AIM:To evaluate the differences between human lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with high-grade transformation(LACC-HGT)primar y cells cultured by high-grade transformation tissue and non-high-grade transformati...AIM:To evaluate the differences between human lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with high-grade transformation(LACC-HGT)primar y cells cultured by high-grade transformation tissue and non-high-grade transformation(non-HGT)primary cells cultured by non-highgrade transformation tissue in proliferation,metastasis,drug susceptibility,and genes.METHODS:LACC-HGT primary cells were established by tissue block culture,and the 4^(th)to 10^(th)generation primary cells were selected as research objects.The cells were preliminarily identified by immunofluorescent staining.The differences between non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells in terms of proliferation,metastasis,and drug susceptibility were compared by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,wound healing,and drug sensitivity experiments.Differentially expressed genes were screened using mRNA array.Gene expression was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).RESULTS:LACC-HGT primary cells were successfully cultured by tissue block culture.Immunofluorescence staining results showed that cytokeratin(CK)and CK7 expression levels were positive in LACC-HGT primary cells.CCK-8 results showed that the proliferation ability of LACCHGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.Wound healing experiment showed that the migration ability of LACC-HGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.LACC-HGT cells were also less sensitive to cisplatin and paclitaxel than non-HGT cells.Compared with non-HGT cells,9566 differentially expressed genes were found in LACC-HGT primary cells,of which 5162 were upregulated and 4404 were down-regulated.The expression of N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase(NPL),MARVEL domain containing 3(MARVELD3),syntabulin(SYBU),and allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1)was higher in LACCHGT cells than in non-HGT cells,whereas that of periostin(POSTN)was lower.CONCLUSION:LACC-HGT primary cells have faster proliferation,stronger migration ability,and poorer sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs than non-HGT primary cells.The expression of mRNAs in non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells are significantly different.These features are speculated to be the reasons why high-grade transformation tissues exhibit higher malignant degree and poorer prognosis than their counterparts.展开更多
Obiective:To investigate the effects of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on the proliferation,invasion,apoptosis,and other cell biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.Methods:Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 ce...Obiective:To investigate the effects of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on the proliferation,invasion,apoptosis,and other cell biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.Methods:Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were cultured in vitro,and the IC50 concentration and effective time of administration of Xiaoxianxiong Tang were determined by the CCK-8 assay to detect the inhibitory effect of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on A549 cells proliferation.The effect of the Xiaoxianxiong Tang on apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry;the apoptosis-related protein was detected via Western blot;the metastasis-related protein mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results:Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly inhibited the proliferation viability,the invasive ability,and the clonogenic ability of A549 cells compared with the control group(P<0.001).Moreover,Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly promoted the apoptosis of A549 cells(P<0.001).Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl2 expression in A549 cells compared with the control group(P<0.01).The mRNA expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was significantly down-regulated by Xiaoxianxiong Tang compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Xiaoxianxiong Tang has the effect of regulating the biological behavior of A549 cells,and Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly inhibites the proliferation viability,colony formation,and invasion ability of lung cancer A549 cells.展开更多
<strong><em>Background. </em></strong>The active ingredient curcumin of traditional Chinese medicine was selected as the research object to investigate the possible mechanism of breast cancer m...<strong><em>Background. </em></strong>The active ingredient curcumin of traditional Chinese medicine was selected as the research object to investigate the possible mechanism of breast cancer metastatic bone pain in mouse walker 256 cells and the effect of curcumin on the NF-κB/TNF-α pathway in order to provide a new idea for clinical treatment of breast cancer metastatic bone pain. <strong><em>Methods.</em></strong> By establishing an animal model of breast cancer bone metastasis in walker 256 cells, the biological behavior of nude mice was observed on the 8th day after successful modeling. Meanwhile, the low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group of mice were given 15 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg of curcumin solution intraperitoneally in 21 days, and the right cavity bone and spinal cord distended in mice (L4-L6) tissues were used to detect related factors, Immunohistochemical method was used to detect c-fos in spinal cord. Expression levels of RANK, NF-κB and TNF-α were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Meanwhile, serum levels of Cox2, il-6, leukotriene and PGE2 were detected.<strong><em> Results. </em></strong>Observing the biological behavior index of nude mice, we found that the mechanical pain and thermal pain threshold decreased (p < 0.05), and the cold pain and spontaneous pain scores increased significantly (p < 0.05). After group study, the expression of c-fos in the cancer pain model group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (p < 0.05), and with the increase of curcumin dose, the expression of c-fos in the high dose group was significantly lower than that in the solvent model group (p < 0.05). The expression of RANK, NF-κB, TNF-α was higher than that of the normal control group and decreased gradually with the increase of curcumin dose, among which the expression of high dose group was significantly lower than that of solvent group (p < 0.05). RANK, NF-κB, TNF-α protein expression was higher than that of normal control group and gradually decreased with the increase of curcumin dose. The levels of Cox2, IL-6, leukotriene and PGE2 in serum decreased with the increase of curcumin dose, and the high dose group decreased significantly (p < 0.05). <em><strong>Conclusions. </strong></em>On the 8th day after the success of the animal model of breast cancer bone metastasis in Walker 256 cells, abnormal biological behaviors such as heat pain, cold pain sensation and spontaneous hyperalgesia were observed. Further studies have found that the increased expression of rank on osteoclasts induced up-regulated expression of NF-κB and c-fos, induced expression of TNF-α gene, and could induce synthesis and release of leukotriene, PGE2 through direct activation of cyclooxygenase, inflammatory media IL-6 cascade reaction, resulting in pathological pain and hypersensitivity. Traditional Chinese medicine active ingredient curcumin could reduce RANK expression of osteoclast, inhibit cell NF-κB and spinal cord c-fos activity, reduce TNF-α expression, inhibit Cox2 activity, and reduce the