Configuration errors are proved to be the main reasons for network interruption and anomalies.Many researchers have paid their attention to configuration analysis and provisioning,but few works focus on understanding ...Configuration errors are proved to be the main reasons for network interruption and anomalies.Many researchers have paid their attention to configuration analysis and provisioning,but few works focus on understanding the configuration evolution.In this paper,we uncover the configuration evolution of an operational IP backbone based on the weekly reports gathered from January 2006 to January 2013.We find that rate limiting and launching routes for new customers are configured most frequently.In addition,we conduct an analysis of network failures and find that link failures are the main causes for network failures.We suggest that we should configure redundant links for the links which are easy to break down.At last,according to the analysis results,we illustrate how to provide semi-automated configuration for rate limiting and adding customers.展开更多
Under the background of the rapid development of ground mobile communication,the advantages of high coverage,survivability,and flexibility of satellite communication provide air support to the construction of space in...Under the background of the rapid development of ground mobile communication,the advantages of high coverage,survivability,and flexibility of satellite communication provide air support to the construction of space information network.According to the requirements of the future space information communication,a software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture was proposed.It consisted of layered structure satellite backbone network,deep space communication network,the stratosphere communication network and the ground network.The Space-Air-Ground Integrated network was supported by the satellite backbone network.It provided data relay for the missions such as deep space exploration and controlled the deep-space spacecraft when needed.In addition,it safeguarded the anti-destructibility of stratospheric communication and assisted the stratosphere to supplement ground network communication.In this paper,algorithm requirements of the congestion control and routing of satellite backbone protocols for heterogeneous users’services were proposed.The algorithm requirements of distinguishing different service objects for the deep space communication and stratospheric communication network protocols were described.Considering the realistic demand for the dynamic coverage of the satellite backbone network and node cost,the multi-layer satellite backbone network architecture was constructed.On this basis,the proposed Software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture could be built as a large,scalable and efficient communication network that could be integrated into space,air,and ground.展开更多
1 Technical Features of ZTE’sDWDM SystemThe toll backbone wave division equipmentof ZXWM M900 backbone transmissionplatform is well designed forlarge-capacity optical transmission. It canfully satisfy the networking ...1 Technical Features of ZTE’sDWDM SystemThe toll backbone wave division equipmentof ZXWM M900 backbone transmissionplatform is well designed forlarge-capacity optical transmission. It canfully satisfy the networking and managementrequirements of diversified users and be fit forvarious toll backbone networks. The systemsupports up to 40 working wavelengths and up to400 Gb/s transmission capacity, and thewavelength selection and interval are in strictcompliance with ITU-T Recommendations. It展开更多
Optical transport networks are now the basic infrastructure of modern communications systems, including the SDH and WDM backbone network of local network operators, in the case of Cameroon. Given the colossal investme...Optical transport networks are now the basic infrastructure of modern communications systems, including the SDH and WDM backbone network of local network operators, in the case of Cameroon. Given the colossal investments required to deploy these networks, particularly related to the cost of equipment (optical fibers, transponders and multiplexers), the optimization of bandwidth and dynamic allocation of resources is essential to control operating costs and ensure continuity of service. Automatic switching technology for optical networks brings intelligence to the control plane to fully facilitate bandwidth utilization, traffic redirection, and automatic configuration of end-to-end services. This paper considers a local network operator’s WDM network without the implementation of the automatic switching technology, develops a network modeling software platform called Graphic Networks and using graph theory integrates a particularity of the automatic switching technology, which is the automatic rerouting of traffic in case of incident in the network. The incidents considered here are those links or route failures and node failures.展开更多
Quantum multi-hop teleportation is important in the field of quantum communication. In this study, we propose a quantum multi-hop communication model and a quantum routing protocol with multi- hop teleportation for wi...Quantum multi-hop teleportation is important in the field of quantum communication. In this study, we propose a quantum multi-hop communication model and a quantum routing protocol with multi- hop teleportation for wireless mesh backbone networks. Based on an analysis of quantum multi-hop protocols, a partially entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） state is selected as the quantum channel for the proposed protocol. Both quantum and classical wireless channels exist between two neighboring nodes along the route. With the proposed routing protocol, quantum information can be transmitted hop by hop from the source node to the destination node. Based on multi-hop telepor- tation based on the partially entangled GHZ state, a quantum route established with the minimum number of hops. The difference between our routing protocol and the classical one is that in the for- mer, the processes used to find a quantum route and establish quantum channel entanglement occur simultaneously. The Bell state measurement results of each hop are piggybacked to quantum route finding information. This method reduces the total number of packets and the magnitude of air inter- face delay. The deduction of the establishment of a quantum channel between source and destination is also presented here. The final success probability of quantum multi-hop teleportation in wireless mesh backbone networks was simulated and analyzed. Our research shows that quantum multi-hop teleportation in wireless mesh backbone networks through a partially entangled GHZ state is feasible.展开更多
