Aim:Hyaluronic acid(HA)injectables have gained rapid acceptance for the treatment of skin rejuvenation.A novel HA/sorbitol composition intended for skin quality improvement containing 2.6%of high molecular weight HA s...Aim:Hyaluronic acid(HA)injectables have gained rapid acceptance for the treatment of skin rejuvenation.A novel HA/sorbitol composition intended for skin quality improvement containing 2.6%of high molecular weight HA stabilized by sorbitol was recently designed to be injected subcutaneously.The aim of this study was to assess the expression of biological markers of skin quality after administration of the composition.Methods:The HA/sorbitol composition was evaluated after injection into the superficial adipose tissue with ex vivo cultured human skin explants versus a product comparator to study the general morphology of the skin tissues and the expression of HA,elastin,collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅲ,and fibrillin-1 in the dermal layer.Results:The results demonstrate that the HA/sorbitol composition is able to boost the production of HA,elastin,collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅲ,and fibrillin-1 in the dermis while providing a proper quality of skin morphology.Conclusion:The HA/sorbitol composition improved biological markers of skin quality in the dermis after product injection into the superficial adipose tissue.This novel composition can be considered as an attractive solution to treat skin aging by injecting a specific HA/sorbitol formulation to strategically target the subcutaneous tissue to improve the quality of the different layers of the skin.展开更多
Objective Postoperative delirium(POD)has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages.However,the underlying mechanism is yet unknown.Our study aimed to e...Objective Postoperative delirium(POD)has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages.However,the underlying mechanism is yet unknown.Our study aimed to explore the changes in metabolites in three specific brain regions and saliva of older mice with postoperative delirium behavior and to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers.Methods Eighteen-month-old male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to the anesthesia/surgery or control group.Behavioral tests were conducted 24 h before surgery and 6,9,and 24 h after surgery.Complement C3(C3)and S100 calcium-binding protein B protein(S100beta)levels were measured in the hippocampus,and a metabolomics analysis was performed on saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala samples.Results In total,43,33,38,and 14 differential metabolites were detected in the saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala,respectively.“Pyruvate”“alpha-linolenic acid”and“2-oleoyl-1-palmitoy-snglycero-3-phosphocholine”are enriched in one common pathway and may be potential non-invasive biomarkers for POD.Common changes were observed in the three brain regions,with the upregulation of 1-methylhistidine and downregulation of D-glutamine.Conclusion Dysfunctions in energy metabolism,oxidative stress,and neurotransmitter dysregulation are implicated in the development of POD.The identification of changes in the level of salivary metabolite biomarkers could aid in the development of noninvasive diagnostic methods for POD.展开更多
In Human immunodeficiency virus infected (HIV+) patients, deregulation of regulatory T (Treg) cells can be deleterious for the development of an efficient anti-HIV specific immune response with an inappropriate immune...In Human immunodeficiency virus infected (HIV+) patients, deregulation of regulatory T (Treg) cells can be deleterious for the development of an efficient anti-HIV specific immune response with an inappropriate immune activation despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART). In addition, infection and ART have the potential to cause hematological and biochemical abnormalities that can lead to the discontinuation of ART. The aim of this study was to assess hematological, biochemical and immunological abnormalities in HIV+ patients’ na<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ï</span>ve to ART and 6 months after ART initiation. In a cross-sectional study, 11 HIV+ patients and 09 healthy individuals (control group) were voluntarily recruited. At inclusion, blood samples were taken before administration of ART. All hematological, biochemical, immunological parameters and viral load were measured and assessed at inclusion (M0) and three and/or six months later (M3, M6). Higher level of white blood cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes (p = 0.032, 0.038 respectively) were observed in HIV+ patients. ART also had significantly effect on the level of red blood cells (p = 0.04) and Hb (p = 0.015). The inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) that were significantly increased by HIV infection, tended to decrease for ESR and revert to levels similar to those of control for CRP. Analysis of CD4+CD25+ cells and CD4+Foxp3+CD25+ showed significantly elevated levels of activated form of all CD4+ cells and Treg cells. Interestingly, six months after initiation of ART, the average percentage of CD4+CD25+ was not significantly different from control group (p = 0.382). Our study provides information about the evolution of the activated form of all CD4 cells and Treg cells and points out the necessity to monitor hematological and biochemical parameters in order to detect and prevent toxicity, improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of mortality.展开更多
