This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investiga...This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investigation encompassed the impact of various organic compost amendments, including leaf compost, cow dung manure, kitchen waste compost, municipal organic waste compost, and vermicompost. The study employed Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to evaluate soil nutrient levels and concentrations of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, chromium, cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel, and lithium. The fertilization and bioremediation potential of these compost amendments are quantified using an indexing method. Results indicated a substantial increase in overall nutrient levels (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur) in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic composts. Fertility indices (FI) are notably higher in compost-amended soils (ranging from 2.667 to 3.938) compared to those amended with chemical fertilizers (ranging from 2.250 to 2.813) across all soil samples. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of PTEs were significantly lower in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic compost amendments compared to those treated with chemical fertilizers amendments. The assessment through the indexing method revealed a high clean index (CI) for leaf compost amendment (ranging from 3.407 to 3.58), whereas the chemical fertilizer amendment exhibits a relatively lower CI (ranging from 2.78 to 3.20). Consequently, leaf compost and other organic composts exhibit the potential to enhance sustainable productivity, promoting soil health and environmental safety by improving nutrient levels and remediating potentially toxic elements in the soil.展开更多
A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK...A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and biological fertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium, and Bacillus circulant) as recommended dose under new sandy soils conditions. Split plot designed with four treatments (Control, (50% Mineral fertilizer (M.) + 50% Biological fertilizer (Bio.)), 100% M. and 100% Bio.) of each species. Vegetative growth, leaf area, tree biomass, stored carbon, basal area, tree volume, and in the soil both of microbial account and mineral content were determined. The experimental results showed no significant differences between studied species among the most studied parameters except for Khaya senegalensis which gave the highest significant difference in root biomass and below-stored carbon than Swietenia mahagoni. Evidently, the highest significant growth parameters were 100% mineral fertilizer followed by (50% M. + 50% Bio.) as compared with control. No significant difference between 100% M. and (50% M. + 50% Bio.) of shoot dry biomass (15.19 and 12.02 kg, respectively) and above-stored carbon (0.28 and 0.22 Mt, respectively). Microbial account and mineral content in soil were improved after cultivation of tree species compared to before planting and control, especially with 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, a treatment containing 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer has led to the ideal Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni growth in sandy soil for cheaper and sustainable.展开更多
Realising the potential of Magnesium(Mg),several globally leading ventures have invested in the Mg industry,but their relatively poor corrosion resistance is a never ending saga till date.The corrosion and bio-corrosi...Realising the potential of Magnesium(Mg),several globally leading ventures have invested in the Mg industry,but their relatively poor corrosion resistance is a never ending saga till date.The corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg has gained research attention and still remains a hot topic in the application of automobile,aerospace and biomedical industries.The intrinsic high electrochemical nature of Mg limits their utilization in diverse application.This scenario has prompted the development of Mg composites with an aim to achieve superior corrosion and bio-corrosion resistance.The present review enlightens the influence of grain size(GS),secondary phase,texture,type of matrix and reinforcement on the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites.Firstly,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites manufactured by primary and secondary processing routes are elucidated.Secondly,the comprehensive corrosion and bio-corrosion mechanisms of these Mg composites are proposed.Thirdly,the individual role of GS,texture and corrosive medium on corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are clarified and revealed.The challenges encountered,unanswered issues in this field are explained in detail and accordingly the scope for future research is framed.The review is presented from basic concrete background to advanced corrosion mechanisms with an aim of creating interest among the readers like students,researchers and industry experts from various research backgrounds.Indeed,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are critically reviewed for the first time to:(i)contribute to the body of knowledge,(ii)foster research and development,(iii)make breakthrough,and(iv)create life changing innovations in the field of Mg composite corrosion.展开更多