Revealing how a biological network is organized to realize its function is one of the main topics in systems biology. Tile functional backbone network, defined as the primary structure of the biological network, is of...Revealing how a biological network is organized to realize its function is one of the main topics in systems biology. Tile functional backbone network, defined as the primary structure of the biological network, is of great importance in maintaining the main function of the biological network. We propose a new algorithm, the tinker algorithm, to determine this core structure and apply it in the cell-cycle system. With this algorithm, the backbone network of the cell-cycle network can be determined accurately and efficiently in various models such as the Boolean model, stochastic model, and ordinary differential equation model. Results show that our algorithm is more efficient than that used in the previous research. We hope this method can be put into practical use in relevant future studies.展开更多
Active networks is primarily a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)-funded project focusing on the research of mechanisms, applications, and operating systems to develop a reconfigurable network infrastruc...Active networks is primarily a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)-funded project focusing on the research of mechanisms, applications, and operating systems to develop a reconfigurable network infrastructure. This letter proposes an Secure Active Tracing System (SATS) to implementing security for active networking in Internet. Unlike currently existing schemes, SATS reduces the computational overloads by executing the filtering operation on selected packet streams only when needed.展开更多
With the rapid development of related computer vision algorithms,the large-scale use of video surveillance systems has not only improved traffic safety,but also promoted the development of intelligent high-speed.Howev...With the rapid development of related computer vision algorithms,the large-scale use of video surveillance systems has not only improved traffic safety,but also promoted the development of intelligent high-speed.However,due to the complexity of the application scene,especially in the face of complex scene occlusion factors,the noise generated by the occlusion inevitably leads to the loss of the feature information of the identified person or object,which poses a great challenge to the existing pedestrian re-recognition algorithms.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel pedestrian re-recognition based on hybrid network.Feature extraction is carried out on four cooperative branches:local branch,global branch,global contrast pool branch and associated branch,and powerful diversity pedestrian feature expression ability is obtained.The network in this paper can be applied to different backbone networks.Through experimental comparison,the proposed algorithm has certain advantages compared with the latest methods,and the ablation experimental analysis further proves the effectiveness of the proposed network structure.展开更多
The rapid development of network raise the role of WAN. As a large-scale backbone network, the failure of network components can lead to huge loss of data and revenue. How to improve the data switching speed and Quali...The rapid development of network raise the role of WAN. As a large-scale backbone network, the failure of network components can lead to huge loss of data and revenue. How to improve the data switching speed and Quality of Service of network data is more and more important problem which Internet Server Provides cared. Multi-Protocol Lable Switching （MPLS） is a new WAN technology which is currently being standardized by IETF. This paper analysise the architecture of MPLS and describe the mechanism of label switching protocol. In addition, this study analyses the encapsulation of data packet at the Label Switching Routers which is on the boundary of MPLS network. A Label Switching Path （LSP） is built by Label Distribute Protocol in core network. A conclution of ＂one time routed, more times switching＂ routed was reached.展开更多
Valiant load-balancing （VLB） routing scheme has drawbacks of logical full mesh, intermediate nodes （networks） and single application of topology. To address these, the authors propose a novel routing scheme called...Valiant load-balancing （VLB） routing scheme has drawbacks of logical full mesh, intermediate nodes （networks） and single application of topology. To address these, the authors propose a novel routing scheme called regionalized VLB （R-VLB）. Based on ideas of VLB and regionalizing, R-VLB divides the nodes of backbone network into several regions whose topological structure is logical full mesh, and combines shortest-path routing scheme and VLB routing scheme. R-VLB also achieves logical local interconnection, non-central nodes （networks） and a wide range of application of topology. The relevant theoretical analysis and simulation results show that R-VLB achieve good throughput and failure performance close to that of VLB, and it even has better delay performance. R-VLB provides an idea for the application of VLB routing scheme.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61602105 and 61572123China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant Nos.2016M601323+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities Project under Grant No.N150403007CERNET Innovation Project under Grant No.NGII20160126
文摘Configuration errors are proved to be the main reasons for network interruption and anomalies.Many researchers have paid their attention to configuration analysis and provisioning,but few works focus on understanding the configuration evolution.In this paper,we uncover the configuration evolution of an operational IP backbone based on the weekly reports gathered from January 2006 to January 2013.We find that rate limiting and launching routes for new customers are configured most frequently.In addition,we conduct an analysis of network failures and find that link failures are the main causes for network failures.We suggest that we should configure redundant links for the links which are easy to break down.At last,according to the analysis results,we illustrate how to provide semi-automated configuration for rate limiting and adding customers.