Objective:To study the diagnostic value of multiple tumor markers in malignant ovarian neoplasm.Methods:Sera obtained from 430 patients with ovarian masses (110 cases were malignant ovarian tumors,320 cases were benig...Objective:To study the diagnostic value of multiple tumor markers in malignant ovarian neoplasm.Methods:Sera obtained from 430 patients with ovarian masses (110 cases were malignant ovarian tumors,320 cases were benign ovarian tumors) before operation,and from 50 healthy women as control.Serologic examination of tumor markers included CA125,TSGF,SA,CEA,AFP,HCG and Fer.Results:The serum levels of CA125,TSGF,SA and Fer in patients with ovarian cancer were higher than those in patients with benign ovarian tumors (P<0.05),also in control group (P<0.05).In the diagnostic value of application for malignant ovarian neoplasm,CA125,TSGF and SA were better than the others.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in diagnosis of ovarian cancer were 86.4%,82.8%and 83.7% respectively for CA125 alone,78.2%,81.3%and 80.5% for TSGF alone,74.5%,81.9%and 80.0% for SA alone,whereas 95.5%,45.6%and 58.4% for multiple tumor markers combined in which 1 or more indices showed positive,93.6%,80.6%and 84.0% for that in which 2 or more indices showed positive,and 87.3%,90.3%and 89.5% for that in which 3 or more indices show positive.Conclusion:multiple tumor markers examination could improve the diagnosis of ovarian cancer,and examination of CA125,TSGF and SA combined is most ideal.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) represents the fifth most common cancer in the world,and the third most frequent oncological cause of death.The incidence of HCC is on the increase.HCC typically develops in patients with...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) represents the fifth most common cancer in the world,and the third most frequent oncological cause of death.The incidence of HCC is on the increase.HCC typically develops in patients with chronic liver diseases,and cirrhosis,usually with viral etiology,is the strongest predisposing factor.Nowadays HCC diagnosis is a multistage process including clinical,laboratory,imaging and pathological examinations.The prognosis of HCC is mostly poor,because of detection at an advanced,non-resectable stage.Potentially curative treatment(surgery) is limited and really possible only for cases with small HCC malignancies.For this reason,more effective surveillance strategies should be used to screen for early occurrence of HCC targeted to the population at risk.So far,the generally accepted serological marker is α-fetoprotein(AFP).Its diagnostic accuracy is unsatisfactory and questionable because of low sensitivity,therefore there is a strong demand by clinicians for new HCC-specific biomarkers.In this review,we will focus on other biomarkers that seem to improve HCC diagnosis,such as AFP-L3,des-γ-carboxyprothrombin,α-l-fucosidase,,γ-glutamyl transferase,glypican-3,squamous cell carcinoma antigen,a new generation of immunoglobulin M-immunocomplexes,and very promising geneexpression profiling.展开更多
Objective Texture analysis is deemed to reflect intratumor heterogeneity invisible to the naked eyes.The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of assessing the KRAS mutational status in colorectal cancer(C...Objective Texture analysis is deemed to reflect intratumor heterogeneity invisible to the naked eyes.The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of assessing the KRAS mutational status in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients using CT texture analysis.Methods This retrospective study included 92 patients who had histopathologically confirmed CRC and underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT examinations.The patients were assigned into a training cohort(n=51)and a validation cohort(n=41).We placed the region of interest in the tumour regions on the selected axial images using software of lexRad to extract a series of quantitative parameters based on the spatial scaling factors(SSFs),including mean,standard deviation(SD),entropy,mean of positive pixels(MPP),skewness,and kurtosis.The texture parameters and clinical characteristics(age,gender,tumour location,histopathology;tumour size,1 N,M stages)were compared between the mutated and wild-type KRAS patient groups in training cohort and validation cohort.Before building the multiple feature classifier,we calculated the correlations of the features using Pearsons correlation coefficient,and if any two features were significantly correlated,the one with lower AUC was removed.Ultimately,only the most discriminative isolated features were combined to train a supporting vector machine(SVM)classifier.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was processed for evaluating the diagnostic efficiency of texture parameters in differentiating CRC patients with mutated KRAS from those with wild-type KRAS.Results None of the clinical characteristics were significant different between CRC patients with wild-type KRAS and mutated KRAS in both cohorts.For predicting the expression of mutated KRAS in CRC patients,the perfect model which combined skewness on SSF 5 by unenhanced CT,entropy on SSF 2,skewness and kurtosis on SSF 0,and kurtosis and mean on SSF 3 by enhanced CT,showed a desirable AUC of 0.951(95%CI:0.895-1,P<0.001),with a sensitivity of 88.9%and a specificity of 91.7%,when the cut-off value was 0.46 in the training cohort;while in the validation cohort,the AUC value was 0.995(95%CI:0.982-1,P<0.001),the sensitivity was 100%,and the specificity was 93.7%when the cut-off value was 0.28.Conclusion It is feasible to evaluate the KRAS mutational status in CRC using CT texture analysis.展开更多
The nuclear retinoic acid receptor may play a critical role in the process of lung carcinogenesis. Alteration or loss of nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs) has been associated with progression in premalignant and ...The nuclear retinoic acid receptor may play a critical role in the process of lung carcinogenesis. Alteration or loss of nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs) has been associated with progression in premalignant and malignant tissues and it is associated with malignant transformation in human cells. Vitamin A derivates, such as retinoic acid, have emerged as adjuvant to therapy in several types of cancer with favorable effects. Retinoic acid regulates the expression of target genes through the binding and activation of RARs, inhibiting growth proliferation. Diverse studies have evaluated different retinoids alone or in combination with chemotherapy in lung cancer, from which results have been controversial with benefits observed only in the subpopulation with high levels of triglycerides. Additionally, several large randomized trials using retinoids to prevent tobacco-related cancer have failed;due to the latter the use of retinoids in clinical trials remains controversial. However they could reduce the risk of cancer development in non-smokers. There is evidence that retinoids have different effects on lung cancer;still the identification of biomarkers could determinate their benefits as preventive or therapy agents. This review describes the RAR alterations during the development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and sets out the importance of several cancer treatments with retinoid compounds.展开更多
Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) reduces surgical trauma and hospital stay, but requires effective and safe postoperative analgesia. This prospective and double-blind study investigated the effects of ana...Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) reduces surgical trauma and hospital stay, but requires effective and safe postoperative analgesia. This prospective and double-blind study investigated the effects of analgesia with tramadol combined with either dipyrone or ketorolac on the postoperative renal function of patients submitted to LC. Methods: Pre-and post-operatively (PO), estimated glomerular filtration rates (GFR), obtained by two formulas dependent on blood Cr and one on blood cystatin C values, and tubular enzymuria—alkaline phosphatase (AP), γ-glutamiltransferase (γ-GT)— were determined in well hydrated patients who underwent LC and analgesia with tramadol combined with either dipyrone (Dipyrone, n = 63) or ketorolac (Ketorolac, n = 63). Upon discharge from the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU), pain (through Verbal Numerical Scale—VNS) and need for rescue analgesia with morphine were evaluated. Results: There was hemodilution PO, which made GFR profile analysis more difficult—those dependent on Cr increased and statistically correlated, but those dependent on cystatin C did not change. There was a significant PO increase in AP in the Dipyrone and Ketorolac groups, and in the product of the both enzymes in the Ketorolac group. Upon PACU discharge, the Dipyrone group showed signifi cantly higher VNS scores than the Ketorolac group. All patients received morphine PO, and the total dose needed for pain control differed between groups, but without statistical significance. Conclusions: The association of tramadol with dipyrone or ketorolac in well hydrated patients submitted to LC had similar analgesic effectiveness in the PACU. Postoperatively, the effect on GFR may have been masked by hemodilution, and enzymuria was discreetly enhanced when ketorolac was used.展开更多
Objective:To establish a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease with depression,and to explore the common serum indicators that can be used to assess the occurrence of depression in Alzheimer’s disease patients by routine...Objective:To establish a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease with depression,and to explore the common serum indicators that can be used to assess the occurrence of depression in Alzheimer’s disease patients by routine blood testing.Methods:120 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into healthy group,control group,dementia group and dementia with depression group,with 30 rats in each group.The rats in the three groups were tested for the basic biological markers by means of routine serum monitoring.Results:30 rats in each healthy group and control group,28rats in dementia group and 27 rats in dementia with depression group completed the experiment.There were statistical differences in the levels of each biomarker in the four groups of rats(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference in the levels of each biomarker between the healthy group and the control group(P>0.05);The levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP,and Hcy in the dementia group were higher than those in the healthy group and the control group,and the 5-HT levels were lower than those in the healthy group and the control group(P<0.05);The levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP,and Hcy in the depression group were higher than those in the other three groups,and the levels of 5-HT were lower than those in the other three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of depressive symptoms in Alzheimer’s rats can be predicted to some extent by routine serum IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP,Hcy and 5-HT levels,and it is inferred that the above indicators can be used as important biological markers to assess the occurrence of depression in Alzheimer’s patients.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONCarcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA) , originally described by Gold and Freedman [1] in 1965, is now an acknowledged member of immunoglobulin superfamily[2],with a role as an intracellular adhesion molecule[3]....INTRODUCTIONCarcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA) , originally described by Gold and Freedman [1] in 1965, is now an acknowledged member of immunoglobulin superfamily[2],with a role as an intracellular adhesion molecule[3].Carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9), obtained with a monoclonal antibody produced by immunizing a monoclonal antibody produced by immunizing a mouse with a colonic cancer cell line in 1979[4],is a ligand for E-selectin that plays an important role in the addhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cells [5,6].展开更多
BACKGROUND: The Glasgow Coma Scale,computer tomography,and nuclear magnetic reso-nance imaging have been frequently used to diagnose brain injury.However,these methods do not accurately and quantitatively evaluate inj...BACKGROUND: The Glasgow Coma Scale,computer tomography,and nuclear magnetic reso-nance imaging have been frequently used to diagnose brain injury.However,these methods do not accurately and quantitatively evaluate injury degree.However,proteomics displays some advan-tages.To date,there are few proteomics studies based on primary astrocyte cultures from a fluid percussion injury model.OBJECTIVE: To detect differential protein expression in rat cerebral cortical astrocytes following fluid percussion injury using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrum and to deter-mine specific biological markers of brain injury.