells,as well as stromal cell-mediated adiposity and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment,and cancer initiating cells'cellular senescence and adaptive metabolism.We summarize the emerging data supporting stromal cell therapeutic potential in cancer,discuss the possibility to reprogram stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer effects,and explore some causes of discrepancies on the roles of stromal cells in cancer in the available literature.
文摘In order to control the silver content in the preparation process of platinum group anti-cancer drugs, we put two kinds of color reagent to color in the production process of the platinum anti-cancer drugs by UV spectra measurement to control drugs production of platinum anticancer, thus we could control the silver content in the drugs so that it meets the pharmacopoeia standards of US and
文摘Cancer constitutes a heterogenic cellular system with a high level of spatio-temporal complexity.Recent discoveries by systems biologists have provided emerging evidence that cellular responses to anti-cancer modalities are stochastic in nature.To uncover the intricacies of cell-to-cell variability and its relevance to cancer therapy,new analytical screening technologies are needed.The last decade has brought forth spectacular innovations in the field of cytometry and single cell cytomics,opening new avenues for systems oncology and high-throughput real-time drug screening routines.The up-and-coming microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip(LOC)technology and micrototal analysis systems(μTAS)are arguably the most promising platforms to address the inherent complexity of cellular systems with massive experimental parallelization and 4D analysis on a single cell level.The vast miniaturization of LOC systems and multiplexing enables innovative strategies to reduce drug screening expenditures while increasing throughput and content of information from a given sample.Small cell numbers and operational reagent volumes are sufficient for microfluidic analyzers and,as such,they enable next generation high-throughput and high-content screening of anticancer drugs on patient-derived specimens.Herein we highlight the selected advancements in this emerging field of bioengineering,and provide a snapshot of developments with relevance to anti-cancer drug screening routines.
文摘Phyto-chemicals are increasingly being used in the treatment of cancer because of their availability,potential anti-cancer activity with less adverse effects when compared with chemotherapy.The variation of climate and geography in South Asian countries provides a nursing environment for the growth of versatile plant species,that are repeatedly drawing attention of the scientific community.In this review,we have focused on the anti-cancer potential of thirty plants,which are commonly found in Bangladesh,India,Nepal,Pakistan and Sri Lanka,with their mechanisms of action.In particular,we have discussed the bio-active components that display anti-cancer activity,which have been identified in these plants.This review may help researchers to profile plants with known anti-cancer effect of this region and further investigations of anti-cancer agents in medicinal plants from South Asia.
文摘The aim of this study was to identify the decision-making process of anti-cancer treatment in elderly patients with advanced lung cancer. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 patients aged 70 and above to collect data on their feelings and thoughts from the time of diagnosis till they made treatment decisions. The data was analyzed using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach that was modified by Prof. Yasuhito Kinoshita. We found the process to be composed of six categories. The results showed that elderly patients with advanced lung cancer were panicked over unavoidable death when informed of stage IV lung cancer and offered suggestions about anti-cancer treatment. However, trying to accept the situation where death is imminent, patients reconsidered having cancer in older age and recognized a desire to survive even in older age. This process diverged into two paths: one group of patients changed their ideas from radical to life-prolonging treatment by recognizing a desire to survive even in older age and then made anti-cancer treatment decisions by carefully choosing treatment that would allow to carry on their usual way of life;the other group of patients made treatment decisions by carefully choosing physicians to whom they could entrust their life in older age. These findings suggest that it is important for nurses to: 1) encourage patients to talk in order to have them think about what they have valued and want to value in the rest of their life;2) assess if patients prefer to decide on their own by carefully choosing treatment or entrust treatment decisions to physicians;and 3) offer support according to patients’ preferences.
