Objective:To investigate the effect of using audible thinking combined with the case teaching method in the teaching of nursing checkups for regulation nurses.Methods:The period was April 2023–April 2024,and a random...Objective:To investigate the effect of using audible thinking combined with the case teaching method in the teaching of nursing checkups for regulation nurses.Methods:The period was April 2023–April 2024,and a randomized controlled group study was carried out in which 76 regulation nurses in our hospital were randomly divided into a research group and a control group,with 38 regulation nurses in each group.The control group used conventional teaching methods,and the research group used audible thinking combined with the case teaching method,comparing the two groups’independent learning ability scores,assessment scores,and teaching satisfaction.Results:Independent learning ability score:after teaching,the research group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05);Assessment results:the research group was considerably higher than the control group(P<0.05);Teaching satisfaction:the research group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of audible thinking combined with the case teaching method in the teaching of nursing room visits for trained nurses can improve independent learning ability and assessment results and increase teaching satisfaction.展开更多
This paper presents a deep neural network(DNN)-based speech enhancement algorithm based on the soft audible noise masking for the single-channel wind noise reduction. To reduce the low-frequency residual noise, the ps...This paper presents a deep neural network(DNN)-based speech enhancement algorithm based on the soft audible noise masking for the single-channel wind noise reduction. To reduce the low-frequency residual noise, the psychoacoustic model is adopted to calculate the masking threshold from the estimated clean speech spectrum. The gain for noise suppression is obtained based on soft audible noise masking by comparing the estimated wind noise spectrum with the masking threshold. To deal with the abruptly time-varying noisy signals, two separate DNN models are utilized to estimate the spectra of clean speech and wind noise components. Experimental results on the subjective and objective quality tests show that the proposed algorithm achieves the better performance compared with the conventional DNN-based wind noise reduction method.展开更多
Early reflection is an important component in an enclosedsound field. Due to the precedence effect, the early reflection maynot be the dominant factor in sound source localization;however,it still has obvious influenc...Early reflection is an important component in an enclosedsound field. Due to the precedence effect, the early reflection maynot be the dominant factor in sound source localization;however,it still has obvious influences on spatial position, loudness, timbre,and etc. Till now, there have sparse studies on evaluation of theaudible threshold of early reflections with lacking of general andquantitative results. This work investigated the audible thresholdof early reflection with a simplified sound field model undervarious experimental conditions including the combination ofeight incidence angles and five time delays. Three-down-one-upadaptive strategy with three-interval three-alternativeforced-choice (3I-3AFC) paradigm was used due to its efficiencyand robustness. Results indicate that (1) the audible threshold ofearly reflections decreases monotonically with increasing timedelay relative to the direct sound. Furthermore, a linear equationbetween early reflection threshold and time delay is establishedwith correlation coefficient higher than 0.9;(2) When the directsound and the reflection locate in the same half-plane, the audiblethreshold of early reflections decreases with increasing angledeviation between the direct sound and the reflection. Moreover,a front-back symmetry of early reflection threshold is observedfor stimuli below 5 kHz;(3) Considerable variations in earlyreflection threshold are found among individuals, especially atlarge angle deviation and time delay of early reflections relativeto the direct sound.展开更多
Extra or ultra-high voltage transmission lines can exhibit strong corona discharge and generate severe audible noise(AN)at high altitudes,which has become a critical limiting factor for power lines construction.Howeve...Extra or ultra-high voltage transmission lines can exhibit strong corona discharge and generate severe audible noise(AN)at high altitudes,which has become a critical limiting factor for power lines construction.However,the AN data of bundle conductors at high altitudes are very rare,which cannot adequately support the power utilities to make reasonable conductor selections.In this paper,a sound pressure level(SPL)of 14 types of bundle conductors is investigated by using an ultra-high-voltage(UHV)corona cage(8 m×8 m×35 m)at an altitude of 2216 m,where the bundle numbers between 4 and 12 and the conductor types are used in 500 kV,750 kV or 1000 kV power transmission projects.Then a large number of valuable AN data are obtained;the influences of bundle numbers and sub-conductor diameters on an acoustic power density level(LPWL)are analyzed;and an A-weighted LPWL calculation method is proposed.In addition,by comparing the AN data obtained from the low-altitude area(altitude:23 m),the AN altitude correction factor is concluded,and the influences of conductor parameters and the surface electric field strength on correction factors are discussed.The results obtained in this paper can provide important data for the construction of high-altitude AC power lines.展开更多
