In the wake of ever-increasing environmental pollution, human skin in the modern urban world is exposed to increased levels of harmful environmental pollutants. Many studies have shown that these pollutants can weaken...In the wake of ever-increasing environmental pollution, human skin in the modern urban world is exposed to increased levels of harmful environmental pollutants. Many studies have shown that these pollutants can weaken the epidermal skin barrier and thus facilitate the penetration of these substances into the skin. An important goal of modern skin care against harmful environmental influences should therefore be to protect and strengthen the epidermal barrier and to repair occurring damage quickly and efficiently. With this in mind, in the present study we investigated what damage cigarette smoke causes to the epidermal barrier and 1) whether the regular application of a O/W emulsion (Day Cream) can protectively strengthen the epidermal barrier against environmental damage and 2) whether a cigarette smoke-induced disruption of the epidermal barrier is restored faster and better by the regular application of a another O/W emulsion (Night Cream) than in product-untreated skin. The two products are slightly different in plant-oil, active ingredient composition and texture. Firstly, the study has shown that the Lipbarvis<sup>?</sup> method is suitable for measuring the effect of cigarette smoke, in contrast to conventional biophysical measurement methods (transepidermal water loss, skin hydration). Secondly, both products were able to improve skin barrier function in the corresponding test scenario. This was demonstrated for both test products by a significantly reduced TEWL, significantly increased skin hydration and significantly improved length of the lipid lamellae in the intercellular space, as well as the protective effect of the day cream on the epidermal skin barrier and the regenerative properties of the tested night cream. .展开更多
Based on the literature review of environmental anti-pollution researches, this paper analyzes the administra- tive mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution with game theory. Based on the quantitative analysis on thre...Based on the literature review of environmental anti-pollution researches, this paper analyzes the administra- tive mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution with game theory. Based on the quantitative analysis on three correspond- ing game models with four players including local residents, enterprises, local governments and competent authorities at higher levels, this paper demonstrates four main shortcomings of current administrative mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution system, including low emission cost, low connivance cost, overemphasis on heavy fine of the enterprises, neglect of the punishment on the local departments and intersected administrative mechanism. This paper sets up anti- pollution administrative mechanism, combining economic method with noneconomic method, government control with market mechanism, and introducing public participation. At last, this paper proposes policies, such as implementing emissions trading system, reforming public participation system, and reforming government’s environmental protection mechanism to promote law enforcement.展开更多
WHILE some Chinese people hailed the news that an informal economic leaders＇ meeting at the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation （APEC） fo- rum would be held near Beijing＇s Yanqi Lake. many others worried whethe...WHILE some Chinese people hailed the news that an informal economic leaders＇ meeting at the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation （APEC） fo- rum would be held near Beijing＇s Yanqi Lake. many others worried whether or not these state leaders would have the courage to come to Beijing in autumn, when seri- ous air pollution might engulf the city and its surrounding regions.展开更多
On the basis of analysis of structure and properties, halloysite, a natural tubular mineral, was developed for an environmental treatment. TiO2 was mounted into halloysite by using hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate at...On the basis of analysis of structure and properties, halloysite, a natural tubular mineral, was developed for an environmental treatment. TiO2 was mounted into halloysite by using hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate at room temperature. The adsorption and photocatalytic performance of halloysite and TiO2-mounted halloysite have been examined in methylene blue aqueous solution in the dark and under ultraviolet ray irradiation, respectively. Their performance of adsorption and photodecomposition was evaluated from the adsorbed and degraded amounts of methylene blue （MB）. Due to the mixture of adsorption and photodecomposition, the concentration of MB, organic pollution, in water decreased rapidly with TiO2-mounted halloysite powder, which is a faster reaction than that with halloysite-only adsorption. This new use of halloysite is leading to many interesting applications in the decomposition and elimination of various pollutants in air and water.展开更多
Adding the polyamine inhibitor into drilling fluid can effectively strengthen the rejection capability and improve the rheological behavior of drilling fluid system. According to the analysis of the comparison of the ...Adding the polyamine inhibitor into drilling fluid can effectively strengthen the rejection capability and improve the rheological behavior of drilling fluid system. According to the analysis of the comparison of the physiochemical properties of the polyamine inhibitor, a polyamine polymer drilling fluid system was established by means of adding UAE polyamine into traditional polymer drilling fluid. Conventional properties and environmental influence of this system have been evaluated in this paper. The result indicates that the polymer drilling fluid system optimized by polyamine shows a high-performance, such as excellent rejection performance, better rheological and filtration properties, better environmental protection functions. Thus it can be used in high water-sensitive, high temperature, high pressure or vulnerable formation drilling operations.展开更多