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: Complete,randomized grouping and proteomics experiments were performed at the Molecular Pathological Laboratory,Central Laboratory and Tianjin Key Laboratory for Biomarkers of Occupational and Environmental Hazard of Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force from October 2007 to May 2008.MATERIALS: Inverted phase-contrast microscope was purchased from Olympus,Japan.PRO-TEAN IEF Cell isoelectric focusing electrophoresis system and PROTEAN II Xi-Cell vertical elec-trophoresis system were purchased from Bio-Rad,USA.Autoflex MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer was purchased from Bruker,Germany.METHODS: A total of 90 culture dishes,fully coated with Sprague Dawley rat cortical astrocytes,were randomly divided into control (n = 30) and injury (n = 60) groups.Astrocytes in the injury group were subjected to fluid percussion and subdivided into 4-hour (n = 30) and 48-hour injury (n = 30) groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell morphology was observed using inverted phase-contrast mi-croscopy.Cell total protein was extracted from each group,followed by two-dimensional gel elec-trophoresis and silver staining,and the differential protein expression was analyzed using PDQuest 7.0 software.Protein peptide mass fingerprinting of differential protein spots was obtained by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.The National Center for Bio-technology Information (NCBI) protein database was retrieved by Mascot to primarily identify protein type.Finally,differential protein expression was detected by Western blot analysis.RESULTS: Following fluid percussion injury,astrocytes displayed obvious swelling and increased intercellular space,with some cell detachment;the number of dead cells was significantly greater than the control group (P < 0.05).Expression intensity of 114 protein spots was significantly greater in the injury group compared with the control group (P < 0.05);9 of the 114 protein spots were iden-tified and peptide matching scores of 8 spots were > 61 (P < 0.05).Protein types were identified and included cellular retinol binding protein,brain fatty acid binding protein 7,S100 calcium binding protein A11,60S acidic ribosomal protein P2,calponin 3,breast carcinoma amplified sequence 2 homolog,eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A,and hypothetical protein LOC685814.Western blot detection revealed brain fatty acid binding protein 7 expression in cortical astrocytes,which in-creased with injury time compared with the control group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Results from this study showed morphological and proteomic changes in cortical astrocytes following fluid percussion injury.Brain fatty acid binding protein 7 was expressed in as-trocytes and possibly played an important role in injury repair.Mass-spectrum identified differentially expressed proteins that correlated with cell metabolism regulation,signal transduction,and transla-tion initiation,and could serve as specific biological markers of brain injury.展开更多
The source rocks and crude oils from the Qianjiang Formation (Eocene) in the Jiangban basin have been systematically studied in the present work. Supergene hydrocarboholds are characterized by (ⅰ) high alteration rat...The source rocks and crude oils from the Qianjiang Formation (Eocene) in the Jiangban basin have been systematically studied in the present work. Supergene hydrocarboholds are characterized by (ⅰ) high alteration ratio of soluble organic matter over organic carbon and middle ratio of hydrocarbon over organic carbon; (ⅱ) high content of non-hydrocarbon plus asphahene in extracts or crude oils; (ⅲ) sulfur-rich crude oils being an important immature crude oil; (ⅳ) alkane showing high content of phytane, gammacerane and marked even-carbon predominance or odd-carbon predominance; (ⅴ) aromatic biomarkers being distinctly classified into four groups; (ⅵ) pronounced evencarbon predominance in alkyl henzenes. In combination of all geochemical data. it is extrapolated that exploration of immature crude oil in hypersaline environment should be noticed.展开更多
Background:Inflammation has been believed to be related to the development of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(aSAH).A potential biomarker for vascular inflammation that is well recogniz...Background:Inflammation has been believed to be related to the development of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(aSAH).A potential biomarker for vascular inflammation that is well recognized is the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2).However,whether Lp-PLA2 can predict the occurrence of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm(SCV)in aSAH patients is still unknown.Thus,this study aimed to assess the value of Lp-PLA2 for predicting SCV in patients with aSAH.Methods:Between March 2017 and April 2018,we evaluated 128 consecutive aSAH patients who were admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University.Their Lp-PLA2 level was obtained within 24 h of the initial bleeding.Factors might be related to SCV were analyzed.Results:Compared to patients without SCV,those with SCV(9.4%,12/128)had significantly higher Lp-PLA2 level.Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that worse modified Fisher grade(OR=10.08,95%CI=2.04–49.86,P=0.005)and higher Lp-PLA2 level(OR=6.66,95%CI=1.33–3.30,P=0.021)were significantly associated with SCV,even after adjustment for confounders.Based on the best threshold,Lp-PLA2 had a sensitivity of 83.3%and a specificity of 51.7%for predicting SCV,as shown by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.In the poor World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade patient sub-group,patients with Lp-PLA2>200μg/L had significantly higher SCV rate than that of patients having Lp-PLA2≤200μg/L.Conclusion:The admission Lp-PLA2 level might be a helpful predictor for SCV in aSAH.展开更多
The cancer stem cell(CSC)state and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)activation are tightly interconnected.Cancer cells that acquire the EMT/CSC phenotype are equipped with adaptive metabolic changes to maintain l...The cancer stem cell(CSC)state and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)activation are tightly interconnected.Cancer cells that acquire the EMT/CSC phenotype are equipped with adaptive metabolic changes to maintain low reactive oxygen species levels and stemness,enhanced drug transporters,anti-apoptotic machinery and DNA repair system.Factors present in the tumor microenvironment such as hypoxia and the communication with non-cancer stromal cells also promote cancer cells to enter the EMT/CSC state and display related resistance.ATP,particularly the high levels of intratumoral extracellular ATP functioning through both signaling pathways and ATP internalization,induces and regulates EMT and CSC.The three of them work together to enhance drug resistance.New findings in each of these factors will help us explore deeper into mechanisms of drug resistance and suggest new resistance-associated markers and therapeutic targets.展开更多
基金Kylane Laboratoires SA provided the logistical and financial support for the execution of this study.
