Since backlash nonlinearity is inevitably existing in actuators for bidirectional stabilization system of allelectric tank,it behaves more drastically in high maneuvering environments.In this work,the accurate trackin...Since backlash nonlinearity is inevitably existing in actuators for bidirectional stabilization system of allelectric tank,it behaves more drastically in high maneuvering environments.In this work,the accurate tracking control for bidirectional stabilization system of moving all-electric tank with actuator backlash and unmodeled disturbance is solved.By utilizing the smooth adaptive backlash inverse model,a nonlinear robust adaptive feedback control scheme is presented.The unknown parameters and unmodelled disturbance are addressed separately through the derived parametric adaptive function and the continuous nonlinear robust term.Because the unknown backlash parameters are updated via adaptive function and the backlash effect can be suppressed successfully by inverse operation,which ensures the system stability.Meanwhile,the system disturbance in the high maneuverable environment can be estimated with the constructed adaptive law online improving the engineering practicality.Finally,Lyapunov-based analysis proves that the developed controller can ensure the tracking error asymptotically converges to zero even with unmodeled disturbance and unknown actuator backlash.Contrast co-simulations and experiments illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach.展开更多
Backlash nonlinearity inevitably exists in the actuator of tank horizontal stabilizer and has adverse effect on the system control performance,however,how to effectively eliminate its effect remains a pending issue.To...Backlash nonlinearity inevitably exists in the actuator of tank horizontal stabilizer and has adverse effect on the system control performance,however,how to effectively eliminate its effect remains a pending issue.To solve this problem,a robust adaptive precision motion controller is presented in this paper to address uncertainties and unknown actuator backlash of tank horizontal actuator.The controller handles the modeling uncertainties including parameter uncertainties and unmodeled disturbances by integrating adaptive feedforward compensation and continuous nonlinear robust law.Based on the backstepping method,a smooth backlash inverse model is constructed by combining the adaptive idea.Meanwhile,the unknown backlash parameters of the system can be approximated through the parameter adaptation,and the impact of the actuator backlash nonlinearity is effectively compensated via the inverse operation,which can availably improve the tracking performance.Moreover,the adaptive law can update the disturbance ranges of tank horizontal stabilizer online in real time,which enhances the feasibility in practical engineering applications.Furthermore,the stability analysis based on Lyapunov function shows that with the existence of unmodeled disturbances and unknown actuator backlash,the designed controller guarantees excellent asymptotic output tracking performance.Extensive comparative results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
The position errors in the axis direction of a vertical machine center have been measured by means of the VM101 linear encored measurement system. The character of the backlash error is discussed;results show that the...The position errors in the axis direction of a vertical machine center have been measured by means of the VM101 linear encored measurement system. The character of the backlash error is discussed;results show that the backlash error has great influence on the position error. The position accuracy is enhanced after the backlash errors are compensated.展开更多
A nonlinear model of anti-backlash gear with time-varying friction and mesh stiffness was proposed for the further study on dynamic characteristics of anti-backlash gear. In order to improve the model precision, appli...A nonlinear model of anti-backlash gear with time-varying friction and mesh stiffness was proposed for the further study on dynamic characteristics of anti-backlash gear. In order to improve the model precision, applied force analysis was completed in detail, and single or double tooth meshing states of two gear pairs at any timing were determined according to the meshing characteristic of anti-backlash gear. The influences of friction and variations of damping ratio on dynamic transmission error were analyzed finally by numerical calculation and the results show that anti-backlash gear can increase the composite mesh stiffness comparing with the mesh stiffness of the normal gear pair. At the pitch points where the frictions change their signs, additional impulsive effects are observed. The width of impulsive in the same value of center frequency is wider than that without friction, and the amplitude is lower. When gear pairs mesh in and out, damping can reduce the vibration and impact.展开更多
The mechanical system with backlash is distinguished between a"backlash mode"and a"contact mode".The inherent switching between the two operating modes makes the system a prime example of hybrid sy...The mechanical system with backlash is distinguished between a"backlash mode"and a"contact mode".The inherent switching between the two operating modes makes the system a prime example of hybrid system.For eliminating the bad effect of backlash, a piecewise affine(PWA) model of the mechanical servo system with backlash is built.The optimal control of constrained PWA system is obtained by taking advantage of model predictive control(MPC) method, and the explicit solution of MPC in a look-up table form is figured out by combining the dynamic programming and multi-parametric quadratic programming, thereby establishing an explicit hybrid model predictive controller.Furthermore, a piecewise quadratic(PWQ) function for guaranteeing the stability of closed-loop control is found by formulating the search of PWQ function as a semi-definite programming problem.In the tracking experiments, it is demonstrated that the explicit hybrid model predictive controller has a good traction control effect on the mechanical system with backlash.The error meets the demands of real system.Further, compared to the direct on-line computation, the computation burden is reduced by the explicit solution, thereby being suitable for real-time control of system with short sampling time.展开更多