The physical mechanism of heredity or inheritance of genes is a quantum mechanical and/or quantum computational process. A theory of bio-quantum genetics is established in this paper. Principle of Bio-quantum Genetics...The physical mechanism of heredity or inheritance of genes is a quantum mechanical and/or quantum computational process. A theory of bio-quantum genetics is established in this paper. Principle of Bio-quantum Genetics is suggested. I propose and define the soft-genes of genetics controlling the processes of heredity or inheritance of genes. This research deals with the quantum mechanisms of Mendel plant heredity and family inheritance as examples of bio-quantum genetics, deepening our understanding of heredity or inheritance. I believe that more contributions will be made to promote researches of bio-quantum genetics or quantum biology at large.展开更多
The present work dealt with the generation, purifying and liquefaction of biomethane to improve energy density using local materials for domestic applications. Cow dung was sourced at JKUAT dairy farm and experiments ...The present work dealt with the generation, purifying and liquefaction of biomethane to improve energy density using local materials for domestic applications. Cow dung was sourced at JKUAT dairy farm and experiments were conducted at JKUAT Bioenergy laboratory using biogas generated in laboratory scale 1 m<sup>3</sup> bioreactors. Experiments were done in triplicates and repeated under different conditions to get the optimal conditions. The results showed that enhanced cow dung substrate displayed an improved fermentation process with increased biogas yields. Purified biogas optimized methane content from 56% ± 0.18% for raw biogas to 95% ± 0.98% for biomethane which was ideal for liquefaction.展开更多
In this paper,we used Corn Stalk(CS)as a renewable and economical bio template to fabricate willemite scaffolds with the potential application in skull bone repair.CS was used as a sacrificial template to synthesize t...In this paper,we used Corn Stalk(CS)as a renewable and economical bio template to fabricate willemite scaffolds with the potential application in skull bone repair.CS was used as a sacrificial template to synthesize the scaffolds.Willemite scaffolds with the chemical formula of Zn2SiO4 and pore size in the range of 3 to 10µm could be successfully synthesized by soaking CS in the willemite solution for 24 h and sintering at 950°C for 5 h.The porosity of the samples was controlled by the soaking time(between 12 and 48 h)in the willemite solution from 5 to 35%,respectively.The properties of these scaffolds showed a good approximation with cranial bone tissue.In addition,cytotoxicity assays(MTT)were performed on Human Bone Marrow Stromal cells(HBMSc)and A172 human glioblastoma cell lines by direct and indirect culture methods to estimate their toxicity for bone and nerve cells,respectively.Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP)activity and DAPI/Phalloidin cell staining were also performed to investigate the efficiency of the scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.The results showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility with both HBMSC and A172 cells,noticeable improvement on ALP activity,and great apatite formation ability in Simulated Body Fluid(SBF).All the evidence ascertained that willemite scaffolds made by corn stalks could be a useful candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.展开更多
Inulin is a prebiotic dietary fiber that plays an integral role in producing functional dairy products with improved health benefits. Therefore, the objectives of this study are as follows: extract and purify inulin f...Inulin is a prebiotic dietary fiber that plays an integral role in producing functional dairy products with improved health benefits. Therefore, the objectives of this study are as follows: extract and purify inulin from chicory roots and globe artichoke roots;evaluate the physicochemical, functional properties and functional groups of the purified inulin;determine the functional properties of chicory roots inulin-maltodextrin and globe artichoke roots inulin-maltodextrin and compare it with that of the commercial inulin;examine the impact of various inulin on physiochemical, microstructural, textural, sensory characteristics and as prebiotic dietary fiber on probiotic bacteria’s viability of stirred bio-yogurt. The characteristics of the microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy to detect the functional group. The resulting inulin exhibited a high yield and purity along with enhanced functional properties. Stirred bio-yogurt fortified with chicory roots inulin or globe artichoke roots inulin showed enhanced physicochemical, microstructural, microbiological, and overall sensorial acceptability followed by chicory roots inulin-maltodextrin or globe artichoke roots inulin-maltodextrin and the commercial inulin as compared to the control. Stirred bio-yogurt samples can offer various health benefits and wide applications as supplement of prebiotic dietary fiber in dairy industry.展开更多