The corona-generated audible noise(AN)factor is an important consideration in the design and operation of ultrahigh voltage direct current(DC)and alternate current(AC)transmission lines.Due to the differences in disch...The corona-generated audible noise(AN)factor is an important consideration in the design and operation of ultrahigh voltage direct current(DC)and alternate current(AC)transmission lines.Due to the differences in discharge process and corona-generated space charges between the DC and AC corona discharge,the audible noise from DC and AC corona has different characteristics.This paper conducts a series of experiments by measuring the time-domain waveforms of the audible noise from a single corona source under DC and AC voltage.Sound pressure pulses are extracted from a correlation analysis,and then a detailed comparison of the basic characteristics of DC and AC corona-generated AN in time-domain and frequency spectrum is given.Results from this paper stand to contribute to an explanation of existing results in AN measurement and analysis from DC and AC transmission lines.展开更多
The filter capacitor stack is one of the main acoustic noise sources in high-voltage DC(HVDC) converter stations.As HVDC systems are built more and more recently,it is significant to research the audible noise of filt...The filter capacitor stack is one of the main acoustic noise sources in high-voltage DC(HVDC) converter stations.As HVDC systems are built more and more recently,it is significant to research the audible noise of filter capacitors.In this paper,the current situation of research on vibration and audible noise of filter capacitors in HVDC converter stations,which is departed into three parts—generation mechanism,prediction methods,and reduction measures,is presented and the research achievements are discussed.Scholars have built the model that the alternating electric force caused by the voltage conduces to the vibration,which propagates to the enclosure and radiates audible noise.As a result,the parts contributing most to the generation of audible noise are the top and the bottom of capacitors. In the noise level prediction respect,several methods have been prospected including impact hammer,sweep frequency, impact current,monopole and Kirchhoff formula method,which are suitable for single capacitors or capacitors stacks individually.However,the sweep frequency method is restricted by experiment condition,and the impact current method needs further research and verified.On the other hand,CIGRE WG14.26 provides three sound reduction measures,but all of them are not so practicable,while MPP absorber and compressible space absorber prospected by Dr.Wu Peng are proved to be effective.The sound barriers are also considered by scholars,and the acoustic directivity performance of capacitors is also researched.Besides,the developing direction of each research field is prospected in corresponding part.展开更多
With the expansion of electricity demand,transmission corridors are becoming scarce.AC and DC circuits running parallel to each other and sharing the same right-of-way or even the same tower become a possible option.D...With the expansion of electricity demand,transmission corridors are becoming scarce.AC and DC circuits running parallel to each other and sharing the same right-of-way or even the same tower become a possible option.Due to the existence of the adjacent line,space electromagnetic field and corona of another line may be changed.Different characteristics of two line types make the electromagnetic field of transmission corridors become more complex.Hybrid line is viewed as a whole.The calculation contains surface gradient,ground level electric field,radio interference and audible noise.Interaction between the two line types is considered.The calculation results show that the interaction is mainly concentrated in the inner corridor.In the role of DC electric field,AC electric field is no longer symmetrical and ground level electric field is significantly enhanced.Under the negative DC voltage,the positive corona of the waveform is significantly strengthened,and it is inhibited under the positive DC voltage.It is better to erect the positive DC line near AC line.展开更多
Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An aud...Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An auditory rehabilitation programme may or may not be provided although literature suggests that such programmes may enhance hearing aid benefits. This study was conducted in an Arabic-speaking country, specifically Saudi Arabia, and is the first to develop an auditory rehabilitation intervention programme in the Arabic language that focuses on working age adults who are new hearing aid users. Randomised intervention study design. Thirty-five participants with mild to severe acquired hearing loss （intervention group n = 18, control group n = 17）. Significant changes were found in the performance of the intervention group in the Minimal Audible Capabilities （MAC） test, a lip reading test and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile （GHABP） questionnaire when compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in speech test scores between the two groups. A short individualised auditory rehabilitation intervention programme can yield a significant improvement in the performance of hearing impaired adults by enhancing the benefits of hearing aid use.展开更多
Pygmalion is one of Shaw′s best-known plays. It has been an enormous success all over the world. Pygmalion is quite distinctive in all Shaw′ plays. Generally speaking, Shaw′s plays don′f pay much attention to plet...Pygmalion is one of Shaw′s best-known plays. It has been an enormous success all over the world. Pygmalion is quite distinctive in all Shaw′ plays. Generally speaking, Shaw′s plays don′f pay much attention to plets, but the plot of Pygmalion is very interesting and attractive. Seemingly,展开更多