synthesis and release of inflammatory factors leukotriene and PGE2, thus exerting its analgesic effect, which provides new ideas and methods for clinical treatment of metastatic bone pain in breast cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The high level of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9) is thought to slow down the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. Whether it can influence the biological behaviors of skin fi broblasts and affect wound heali...BACKGROUND: The high level of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9) is thought to slow down the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. Whether it can influence the biological behaviors of skin fi broblasts and affect wound healing is still unclear. The present study aimed to observe changes in the biological behaviors of rat dermal fi broblasts induced by high expression of MMP9 and to clarify the possible mechanisms of wound healing for diabetic foot.METHODS: A cell model of skin f ibroblast with high expression of MMP9 was established by coculture of high glucose(22.0 mmol/L) and homocysteine(100 μmol/L). A control group was incubated with normal glucose(5.5 mmol/L). Realtime PCR, ELISA and gelatin zymography were used to detect the MMP9 mRNA, protein expression and activity of MMP9. Flow cytometry, CCK-8, ELISA assay, scratch test and transwell were used to detect cell proliferation, viability, collagen(hydroxyproline) secretion, horizontal migration and vertical migration of cells. The data were expressed as mean±SD. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically signif icant.RESULTS: The expression of MMP9 mRNA, protein levels and the activity of MMP9 were much higher in the high MMP9 group than in the control group(7.05±1.02 vs. 1.00±0.00, 206.9±33.6 pg/mL vs. 40.4±5.9 pg/mL, and 1.47±0.13 vs. 0.57±0.12, respectively, P<0.01). The proportion of S-phase cells, proliferation index, cell viability, collagen(hydroxyproline) secretion, horizontal migration rate and the number of vertical migration cells were lower in the high MMP9 group than in the control group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Fibroblasts with a high expression of MMP9 decreased proliferation, activity, secretion and migration of collagens, suggesting that MMP9 may inhibit the biological behaviors of fi broblasts.展开更多
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the relationship between IGF-1R activation and HCC progression remains unidentified.AIM To investigate...BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the relationship between IGF-1R activation and HCC progression remains unidentified.AIM To investigate the effects of editing IGF-1R on the biological features of HCC cells.METHODS Immunohistochemistry analyzed the expressions of IGF-1R and P-glyco protein(P-gp)in HCC tissues and their distal non-cancerous tissues(non-Ca).IGF-1R was edited with Crispr/Cas9 system,screened specific sg RNAs,and then transfected into Hep G2 cells.CCK-8,scratch wound test detected cell proliferation,migration,invasion and transwell assays,respectively.Alterations of IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed by Western blotting.Alterations of anti-cancer drug IC_(50)values were analyzed at the cell level.RESULTS The positive rates of IGF-1R(93.6%,χ~2=63.947)or P-gp(88.2%,χ~2=58.448)were significantly higher(P<0.001)in the HCC group than those(36.6%in IGF-1R or 26.9%in P-gp)in the non-Ca group.They were positively correlated between high IGF-1R and P-gp expression,and they were associated with hepatitis B virus infection and vascular invasion of HCC.Abnormal expressions of circulating IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed and associated with HCC progression.Biological feature alterations of HCC cells transfected with specific sg RNA showed IGF-1R expression down-regulation,cell proliferation inhibition,cell invasion or migration potential decreasing,and enhancing susceptibility of Hep G2 cells to anti-cancer drugs.CONCLUSION Edited oncogenic IGF-1R was useful to inhibit biological behaviors of Hep G2 cells.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of lentiviral stable high expression of circLIFR on the biological behavior of Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells.Methods:Hep3B cell lines were infected with lentiviral packag...Objective:To investigate the effect of lentiviral stable high expression of circLIFR on the biological behavior of Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells.Methods:Hep3B cell lines were infected with lentiviral packaging of circLIFR expression plasmids to construct stable circLIFR high expression HCC cells.The lentivirus infected with circLIFR high expression sequence was used as the circLIFR high expression group,the lentivirus infected with circLIFR high expression empty vector sequence was used as the negative control group,and the uninfected group was used as the blank control group.After that,circLIFR expression levels were detected by qPCR,and the back splice sites were identified by Sanger sequencing.The cell viability was examined by cell proliferation kit and invasive ability was determined by Transwell assay.Results:The qPCR and Sanger sequencing showed that the stable circLIFR expression of Hep3B cells was successfully established.The circLIFR high expression group had better cell proliferation viability than the negative control and blank control groups,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of cells crossing Matrigel gel in the negative control and blank control groups was(270.8±18.9)and(266.2±17.6),respectively,while the number of cells crossing Matrigel gel in the circLIFR high expression group was(396.6±32.9),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:High circLIFR expression considerably promotes the proliferation and invasive ability of Hep3B cells.展开更多
Objective To characterize and compare the different biological behaviors of two novel human osteosarcoma cell lines,Zos and Zos-M,established respectively from the primary site and the skip metastasis of an osteosarco...Objective To characterize and compare the different biological behaviors of two novel human osteosarcoma cell lines,Zos and Zos-M,established respectively from the primary site and the skip metastasis of an osteosarcoma patient.Methods Two展开更多
INTRODUCTION Conceivably the presence of basement membrane(BM)in a neoplasm might be a result of interactionof tumor cells with the extracellular matrix.Collagen Ⅳ is one of the major intrinsic componentsof BM.Recent...INTRODUCTION Conceivably the presence of basement membrane(BM)in a neoplasm might be a result of interactionof tumor cells with the extracellular matrix.Collagen Ⅳ is one of the major intrinsic componentsof BM.Recent study has shown that collagen Ⅳhas cell adhesion function and is involved in theprocess of tumor invasion and metastasis,includingcolorectal cancer and breast cancer.But there arefew systematic studies on gastric cancer and theresults are equivocal.In this study we evaluated展开更多
