Objective:To determine the frequency and severity of the breakthrough infections and the associated factors in Malaysia.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult general population in Malaysia w...Objective:To determine the frequency and severity of the breakthrough infections and the associated factors in Malaysia.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult general population in Malaysia who completed at least one dose of vaccination.The validated online questionnaires were used for data collection between December 2022 to February 2023.The participants were recruited by a convenient sampling method.The data were analysed by descriptive statistics,and logistic regression by using SPSS(Version 27).Qualitative data from open-ended questions were analysed as thematic analysis by using RQDA software.Results:A total of 524 participants'data were analyzed and 77.5%of them completed three doses of COVID-19 vaccination.Breakthrough infections after vaccination were reported in 57.3%of the participants.Age group of 18 and 30 years(aOR 2.32,95%CI 1.01-5.32)and other ethnicities(aOR 2.00,95%CI 1.02-3.93)significantly associated with the occurrence of breakthrough infections.A total of 35.5%of the participants were not willing to take another booster dose in the future because of their attitudes towards fear of long-term side effects,lack of trust to the vaccine,less susceptibility to severe infection,belief in natural immunity,and myths.Conclusions:Future public health policies and interventions should be focused on disseminating the information about safety of booster doses of vaccine,management and re-assurance of side effects,and targeted vaccination to the working(younger age group)and ethnic minorities.展开更多
A new cotton transformation method was developed by Ge and colleagues at Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and this work was published in a recent issue of the Journal of Integra...A new cotton transformation method was developed by Ge and colleagues at Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and this work was published in a recent issue of the Journal of Integrative Plant Biology(Ge et al.2023;https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.13427).This method is a milestone progress in the development of cotton transformation technologies,as it can be used to transform different genotypes and species of cotton such as Gossypium hirsutum,Gossypium barbadense,and Gossypium arboreum.This method is fast,user friendly,and the transformation efficiency is equivalent to or superior to other cotton transformation methods.展开更多
Gas breakthrough pressure is a key parameter to evaluate the sealing capacity of caprock,and it also plays important roles in safety and capacity of CO_(2)geological storage.Based on the published experimental results...Gas breakthrough pressure is a key parameter to evaluate the sealing capacity of caprock,and it also plays important roles in safety and capacity of CO_(2)geological storage.Based on the published experimental results,we present numerical simulations on CO_(2)breakthrough pressure in unsaturated low-permeability rock under 9 multiple P-T conditions(which can keep CO_(2)in gaseous,liquid and supercritical states)and thus,a numerical method which can be used to accurately predict CO_(2)breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale is proposed.The simulation results show that CO_(2)breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time are exponential correlated with P-T conditions.Meanwhile,pressure has stronger effects on experimental results than that of temperature.Moreover,we performed sensitivity studies on the pore distribution indexλ(0.6,0.7,0.8,and 0.9)in van Genuchten-Muale model.Results show that with the increase ofλ,CO_(2)breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time both show decreasing trends.In other words,the larger the value ofλis,the better the permeability of the caprock is,and the worse the CO_(2)sealing capacity is.The numerical method established in this study can provide an important reference for the prediction of gas breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale and for related numerical studies.展开更多
Fractures play a pivotal role in carbonate thermal storage systems,serving as primary hydraulic conductivity channels that significantly influence thermal breakthrough times and heat extraction efficiency in geotherma...Fractures play a pivotal role in carbonate thermal storage systems,serving as primary hydraulic conductivity channels that significantly influence thermal breakthrough times and heat extraction efficiency in geothermal-to-well systems.Their impact is critical for well placement and system life prediction.This paper focuses on a geothermal-to-well system within the carbonate reservoir of the Wumishan formation in the Rongcheng geothermal field,Xiong'an new area.It employs a combination of field tests and numerical simulations to determine the permeability of the reservoir and the evolution of fractures between wells.It also examines the influence of fracture width and roughness coefficient on the seepage and temperature fields under various injection scenarios and predicts thermal breakthrough times for production wells.The results show:Higher permeability is observed near well D16 compared to well D22 within the studied geothermal-to-well systems.Wider fractures between wells result in faster temperature decline in production wells.Lower injection flow rates lead to slower temperature reduction in injection wells.The use of roughness coefficients minimizes temperature variations in production wells.This study not only offers guidance for the development and utilization of the geothermal well system,but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the groundwater seepage and heat transfer process influenced by fractures.展开更多