基金This work is supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(328201911)C.G.(Chao Guo),the Open Project Program of National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability,C.G.(Chao Guo)+2 种基金Beijing Technology and Business University(BTBU)No.AQT-2018Y-B4,C.G.(Chao Guo)Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education Industry-university Cooperative Education Project,C.G.(Chao Guo)Education and Teaching Reform Project of Beijing Electronic and Technology Institute,C.G.(Chao Guo).
文摘Under the background of the rapid development of ground mobile communication,the advantages of high coverage,survivability,and flexibility of satellite communication provide air support to the construction of space information network.According to the requirements of the future space information communication,a software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture was proposed.It consisted of layered structure satellite backbone network,deep space communication network,the stratosphere communication network and the ground network.The Space-Air-Ground Integrated network was supported by the satellite backbone network.It provided data relay for the missions such as deep space exploration and controlled the deep-space spacecraft when needed.In addition,it safeguarded the anti-destructibility of stratospheric communication and assisted the stratosphere to supplement ground network communication.In this paper,algorithm requirements of the congestion control and routing of satellite backbone protocols for heterogeneous users’services were proposed.The algorithm requirements of distinguishing different service objects for the deep space communication and stratospheric communication network protocols were described.Considering the realistic demand for the dynamic coverage of the satellite backbone network and node cost,the multi-layer satellite backbone network architecture was constructed.On this basis,the proposed Software-defined Space-Air-Ground Integrated network architecture could be built as a large,scalable and efficient communication network that could be integrated into space,air,and ground.
文摘1 Technical Features of ZTE’sDWDM SystemThe toll backbone wave division equipmentof ZXWM M900 backbone transmissionplatform is well designed forlarge-capacity optical transmission. It canfully satisfy the networking and managementrequirements of diversified users and be fit forvarious toll backbone networks. The systemsupports up to 40 working wavelengths and up to400 Gb/s transmission capacity, and thewavelength selection and interval are in strictcompliance with ITU-T Recommendations. It
文摘Optical transport networks are now the basic infrastructure of modern communications systems, including the SDH and WDM backbone network of local network operators, in the case of Cameroon. Given the colossal investments required to deploy these networks, particularly related to the cost of equipment (optical fibers, transponders and multiplexers), the optimization of bandwidth and dynamic allocation of resources is essential to control operating costs and ensure continuity of service. Automatic switching technology for optical networks brings intelligence to the control plane to fully facilitate bandwidth utilization, traffic redirection, and automatic configuration of end-to-end services. This paper considers a local network operator’s WDM network without the implementation of the automatic switching technology, develops a network modeling software platform called Graphic Networks and using graph theory integrates a particularity of the automatic switching technology, which is the automatic rerouting of traffic in case of incident in the network. The incidents considered here are those links or route failures and node failures.
基金This project was supported by the Na- tional Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 6157110 and No. 61601120）, the Prospective Future Network Project of the Jiangsu Province, China （Grant No. BY2013095-1-18）, and the In- dependent Project of State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves （Grant No. Z201504）.