AIM:To determine the expression of toll-like receptor 9(TLR9) in pancreatic tumor and the effects of cytosine phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides 2216(CPG ODN2216) on biological behavior of pancreatic carcinoma ...AIM:To determine the expression of toll-like receptor 9(TLR9) in pancreatic tumor and the effects of cytosine phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides 2216(CPG ODN2216) on biological behavior of pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC-1 and explore their clinical significance.METHODS:The immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to determine the expression of TLR9 protein in pancreatic cancer tissues,and immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the TLR9 protein expression in pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC-1.To assess the effects of CPG ODN2216 on the invasive property of Panc-1 cells,in vitro cell adhesion,wound-healing scrape,and invasion and cell colony formation were evaluated.RESULTS:TLR9 was highly expressed in pancreaticcancer tissues and PANC-1 cells.The percentage of positive cells expressing TLR9 protein in human pancreatic tissues,paracancerous tissues and normal tissues were 73.3%,33.3% and 20.0%,respectively,and the protein expression level of TLR9 was gradually descending(P < 0.05).In vitro tests in wound-healing scrape,cell adhesion,colony formation and matrigel invasion showed that the adhesion and motility of PANC-1 cells in CPG ODN 2216 treatment group were signif icantly lower than in the control group(P < 0.05).The cell growth assay showed that the proliferative ability of PANC-1 cells in treatment group was significantly decreased and CPG ODN2216 had an inhibitive effect in the growth of Panc-1 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:The gene of TLR9 is correlated with the invasive and metastatic potential of human pancreatic carcinoma,and CPG ODN2216 induces the inhibition of migration and invasion of Panc-1 cells.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of luteolin on the Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of osteosarcoma cell line U2OS and its molecular mechanism by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear ...Objective:To investigate the effect of luteolin on the Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of osteosarcoma cell line U2OS and its molecular mechanism by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear factor-kappa B(PI3K/AKT/NF-κB)signaling pathway.Methods:U2OS cells were treated in different concentrations(10,20 and 40μmol/L)of luteolin.MTT was used to detect the effect of luteolin on the proliferation of osteosarcoma U2OS cells.Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the influence of luteolin on migration of U2OS cells.qPCR was used to detect the influence of luteolin on the mRNA expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and Caspase-2 in U2OS cells.Western blot was used to observe the change of p-PI3K,p-AKT,p-IKK and NF-κB proteins.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the influence of luteolin on the protein expression of E-cadherin and vimentim.Results:Luteolin inhibited significantly the proliferation of U2OS cells(P<0.05)in a time-concentration-dependent manner.Luteolin inhibited significantly the migration of U2OS cells(P<0.05).After treatment with luteolin,the mRNA expression of Bax and Caspase-2 was increased significantly(P<0.05),but Bcl-2 was reduced significantly(P<0.05)in U2OS cells.The protein expression of p-PI3K,p-AKT,p-IKK,NF-κB,E-cadherin and vimentin was decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusions:Luteolin inhibits the proliferation,migration and EMT transformation of osteosarcoma U2OS cells,which may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.展开更多
Aluminum is concerned as a possible cause of many diseases.To investigate the long-term A1 biokinetics and bioavailability in various kinds of Al-contained medicine and food,an accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS)based ...Aluminum is concerned as a possible cause of many diseases.To investigate the long-term A1 biokinetics and bioavailability in various kinds of Al-contained medicine and food,an accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS)based on the HI-13 tandem has been established for biological analysis with ^(26)A1(T_(1/2) = 716,000 years) as the tracer.In this paper,the animal tracing,sample preparation procedure and ^(26)A1-AMS measurement are presented.The sample preparation procedure has been simplified.A high sensitivity of 5×10^(-15) for ^(26)A1/^(27)A1 has been achieved.Two phases were found before and after a break time(t_b)for the ^(26)A1 retained in blood and brain,with t_b≈8 and12 h after the ^(26)Al tracer injection,respectively.展开更多
AIM To reveal the correlation between thefunctional differentiation phenotypes of gastriccarcinoma cells and the invasion and metastasisby a new way of cell-function classification.METHODS Surgically resected specimen...AIM To reveal the correlation between thefunctional differentiation phenotypes of gastriccarcinoma cells and the invasion and metastasisby a new way of cell-function classification.METHODS Surgically resected specimens of361 gastric carcinomas (GC) were investigatedwith enzyme-, mucin-, and tumor-related markerimmunohistochemist ry. According to thedirection of cell-function differentiation,stomach carcinomas were divided into fivefunctionally differentiated types.iation type (AFDT): there were 82 (22.7%)patients including 76 (92.7%) aged 45 years.Sixty-nine (84.1%) cases belonged to theintestinal type. Thirty-eight (46.3%) expressedCD44v6 and 9 (13.6%) of 66 male patientsdeveloped liver metastasis. The 5-year survivalrate of patients in this group (58.5%) was higherMucin secreting function differentiation type(MSFDT): 54 (15%) cases. Fifty-three (98.1%)tumors had penetrated the serosa, 12 (22.2%)expressed ER and 22 (40.7%) expressedCD44v6. The postoperative 5-year survival ratefunction differentiation type (AMPFDT): therewere 180 (49.9%) cases, including 31 (17.2%)aged yanger than 45 years. The tumor was morecommon in women (62, 34.4%,) and expressedmore frequently estrogen receptors (ER) ( 129,81.7%) than other types (P＜0.01). Ovarymetastasis was found in 12 (19.4%) out of 62female subjects. The patients with this type GChad the lowest 5-year survival rate (24.7%)differentiation type (SFDT): 13 (3.6%) cases.Nine (69.2%) tumors of this type derived fromAPUD system, the other 4 (30.7%) were ofdifferent histological differentiation. Sixty percent of the patients survived at least five years.(8.9%) cases. Nineteen (59.4%) cases hadlymph node metastases but no one with liver orovary metastasis. The 5-year survival rate was28.1%.CONCLUSION This new cell-functionclassification of GC is helpful in indicating thecharacteristics of invasion and metastasis of GCwith different cell-function differentiationphenotypes. Further study is needed to disclosethe correlation between the cell-functionaldifferentiation phenotypes and the relevantgenotypes and the biological behavior of gastriccarcinoma.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),the most well-studied cell type in the field of stem cell therapy,have multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potential.MsC-based thera-pies have been used to treat diverse disease...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),the most well-studied cell type in the field of stem cell therapy,have multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potential.MsC-based thera-pies have been used to treat diverse diseases because of their ability to potently repair tissue and locally restore function.An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that paracrine func-tion is central to the effects of MsC-based therapy.Growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,extracellular matrix components,and extracellular vehicles all contribute to the beneficial ef-fects of MSCs on tissue regeneration and repair.The paracrine substances secreted by MSCs change depending on the tissue microenvironment and biological behavior.In this review,we discuss the bioactive substances secreted by MsCs depending on the microenvironment and biological behavior and their regulatory mechanisms,which explain their potential to treat human diseases,to provide new ideas for further research and clinical cell-free therapy.展开更多