The combined well pattern has been widely used in reservoir development, with a common pattern being a horizontal well in the center for oil production and multiple vertical wells around for water injection. For this ...The combined well pattern has been widely used in reservoir development, with a common pattern being a horizontal well in the center for oil production and multiple vertical wells around for water injection. For this type of well pattern, determining the horizontal well is affected by which injection wells, especially when the injecting water breaks through, accurately determining the direction of water inflow will provide an important basis for targeted water well measures. Based on the production performance data of horizontal wells, the semi logarithmic relationship curves of water-oil ratio, derivative water-oil ratio, and cumulative production were used for the first time to determine the breakthrough problem of water injection in the surrounding water injection wells of horizontal wells based on their response characteristics. The adaptability of this method under different influencing factors was analyzed. Introducing the parameter of cumulative production not only preserves the variation trend of the derivative of water-oil ratio with time, but also facilitates the processing of actual production data.展开更多
When the sun rises,high-speed trains are already lined up for departure from Halim Station of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway(HSR)in Indonesia.After seven years of preparation,the first Chinese-built high-speed...When the sun rises,high-speed trains are already lined up for departure from Halim Station of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway(HSR)in Indonesia.After seven years of preparation,the first Chinese-built high-speed railway in Indonesia and the Southeast Asian region finally set off,ending ages of anticipation.展开更多
Cerebral arteriovenous malformations(AVMs) have abnormally enlarged arteries and veins prone to spontaneous hemorrhage.Immediately following surgical excision of a cerebral AVM,even normal brain tissue surrounding the...Cerebral arteriovenous malformations(AVMs) have abnormally enlarged arteries and veins prone to spontaneous hemorrhage.Immediately following surgical excision of a cerebral AVM,even normal brain tissue surrounding the lesion is subject to hemorrhage,a phenomenon termed normal perfusion pressure breakthrough(NPPB) syndrome.According to this theory,arteries supplying cerebral AVMs become dilated and lose their capacity to dilate or constrict to autoregulate pressure.Acutely after removal of a cerebral AVM,excessive blood pressure in these arterial feeders can cause normal brain tissue to bleed.However,this theory remains controversial.We present a patient with a cerebral AVM that demonstrated cerebrovascular reactivity and argues against an assumption underlying the theory of NPPB syndrome.展开更多
It is well known that the complicated channeling of fluid flow and heat transfer is strongly related with the intricate natural fracture system.However,it is still challenging to set up the fracture network model whic...It is well known that the complicated channeling of fluid flow and heat transfer is strongly related with the intricate natural fracture system.However,it is still challenging to set up the fracture network model which is strong heterogeneous.Compared with other methods(e.g.equivalent continuum model(ECM),discrete fracture model(DFM),and ECM-DFM),the fracture flow module in the COMSOL Multiphysics simulator is powerful in definition of fractures as the inner flow boundary existing in the porous media.Thus it is selected to simulate the fluid flow and heat transfer in the geothermal-developed fractured granite of Sanguliu area located at Liaodong Peninsula,Eastern China.The natural faults/fractures based on field investigation combined with the discrete fracture network(DFN)generated by the MATLAB are used to represent the two-dimensional geological model.Numerical results show that early thermal breakthrough occurs at the production well caused by quick flow of cold water along the highly connected fractures.Suitable hydraulic fracturing treatments with proper injection rates,locations,etc.can efficiently hinder the thermal breakthrough time in the natural fracture system.Large well spacing helps the long-term operation of geothermal production,but it is highly dependent on the geometrical morphology of the fracture network.The enhancement of reservoir properties at the near-well regions can also increase the geothermal production efficiency.The results in this study can provide references to achieve a sustainable geothermal exploitation in fractured granitic geothermal reservoirs or hot dry rocks at depth.展开更多