文摘Quantum multi-hop teleportation is important in the field of quantum communication. In this study, we propose a quantum multi-hop communication model and a quantum routing protocol with multi- hop teleportation for wireless mesh backbone networks. Based on an analysis of quantum multi-hop protocols, a partially entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger （GHZ） state is selected as the quantum channel for the proposed protocol. Both quantum and classical wireless channels exist between two neighboring nodes along the route. With the proposed routing protocol, quantum information can be transmitted hop by hop from the source node to the destination node. Based on multi-hop telepor- tation based on the partially entangled GHZ state, a quantum route established with the minimum number of hops. The difference between our routing protocol and the classical one is that in the for- mer, the processes used to find a quantum route and establish quantum channel entanglement occur simultaneously. The Bell state measurement results of each hop are piggybacked to quantum route finding information. This method reduces the total number of packets and the magnitude of air inter- face delay. The deduction of the establishment of a quantum channel between source and destination is also presented here. The final success probability of quantum multi-hop teleportation in wireless mesh backbone networks was simulated and analyzed. Our research shows that quantum multi-hop teleportation in wireless mesh backbone networks through a partially entangled GHZ state is feasible.
基金This study was supported partially by the National Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 11475253, 11405263, and 11675112） and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （Grant No. LY16A050001）.
文摘Revealing how a biological network is organized to realize its function is one of the main topics in systems biology. Tile functional backbone network, defined as the primary structure of the biological network, is of great importance in maintaining the main function of the biological network. We propose a new algorithm, the tinker algorithm, to determine this core structure and apply it in the cell-cycle system. With this algorithm, the backbone network of the cell-cycle network can be determined accurately and efficiently in various models such as the Boolean model, stochastic model, and ordinary differential equation model. Results show that our algorithm is more efficient than that used in the previous research. We hope this method can be put into practical use in relevant future studies.
文摘Active networks is primarily a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)-funded project focusing on the research of mechanisms, applications, and operating systems to develop a reconfigurable network infrastructure. This letter proposes an Secure Active Tracing System (SATS) to implementing security for active networking in Internet. Unlike currently existing schemes, SATS reduces the computational overloads by executing the filtering operation on selected packet streams only when needed.
文摘With the rapid development of related computer vision algorithms,the large-scale use of video surveillance systems has not only improved traffic safety,but also promoted the development of intelligent high-speed.However,due to the complexity of the application scene,especially in the face of complex scene occlusion factors,the noise generated by the occlusion inevitably leads to the loss of the feature information of the identified person or object,which poses a great challenge to the existing pedestrian re-recognition algorithms.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel pedestrian re-recognition based on hybrid network.Feature extraction is carried out on four cooperative branches:local branch,global branch,global contrast pool branch and associated branch,and powerful diversity pedestrian feature expression ability is obtained.The network in this paper can be applied to different backbone networks.Through experimental comparison,the proposed algorithm has certain advantages compared with the latest methods,and the ablation experimental analysis further proves the effectiveness of the proposed network structure.
文摘The rapid development of network raise the role of WAN. As a large-scale backbone network, the failure of network components can lead to huge loss of data and revenue. How to improve the data switching speed and Quality of Service of network data is more and more important problem which Internet Server Provides cared. Multi-Protocol Lable Switching （MPLS） is a new WAN technology which is currently being standardized by IETF. This paper analysise the architecture of MPLS and describe the mechanism of label switching protocol. In addition, this study analyses the encapsulation of data packet at the Label Switching Routers which is on the boundary of MPLS network. A Label Switching Path （LSP） is built by Label Distribute Protocol in core network. A conclution of ＂one time routed, more times switching＂ routed was reached.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB310701)the Research Fund for University Doctor Subject (20070013013)the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (2009RC0125)
文摘Valiant load-balancing （VLB） routing scheme has drawbacks of logical full mesh, intermediate nodes （networks） and single application of topology. To address these, the authors propose a novel routing scheme called regionalized VLB （R-VLB）. Based on ideas of VLB and regionalizing, R-VLB divides the nodes of backbone network into several regions whose topological structure is logical full mesh, and combines shortest-path routing scheme and VLB routing scheme. R-VLB also achieves logical local interconnection, non-central nodes （networks） and a wide range of application of topology. The relevant theoretical analysis and simulation results show that R-VLB achieve good throughput and failure performance close to that of VLB, and it even has better delay performance. R-VLB provides an idea for the application of VLB routing scheme.