Chronic hepatitis B causes a liver disease characterized by inflammation of the liver parenchyma. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of biological parameters in patients treated with Tenofovir for ...Chronic hepatitis B causes a liver disease characterized by inflammation of the liver parenchyma. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of biological parameters in patients treated with Tenofovir for chronic B infection at the Commune V referral health center in Bamako. We obtained a prevalence of 14.15%. The most represented age group was 31 - 40 years, with 36.8%. The sex ratio was 1.44 in favour of men. Viral load was undetectable after 18 months of treatment in 25 patients (42.37%). Tenofovir, the 1st-line drug in Mali, is effective on the biological parameters monitored in patients.展开更多
The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EF) in recent years has been highly effective against the different orders of insects considered pests of agricultural importance and their conidia have been commonly applied, but it...The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EF) in recent years has been highly effective against the different orders of insects considered pests of agricultural importance and their conidia have been commonly applied, but it has been reported that these are sensitive to the environmental conditions. For this reason, biopesticides products have been formulated based on secondary metabolites, recently. These biomolecules participate as biological control agent, such as: cyclic depsipeptides, amino acids, polyketides, polyphenols and terpenoids, affecting their morphology, life cycle and insect behavior. The use of secondary metabolites of entomopathogenic fungi opens the possibility of application in a more efficient way for the control of agricultural pests in a compatible with the environment and human health;therefore, it is important to know, analyzing the type of molecules, their effects, and their different methods of application.展开更多
Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid. Due to the involvement of branchedchain amino acids in various metabolic pathways, there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and...Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid. Due to the involvement of branchedchain amino acids in various metabolic pathways, there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and its role in animal physiology. In pigs, the interactions between valine and other branched-chain amino acids or aromatic amino acids are complex. In this review, we delve into the interaction mechanism, metabolic pathways, and biological functions of valine. Appropriate valine supplementation not only enhances growth and reproductive performances, but also modulates gut microbiota and immune functions. Based on past observations and interpretations, we provide recommended feed levels of valine for weaned piglets, growing pigs, gilts, lactating sows, barrows and entire males. The summarized valine nutrient requirements for pigs at different stages offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications in animal husbandry.展开更多
White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrien...White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrients through rapid growth and produce a variety of harmful gases,such as benzene,aldehydes,phenols,etc.,to inhibit the growth of H.marmoreus mycelium.A series of changes occurred in H.marmoreus proteome after contamination when detected by the label-free tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)technique.Some proteins with up-regulated expression worked together to participate in some processes,such as the non-toxic transformation of harmful gases,glutathione metabolism,histone modification,nucleotide excision repair,clearing misfolded proteins,and synthesizing glutamine,which were mainly used in response to biological stress.The proteins with down-regulated expression are mainly related to the processes of ribosome function,protein processing,spliceosome,carbon metabolism,glycolysis,and gluconeogenesis.The reduction in the function of these proteins affected the production of the cell components,which might be an adjustment to adapt to growth retardation.This study further enhanced the understanding of the biological stress response and the growth restriction adaptation mechanisms in edible fungi.It also provided a theoretical basis for protein function exploration and edible mushroom food safety research.展开更多
Objective Postoperative delirium(POD)has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages.However,the underlying mechanism is yet unknown.Our study aimed to e...Objective Postoperative delirium(POD)has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages.However,the underlying mechanism is yet unknown.Our study aimed to explore the changes in metabolites in three specific brain regions and saliva of older mice with postoperative delirium behavior and to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers.Methods Eighteen-month-old male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to the anesthesia/surgery or control group.Behavioral tests were conducted 24 h before surgery and 6,9,and 24 h after surgery.Complement C3(C3)and S100 calcium-binding protein B protein(S100beta)levels were measured in the hippocampus,and a metabolomics analysis was performed on saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala samples.Results In total,43,33,38,and 14 differential metabolites were detected in the saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala,respectively.“Pyruvate”“alpha-linolenic acid”and“2-oleoyl-1-palmitoy-snglycero-3-phosphocholine”are enriched in one common pathway and may be potential non-invasive biomarkers for POD.Common changes were observed in the three brain regions,with the upregulation of 1-methylhistidine and downregulation of D-glutamine.Conclusion Dysfunctions in energy metabolism,oxidative stress,and neurotransmitter dysregulation are implicated in the development of POD.The identification of changes in the level of salivary metabolite biomarkers could aid in the development of noninvasive diagnostic methods for POD.展开更多
Understanding and modeling individuals’behaviors during epidemics is crucial for effective epidemic control.However,existing research ignores the impact of users’irrationality on decision-making in the epidemic.Mean...Understanding and modeling individuals’behaviors during epidemics is crucial for effective epidemic control.However,existing research ignores the impact of users’irrationality on decision-making in the epidemic.Meanwhile,existing disease control methods often assume users’full compliance with measures like mandatory isolation,which does not align with the actual situation.To address these issues,this paper proposes a prospect theorybased framework to model users’decision-making process in epidemics and analyzes how irrationality affects individuals’behaviors and epidemic dynamics.According to the analysis results,irrationality tends to prompt conservative behaviors when the infection risk is low but encourages risk-seeking behaviors when the risk is high.Then,this paper proposes a behavior inducement algorithm to guide individuals’behaviors and control the spread of disease.Simulations and real user tests validate our analysis,and simulation results show that the proposed behavior inducement algorithm can effectively guide individuals’behavior.展开更多
基金Supported by the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-037A)Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital。