The regeneration of a spent packing is crucial with respect to the development of circular economy and abstemious society.Thus,the effects of regeneration temperature,resistant time,heating rate,and regeneration cycle...The regeneration of a spent packing is crucial with respect to the development of circular economy and abstemious society.Thus,the effects of regeneration temperature,resistant time,heating rate,and regeneration cycle on the breakthrough performance of methylene blue(MB)dye⁃exhausted ceramsite in a two⁃stage fixed⁃bed column were studied in this work.Results illustrate that the ceramsite exhibited excellent potential regeneration properties under the following optimal regeneration conditions:treatment temperature was 600°C,resistant time was 15 min,heating rate was 20℃/min,regeneration cycle was over 9 cycles,and the breakthrough time,saturation time,regeneration efficiency(RE),and regeneration loss rate(RLR)were 540 min,1020 min,64.61%,and 17.73%,respectively.The RE declined by 35.14%in over 1 cycle,while the RLR increased by 3.15 times in over 9 cycles.Besides,Thomas model was suitable to describe the two⁃stage fixed⁃bed column adsorption and thermal regeneration process with R2=0.978.In conclusion,a thorough understanding of the regeneration behavior of the two⁃stage fixed⁃bed column packed with ceramsite provides reference to obtain an effective and feasible regeneration approach,and it is beneficial for further application in water treatment.展开更多
The liver is the largest solid organ,and it is involved in multiple biological processes,including energy metabolism,protein synthesis,and detoxification1.Under physiological or pathological conditions,the liver can r...The liver is the largest solid organ,and it is involved in multiple biological processes,including energy metabolism,protein synthesis,and detoxification1.Under physiological or pathological conditions,the liver can regrow to normal size even after resection of 90%of the liver volume because of its strong regeneration ability2.Changes in diet,viral infection(HBV and/or HCV)。展开更多
Objective: To report a patient’s clinical course illustrative of the NPPB mechanism for hyperperfusion-induced injury. Methods: A 65-year-old female presented with a severe headache and was found to have a 6-cm right...Objective: To report a patient’s clinical course illustrative of the NPPB mechanism for hyperperfusion-induced injury. Methods: A 65-year-old female presented with a severe headache and was found to have a 6-cm right parietal AVM on imaging. The patient underwent staged, pre-operative embolization and the AVM was surgically resected without intra-operative complication. After the patient emerged from anesthesia she exhibited left hemiplegia and hemispatial neglect. Her systolic blood pressure (SBP) at that time was between 110-120 mmHg. SBP was reduced to 90-100 mmHg and the patient’s symptoms resolved shortly thereafter. The patient’s strict blood pressure goal was relaxed the next morning. However, with her SBP 110-120 mmHg in the ensuing hours, the patient’s left-sided neglect and hemiparesis returned. Her SBP was reduced again to 90-100 mmHg, leading to resolution of her symptoms. Results: This patient’s clinical course supports the NPPB theory of hyperperfusion-induced injury. Despite CT imaging demonstrating no residual AVM following resection, the patient developed neurological deficits in the immediate postoperative period. Aggressive systemic hypotension improved clinical symptoms repeatedly, whereas a brief period of normotension triggered a return of neurological deficits. As a result, there was a direct correlation between fluctuations of neurological status and SBP. This case suggests that the intrinsic autoregulatory capacity was altered in our patient, and that aggressive hypotension was necessary to compensate for diminished autonomic reactivity. Conclusions: This case provides further evidence that NPPB plays a role in hyperperfusion-induced injury following AVM excision and that blood pressure control is vital in managing hyperemic complications following complete resection of cerebral AVMs.展开更多
Lacustrine shale oil resources are abundant in many petroliferous basins in China.The shale oil formations are characterized by low API gravity,high viscosity,poor mobility,high clay content,low brittleness and etc.Ex...Lacustrine shale oil resources are abundant in many petroliferous basins in China.The shale oil formations are characterized by low API gravity,high viscosity,poor mobility,high clay content,low brittleness and etc.Exploration of lacustrine shale oil started relatively late in China,but its progress is very rapid and breakthroughs have been made successively.In this short communication,we introduced the most significant shale oil discovery which is made recently in the Qingshankou Formation of the Gulong sag in the Songliao Basin.Key exploratory wells including Guye 1H(GY1H),Yingye 1H(YY1H)and Guye 2HC(GY2HC)tested stable and high oil flow in shale reservoirs,revealing the relatively stable and high oil production capacity of shale in the Gulong sag of Daqing Oilfield.It marks a leap of petroleum theoretical recognition from lacustrine shale generating oil to producing oil and from the theory of traditional oil migration and accumulation to the theory of indigenous oil accumulation in organic-rich shale.Although lacustrine shale oil exploration and development still faces many challenges in China,its prospect is quite promising.展开更多