The user control over the life cycle of data is of an extreme importance in clouds in order to determine whether the service provider adheres to the client’s pre-specified needs in the contract between them or n...The user control over the life cycle of data is of an extreme importance in clouds in order to determine whether the service provider adheres to the client’s pre-specified needs in the contract between them or not, significant clients concerns raise on some aspects like social, location and the laws to which the data are subject to. The problem is even magnified more with the lack of transparency by Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). Auditing and compliance enforcement introduce different set of challenges in cloud computing that are not yet resolved. In this paper, a conducted questionnaire showed that the data owners have real concerns about not just the secrecy and integrity of their data in cloud environment, but also for spatial, temporal, and legal issues related to their data especially for sensitive or personal data. The questionnaire results show the importance for the data owners to address mainly three major issues: Their ability to continue the work, the secrecy and integrity of their data, and the spatial, legal, temporal constraints related to their data. Although a good volume of work was dedicated for auditing in the literature, only little work was dedicated to the fulfillment of the contractual obligations of the CSPs. The paper contributes to knowledge by proposing an extension to the auditing models to include the fulfillment of contractual obligations aspects beside the important aspects of secrecy and integrity of client’s data.展开更多
Studying pup isolation calls of wild rodents provides background for developing new early-life animal models for biomedical research and drug testing.This study discovered a highly complex acoustic phenotype of pup is...Studying pup isolation calls of wild rodents provides background for developing new early-life animal models for biomedical research and drug testing.This study discovered a highly complex acoustic phenotype of pup isolation calls in 4–5-day-old Mongolian hamsters Allocricetulus curtatus.We analyzed the acoustic structure of 5,010 isolation calls emitted in the broad range of frequencies(sonic,below 20 kHz,and ultrasonic,from 20 to 128 kHz)by 23 pups during 2-min isolation test trials,1 trial per pup.In addition,we measured 5 body size parameters and the body weight of each pup.The calls could contain up to 3 independent fundamental frequencies in their spectra,the low(f0),the medium(g0),and the high(h0),or purely consisted of chaos in which the fundamental frequency could not be tracked.By presence/absence of the 3 fundamental frequencies or their combinations and chaos,we classifed calls into 6 distinctive categories(low-frequency[LF]-f0,LF-chaos,high-frequency[HF]-g0,HF-h0,HF-g0+h0,and HF-chaos)and estimated the relative abundance of calls in each category.Between categories,we compared acoustic parameters and estimated their relationship with pup body size index.We discuss the results of this study with data on the acoustics of pup isolation calls reported for other species of rodents.We conclude that such high complexity of Mongolian hamster pup isolation calls is unusual for rodents.Decreased acoustic complexity serves as a good indicator of autism spectrum disorders in knockout mouse models,which makes knockout hamster models prospective new wild animal model of neurodevelopmental disorders.展开更多
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of using audible thinking combined with the case teaching method in the teaching of nursing checkups for regulation nurses.Methods:The period was April 2023–April 2024,and a randomized controlled group study was carried out in which 76 regulation nurses in our hospital were randomly divided into a research group and a control group,with 38 regulation nurses in each group.The control group used conventional teaching methods,and the research group used audible thinking combined with the case teaching method,comparing the two groups’independent learning ability scores,assessment scores,and teaching satisfaction.Results:Independent learning ability score:after teaching,the research group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05);Assessment results:the research group was considerably higher than the control group(P<0.05);Teaching satisfaction:the research group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of audible thinking combined with the case teaching method in the teaching of nursing room visits for trained nurses can improve independent learning ability and assessment results and increase teaching satisfaction.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.11590772, 11590770)the Pre-research Project for Equipment of General Information System (No.JZX2017-0994/Y306)
文摘This paper presents a deep neural network(DNN)-based speech enhancement algorithm based on the soft audible noise masking for the single-channel wind noise reduction. To reduce the low-frequency residual noise, the psychoacoustic model is adopted to calculate the masking threshold from the estimated clean speech spectrum. The gain for noise suppression is obtained based on soft audible noise masking by comparing the estimated wind noise spectrum with the masking threshold. To deal with the abruptly time-varying noisy signals, two separate DNN models are utilized to estimate the spectra of clean speech and wind noise components. Experimental results on the subjective and objective quality tests show that the proposed algorithm achieves the better performance compared with the conventional DNN-based wind noise reduction method.