文摘AIM:To evaluate the differences between human lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with high-grade transformation(LACC-HGT)primar y cells cultured by high-grade transformation tissue and non-high-grade transformation(non-HGT)primary cells cultured by non-highgrade transformation tissue in proliferation,metastasis,drug susceptibility,and genes.METHODS:LACC-HGT primary cells were established by tissue block culture,and the 4^(th)to 10^(th)generation primary cells were selected as research objects.The cells were preliminarily identified by immunofluorescent staining.The differences between non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells in terms of proliferation,metastasis,and drug susceptibility were compared by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,wound healing,and drug sensitivity experiments.Differentially expressed genes were screened using mRNA array.Gene expression was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).RESULTS:LACC-HGT primary cells were successfully cultured by tissue block culture.Immunofluorescence staining results showed that cytokeratin(CK)and CK7 expression levels were positive in LACC-HGT primary cells.CCK-8 results showed that the proliferation ability of LACCHGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.Wound healing experiment showed that the migration ability of LACC-HGT cells was significantly higher than that of non-HGT cells.LACC-HGT cells were also less sensitive to cisplatin and paclitaxel than non-HGT cells.Compared with non-HGT cells,9566 differentially expressed genes were found in LACC-HGT primary cells,of which 5162 were upregulated and 4404 were down-regulated.The expression of N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase(NPL),MARVEL domain containing 3(MARVELD3),syntabulin(SYBU),and allograft inflammatory factor 1(AIF1)was higher in LACCHGT cells than in non-HGT cells,whereas that of periostin(POSTN)was lower.CONCLUSION:LACC-HGT primary cells have faster proliferation,stronger migration ability,and poorer sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs than non-HGT primary cells.The expression of mRNAs in non-HGT and LACC-HGT primary cells are significantly different.These features are speculated to be the reasons why high-grade transformation tissues exhibit higher malignant degree and poorer prognosis than their counterparts.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ30017)Key Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Program of Hunan Province(C2022001)+1 种基金Key Project of Education Department of Hunan Province(21A0226)Changsha City Natural Science Foundation Project(kq2208184)。
文摘Obiective:To investigate the effects of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on the proliferation,invasion,apoptosis,and other cell biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.Methods:Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were cultured in vitro,and the IC50 concentration and effective time of administration of Xiaoxianxiong Tang were determined by the CCK-8 assay to detect the inhibitory effect of Xiaoxianxiong Tang on A549 cells proliferation.The effect of the Xiaoxianxiong Tang on apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry;the apoptosis-related protein was detected via Western blot;the metastasis-related protein mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results:Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly inhibited the proliferation viability,the invasive ability,and the clonogenic ability of A549 cells compared with the control group(P<0.001).Moreover,Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly promoted the apoptosis of A549 cells(P<0.001).Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl2 expression in A549 cells compared with the control group(P<0.01).The mRNA expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was significantly down-regulated by Xiaoxianxiong Tang compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Xiaoxianxiong Tang has the effect of regulating the biological behavior of A549 cells,and Xiaoxianxiong Tang significantly inhibites the proliferation viability,colony formation,and invasion ability of lung cancer A549 cells.
文摘<strong><em>Background. </em></strong>The active ingredient curcumin of traditional Chinese medicine was selected as the research object to investigate the possible mechanism of breast cancer metastatic bone pain in mouse walker 256 cells and the effect of curcumin on the NF-κB/TNF-α pathway in order to provide a new idea for clinical treatment of breast cancer metastatic bone pain. <strong><em>Methods.</em></strong> By establishing an animal model of breast cancer bone metastasis in walker 256 cells, the biological behavior of nude mice was observed on the 8th day after successful modeling. Meanwhile, the low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group of mice were given 15 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg of curcumin solution intraperitoneally in 21 days, and the right cavity bone and spinal cord distended in mice (L4-L6) tissues were used to detect related factors, Immunohistochemical method was used to detect c-fos in spinal cord. Expression levels of RANK, NF-κB and TNF-α were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Meanwhile, serum levels of Cox2, il-6, leukotriene and PGE2 were detected.<strong><em> Results. </em></strong>Observing the biological behavior index of nude mice, we found that the mechanical pain and thermal pain threshold decreased (p < 0.05), and the cold pain and spontaneous pain scores increased significantly (p < 0.05). After group study, the expression of c-fos in the cancer pain model group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (p < 0.05), and with the increase of curcumin dose, the expression of c-fos in the high dose group was significantly lower than that in the solvent model group (p < 0.05). The expression of RANK, NF-κB, TNF-α was higher than that of the normal control group and decreased gradually with the increase of curcumin dose, among which the expression of high dose group was significantly lower than that of solvent group (p < 0.05). RANK, NF-κB, TNF-α protein expression was higher than that of normal control group and gradually decreased with the increase of curcumin dose. The levels of Cox2, IL-6, leukotriene and PGE2 in serum decreased with the increase of curcumin dose, and the high dose group decreased significantly (p < 0.05). <em><strong>Conclusions. </strong></em>On the 8th day after the success of the animal model of breast cancer bone metastasis in Walker 256 cells, abnormal biological behaviors such as heat pain, cold pain sensation and spontaneous hyperalgesia were observed. Further studies have found that the increased expression of rank on osteoclasts induced up-regulated expression of NF-κB and c-fos, induced expression of TNF-α gene, and could induce synthesis and release of leukotriene, PGE2 through direct activation of cyclooxygenase, inflammatory media IL-6 cascade reaction, resulting in pathological pain and hypersensitivity. Traditional Chinese medicine active ingredient curcumin could reduce RANK expression of osteoclast, inhibit cell NF-κB and spinal cord c-fos activity, reduce TNF-α expression, inhibit Cox2 activity, and reduce the synthesis and release of inflammatory factors leukotriene and PGE2, thus exerting its analgesic effect, which provides new ideas and methods for clinical treatment of metastatic bone pain in breast cancer.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81070660)the Science and Technology Project Foundation of Guangdong Province(2008A030201012)+1 种基金Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(A2012183)the Science and Technology Project Foundation of Guangdong Province(2009B091300128)