Based on exploration and development results and evaluation of marine shale gas in South China in the past ten years, in view of the features of "high maturity, strong tectonic reformation and high shear stress&q...Based on exploration and development results and evaluation of marine shale gas in South China in the past ten years, in view of the features of "high maturity, strong tectonic reformation and high shear stress" of the shale in Zhaotong exploration zone in the Yunnan and Guizhou Plateau, as well as the key issues of long time diffusion and leakage of shallow shale gas, and the preservation conditions, the factors controlling shallow shale gas sweet spot and key zone selection evaluation technology of shale gas are investigated. From 2017 to 2018, the first significant exploration breakthrough was made in the Taiyang anticline at a buried depth of 700 to 2 000 m, discovering large-scale proved geological reserves of shallow shale gas. By examining the accumulation conditions and sweet spot control factors of the shallow shale gas in this area, it is found that the accumulation and productivity potential of shale gas in the mountainous area with complex structure outside basin are controlled by five factors:(1) The gas-rich area has weak tectonic reformation and good preservation conditions on the whole, taking on typical anticline trap occurrence mode.(2) The gas-rich area is in over-pressure state and high in shale gas content.(3) The gas-rich area has high quality shale and thus superior source rock condition.(4) The gas-rich area has high quality reservoirs dominated by class I.(5) The shale gas reservoir in the gas-rich area has high content of brittle minerals and small difference between maximum and minimum horizontal stresses which are conducive to hydraulic fracturing. The innovative practice and core technologies formed during the exploration and production capacity construction of shallow shale gas in the Zhaotong demonstration zone have great reference significance for shallow shale gas exploration and development in other areas.展开更多
Pediatric cataract is a major cause of treatable blindness worldwide(1,2).The prevalence of cataract in children has been estimated between 1-15/10,000 children(3).There are 200,000 children blind from cataract worldw...Pediatric cataract is a major cause of treatable blindness worldwide(1,2).The prevalence of cataract in children has been estimated between 1-15/10,000 children(3).There are 200,000 children blind from cataract worldwide,and 20,000 to 40,000 children with developmental bilateral cataract are born each year(3).Pediatric cataracts are responsible for more than 1 million childhood blindness in Asia alone(3).Pediatric cataract blindness presents an enormous problem in terms of human morbidity,economic loss,and social burden.Despite the availability of meticulous surgery,cataract is still the leading cause of blindness worldwide in children(4).展开更多
Background:Despite the high efficacy of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),rare breakthrough infections have been reported,including infections among...Background:Despite the high efficacy of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),rare breakthrough infections have been reported,including infections among health care workers.Data are needed to characterize these infections and define correlates of breakthrough and infectivity.展开更多
Following the breakthrough in the technology for development and application of mesoporous zeolite developed by PetroChina’s Research Institute of Petrochemical Industry (RIPI), the said mesoporous zeolite has been s...Following the breakthrough in the technology for development and application of mesoporous zeolite developed by PetroChina’s Research Institute of Petrochemical Industry (RIPI), the said mesoporous zeolite has been successfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a RFCC unit at the Lanzhou Petrochemical Company.展开更多
Dear Editor,Femtosecond laser(FSL)assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)has been popularized because of its greater accuracy and predictability.But FSL also have some unique complications especially some gas bub...Dear Editor,Femtosecond laser(FSL)assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)has been popularized because of its greater accuracy and predictability.But FSL also have some unique complications especially some gas bubble related complications[1].Vertical gas breakthrough(VGB)is a rare and serious complication during flap creation.Some surgeons had reported that VGB was treated with microkeratome[2]or photorefractive keratectomy[3].To our knowledge,FSL-LASIK has not been reported as a remedy fort VGB(from PubMed).We present a VGB case who was successfully salvaged using FSL-LASIK.展开更多
Recently,the technology“Crude catalytic cracking to chemicals(CCTC)”developed independently by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP)has been successfully tested in commercial scale,which has symbo...Recently,the technology“Crude catalytic cracking to chemicals(CCTC)”developed independently by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP)has been successfully tested in commercial scale,which has symbolized a breakthrough progress in manufacturing chemicals directly from crude oils.展开更多