基金supported by the National NatureScience Foundation of China (No. 11474103)Guangdong ModernVision-audio Information Engineering Technology Research Center(Guangzhou University, 2017.12-2019.12).
文摘Early reflection is an important component in an enclosedsound field. Due to the precedence effect, the early reflection maynot be the dominant factor in sound source localization;however,it still has obvious influences on spatial position, loudness, timbre,and etc. Till now, there have sparse studies on evaluation of theaudible threshold of early reflections with lacking of general andquantitative results. This work investigated the audible thresholdof early reflection with a simplified sound field model undervarious experimental conditions including the combination ofeight incidence angles and five time delays. Three-down-one-upadaptive strategy with three-interval three-alternativeforced-choice (3I-3AFC) paradigm was used due to its efficiencyand robustness. Results indicate that (1) the audible threshold ofearly reflections decreases monotonically with increasing timedelay relative to the direct sound. Furthermore, a linear equationbetween early reflection threshold and time delay is establishedwith correlation coefficient higher than 0.9;(2) When the directsound and the reflection locate in the same half-plane, the audiblethreshold of early reflections decreases with increasing angledeviation between the direct sound and the reflection. Moreover,a front-back symmetry of early reflection threshold is observedfor stimuli below 5 kHz;(3) Considerable variations in earlyreflection threshold are found among individuals, especially atlarge angle deviation and time delay of early reflections relativeto the direct sound.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51907065)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020MS097)。
文摘Extra or ultra-high voltage transmission lines can exhibit strong corona discharge and generate severe audible noise(AN)at high altitudes,which has become a critical limiting factor for power lines construction.However,the AN data of bundle conductors at high altitudes are very rare,which cannot adequately support the power utilities to make reasonable conductor selections.In this paper,a sound pressure level(SPL)of 14 types of bundle conductors is investigated by using an ultra-high-voltage(UHV)corona cage(8 m×8 m×35 m)at an altitude of 2216 m,where the bundle numbers between 4 and 12 and the conductor types are used in 500 kV,750 kV or 1000 kV power transmission projects.Then a large number of valuable AN data are obtained;the influences of bundle numbers and sub-conductor diameters on an acoustic power density level(LPWL)are analyzed;and an A-weighted LPWL calculation method is proposed.In addition,by comparing the AN data obtained from the low-altitude area(altitude:23 m),the AN altitude correction factor is concluded,and the influences of conductor parameters and the surface electric field strength on correction factors are discussed.The results obtained in this paper can provide important data for the construction of high-altitude AC power lines.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under Grant 2011CB209402.
文摘The corona-generated audible noise(AN)factor is an important consideration in the design and operation of ultrahigh voltage direct current(DC)and alternate current(AC)transmission lines.Due to the differences in discharge process and corona-generated space charges between the DC and AC corona discharge,the audible noise from DC and AC corona has different characteristics.This paper conducts a series of experiments by measuring the time-domain waveforms of the audible noise from a single corona source under DC and AC voltage.Sound pressure pulses are extracted from a correlation analysis,and then a detailed comparison of the basic characteristics of DC and AC corona-generated AN in time-domain and frequency spectrum is given.Results from this paper stand to contribute to an explanation of existing results in AN measurement and analysis from DC and AC transmission lines.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50907046)
文摘The filter capacitor stack is one of the main acoustic noise sources in high-voltage DC(HVDC) converter stations.As HVDC systems are built more and more recently,it is significant to research the audible noise of filter capacitors.In this paper,the current situation of research on vibration and audible noise of filter capacitors in HVDC converter stations,which is departed into three parts—generation mechanism,prediction methods,and reduction measures,is presented and the research achievements are discussed.Scholars have built the model that the alternating electric force caused by the voltage conduces to the vibration,which propagates to the enclosure and radiates audible noise.As a result,the parts contributing most to the generation of audible noise are the top and the bottom of capacitors. In the noise level prediction respect,several methods have been prospected including impact hammer,sweep frequency, impact current,monopole and Kirchhoff formula method,which are suitable for single capacitors or capacitors stacks individually.However,the sweep frequency method is restricted by experiment condition,and the impact current method needs further research and verified.On the other hand,CIGRE WG14.26 provides three sound reduction measures,but all of them are not so practicable,while MPP absorber and compressible space absorber prospected by Dr.Wu Peng are proved to be effective.The sound barriers are also considered by scholars,and the acoustic directivity performance of capacitors is also researched.Besides,the developing direction of each research field is prospected in corresponding part.