文摘BACKGROUND: The high level of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9) is thought to slow down the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. Whether it can influence the biological behaviors of skin fi broblasts and affect wound healing is still unclear. The present study aimed to observe changes in the biological behaviors of rat dermal fi broblasts induced by high expression of MMP9 and to clarify the possible mechanisms of wound healing for diabetic foot.METHODS: A cell model of skin f ibroblast with high expression of MMP9 was established by coculture of high glucose(22.0 mmol/L) and homocysteine(100 μmol/L). A control group was incubated with normal glucose(5.5 mmol/L). Realtime PCR, ELISA and gelatin zymography were used to detect the MMP9 mRNA, protein expression and activity of MMP9. Flow cytometry, CCK-8, ELISA assay, scratch test and transwell were used to detect cell proliferation, viability, collagen(hydroxyproline) secretion, horizontal migration and vertical migration of cells. The data were expressed as mean±SD. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically signif icant.RESULTS: The expression of MMP9 mRNA, protein levels and the activity of MMP9 were much higher in the high MMP9 group than in the control group(7.05±1.02 vs. 1.00±0.00, 206.9±33.6 pg/mL vs. 40.4±5.9 pg/mL, and 1.47±0.13 vs. 0.57±0.12, respectively, P<0.01). The proportion of S-phase cells, proliferation index, cell viability, collagen(hydroxyproline) secretion, horizontal migration rate and the number of vertical migration cells were lower in the high MMP9 group than in the control group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Fibroblasts with a high expression of MMP9 decreased proliferation, activity, secretion and migration of collagens, suggesting that MMP9 may inhibit the biological behaviors of fi broblasts.
基金Supported by Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81873915,No.31872738 and No.81673241Key Plan of Nantong S&T Development,No.MS12020021Program of Medical School S&T of Nantong University,No.2018YFC0116902。
文摘BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the relationship between IGF-1R activation and HCC progression remains unidentified.AIM To investigate the effects of editing IGF-1R on the biological features of HCC cells.METHODS Immunohistochemistry analyzed the expressions of IGF-1R and P-glyco protein(P-gp)in HCC tissues and their distal non-cancerous tissues(non-Ca).IGF-1R was edited with Crispr/Cas9 system,screened specific sg RNAs,and then transfected into Hep G2 cells.CCK-8,scratch wound test detected cell proliferation,migration,invasion and transwell assays,respectively.Alterations of IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed by Western blotting.Alterations of anti-cancer drug IC_(50)values were analyzed at the cell level.RESULTS The positive rates of IGF-1R(93.6%,χ~2=63.947)or P-gp(88.2%,χ~2=58.448)were significantly higher(P<0.001)in the HCC group than those(36.6%in IGF-1R or 26.9%in P-gp)in the non-Ca group.They were positively correlated between high IGF-1R and P-gp expression,and they were associated with hepatitis B virus infection and vascular invasion of HCC.Abnormal expressions of circulating IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed and associated with HCC progression.Biological feature alterations of HCC cells transfected with specific sg RNA showed IGF-1R expression down-regulation,cell proliferation inhibition,cell invasion or migration potential decreasing,and enhancing susceptibility of Hep G2 cells to anti-cancer drugs.CONCLUSION Edited oncogenic IGF-1R was useful to inhibit biological behaviors of Hep G2 cells.
基金Research and Development Key Project of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2020134,ZDYF2022SHFZ283)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81660489)+1 种基金the Special Research Fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hannan Province(No.YSPTZX202005)Innovative Research Project for Postgraduates of Hainan Province(No.Hys2020-355)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of lentiviral stable high expression of circLIFR on the biological behavior of Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells.Methods:Hep3B cell lines were infected with lentiviral packaging of circLIFR expression plasmids to construct stable circLIFR high expression HCC cells.The lentivirus infected with circLIFR high expression sequence was used as the circLIFR high expression group,the lentivirus infected with circLIFR high expression empty vector sequence was used as the negative control group,and the uninfected group was used as the blank control group.After that,circLIFR expression levels were detected by qPCR,and the back splice sites were identified by Sanger sequencing.The cell viability was examined by cell proliferation kit and invasive ability was determined by Transwell assay.Results:The qPCR and Sanger sequencing showed that the stable circLIFR expression of Hep3B cells was successfully established.The circLIFR high expression group had better cell proliferation viability than the negative control and blank control groups,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of cells crossing Matrigel gel in the negative control and blank control groups was(270.8±18.9)and(266.2±17.6),respectively,while the number of cells crossing Matrigel gel in the circLIFR high expression group was(396.6±32.9),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:High circLIFR expression considerably promotes the proliferation and invasive ability of Hep3B cells.
文摘Objective To characterize and compare the different biological behaviors of two novel human osteosarcoma cell lines,Zos and Zos-M,established respectively from the primary site and the skip metastasis of an osteosarcoma patient.Methods Two
基金National Clinical Major Program of Ministry of Public Health,No.97100250
文摘INTRODUCTION Conceivably the presence of basement membrane(BM)in a neoplasm might be a result of interactionof tumor cells with the extracellular matrix.Collagen Ⅳ is one of the major intrinsic componentsof BM.Recent study has shown that collagen Ⅳhas cell adhesion function and is involved in theprocess of tumor invasion and metastasis,includingcolorectal cancer and breast cancer.But there arefew systematic studies on gastric cancer and theresults are equivocal.In this study we evaluated
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30972898
文摘AIM:To determine the expression of toll-like receptor 9(TLR9) in pancreatic tumor and the effects of cytosine phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides 2216(CPG ODN2216) on biological behavior of pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC-1 and explore their clinical significance.METHODS:The immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to determine the expression of TLR9 protein in pancreatic cancer tissues,and immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the TLR9 protein expression in pancreatic carcinoma cell line PANC-1.To assess the effects of CPG ODN2216 on the invasive property of Panc-1 cells,in vitro cell adhesion,wound-healing scrape,and invasion and cell colony formation were evaluated.RESULTS:TLR9 was highly expressed in pancreaticcancer tissues and PANC-1 cells.The percentage of positive cells expressing TLR9 protein in human pancreatic tissues,paracancerous tissues and normal tissues were 73.3%,33.3% and 20.0%,respectively,and the protein expression level of TLR9 was gradually descending(P < 0.05).In vitro tests in wound-healing scrape,cell adhesion,colony formation and matrigel invasion showed that the adhesion and motility of PANC-1 cells in CPG ODN 2216 treatment group were signif icantly lower than in the control group(P < 0.05).The cell growth assay showed that the proliferative ability of PANC-1 cells in treatment group was significantly decreased and CPG ODN2216 had an inhibitive effect in the growth of Panc-1 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:The gene of TLR9 is correlated with the invasive and metastatic potential of human pancreatic carcinoma,and CPG ODN2216 induces the inhibition of migration and invasion of Panc-1 cells.