"Under the guidance of the opening-up concept,promoting a new round of openingup initiatives,growing a free trade zone network and developing the strategy implementation of China’s free trade zone is a great mis..."Under the guidance of the opening-up concept,promoting a new round of openingup initiatives,growing a free trade zone network and developing the strategy implementation of China’s free trade zone is a great mission and also a significant breakthrough for the current opening-up policy,"said Chen Wenling,Chief Economist of CCIEE(China Center for International Economic Exchange)recently.展开更多
A China-U.S. joint research team has made new breakthroughs in developing nonhuman primate models for autism research. This does much to pave the way for possible drug discovery and gene therapy of the disorder. The r...A China-U.S. joint research team has made new breakthroughs in developing nonhuman primate models for autism research. This does much to pave the way for possible drug discovery and gene therapy of the disorder. The research was conducted by scientists from the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sun Yat-Sen University, and South China Agricultural University.展开更多
文摘Objective:To determine the frequency and severity of the breakthrough infections and the associated factors in Malaysia.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult general population in Malaysia who completed at least one dose of vaccination.The validated online questionnaires were used for data collection between December 2022 to February 2023.The participants were recruited by a convenient sampling method.The data were analysed by descriptive statistics,and logistic regression by using SPSS(Version 27).Qualitative data from open-ended questions were analysed as thematic analysis by using RQDA software.Results:A total of 524 participants'data were analyzed and 77.5%of them completed three doses of COVID-19 vaccination.Breakthrough infections after vaccination were reported in 57.3%of the participants.Age group of 18 and 30 years(aOR 2.32,95%CI 1.01-5.32)and other ethnicities(aOR 2.00,95%CI 1.02-3.93)significantly associated with the occurrence of breakthrough infections.A total of 35.5%of the participants were not willing to take another booster dose in the future because of their attitudes towards fear of long-term side effects,lack of trust to the vaccine,less susceptibility to severe infection,belief in natural immunity,and myths.Conclusions:Future public health policies and interventions should be focused on disseminating the information about safety of booster doses of vaccine,management and re-assurance of side effects,and targeted vaccination to the working(younger age group)and ethnic minorities.
文摘A new cotton transformation method was developed by Ge and colleagues at Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and this work was published in a recent issue of the Journal of Integrative Plant Biology(Ge et al.2023;https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.13427).This method is a milestone progress in the development of cotton transformation technologies,as it can be used to transform different genotypes and species of cotton such as Gossypium hirsutum,Gossypium barbadense,and Gossypium arboreum.This method is fast,user friendly,and the transformation efficiency is equivalent to or superior to other cotton transformation methods.
基金supported by Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.SKLGME021010)funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41702251 and 42141010)the MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution。
文摘Gas breakthrough pressure is a key parameter to evaluate the sealing capacity of caprock,and it also plays important roles in safety and capacity of CO_(2)geological storage.Based on the published experimental results,we present numerical simulations on CO_(2)breakthrough pressure in unsaturated low-permeability rock under 9 multiple P-T conditions(which can keep CO_(2)in gaseous,liquid and supercritical states)and thus,a numerical method which can be used to accurately predict CO_(2)breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale is proposed.The simulation results show that CO_(2)breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time are exponential correlated with P-T conditions.Meanwhile,pressure has stronger effects on experimental results than that of temperature.Moreover,we performed sensitivity studies on the pore distribution indexλ(0.6,0.7,0.8,and 0.9)in van Genuchten-Muale model.Results show that with the increase ofλ,CO_(2)breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time both show decreasing trends.In other words,the larger the value ofλis,the better the permeability of the caprock is,and the worse the CO_(2)sealing capacity is.The numerical method established in this study can provide an important reference for the prediction of gas breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale and for related numerical studies.
基金supported by basic research project of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(No.YK202309).Special thanks are due to the reviewers and editors of this journal for their valuable suggestions and revisions of the manuscript.