Grazing bifurcation of a relative rotation system with backlash non-smooth characteristic is studied along with the change of the external excitation in this paper. Considering the oil film, backlash, time-varying sti...Grazing bifurcation of a relative rotation system with backlash non-smooth characteristic is studied along with the change of the external excitation in this paper. Considering the oil film, backlash, time-varying stiffness and time-varying error, the dynamical equation of a relative rotation system with a backlash non-smooth characteristic is deduced by applying the elastic hydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) and the Grubin theories. In the process of relative rotation, the occurrence of backlash will lead to the change of dynamic behaviors of the system, and the system will transform from the meshing state to the impact state. Thus, the zero-time discontinuous mapping(ZDM) and the Poincare mapping are deduced to analyze the local dynamic characteristics of the system before as well as after the moment that the backlash appears(i.e.,the grazing state). Meanwhile, the grazing bifurcation mechanism is analyzed theoretically by applying the impact and Floquet theories. Numerical simulations are also given, which confirm the analytical results.展开更多
The problem of decentralized adaptive fuzzy control for a class of time-delayed interconnected non- linear systems with unknown backlash-like hystersis is discussed.On the basis of the principle of variable structure ...The problem of decentralized adaptive fuzzy control for a class of time-delayed interconnected non- linear systems with unknown backlash-like hystersis is discussed.On the basis of the principle of variable structure control (VSC) and by using the fuzzy systems with linear adjustable parameters that are used to approximate plant unknown functions,a novel decentralized adaptive fuzzy control strategy with a supervisory controller is developed. A general method,which is modeled the backlash-like hysteresis,is proposed and removes the assumption that the boundedness of disturbance,and the slope of the backlash-like hystersis are known constants.Furthermore,the interconnection term is supposed to be pth-order polynomial in time-delayed states.In addition,the plant dynamic uncertainty and modeling errors are adaptively compensated by adjusting the parameters and gains on-line for each subsystems.By theoretical analysis,it is shown that the closed-loop fuzzy control systems are globally stable,with tracking error converging to zero.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.展开更多
Due to low carrying capacity and short life of current ring reducer,we proposed a new planetary gearing with internal gear ring,which consisted of two stages.One was an involute planetary drive and the other was an N-...Due to low carrying capacity and short life of current ring reducer,we proposed a new planetary gearing with internal gear ring,which consisted of two stages.One was an involute planetary drive and the other was an N-type planetary drive with small teeth difference.The kinematic calculation was conducted based on the analysis of structural composition and working principle.Formulas of backlash calculation for the new planetary gearing were derived by using probabilistic theory and the analytical model was created at the same time.Then,main factors that affect the systematic backlash were introduced and the effects of manufacture error,misaligments and roller bearing parameters on the distribution of backlash were presented.The influence of gear backlash on systematic return difference was performed based on the backlash mathematic model proposed.The results show that the backlash is a little large,of which the backlash of bearing takes a greater part than two gearing stages.So we presented some practical methods to reduce the systematic backlash.展开更多
Backlash-like hysteresis is one of the nonsmooth and multi-valued nonlinearities usually existing in mechanical systems. The traditional identification method is quite difficult to be used to model the systems involve...Backlash-like hysteresis is one of the nonsmooth and multi-valued nonlinearities usually existing in mechanical systems. The traditional identification method is quite difficult to be used to model the systems involved with such complex nonlinearities. In this paper, a nonsmooth recursive identification algorithm for the systems with backlash-like hysteresis is proposed. In this method, the concept of Clarke subgradient is introduced to approximate the gradients at nonsmooth points and the so-called bundle method is used to obtain the optimization search direction in nonsmooth cases. Then, a recursive algorithm based on the idea of bundle method is developed for parameter estimation. After that, the convergence analysis of the algorithm is investigated. Finally, simulation results to validate the proposed method on a simulated mechanical transmission system are presented.展开更多
Are we born good or evil?A recent controversy in China again drew the public’s atten- tion to this age-old question. The sparks flew after a court ruling on a case in which a self-proclaimed Good Samaritan was blamed...Are we born good or evil?A recent controversy in China again drew the public’s atten- tion to this age-old question. The sparks flew after a court ruling on a case in which a self-proclaimed Good Samaritan was blamed for injuring an old woman he said he had helped and was ordered to share the subsequent medical expenses. According to Peng Yu,the 26-year-old defendant,at around 9 a.m.on November 20, 2006,while he was getting off a bus展开更多
It is especially significant for a manufacturing company to select a proper maintenance policy because maintenance impacts not only on economy,reliability and availability but also on personnel safety.This article rep...It is especially significant for a manufacturing company to select a proper maintenance policy because maintenance impacts not only on economy,reliability and availability but also on personnel safety.This article reports on research in the backlash error data interpretation and compensation for intelligent predictive maintenance in machine centers based on artificial neural networks(ANNs).The backlash error,measurement system and prediction methods are analyzed in detail.The result indicates that it is possible to predict and compensate for the backlash error in both forward and backward directions in machine centers.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275062)and(No.52075262).