文摘Aim:Hyaluronic acid(HA)injectables have gained rapid acceptance for the treatment of skin rejuvenation.A novel HA/sorbitol composition intended for skin quality improvement containing 2.6%of high molecular weight HA stabilized by sorbitol was recently designed to be injected subcutaneously.The aim of this study was to assess the expression of biological markers of skin quality after administration of the composition.Methods:The HA/sorbitol composition was evaluated after injection into the superficial adipose tissue with ex vivo cultured human skin explants versus a product comparator to study the general morphology of the skin tissues and the expression of HA,elastin,collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅲ,and fibrillin-1 in the dermal layer.Results:The results demonstrate that the HA/sorbitol composition is able to boost the production of HA,elastin,collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅲ,and fibrillin-1 in the dermis while providing a proper quality of skin morphology.Conclusion:The HA/sorbitol composition improved biological markers of skin quality in the dermis after product injection into the superficial adipose tissue.This novel composition can be considered as an attractive solution to treat skin aging by injecting a specific HA/sorbitol formulation to strategically target the subcutaneous tissue to improve the quality of the different layers of the skin.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7212023)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071180)to HHMthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271206)to TZL。
文摘Objective Postoperative delirium(POD)has become a critical challenge with severe consequences and increased incidences as the global population ages.However,the underlying mechanism is yet unknown.Our study aimed to explore the changes in metabolites in three specific brain regions and saliva of older mice with postoperative delirium behavior and to identify potential non-invasive biomarkers.Methods Eighteen-month-old male C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to the anesthesia/surgery or control group.Behavioral tests were conducted 24 h before surgery and 6,9,and 24 h after surgery.Complement C3(C3)and S100 calcium-binding protein B protein(S100beta)levels were measured in the hippocampus,and a metabolomics analysis was performed on saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala samples.Results In total,43,33,38,and 14 differential metabolites were detected in the saliva,hippocampus,cortex,and amygdala,respectively.“Pyruvate”“alpha-linolenic acid”and“2-oleoyl-1-palmitoy-snglycero-3-phosphocholine”are enriched in one common pathway and may be potential non-invasive biomarkers for POD.Common changes were observed in the three brain regions,with the upregulation of 1-methylhistidine and downregulation of D-glutamine.Conclusion Dysfunctions in energy metabolism,oxidative stress,and neurotransmitter dysregulation are implicated in the development of POD.The identification of changes in the level of salivary metabolite biomarkers could aid in the development of noninvasive diagnostic methods for POD.
文摘In Human immunodeficiency virus infected (HIV+) patients, deregulation of regulatory T (Treg) cells can be deleterious for the development of an efficient anti-HIV specific immune response with an inappropriate immune activation despite anti-retroviral therapy (ART). In addition, infection and ART have the potential to cause hematological and biochemical abnormalities that can lead to the discontinuation of ART. The aim of this study was to assess hematological, biochemical and immunological abnormalities in HIV+ patients’ na<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ï</span>ve to ART and 6 months after ART initiation. In a cross-sectional study, 11 HIV+ patients and 09 healthy individuals (control group) were voluntarily recruited. At inclusion, blood samples were taken before administration of ART. All hematological, biochemical, immunological parameters and viral load were measured and assessed at inclusion (M0) and three and/or six months later (M3, M6). Higher level of white blood cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes (p = 0.032, 0.038 respectively) were observed in HIV+ patients. ART also had significantly effect on the level of red blood cells (p = 0.04) and Hb (p = 0.015). The inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) that were significantly increased by HIV infection, tended to decrease for ESR and revert to levels similar to those of control for CRP. Analysis of CD4+CD25+ cells and CD4+Foxp3+CD25+ showed significantly elevated levels of activated form of all CD4+ cells and Treg cells. Interestingly, six months after initiation of ART, the average percentage of CD4+CD25+ was not significantly different from control group (p = 0.382). Our study provides information about the evolution of the activated form of all CD4 cells and Treg cells and points out the necessity to monitor hematological and biochemical parameters in order to detect and prevent toxicity, improve the quality of life and reduce the risk of mortality.