文摘Fractures play a pivotal role in carbonate thermal storage systems,serving as primary hydraulic conductivity channels that significantly influence thermal breakthrough times and heat extraction efficiency in geothermal-to-well systems.Their impact is critical for well placement and system life prediction.This paper focuses on a geothermal-to-well system within the carbonate reservoir of the Wumishan formation in the Rongcheng geothermal field,Xiong'an new area.It employs a combination of field tests and numerical simulations to determine the permeability of the reservoir and the evolution of fractures between wells.It also examines the influence of fracture width and roughness coefficient on the seepage and temperature fields under various injection scenarios and predicts thermal breakthrough times for production wells.The results show:Higher permeability is observed near well D16 compared to well D22 within the studied geothermal-to-well systems.Wider fractures between wells result in faster temperature decline in production wells.Lower injection flow rates lead to slower temperature reduction in injection wells.The use of roughness coefficients minimizes temperature variations in production wells.This study not only offers guidance for the development and utilization of the geothermal well system,but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the groundwater seepage and heat transfer process influenced by fractures.
文摘The combined well pattern has been widely used in reservoir development, with a common pattern being a horizontal well in the center for oil production and multiple vertical wells around for water injection. For this type of well pattern, determining the horizontal well is affected by which injection wells, especially when the injecting water breaks through, accurately determining the direction of water inflow will provide an important basis for targeted water well measures. Based on the production performance data of horizontal wells, the semi logarithmic relationship curves of water-oil ratio, derivative water-oil ratio, and cumulative production were used for the first time to determine the breakthrough problem of water injection in the surrounding water injection wells of horizontal wells based on their response characteristics. The adaptability of this method under different influencing factors was analyzed. Introducing the parameter of cumulative production not only preserves the variation trend of the derivative of water-oil ratio with time, but also facilitates the processing of actual production data.
文摘When the sun rises,high-speed trains are already lined up for departure from Halim Station of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway(HSR)in Indonesia.After seven years of preparation,the first Chinese-built high-speed railway in Indonesia and the Southeast Asian region finally set off,ending ages of anticipation.
文摘Cerebral arteriovenous malformations(AVMs) have abnormally enlarged arteries and veins prone to spontaneous hemorrhage.Immediately following surgical excision of a cerebral AVM,even normal brain tissue surrounding the lesion is subject to hemorrhage,a phenomenon termed normal perfusion pressure breakthrough(NPPB) syndrome.According to this theory,arteries supplying cerebral AVMs become dilated and lose their capacity to dilate or constrict to autoregulate pressure.Acutely after removal of a cerebral AVM,excessive blood pressure in these arterial feeders can cause normal brain tissue to bleed.However,this theory remains controversial.We present a patient with a cerebral AVM that demonstrated cerebrovascular reactivity and argues against an assumption underlying the theory of NPPB syndrome.
基金financial support from the projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.51809259,51774056,and 51774095)the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents Program in China。
文摘It is well known that the complicated channeling of fluid flow and heat transfer is strongly related with the intricate natural fracture system.However,it is still challenging to set up the fracture network model which is strong heterogeneous.Compared with other methods(e.g.equivalent continuum model(ECM),discrete fracture model(DFM),and ECM-DFM),the fracture flow module in the COMSOL Multiphysics simulator is powerful in definition of fractures as the inner flow boundary existing in the porous media.Thus it is selected to simulate the fluid flow and heat transfer in the geothermal-developed fractured granite of Sanguliu area located at Liaodong Peninsula,Eastern China.The natural faults/fractures based on field investigation combined with the discrete fracture network(DFN)generated by the MATLAB are used to represent the two-dimensional geological model.Numerical results show that early thermal breakthrough occurs at the production well caused by quick flow of cold water along the highly connected fractures.Suitable hydraulic fracturing treatments with proper injection rates,locations,etc.can efficiently hinder the thermal breakthrough time in the natural fracture system.Large well spacing helps the long-term operation of geothermal production,but it is highly dependent on the geometrical morphology of the fracture network.The enhancement of reservoir properties at the near-well regions can also increase the geothermal production efficiency.The results in this study can provide references to achieve a sustainable geothermal exploitation in fractured granitic geothermal reservoirs or hot dry rocks at depth.