文摘Since backlash nonlinearity is inevitably existing in actuators for bidirectional stabilization system of allelectric tank,it behaves more drastically in high maneuvering environments.In this work,the accurate tracking control for bidirectional stabilization system of moving all-electric tank with actuator backlash and unmodeled disturbance is solved.By utilizing the smooth adaptive backlash inverse model,a nonlinear robust adaptive feedback control scheme is presented.The unknown parameters and unmodelled disturbance are addressed separately through the derived parametric adaptive function and the continuous nonlinear robust term.Because the unknown backlash parameters are updated via adaptive function and the backlash effect can be suppressed successfully by inverse operation,which ensures the system stability.Meanwhile,the system disturbance in the high maneuverable environment can be estimated with the constructed adaptive law online improving the engineering practicality.Finally,Lyapunov-based analysis proves that the developed controller can ensure the tracking error asymptotically converges to zero even with unmodeled disturbance and unknown actuator backlash.Contrast co-simulations and experiments illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51905271,Grant No.52275062and Grant No.52075262。
文摘Backlash nonlinearity inevitably exists in the actuator of tank horizontal stabilizer and has adverse effect on the system control performance,however,how to effectively eliminate its effect remains a pending issue.To solve this problem,a robust adaptive precision motion controller is presented in this paper to address uncertainties and unknown actuator backlash of tank horizontal actuator.The controller handles the modeling uncertainties including parameter uncertainties and unmodeled disturbances by integrating adaptive feedforward compensation and continuous nonlinear robust law.Based on the backstepping method,a smooth backlash inverse model is constructed by combining the adaptive idea.Meanwhile,the unknown backlash parameters of the system can be approximated through the parameter adaptation,and the impact of the actuator backlash nonlinearity is effectively compensated via the inverse operation,which can availably improve the tracking performance.Moreover,the adaptive law can update the disturbance ranges of tank horizontal stabilizer online in real time,which enhances the feasibility in practical engineering applications.Furthermore,the stability analysis based on Lyapunov function shows that with the existence of unmodeled disturbances and unknown actuator backlash,the designed controller guarantees excellent asymptotic output tracking performance.Extensive comparative results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
文摘The position errors in the axis direction of a vertical machine center have been measured by means of the VM101 linear encored measurement system. The character of the backlash error is discussed;results show that the backlash error has great influence on the position error. The position accuracy is enhanced after the backlash errors are compensated.
基金Project(51175505)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A nonlinear model of anti-backlash gear with time-varying friction and mesh stiffness was proposed for the further study on dynamic characteristics of anti-backlash gear. In order to improve the model precision, applied force analysis was completed in detail, and single or double tooth meshing states of two gear pairs at any timing were determined according to the meshing characteristic of anti-backlash gear. The influences of friction and variations of damping ratio on dynamic transmission error were analyzed finally by numerical calculation and the results show that anti-backlash gear can increase the composite mesh stiffness comparing with the mesh stiffness of the normal gear pair. At the pitch points where the frictions change their signs, additional impulsive effects are observed. The width of impulsive in the same value of center frequency is wider than that without friction, and the amplitude is lower. When gear pairs mesh in and out, damping can reduce the vibration and impact.