文摘Objective:To study the diagnostic value of multiple tumor markers in malignant ovarian neoplasm.Methods:Sera obtained from 430 patients with ovarian masses (110 cases were malignant ovarian tumors,320 cases were benign ovarian tumors) before operation,and from 50 healthy women as control.Serologic examination of tumor markers included CA125,TSGF,SA,CEA,AFP,HCG and Fer.Results:The serum levels of CA125,TSGF,SA and Fer in patients with ovarian cancer were higher than those in patients with benign ovarian tumors (P<0.05),also in control group (P<0.05).In the diagnostic value of application for malignant ovarian neoplasm,CA125,TSGF and SA were better than the others.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in diagnosis of ovarian cancer were 86.4%,82.8%and 83.7% respectively for CA125 alone,78.2%,81.3%and 80.5% for TSGF alone,74.5%,81.9%and 80.0% for SA alone,whereas 95.5%,45.6%and 58.4% for multiple tumor markers combined in which 1 or more indices showed positive,93.6%,80.6%and 84.0% for that in which 2 or more indices showed positive,and 87.3%,90.3%and 89.5% for that in which 3 or more indices show positive.Conclusion:multiple tumor markers examination could improve the diagnosis of ovarian cancer,and examination of CA125,TSGF and SA combined is most ideal.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) represents the fifth most common cancer in the world,and the third most frequent oncological cause of death.The incidence of HCC is on the increase.HCC typically develops in patients with chronic liver diseases,and cirrhosis,usually with viral etiology,is the strongest predisposing factor.Nowadays HCC diagnosis is a multistage process including clinical,laboratory,imaging and pathological examinations.The prognosis of HCC is mostly poor,because of detection at an advanced,non-resectable stage.Potentially curative treatment(surgery) is limited and really possible only for cases with small HCC malignancies.For this reason,more effective surveillance strategies should be used to screen for early occurrence of HCC targeted to the population at risk.So far,the generally accepted serological marker is α-fetoprotein(AFP).Its diagnostic accuracy is unsatisfactory and questionable because of low sensitivity,therefore there is a strong demand by clinicians for new HCC-specific biomarkers.In this review,we will focus on other biomarkers that seem to improve HCC diagnosis,such as AFP-L3,des-γ-carboxyprothrombin,α-l-fucosidase,,γ-glutamyl transferase,glypican-3,squamous cell carcinoma antigen,a new generation of immunoglobulin M-immunocomplexes,and very promising geneexpression profiling.
基金Funded by the National Public Welfare Basic Scientific Research Program of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2018PT32003).
文摘Objective Texture analysis is deemed to reflect intratumor heterogeneity invisible to the naked eyes.The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of assessing the KRAS mutational status in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients using CT texture analysis.Methods This retrospective study included 92 patients who had histopathologically confirmed CRC and underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT examinations.The patients were assigned into a training cohort(n=51)and a validation cohort(n=41).We placed the region of interest in the tumour regions on the selected axial images using software of lexRad to extract a series of quantitative parameters based on the spatial scaling factors(SSFs),including mean,standard deviation(SD),entropy,mean of positive pixels(MPP),skewness,and kurtosis.The texture parameters and clinical characteristics(age,gender,tumour location,histopathology;tumour size,1 N,M stages)were compared between the mutated and wild-type KRAS patient groups in training cohort and validation cohort.Before building the multiple feature classifier,we calculated the correlations of the features using Pearsons correlation coefficient,and if any two features were significantly correlated,the one with lower AUC was removed.Ultimately,only the most discriminative isolated features were combined to train a supporting vector machine(SVM)classifier.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was processed for evaluating the diagnostic efficiency of texture parameters in differentiating CRC patients with mutated KRAS from those with wild-type KRAS.Results None of the clinical characteristics were significant different between CRC patients with wild-type KRAS and mutated KRAS in both cohorts.For predicting the expression of mutated KRAS in CRC patients,the perfect model which combined skewness on SSF 5 by unenhanced CT,entropy on SSF 2,skewness and kurtosis on SSF 0,and kurtosis and mean on SSF 3 by enhanced CT,showed a desirable AUC of 0.951(95%CI:0.895-1,P<0.001),with a sensitivity of 88.9%and a specificity of 91.7%,when the cut-off value was 0.46 in the training cohort;while in the validation cohort,the AUC value was 0.995(95%CI:0.982-1,P<0.001),the sensitivity was 100%,and the specificity was 93.7%when the cut-off value was 0.28.Conclusion It is feasible to evaluate the KRAS mutational status in CRC using CT texture analysis.
文摘The nuclear retinoic acid receptor may play a critical role in the process of lung carcinogenesis. Alteration or loss of nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs) has been associated with progression in premalignant and malignant tissues and it is associated with malignant transformation in human cells. Vitamin A derivates, such as retinoic acid, have emerged as adjuvant to therapy in several types of cancer with favorable effects. Retinoic acid regulates the expression of target genes through the binding and activation of RARs, inhibiting growth proliferation. Diverse studies have evaluated different retinoids alone or in combination with chemotherapy in lung cancer, from which results have been controversial with benefits observed only in the subpopulation with high levels of triglycerides. Additionally, several large randomized trials using retinoids to prevent tobacco-related cancer have failed;due to the latter the use of retinoids in clinical trials remains controversial. However they could reduce the risk of cancer development in non-smokers. There is evidence that retinoids have different effects on lung cancer;still the identification of biomarkers could determinate their benefits as preventive or therapy agents. This review describes the RAR alterations during the development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and sets out the importance of several cancer treatments with retinoid compounds.