To date, numerous books have been published on so-called “pyramid power” but there have been few academic papers on this subject other than our own. Since 2007, to demonstrate the pyramid power, we have undertaken s...To date, numerous books have been published on so-called “pyramid power” but there have been few academic papers on this subject other than our own. Since 2007, to demonstrate the pyramid power, we have undertaken strictly scientific experiments using a pyramidal structure (PS) that we have carefully constructed. In previous reports, we used the edible cucumber, Cucumis sativus as an effective and practical biosensor. Through measurement and analysis of volatile components (gas concentrations) emitted from the biosensor, we were able to demonstrate the existence of the pyramid power and revealed some of its characteristics. In a paper published in 2022, we showed that gas concentration release from this biosensor displayed a circadian rhythm and that this rhythm changed with the season. Based on the result that the biosensor had a periodic diurnal oscillation called a circadian rhythm, we questioned whether or not pyramid power and Bio-Entanglement also had periodic diurnal oscillations. In this paper, we investigated that possibility. Our results have shown that pyramid power and Bio-Entanglement do not exhibit significant periodic diurnal oscillations. Thus we have revealed for the first time that the field associated with pyramid power is a type of static field that always exerts a constant influence. We expect that our research results will be widely accepted in the future and will become the foundation for a new research field in science, with a wide range of applications.展开更多
目的:探讨浓缩生长因子纤维蛋白膜联合Bio-Oss骨粉修复拔牙术后牙槽骨缺损的疗效。方法:选择2018年1月-2020年1月笔者医院收治的因拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙致第二磨牙远中骨缺损患者76例,予以随机数字表法分为对照组(Bio-Oss骨粉植入,38例...目的:探讨浓缩生长因子纤维蛋白膜联合Bio-Oss骨粉修复拔牙术后牙槽骨缺损的疗效。方法:选择2018年1月-2020年1月笔者医院收治的因拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙致第二磨牙远中骨缺损患者76例,予以随机数字表法分为对照组(Bio-Oss骨粉植入,38例)和观察组(CGF膜联合Bio-Oss骨粉植入,38例)。手术后3 d复诊观察患者术后疼痛、开口度情况,比较两组患者术后1周创面愈合情况以及术前、术后1个月和3个月牙槽骨密度、牙槽嵴高度及牙槽嵴宽度,记录术后不良反应。结果:对照组术后3 d VAS评分(3.35±0.47)分,观察组为(2.67±0.42)分,对照组开口度(2.75±0.46)cm,观察组(2.68±0.51)cm,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1周,观察组创面愈合情况好于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1个月、术后3个月,观察组牙槽骨密度、牙槽嵴高度、牙槽嵴宽度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组术后不良反应发生率23.68%,高于观察组的5.26%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:浓缩生长因子纤维蛋白膜联合Bio-Oss骨粉在第二磨牙远中骨缺损修复中发挥着重要作用,值得临床推广应用。展开更多
文摘This research study explored the efficacy of leaf litter compost as a sustainable soil amendment with the objective of promoting soil health and mitigating the accumulation of potentially toxic elements. The investigation encompassed the impact of various organic compost amendments, including leaf compost, cow dung manure, kitchen waste compost, municipal organic waste compost, and vermicompost. The study employed Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to evaluate soil nutrient levels and concentrations of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) such as arsenic, chromium, cadmium, mercury, lead, nickel, and lithium. The fertilization and bioremediation potential of these compost amendments are quantified using an indexing method. Results indicated a substantial increase in overall nutrient levels (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur) in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic composts. Fertility indices (FI) are notably higher in compost-amended soils (ranging from 2.667 to 3.938) compared to those amended with chemical fertilizers (ranging from 2.250 to 2.813) across all soil samples. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of PTEs were significantly lower in soils treated with leaf compost and other organic compost amendments compared to those treated with chemical fertilizers amendments. The assessment through the indexing method revealed a high clean index (CI) for leaf compost amendment (ranging from 3.407 to 3.58), whereas the chemical fertilizer amendment exhibits a relatively lower CI (ranging from 2.78 to 3.20). Consequently, leaf compost and other organic composts exhibit the potential to enhance sustainable productivity, promoting soil health and environmental safety by improving nutrient levels and remediating potentially toxic elements in the soil.