基金the Natural Science Foundation Training Project of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2018PEE026)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Zaozhuang City,Shandong Province,China(Grant No.2018GX12)+1 种基金the Project of Science Research Foundation of Zaozhuang University,China(Grant No.2017ZX16)the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Zaozhuang University,China(Grant No.2017BS01).
文摘The regeneration of a spent packing is crucial with respect to the development of circular economy and abstemious society.Thus,the effects of regeneration temperature,resistant time,heating rate,and regeneration cycle on the breakthrough performance of methylene blue(MB)dye⁃exhausted ceramsite in a two⁃stage fixed⁃bed column were studied in this work.Results illustrate that the ceramsite exhibited excellent potential regeneration properties under the following optimal regeneration conditions:treatment temperature was 600°C,resistant time was 15 min,heating rate was 20℃/min,regeneration cycle was over 9 cycles,and the breakthrough time,saturation time,regeneration efficiency(RE),and regeneration loss rate(RLR)were 540 min,1020 min,64.61%,and 17.73%,respectively.The RE declined by 35.14%in over 1 cycle,while the RLR increased by 3.15 times in over 9 cycles.Besides,Thomas model was suitable to describe the two⁃stage fixed⁃bed column adsorption and thermal regeneration process with R2=0.978.In conclusion,a thorough understanding of the regeneration behavior of the two⁃stage fixed⁃bed column packed with ceramsite provides reference to obtain an effective and feasible regeneration approach,and it is beneficial for further application in water treatment.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81970459)。
文摘The liver is the largest solid organ,and it is involved in multiple biological processes,including energy metabolism,protein synthesis,and detoxification1.Under physiological or pathological conditions,the liver can regrow to normal size even after resection of 90%of the liver volume because of its strong regeneration ability2.Changes in diet,viral infection(HBV and/or HCV)。
文摘Objective: To report a patient’s clinical course illustrative of the NPPB mechanism for hyperperfusion-induced injury. Methods: A 65-year-old female presented with a severe headache and was found to have a 6-cm right parietal AVM on imaging. The patient underwent staged, pre-operative embolization and the AVM was surgically resected without intra-operative complication. After the patient emerged from anesthesia she exhibited left hemiplegia and hemispatial neglect. Her systolic blood pressure (SBP) at that time was between 110-120 mmHg. SBP was reduced to 90-100 mmHg and the patient’s symptoms resolved shortly thereafter. The patient’s strict blood pressure goal was relaxed the next morning. However, with her SBP 110-120 mmHg in the ensuing hours, the patient’s left-sided neglect and hemiparesis returned. Her SBP was reduced again to 90-100 mmHg, leading to resolution of her symptoms. Results: This patient’s clinical course supports the NPPB theory of hyperperfusion-induced injury. Despite CT imaging demonstrating no residual AVM following resection, the patient developed neurological deficits in the immediate postoperative period. Aggressive systemic hypotension improved clinical symptoms repeatedly, whereas a brief period of normotension triggered a return of neurological deficits. As a result, there was a direct correlation between fluctuations of neurological status and SBP. This case suggests that the intrinsic autoregulatory capacity was altered in our patient, and that aggressive hypotension was necessary to compensate for diminished autonomic reactivity. Conclusions: This case provides further evidence that NPPB plays a role in hyperperfusion-induced injury following AVM excision and that blood pressure control is vital in managing hyperemic complications following complete resection of cerebral AVMs.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China(42090020,42090025,42172151)Z.Jin,X.Liang and Z.Bai Energy Geoscience 3(2022)120e125124 National Key Research and Development Program(2019YFA0708504)thank the anonymous reviewers for constructive comments that have greatly improved this paper.
文摘Lacustrine shale oil resources are abundant in many petroliferous basins in China.The shale oil formations are characterized by low API gravity,high viscosity,poor mobility,high clay content,low brittleness and etc.Exploration of lacustrine shale oil started relatively late in China,but its progress is very rapid and breakthroughs have been made successively.In this short communication,we introduced the most significant shale oil discovery which is made recently in the Qingshankou Formation of the Gulong sag in the Songliao Basin.Key exploratory wells including Guye 1H(GY1H),Yingye 1H(YY1H)and Guye 2HC(GY2HC)tested stable and high oil flow in shale reservoirs,revealing the relatively stable and high oil production capacity of shale in the Gulong sag of Daqing Oilfield.It marks a leap of petroleum theoretical recognition from lacustrine shale generating oil to producing oil and from the theory of traditional oil migration and accumulation to the theory of indigenous oil accumulation in organic-rich shale.Although lacustrine shale oil exploration and development still faces many challenges in China,its prospect is quite promising.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX05063).