基金Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) TP Medeiros was granted a scholarship from CAPES
文摘Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) reduces surgical trauma and hospital stay, but requires effective and safe postoperative analgesia. This prospective and double-blind study investigated the effects of analgesia with tramadol combined with either dipyrone or ketorolac on the postoperative renal function of patients submitted to LC. Methods: Pre-and post-operatively (PO), estimated glomerular filtration rates (GFR), obtained by two formulas dependent on blood Cr and one on blood cystatin C values, and tubular enzymuria—alkaline phosphatase (AP), γ-glutamiltransferase (γ-GT)— were determined in well hydrated patients who underwent LC and analgesia with tramadol combined with either dipyrone (Dipyrone, n = 63) or ketorolac (Ketorolac, n = 63). Upon discharge from the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU), pain (through Verbal Numerical Scale—VNS) and need for rescue analgesia with morphine were evaluated. Results: There was hemodilution PO, which made GFR profile analysis more difficult—those dependent on Cr increased and statistically correlated, but those dependent on cystatin C did not change. There was a significant PO increase in AP in the Dipyrone and Ketorolac groups, and in the product of the both enzymes in the Ketorolac group. Upon PACU discharge, the Dipyrone group showed signifi cantly higher VNS scores than the Ketorolac group. All patients received morphine PO, and the total dose needed for pain control differed between groups, but without statistical significance. Conclusions: The association of tramadol with dipyrone or ketorolac in well hydrated patients submitted to LC had similar analgesic effectiveness in the PACU. Postoperatively, the effect on GFR may have been masked by hemodilution, and enzymuria was discreetly enhanced when ketorolac was used.
基金Grant sponsor:Xiamen Science and Technology Bureau,grant number:3502Z20209250
文摘Objective:To establish a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease with depression,and to explore the common serum indicators that can be used to assess the occurrence of depression in Alzheimer’s disease patients by routine blood testing.Methods:120 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into healthy group,control group,dementia group and dementia with depression group,with 30 rats in each group.The rats in the three groups were tested for the basic biological markers by means of routine serum monitoring.Results:30 rats in each healthy group and control group,28rats in dementia group and 27 rats in dementia with depression group completed the experiment.There were statistical differences in the levels of each biomarker in the four groups of rats(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference in the levels of each biomarker between the healthy group and the control group(P>0.05);The levels of serum IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP,and Hcy in the dementia group were higher than those in the healthy group and the control group,and the 5-HT levels were lower than those in the healthy group and the control group(P<0.05);The levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP,and Hcy in the depression group were higher than those in the other three groups,and the levels of 5-HT were lower than those in the other three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of depressive symptoms in Alzheimer’s rats can be predicted to some extent by routine serum IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP,Hcy and 5-HT levels,and it is inferred that the above indicators can be used as important biological markers to assess the occurrence of depression in Alzheimer’s patients.
基金This study was supported by the research grant from Administration of Key Disciplines for"Project 211"of Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Sciences,Grant No.98097.
文摘INTRODUCTIONCarcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA) , originally described by Gold and Freedman [1] in 1965, is now an acknowledged member of immunoglobulin superfamily[2],with a role as an intracellular adhesion molecule[3].Carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9), obtained with a monoclonal antibody produced by immunizing a monoclonal antibody produced by immunizing a mouse with a colonic cancer cell line in 1979[4],is a ligand for E-selectin that plays an important role in the addhesion of cancer cells to endothelial cells [5,6].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30471934
文摘BACKGROUND: The Glasgow Coma Scale,computer tomography,and nuclear magnetic reso-nance imaging have been frequently used to diagnose brain injury.However,these methods do not accurately and quantitatively evaluate injury degree.However,proteomics displays some advan-tages.To date,there are few proteomics studies based on primary astrocyte cultures from a fluid percussion injury model.OBJECTIVE: To detect differential protein expression in rat cerebral cortical astrocytes following fluid percussion injury using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrum and to deter-mine specific biological markers of brain injury.