文摘In the wake of ever-increasing environmental pollution, human skin in the modern urban world is exposed to increased levels of harmful environmental pollutants. Many studies have shown that these pollutants can weaken the epidermal skin barrier and thus facilitate the penetration of these substances into the skin. An important goal of modern skin care against harmful environmental influences should therefore be to protect and strengthen the epidermal barrier and to repair occurring damage quickly and efficiently. With this in mind, in the present study we investigated what damage cigarette smoke causes to the epidermal barrier and 1) whether the regular application of a O/W emulsion (Day Cream) can protectively strengthen the epidermal barrier against environmental damage and 2) whether a cigarette smoke-induced disruption of the epidermal barrier is restored faster and better by the regular application of a another O/W emulsion (Night Cream) than in product-untreated skin. The two products are slightly different in plant-oil, active ingredient composition and texture. Firstly, the study has shown that the Lipbarvis<sup>?</sup> method is suitable for measuring the effect of cigarette smoke, in contrast to conventional biophysical measurement methods (transepidermal water loss, skin hydration). Secondly, both products were able to improve skin barrier function in the corresponding test scenario. This was demonstrated for both test products by a significantly reduced TEWL, significantly increased skin hydration and significantly improved length of the lipid lamellae in the intercellular space, as well as the protective effect of the day cream on the epidermal skin barrier and the regenerative properties of the tested night cream. .
文摘Based on the literature review of environmental anti-pollution researches, this paper analyzes the administra- tive mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution with game theory. Based on the quantitative analysis on three correspond- ing game models with four players including local residents, enterprises, local governments and competent authorities at higher levels, this paper demonstrates four main shortcomings of current administrative mechanism of Huaihe River anti-pollution system, including low emission cost, low connivance cost, overemphasis on heavy fine of the enterprises, neglect of the punishment on the local departments and intersected administrative mechanism. This paper sets up anti- pollution administrative mechanism, combining economic method with noneconomic method, government control with market mechanism, and introducing public participation. At last, this paper proposes policies, such as implementing emissions trading system, reforming public participation system, and reforming government’s environmental protection mechanism to promote law enforcement.
文摘WHILE some Chinese people hailed the news that an informal economic leaders＇ meeting at the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation （APEC） fo- rum would be held near Beijing＇s Yanqi Lake. many others worried whether or not these state leaders would have the courage to come to Beijing in autumn, when seri- ous air pollution might engulf the city and its surrounding regions.
基金a project sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned 0verseas Chinese Scholarsthe State Education Ministry+1 种基金and in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50272005)the Analysis Foundation of Peking University
文摘On the basis of analysis of structure and properties, halloysite, a natural tubular mineral, was developed for an environmental treatment. TiO2 was mounted into halloysite by using hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate at room temperature. The adsorption and photocatalytic performance of halloysite and TiO2-mounted halloysite have been examined in methylene blue aqueous solution in the dark and under ultraviolet ray irradiation, respectively. Their performance of adsorption and photodecomposition was evaluated from the adsorbed and degraded amounts of methylene blue （MB）. Due to the mixture of adsorption and photodecomposition, the concentration of MB, organic pollution, in water decreased rapidly with TiO2-mounted halloysite powder, which is a faster reaction than that with halloysite-only adsorption. This new use of halloysite is leading to many interesting applications in the decomposition and elimination of various pollutants in air and water.
文摘Adding the polyamine inhibitor into drilling fluid can effectively strengthen the rejection capability and improve the rheological behavior of drilling fluid system. According to the analysis of the comparison of the physiochemical properties of the polyamine inhibitor, a polyamine polymer drilling fluid system was established by means of adding UAE polyamine into traditional polymer drilling fluid. Conventional properties and environmental influence of this system have been evaluated in this paper. The result indicates that the polymer drilling fluid system optimized by polyamine shows a high-performance, such as excellent rejection performance, better rheological and filtration properties, better environmental protection functions. Thus it can be used in high water-sensitive, high temperature, high pressure or vulnerable formation drilling operations.