基金supported by the Beijing Education Committee Cooperation Building Foundation Project (XK100070532)
文摘The mechanical system with backlash is distinguished between a"backlash mode"and a"contact mode".The inherent switching between the two operating modes makes the system a prime example of hybrid system.For eliminating the bad effect of backlash, a piecewise affine(PWA) model of the mechanical servo system with backlash is built.The optimal control of constrained PWA system is obtained by taking advantage of model predictive control(MPC) method, and the explicit solution of MPC in a look-up table form is figured out by combining the dynamic programming and multi-parametric quadratic programming, thereby establishing an explicit hybrid model predictive controller.Furthermore, a piecewise quadratic(PWQ) function for guaranteeing the stability of closed-loop control is found by formulating the search of PWQ function as a semi-definite programming problem.In the tracking experiments, it is demonstrated that the explicit hybrid model predictive controller has a good traction control effect on the mechanical system with backlash.The error meets the demands of real system.Further, compared to the direct on-line computation, the computation burden is reduced by the explicit solution, thereby being suitable for real-time control of system with short sampling time.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61104040)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(Grant No.E2012203090)the University Innovation Team of Hebei Province Leading Talent Cultivation Project,China(Grant No.LJRC013)
文摘Grazing bifurcation of a relative rotation system with backlash non-smooth characteristic is studied along with the change of the external excitation in this paper. Considering the oil film, backlash, time-varying stiffness and time-varying error, the dynamical equation of a relative rotation system with a backlash non-smooth characteristic is deduced by applying the elastic hydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) and the Grubin theories. In the process of relative rotation, the occurrence of backlash will lead to the change of dynamic behaviors of the system, and the system will transform from the meshing state to the impact state. Thus, the zero-time discontinuous mapping(ZDM) and the Poincare mapping are deduced to analyze the local dynamic characteristics of the system before as well as after the moment that the backlash appears(i.e.,the grazing state). Meanwhile, the grazing bifurcation mechanism is analyzed theoretically by applying the impact and Floquet theories. Numerical simulations are also given, which confirm the analytical results.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60874045,60774017).
文摘The problem of decentralized adaptive fuzzy control for a class of time-delayed interconnected non- linear systems with unknown backlash-like hystersis is discussed.On the basis of the principle of variable structure control (VSC) and by using the fuzzy systems with linear adjustable parameters that are used to approximate plant unknown functions,a novel decentralized adaptive fuzzy control strategy with a supervisory controller is developed. A general method,which is modeled the backlash-like hysteresis,is proposed and removes the assumption that the boundedness of disturbance,and the slope of the backlash-like hystersis are known constants.Furthermore,the interconnection term is supposed to be pth-order polynomial in time-delayed states.In addition,the plant dynamic uncertainty and modeling errors are adaptively compensated by adjusting the parameters and gains on-line for each subsystems.By theoretical analysis,it is shown that the closed-loop fuzzy control systems are globally stable,with tracking error converging to zero.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
基金Funded by Key Technology R&D Program of Chongqing(No. 2008AC3087)Science & Technology Project of Chongqing Education Committee(No. KJ091414)
文摘Due to low carrying capacity and short life of current ring reducer,we proposed a new planetary gearing with internal gear ring,which consisted of two stages.One was an involute planetary drive and the other was an N-type planetary drive with small teeth difference.The kinematic calculation was conducted based on the analysis of structural composition and working principle.Formulas of backlash calculation for the new planetary gearing were derived by using probabilistic theory and the analytical model was created at the same time.Then,main factors that affect the systematic backlash were introduced and the effects of manufacture error,misaligments and roller bearing parameters on the distribution of backlash were presented.The influence of gear backlash on systematic return difference was performed based on the backlash mathematic model proposed.The results show that the backlash is a little large,of which the backlash of bearing takes a greater part than two gearing stages.So we presented some practical methods to reduce the systematic backlash.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61203108, 60971004, 61171088)the projects of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai (Nos. 09220503000, 10JC1412200, 09ZR1423400)the projects of Shanghai Education Commission(Nos. 11YZ92, 13YZ056)
文摘Backlash-like hysteresis is one of the nonsmooth and multi-valued nonlinearities usually existing in mechanical systems. The traditional identification method is quite difficult to be used to model the systems involved with such complex nonlinearities. In this paper, a nonsmooth recursive identification algorithm for the systems with backlash-like hysteresis is proposed. In this method, the concept of Clarke subgradient is introduced to approximate the gradients at nonsmooth points and the so-called bundle method is used to obtain the optimization search direction in nonsmooth cases. Then, a recursive algorithm based on the idea of bundle method is developed for parameter estimation. After that, the convergence analysis of the algorithm is investigated. Finally, simulation results to validate the proposed method on a simulated mechanical transmission system are presented.
文摘Are we born good or evil?A recent controversy in China again drew the public’s atten- tion to this age-old question. The sparks flew after a court ruling on a case in which a self-proclaimed Good Samaritan was blamed for injuring an old woman he said he had helped and was ordered to share the subsequent medical expenses. According to Peng Yu,the 26-year-old defendant,at around 9 a.m.on November 20, 2006,while he was getting off a bus
文摘It is especially significant for a manufacturing company to select a proper maintenance policy because maintenance impacts not only on economy,reliability and availability but also on personnel safety.This article reports on research in the backlash error data interpretation and compensation for intelligent predictive maintenance in machine centers based on artificial neural networks(ANNs).The backlash error,measurement system and prediction methods are analyzed in detail.The result indicates that it is possible to predict and compensate for the backlash error in both forward and backward directions in machine centers.
基金The research was supported by the key project of National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 51235009） and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