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: Complete,randomized grouping and proteomics experiments were performed at the Molecular Pathological Laboratory,Central Laboratory and Tianjin Key Laboratory for Biomarkers of Occupational and Environmental Hazard of Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force from October 2007 to May 2008.MATERIALS: Inverted phase-contrast microscope was purchased from Olympus,Japan.PRO-TEAN IEF Cell isoelectric focusing electrophoresis system and PROTEAN II Xi-Cell vertical elec-trophoresis system were purchased from Bio-Rad,USA.Autoflex MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer was purchased from Bruker,Germany.METHODS: A total of 90 culture dishes,fully coated with Sprague Dawley rat cortical astrocytes,were randomly divided into control (n = 30) and injury (n = 60) groups.Astrocytes in the injury group were subjected to fluid percussion and subdivided into 4-hour (n = 30) and 48-hour injury (n = 30) groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell morphology was observed using inverted phase-contrast mi-croscopy.Cell total protein was extracted from each group,followed by two-dimensional gel elec-trophoresis and silver staining,and the differential protein expression was analyzed using PDQuest 7.0 software.Protein peptide mass fingerprinting of differential protein spots was obtained by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.The National Center for Bio-technology Information (NCBI) protein database was retrieved by Mascot to primarily identify protein type.Finally,differential protein expression was detected by Western blot analysis.RESULTS: Following fluid percussion injury,astrocytes displayed obvious swelling and increased intercellular space,with some cell detachment;the number of dead cells was significantly greater than the control group (P < 0.05).Expression intensity of 114 protein spots was significantly greater in the injury group compared with the control group (P < 0.05);9 of the 114 protein spots were iden-tified and peptide matching scores of 8 spots were > 61 (P < 0.05).Protein types were identified and included cellular retinol binding protein,brain fatty acid binding protein 7,S100 calcium binding protein A11,60S acidic ribosomal protein P2,calponin 3,breast carcinoma amplified sequence 2 homolog,eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A,and hypothetical protein LOC685814.Western blot detection revealed brain fatty acid binding protein 7 expression in cortical astrocytes,which in-creased with injury time compared with the control group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Results from this study showed morphological and proteomic changes in cortical astrocytes following fluid percussion injury.Brain fatty acid binding protein 7 was expressed in as-trocytes and possibly played an important role in injury repair.Mass-spectrum identified differentially expressed proteins that correlated with cell metabolism regulation,signal transduction,and transla-tion initiation,and could serve as specific biological markers of brain injury.
文摘The source rocks and crude oils from the Qianjiang Formation (Eocene) in the Jiangban basin have been systematically studied in the present work. Supergene hydrocarboholds are characterized by (ⅰ) high alteration ratio of soluble organic matter over organic carbon and middle ratio of hydrocarbon over organic carbon; (ⅱ) high content of non-hydrocarbon plus asphahene in extracts or crude oils; (ⅲ) sulfur-rich crude oils being an important immature crude oil; (ⅳ) alkane showing high content of phytane, gammacerane and marked even-carbon predominance or odd-carbon predominance; (ⅴ) aromatic biomarkers being distinctly classified into four groups; (ⅵ) pronounced evencarbon predominance in alkyl henzenes. In combination of all geochemical data. it is extrapolated that exploration of immature crude oil in hypersaline environment should be noticed.
基金supported by grants from the key clinical specialty discipline construction program of Fujian,P.R.C.the major project of Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology(no.2014YZ0003),The funding body played an important role in the design of the study.
文摘Background:Inflammation has been believed to be related to the development of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(aSAH).A potential biomarker for vascular inflammation that is well recognized is the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2).However,whether Lp-PLA2 can predict the occurrence of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm(SCV)in aSAH patients is still unknown.Thus,this study aimed to assess the value of Lp-PLA2 for predicting SCV in patients with aSAH.Methods:Between March 2017 and April 2018,we evaluated 128 consecutive aSAH patients who were admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University.Their Lp-PLA2 level was obtained within 24 h of the initial bleeding.Factors might be related to SCV were analyzed.Results:Compared to patients without SCV,those with SCV(9.4%,12/128)had significantly higher Lp-PLA2 level.Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that worse modified Fisher grade(OR=10.08,95%CI=2.04–49.86,P=0.005)and higher Lp-PLA2 level(OR=6.66,95%CI=1.33–3.30,P=0.021)were significantly associated with SCV,even after adjustment for confounders.Based on the best threshold,Lp-PLA2 had a sensitivity of 83.3%and a specificity of 51.7%for predicting SCV,as shown by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.In the poor World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade patient sub-group,patients with Lp-PLA2>200μg/L had significantly higher SCV rate than that of patients having Lp-PLA2≤200μg/L.Conclusion:The admission Lp-PLA2 level might be a helpful predictor for SCV in aSAH.
基金This work was supported in part by a NIH grant R15 CA242177-01 to Chen X.
文摘The cancer stem cell(CSC)state and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)activation are tightly interconnected.Cancer cells that acquire the EMT/CSC phenotype are equipped with adaptive metabolic changes to maintain low reactive oxygen species levels and stemness,enhanced drug transporters,anti-apoptotic machinery and DNA repair system.Factors present in the tumor microenvironment such as hypoxia and the communication with non-cancer stromal cells also promote cancer cells to enter the EMT/CSC state and display related resistance.ATP,particularly the high levels of intratumoral extracellular ATP functioning through both signaling pathways and ATP internalization,induces and regulates EMT and CSC.The three of them work together to enhance drug resistance.New findings in each of these factors will help us explore deeper into mechanisms of drug resistance and suggest new resistance-associated markers and therapeutic targets.