基金Natural Science Foundation in Hainan Province(No.814357).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of luteolin on the Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of osteosarcoma cell line U2OS and its molecular mechanism by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear factor-kappa B(PI3K/AKT/NF-κB)signaling pathway.Methods:U2OS cells were treated in different concentrations(10,20 and 40μmol/L)of luteolin.MTT was used to detect the effect of luteolin on the proliferation of osteosarcoma U2OS cells.Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the influence of luteolin on migration of U2OS cells.qPCR was used to detect the influence of luteolin on the mRNA expression of Bax,Bcl-2 and Caspase-2 in U2OS cells.Western blot was used to observe the change of p-PI3K,p-AKT,p-IKK and NF-κB proteins.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the influence of luteolin on the protein expression of E-cadherin and vimentim.Results:Luteolin inhibited significantly the proliferation of U2OS cells(P<0.05)in a time-concentration-dependent manner.Luteolin inhibited significantly the migration of U2OS cells(P<0.05).After treatment with luteolin,the mRNA expression of Bax and Caspase-2 was increased significantly(P<0.05),but Bcl-2 was reduced significantly(P<0.05)in U2OS cells.The protein expression of p-PI3K,p-AKT,p-IKK,NF-κB,E-cadherin and vimentin was decreased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusions:Luteolin inhibits the proliferation,migration and EMT transformation of osteosarcoma U2OS cells,which may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41166002)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Nos.2012GXNSFBA053004,2013GXNSFFA019001)Guangxi New Century Education Project(No.2013JGZ100)
文摘Aluminum is concerned as a possible cause of many diseases.To investigate the long-term A1 biokinetics and bioavailability in various kinds of Al-contained medicine and food,an accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS)based on the HI-13 tandem has been established for biological analysis with ^(26)A1(T_(1/2) = 716,000 years) as the tracer.In this paper,the animal tracing,sample preparation procedure and ^(26)A1-AMS measurement are presented.The sample preparation procedure has been simplified.A high sensitivity of 5×10^(-15) for ^(26)A1/^(27)A1 has been achieved.Two phases were found before and after a break time(t_b)for the ^(26)A1 retained in blood and brain,with t_b≈8 and12 h after the ^(26)Al tracer injection,respectively.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 39270300. No. 39370772Training Program for Trans-Century Talents by the State Education Commission of China
文摘AIM To reveal the correlation between thefunctional differentiation phenotypes of gastriccarcinoma cells and the invasion and metastasisby a new way of cell-function classification.METHODS Surgically resected specimens of361 gastric carcinomas (GC) were investigatedwith enzyme-, mucin-, and tumor-related markerimmunohistochemist ry. According to thedirection of cell-function differentiation,stomach carcinomas were divided into fivefunctionally differentiated types.iation type (AFDT): there were 82 (22.7%)patients including 76 (92.7%) aged 45 years.Sixty-nine (84.1%) cases belonged to theintestinal type. Thirty-eight (46.3%) expressedCD44v6 and 9 (13.6%) of 66 male patientsdeveloped liver metastasis. The 5-year survivalrate of patients in this group (58.5%) was higherMucin secreting function differentiation type(MSFDT): 54 (15%) cases. Fifty-three (98.1%)tumors had penetrated the serosa, 12 (22.2%)expressed ER and 22 (40.7%) expressedCD44v6. The postoperative 5-year survival ratefunction differentiation type (AMPFDT): therewere 180 (49.9%) cases, including 31 (17.2%)aged yanger than 45 years. The tumor was morecommon in women (62, 34.4%,) and expressedmore frequently estrogen receptors (ER) ( 129,81.7%) than other types (P＜0.01). Ovarymetastasis was found in 12 (19.4%) out of 62female subjects. The patients with this type GChad the lowest 5-year survival rate (24.7%)differentiation type (SFDT): 13 (3.6%) cases.Nine (69.2%) tumors of this type derived fromAPUD system, the other 4 (30.7%) were ofdifferent histological differentiation. Sixty percent of the patients survived at least five years.(8.9%) cases. Nineteen (59.4%) cases hadlymph node metastases but no one with liver orovary metastasis. The 5-year survival rate was28.1%.CONCLUSION This new cell-functionclassification of GC is helpful in indicating thecharacteristics of invasion and metastasis of GCwith different cell-function differentiationphenotypes. Further study is needed to disclosethe correlation between the cell-functionaldifferentiation phenotypes and the relevantgenotypes and the biological behavior of gastriccarcinoma.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2021A1515011623)the Administrator Foundation of Nanfang Hospital(China)(No.2019B021,2020z004)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.81971852).