文摘Based on exploration and development results and evaluation of marine shale gas in South China in the past ten years, in view of the features of "high maturity, strong tectonic reformation and high shear stress" of the shale in Zhaotong exploration zone in the Yunnan and Guizhou Plateau, as well as the key issues of long time diffusion and leakage of shallow shale gas, and the preservation conditions, the factors controlling shallow shale gas sweet spot and key zone selection evaluation technology of shale gas are investigated. From 2017 to 2018, the first significant exploration breakthrough was made in the Taiyang anticline at a buried depth of 700 to 2 000 m, discovering large-scale proved geological reserves of shallow shale gas. By examining the accumulation conditions and sweet spot control factors of the shallow shale gas in this area, it is found that the accumulation and productivity potential of shale gas in the mountainous area with complex structure outside basin are controlled by five factors:(1) The gas-rich area has weak tectonic reformation and good preservation conditions on the whole, taking on typical anticline trap occurrence mode.(2) The gas-rich area is in over-pressure state and high in shale gas content.(3) The gas-rich area has high quality shale and thus superior source rock condition.(4) The gas-rich area has high quality reservoirs dominated by class I.(5) The shale gas reservoir in the gas-rich area has high content of brittle minerals and small difference between maximum and minimum horizontal stresses which are conducive to hydraulic fracturing. The innovative practice and core technologies formed during the exploration and production capacity construction of shallow shale gas in the Zhaotong demonstration zone have great reference significance for shallow shale gas exploration and development in other areas.
文摘Pediatric cataract is a major cause of treatable blindness worldwide(1,2).The prevalence of cataract in children has been estimated between 1-15/10,000 children(3).There are 200,000 children blind from cataract worldwide,and 20,000 to 40,000 children with developmental bilateral cataract are born each year(3).Pediatric cataracts are responsible for more than 1 million childhood blindness in Asia alone(3).Pediatric cataract blindness presents an enormous problem in terms of human morbidity,economic loss,and social burden.Despite the availability of meticulous surgery,cataract is still the leading cause of blindness worldwide in children(4).
文摘Background:Despite the high efficacy of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),rare breakthrough infections have been reported,including infections among health care workers.Data are needed to characterize these infections and define correlates of breakthrough and infectivity.
文摘Following the breakthrough in the technology for development and application of mesoporous zeolite developed by PetroChina’s Research Institute of Petrochemical Industry (RIPI), the said mesoporous zeolite has been successfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a RFCC unit at the Lanzhou Petrochemical Company.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China(No.81700867)the Wannan Medical College Training Fund Project of Key Scientific Research Project(No.WK2017ZF05)。
文摘Dear Editor,Femtosecond laser(FSL)assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)has been popularized because of its greater accuracy and predictability.But FSL also have some unique complications especially some gas bubble related complications[1].Vertical gas breakthrough(VGB)is a rare and serious complication during flap creation.Some surgeons had reported that VGB was treated with microkeratome[2]or photorefractive keratectomy[3].To our knowledge,FSL-LASIK has not been reported as a remedy fort VGB(from PubMed).We present a VGB case who was successfully salvaged using FSL-LASIK.
文摘Recently,the technology“Crude catalytic cracking to chemicals(CCTC)”developed independently by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP)has been successfully tested in commercial scale,which has symbolized a breakthrough progress in manufacturing chemicals directly from crude oils.
文摘"Under the guidance of the opening-up concept,promoting a new round of openingup initiatives,growing a free trade zone network and developing the strategy implementation of China’s free trade zone is a great mission and also a significant breakthrough for the current opening-up policy,"said Chen Wenling,Chief Economist of CCIEE(China Center for International Economic Exchange)recently.
文摘A China-U.S. joint research team has made new breakthroughs in developing nonhuman primate models for autism research. This does much to pave the way for possible drug discovery and gene therapy of the disorder. The research was conducted by scientists from the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sun Yat-Sen University, and South China Agricultural University.