文摘A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and biological fertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium, and Bacillus circulant) as recommended dose under new sandy soils conditions. Split plot designed with four treatments (Control, (50% Mineral fertilizer (M.) + 50% Biological fertilizer (Bio.)), 100% M. and 100% Bio.) of each species. Vegetative growth, leaf area, tree biomass, stored carbon, basal area, tree volume, and in the soil both of microbial account and mineral content were determined. The experimental results showed no significant differences between studied species among the most studied parameters except for Khaya senegalensis which gave the highest significant difference in root biomass and below-stored carbon than Swietenia mahagoni. Evidently, the highest significant growth parameters were 100% mineral fertilizer followed by (50% M. + 50% Bio.) as compared with control. No significant difference between 100% M. and (50% M. + 50% Bio.) of shoot dry biomass (15.19 and 12.02 kg, respectively) and above-stored carbon (0.28 and 0.22 Mt, respectively). Microbial account and mineral content in soil were improved after cultivation of tree species compared to before planting and control, especially with 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, a treatment containing 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer has led to the ideal Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni growth in sandy soil for cheaper and sustainable.
文摘Realising the potential of Magnesium(Mg),several globally leading ventures have invested in the Mg industry,but their relatively poor corrosion resistance is a never ending saga till date.The corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg has gained research attention and still remains a hot topic in the application of automobile,aerospace and biomedical industries.The intrinsic high electrochemical nature of Mg limits their utilization in diverse application.This scenario has prompted the development of Mg composites with an aim to achieve superior corrosion and bio-corrosion resistance.The present review enlightens the influence of grain size(GS),secondary phase,texture,type of matrix and reinforcement on the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites.Firstly,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites manufactured by primary and secondary processing routes are elucidated.Secondly,the comprehensive corrosion and bio-corrosion mechanisms of these Mg composites are proposed.Thirdly,the individual role of GS,texture and corrosive medium on corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are clarified and revealed.The challenges encountered,unanswered issues in this field are explained in detail and accordingly the scope for future research is framed.The review is presented from basic concrete background to advanced corrosion mechanisms with an aim of creating interest among the readers like students,researchers and industry experts from various research backgrounds.Indeed,the corrosion and bio-corrosion behaviour of Mg composites are critically reviewed for the first time to:(i)contribute to the body of knowledge,(ii)foster research and development,(iii)make breakthrough,and(iv)create life changing innovations in the field of Mg composite corrosion.
文摘The physical mechanism of heredity or inheritance of genes is a quantum mechanical and/or quantum computational process. A theory of bio-quantum genetics is established in this paper. Principle of Bio-quantum Genetics is suggested. I propose and define the soft-genes of genetics controlling the processes of heredity or inheritance of genes. This research deals with the quantum mechanisms of Mendel plant heredity and family inheritance as examples of bio-quantum genetics, deepening our understanding of heredity or inheritance. I believe that more contributions will be made to promote researches of bio-quantum genetics or quantum biology at large.
文摘The present work dealt with the generation, purifying and liquefaction of biomethane to improve energy density using local materials for domestic applications. Cow dung was sourced at JKUAT dairy farm and experiments were conducted at JKUAT Bioenergy laboratory using biogas generated in laboratory scale 1 m<sup>3</sup> bioreactors. Experiments were done in triplicates and repeated under different conditions to get the optimal conditions. The results showed that enhanced cow dung substrate displayed an improved fermentation process with increased biogas yields. Purified biogas optimized methane content from 56% ± 0.18% for raw biogas to 95% ± 0.98% for biomethane which was ideal for liquefaction.
文摘In this paper,we used Corn Stalk(CS)as a renewable and economical bio template to fabricate willemite scaffolds with the potential application in skull bone repair.CS was used as a sacrificial template to synthesize the scaffolds.Willemite scaffolds with the chemical formula of Zn2SiO4 and pore size in the range of 3 to 10µm could be successfully synthesized by soaking CS in the willemite solution for 24 h and sintering at 950°C for 5 h.The porosity of the samples was controlled by the soaking time(between 12 and 48 h)in the willemite solution from 5 to 35%,respectively.The properties of these scaffolds showed a good approximation with cranial bone tissue.In addition,cytotoxicity assays(MTT)were performed on Human Bone Marrow Stromal cells(HBMSc)and A172 human glioblastoma cell lines by direct and indirect culture methods to estimate their toxicity for bone and nerve cells,respectively.Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP)activity and DAPI/Phalloidin cell staining were also performed to investigate the efficiency of the scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications.The results showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility with both HBMSC and A172 cells,noticeable improvement on ALP activity,and great apatite formation ability in Simulated Body Fluid(SBF).All the evidence ascertained that willemite scaffolds made by corn stalks could be a useful candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.