文摘With the expansion of electricity demand,transmission corridors are becoming scarce.AC and DC circuits running parallel to each other and sharing the same right-of-way or even the same tower become a possible option.Due to the existence of the adjacent line,space electromagnetic field and corona of another line may be changed.Different characteristics of two line types make the electromagnetic field of transmission corridors become more complex.Hybrid line is viewed as a whole.The calculation contains surface gradient,ground level electric field,radio interference and audible noise.Interaction between the two line types is considered.The calculation results show that the interaction is mainly concentrated in the inner corridor.In the role of DC electric field,AC electric field is no longer symmetrical and ground level electric field is significantly enhanced.Under the negative DC voltage,the positive corona of the waveform is significantly strengthened,and it is inhibited under the positive DC voltage.It is better to erect the positive DC line near AC line.
文摘Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An auditory rehabilitation programme may or may not be provided although literature suggests that such programmes may enhance hearing aid benefits. This study was conducted in an Arabic-speaking country, specifically Saudi Arabia, and is the first to develop an auditory rehabilitation intervention programme in the Arabic language that focuses on working age adults who are new hearing aid users. Randomised intervention study design. Thirty-five participants with mild to severe acquired hearing loss （intervention group n = 18, control group n = 17）. Significant changes were found in the performance of the intervention group in the Minimal Audible Capabilities （MAC） test, a lip reading test and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile （GHABP） questionnaire when compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in speech test scores between the two groups. A short individualised auditory rehabilitation intervention programme can yield a significant improvement in the performance of hearing impaired adults by enhancing the benefits of hearing aid use.
文摘Pygmalion is one of Shaw′s best-known plays. It has been an enormous success all over the world. Pygmalion is quite distinctive in all Shaw′ plays. Generally speaking, Shaw′s plays don′f pay much attention to plets, but the plot of Pygmalion is very interesting and attractive. Seemingly,
文摘The user control over the life cycle of data is of an extreme importance in clouds in order to determine whether the service provider adheres to the client’s pre-specified needs in the contract between them or not, significant clients concerns raise on some aspects like social, location and the laws to which the data are subject to. The problem is even magnified more with the lack of transparency by Cloud Service Providers (CSPs). Auditing and compliance enforcement introduce different set of challenges in cloud computing that are not yet resolved. In this paper, a conducted questionnaire showed that the data owners have real concerns about not just the secrecy and integrity of their data in cloud environment, but also for spatial, temporal, and legal issues related to their data especially for sensitive or personal data. The questionnaire results show the importance for the data owners to address mainly three major issues: Their ability to continue the work, the secrecy and integrity of their data, and the spatial, legal, temporal constraints related to their data. Although a good volume of work was dedicated for auditing in the literature, only little work was dedicated to the fulfillment of the contractual obligations of the CSPs. The paper contributes to knowledge by proposing an extension to the auditing models to include the fulfillment of contractual obligations aspects beside the important aspects of secrecy and integrity of client’s data.
文摘Studying pup isolation calls of wild rodents provides background for developing new early-life animal models for biomedical research and drug testing.This study discovered a highly complex acoustic phenotype of pup isolation calls in 4–5-day-old Mongolian hamsters Allocricetulus curtatus.We analyzed the acoustic structure of 5,010 isolation calls emitted in the broad range of frequencies(sonic,below 20 kHz,and ultrasonic,from 20 to 128 kHz)by 23 pups during 2-min isolation test trials,1 trial per pup.In addition,we measured 5 body size parameters and the body weight of each pup.The calls could contain up to 3 independent fundamental frequencies in their spectra,the low(f0),the medium(g0),and the high(h0),or purely consisted of chaos in which the fundamental frequency could not be tracked.By presence/absence of the 3 fundamental frequencies or their combinations and chaos,we classifed calls into 6 distinctive categories(low-frequency[LF]-f0,LF-chaos,high-frequency[HF]-g0,HF-h0,HF-g0+h0,and HF-chaos)and estimated the relative abundance of calls in each category.Between categories,we compared acoustic parameters and estimated their relationship with pup body size index.We discuss the results of this study with data on the acoustics of pup isolation calls reported for other species of rodents.We conclude that such high complexity of Mongolian hamster pup isolation calls is unusual for rodents.Decreased acoustic complexity serves as a good indicator of autism spectrum disorders in knockout mouse models,which makes knockout hamster models prospective new wild animal model of neurodevelopmental disorders.