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),the most well-studied cell type in the field of stem cell therapy,have multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potential.MsC-based thera-pies have been used to treat diverse diseases because of their ability to potently repair tissue and locally restore function.An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that paracrine func-tion is central to the effects of MsC-based therapy.Growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,extracellular matrix components,and extracellular vehicles all contribute to the beneficial ef-fects of MSCs on tissue regeneration and repair.The paracrine substances secreted by MSCs change depending on the tissue microenvironment and biological behavior.In this review,we discuss the bioactive substances secreted by MsCs depending on the microenvironment and biological behavior and their regulatory mechanisms,which explain their potential to treat human diseases,to provide new ideas for further research and clinical cell-free therapy.
文摘Chronic hepatitis B causes a liver disease characterized by inflammation of the liver parenchyma. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of biological parameters in patients treated with Tenofovir for chronic B infection at the Commune V referral health center in Bamako. We obtained a prevalence of 14.15%. The most represented age group was 31 - 40 years, with 36.8%. The sex ratio was 1.44 in favour of men. Viral load was undetectable after 18 months of treatment in 25 patients (42.37%). Tenofovir, the 1st-line drug in Mali, is effective on the biological parameters monitored in patients.
文摘The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EF) in recent years has been highly effective against the different orders of insects considered pests of agricultural importance and their conidia have been commonly applied, but it has been reported that these are sensitive to the environmental conditions. For this reason, biopesticides products have been formulated based on secondary metabolites, recently. These biomolecules participate as biological control agent, such as: cyclic depsipeptides, amino acids, polyketides, polyphenols and terpenoids, affecting their morphology, life cycle and insect behavior. The use of secondary metabolites of entomopathogenic fungi opens the possibility of application in a more efficient way for the control of agricultural pests in a compatible with the environment and human health;therefore, it is important to know, analyzing the type of molecules, their effects, and their different methods of application.
基金supported by Postdoctoral Innovation Talents’ Support Programthe National Natural Science Foundation of China (32130099)+1 种基金the Tianjin Synthetic Biotechnology Innovation Capacity Improvement Project (TSBICIP-CXRC-038)Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Project (NT2021005)。
文摘Valine is an essential amino acid and a type of branched-chain amino acid. Due to the involvement of branchedchain amino acids in various metabolic pathways, there has been a surge of interests in valine nutrition and its role in animal physiology. In pigs, the interactions between valine and other branched-chain amino acids or aromatic amino acids are complex. In this review, we delve into the interaction mechanism, metabolic pathways, and biological functions of valine. Appropriate valine supplementation not only enhances growth and reproductive performances, but also modulates gut microbiota and immune functions. Based on past observations and interpretations, we provide recommended feed levels of valine for weaned piglets, growing pigs, gilts, lactating sows, barrows and entire males. The summarized valine nutrient requirements for pigs at different stages offer valuable insights for future research and practical applications in animal husbandry.
基金funded by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China (ZR2020QC005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272789)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32000041)the Shandong Edible Fungus Agricultural Technology System (SDAIT-07-02)the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Plan (2021ZDSYS28)the Qingdao Agricultural University Scientific Research Foundation (6631120076)。
文摘White Hypsizygus marmoreus is a popular edible mushroom.Its mycelium is easy to be contaminated by Penicillium,which leads to a decrease in its quality and yield.Penicillium could compete for limited space and nutrients through rapid growth and produce a variety of harmful gases,such as benzene,aldehydes,phenols,etc.,to inhibit the growth of H.marmoreus mycelium.A series of changes occurred in H.marmoreus proteome after contamination when detected by the label-free tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)technique.Some proteins with up-regulated expression worked together to participate in some processes,such as the non-toxic transformation of harmful gases,glutathione metabolism,histone modification,nucleotide excision repair,clearing misfolded proteins,and synthesizing glutamine,which were mainly used in response to biological stress.The proteins with down-regulated expression are mainly related to the processes of ribosome function,protein processing,spliceosome,carbon metabolism,glycolysis,and gluconeogenesis.The reduction in the function of these proteins affected the production of the cell components,which might be an adjustment to adapt to growth retardation.This study further enhanced the understanding of the biological stress response and the growth restriction adaptation mechanisms in edible fungi.It also provided a theoretical basis for protein function exploration and edible mushroom food safety research.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7212023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071180)to HHMthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271206)to TZL。
文摘Objective Postoperative delirium(POD)has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages.However,the underlying mechanism is yet unknown.Our study aimed to explore the changes in metabolites in three specific brain regions and saliva of older mice with postoperative delirium behavior and to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers.Methods Eighteen-month-old male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to the anesthesia/surgery or control group.Behavioral tests were conducted 24 h before surgery and 6,9,and 24 h after surgery.Complement C3(C3)and S100 calcium-binding protein B protein(S100beta)levels were measured in the hippocampus,and a metabolomics analysis was performed on saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala samples.Results In total,43,33,38,and 14 differential metabolites were detected in the saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala,respectively.“Pyruvate”“alpha-linolenic acid”and“2-oleoyl-1-palmitoy-snglycero-3-phosphocholine”are enriched in one common pathway and may be potential non-invasive biomarkers for POD.Common changes were observed in the three brain regions,with the upregulation of 1-methylhistidine and downregulation of D-glutamine.Conclusion Dysfunctions in energy metabolism,oxidative stress,and neurotransmitter dysregulation are implicated in the development of POD.The identification of changes in the level of salivary metabolite biomarkers could aid in the development of noninvasive diagnostic methods for POD.
文摘Understanding and modeling individuals’behaviors during epidemics is crucial for effective epidemic control.However,existing research ignores the impact of users’irrationality on decision-making in the epidemic.Meanwhile,existing disease control methods often assume users’full compliance with measures like mandatory isolation,which does not align with the actual situation.To address these issues,this paper proposes a prospect theorybased framework to model users’decision-making process in epidemics and analyzes how irrationality affects individuals’behaviors and epidemic dynamics.According to the analysis results,irrationality tends to prompt conservative behaviors when the infection risk is low but encourages risk-seeking behaviors when the risk is high.Then,this paper proposes a behavior inducement algorithm to guide individuals’behaviors and control the spread of disease.Simulations and real user tests validate our analysis,and simulation results show that the proposed behavior inducement algorithm can effectively guide individuals’behavior.