文摘Inulin is a prebiotic dietary fiber that plays an integral role in producing functional dairy products with improved health benefits. Therefore, the objectives of this study are as follows: extract and purify inulin from chicory roots and globe artichoke roots;evaluate the physicochemical, functional properties and functional groups of the purified inulin;determine the functional properties of chicory roots inulin-maltodextrin and globe artichoke roots inulin-maltodextrin and compare it with that of the commercial inulin;examine the impact of various inulin on physiochemical, microstructural, textural, sensory characteristics and as prebiotic dietary fiber on probiotic bacteria’s viability of stirred bio-yogurt. The characteristics of the microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy to detect the functional group. The resulting inulin exhibited a high yield and purity along with enhanced functional properties. Stirred bio-yogurt fortified with chicory roots inulin or globe artichoke roots inulin showed enhanced physicochemical, microstructural, microbiological, and overall sensorial acceptability followed by chicory roots inulin-maltodextrin or globe artichoke roots inulin-maltodextrin and the commercial inulin as compared to the control. Stirred bio-yogurt samples can offer various health benefits and wide applications as supplement of prebiotic dietary fiber in dairy industry.
文摘To date, numerous books have been published on so-called “pyramid power” but there have been few academic papers on this subject other than our own. Since 2007, to demonstrate the pyramid power, we have undertaken strictly scientific experiments using a pyramidal structure (PS) that we have carefully constructed. In previous reports, we used the edible cucumber, Cucumis sativus as an effective and practical biosensor. Through measurement and analysis of volatile components (gas concentrations) emitted from the biosensor, we were able to demonstrate the existence of the pyramid power and revealed some of its characteristics. In a paper published in 2022, we showed that gas concentration release from this biosensor displayed a circadian rhythm and that this rhythm changed with the season. Based on the result that the biosensor had a periodic diurnal oscillation called a circadian rhythm, we questioned whether or not pyramid power and Bio-Entanglement also had periodic diurnal oscillations. In this paper, we investigated that possibility. Our results have shown that pyramid power and Bio-Entanglement do not exhibit significant periodic diurnal oscillations. Thus we have revealed for the first time that the field associated with pyramid power is a type of static field that always exerts a constant influence. We expect that our research results will be widely accepted in the future and will become the foundation for a new research field in science, with a wide range of applications.
文摘目的:探讨浓缩生长因子纤维蛋白膜联合Bio-Oss骨粉修复拔牙术后牙槽骨缺损的疗效。方法:选择2018年1月-2020年1月笔者医院收治的因拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙致第二磨牙远中骨缺损患者76例,予以随机数字表法分为对照组(Bio-Oss骨粉植入,38例)和观察组(CGF膜联合Bio-Oss骨粉植入,38例)。手术后3 d复诊观察患者术后疼痛、开口度情况,比较两组患者术后1周创面愈合情况以及术前、术后1个月和3个月牙槽骨密度、牙槽嵴高度及牙槽嵴宽度,记录术后不良反应。结果:对照组术后3 d VAS评分(3.35±0.47)分,观察组为(2.67±0.42)分,对照组开口度(2.75±0.46)cm,观察组(2.68±0.51)cm,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1周,观察组创面愈合情况好于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1个月、术后3个月,观察组牙槽骨密度、牙槽嵴高度、牙槽嵴宽度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组术后不良反应发生率23.68%,高于观察组的5.26%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:浓缩生长因子纤维蛋白膜联合Bio-Oss骨粉在第二磨牙远中骨缺损修复中发挥着重要作用,值得临床推广应用。
