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Community Knowledge and Attitude about Burns First Aid (BFA) in Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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作者 Md. Mazharul Hoque Mohamed E. Moukhyer +9 位作者 Nizar A. Khamjan Bahja Al Siddig Elsie Maguen Shane Alam Abdulrahman Ibrahim Ali Hakami Siraj Yahya Mohammed Mobarki Bandar Hassan Sulaiman Ghazwani Ayman Abdulrhman Alhathiq Lamyaa El Hassan Aziza Mukhayer 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第4期135-148,共14页
Introduction and Significance: Burn injury (BI) is a considerable health issue which is responsible for around 300,000 deaths and affecting about 11 million people every year worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence... Introduction and Significance: Burn injury (BI) is a considerable health issue which is responsible for around 300,000 deaths and affecting about 11 million people every year worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of BIs array from 112 to 518 per 100,000 per year. The appropriate awareness of performing first aid could facilitate to improve the outcomes of burns. Purpose and Objectives: To appraise the community that acknowledges burns, first aid, and associated factors among the community population in Jazan City, Saudi Arabia. The paper aims to identify limitations to encourage additional research and persuade legislators to develop improved burn-injury care recommendations and training programs. Materials and Methods: An observational-based sample survey was conducted among the people who live in Jazan City aging 13 years or more, during April 5 to May 5, 2023. Data collection was done by a validated online self-administrated questionnaire sent randomly to community members in different parts of Jazan City via social media platforms. Collected data were coded and cleaned by an excel program, and finally exported on SPSS 26.0 software. The variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentages. Also, the Chi-square test was used to investigate the relation between different variables, with a significance value of P Results: This study included 243 participants (about 62%) among them were mostly male participants (151) having a university degree. The majority of participants 75% did not take any form of BFA training in the past. This study shows that 69.9% of the participants have inadequate awareness, despite 72% having a constructive attitude towards burn first aid. Previous burn-related first aid training was significantly associated with participants’ knowledge of BFA at a p-value less than 0.05. Conclusion: This study indicates a high frequency of Jazan population having inadequate knowledge of burn first aid despite the high prevalence of a favorable attitude. There is a need to develop an effective nationwide burn prevention program and early burn first aid treatment in Saudi Arabia and promote a consistent guideline for burn first aid. 展开更多
关键词 Burn Injury (BI) burns First Aid Knowledge First Aid Training Jazan City
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Analysis of the Cicatricial Acceleration Method (MAC®) in Skin Repair in Wistar Rattus norvegicus with Induced Chemical Burns
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作者 Marcus Vinicius de Mello Pinto Sandroval Francisco Torres +9 位作者 Aline Ronis Sampaio Karin Yuri Fernandez Iturra Miriam Viviane Baron Patricia Froes Carlos Ruiz da Silva Daiane Paza Maria Elena Silva Alvarez Josefa Jeanette Ugalde Juliano Tibola Esteban Fortuny 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第9期204-214,共11页
Introduction: The cicatricial acceleration method (MAC®) promotes photobiological effects of an anti-inflammatory and healing nature. Its therapeutic radiation is emitted, producing photobiostimulant effects that... Introduction: The cicatricial acceleration method (MAC®) promotes photobiological effects of an anti-inflammatory and healing nature. Its therapeutic radiation is emitted, producing photobiostimulant effects that result in rapid tissue repair and better tissue quality. The treatment of burns has always been a challenge, which involves both performing surgery and controlling and guiding scar regeneration, avoiding possible morbidities. Objective: To evaluate the effects of applying the MAC methodology with an AlGa (aluminum, gallium arsenide) laser on the time and quality of tissue repair in the skin of rats after induced chemical burns. Method: 22 adult male rats were subjected to a second-degree chemical burn on the back using 50% trichloroacetic acid. After the burns, the animals were randomly separated into 2 groups: control and experimental. The control group (G1) received placebo laser therapy and the laser group (G2) underwent laser irradiation with an energy density of 100 J/cm2. Histological analysis and macroscopic evaluation were carried out by means of the paper template method. Results: Group G1 showed (53%) of the necrosis area and group G2 showed (11%) necrosis area. Conclusion: The cicatricial acceleration method (MAC®) favored the repair of wounds caused by a 2nd-degree chemical burn, optimizing time and improving quality. 展开更多
关键词 Chemical Burn HEALING SCARRING Cicatricial Acceleration Method (MAC®) Tissue Repair
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Nomogram for predicting the risk of anxiety and depression in patients with non-mild burns
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作者 Jie Chen Jian-Fei Zhang +7 位作者 Xia Xiao Yu-Jun Tang He-Jin Huang Wen-Wen Xi Li-Na Liu Zheng-Zhou Shen Jian-Hua Tan Feng Yang 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2024年第8期1233-1243,共11页
BACKGROUND Post-burn anxiety and depression affect considerably the quality of life and recovery of patients;however,limited research has demonstrated risk factors associated with the development of these conditions.A... BACKGROUND Post-burn anxiety and depression affect considerably the quality of life and recovery of patients;however,limited research has demonstrated risk factors associated with the development of these conditions.AIM To predict the risk of developing post-burn anxiety and depression in patients with non-mild burns using a nomogram model.METHODS We enrolled 675 patients with burns who were admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital,Hengyang Medical School,University of South China between January 2019 and January 2023 and met the inclusion criteria.These patients were randomly divided into development(n=450)and validation(n=225)sets in a 2:1 ratio.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors associated with post-burn anxiety and depression dia-gnoses,and a nomogram model was constructed.RESULTS Female sex,age<33 years,unmarried status,burn area≥30%,and burns on the head,face,and neck were independent risk factors for developing post-burn anxiety and depression in patients with non-mild burns.The nomogram model demonstrated predictive accuracies of 0.937 and 0.984 for anxiety and 0.884 and 0.923 for depression in the development and validation sets,respectively,and good predictive per-formance.Calibration and decision curve analyses confirmed the clinical utility of the nomogram.CONCLUSION The nomogram model predicted the risk of post-burn anxiety and depression in patients with non-mild burns,facilitating the early identification of high-risk patients for intervention and treatment. 展开更多
关键词 BURN Post-burn anxiety Depression Risk prediction Nomogram model
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A geographical similarity-based sampling method of non-fire point data for spatial prediction of forest fires 被引量:1
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作者 Quanli Xu Wenhui Li +1 位作者 Jing Liu Xiao Wang 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第2期195-214,共20页
Understanding the mechanisms and risks of forest fires by building a spatial prediction model is an important means of controlling forest fires.Non-fire point data are important training data for constructing a model,... Understanding the mechanisms and risks of forest fires by building a spatial prediction model is an important means of controlling forest fires.Non-fire point data are important training data for constructing a model,and their quality significantly impacts the prediction performance of the model.However,non-fire point data obtained using existing sampling methods generally suffer from low representativeness.Therefore,this study proposes a non-fire point data sampling method based on geographical similarity to improve the quality of non-fire point samples.The method is based on the idea that the less similar the geographical environment between a sample point and an already occurred fire point,the greater the confidence in being a non-fire point sample.Yunnan Province,China,with a high frequency of forest fires,was used as the study area.We compared the prediction performance of traditional sampling methods and the proposed method using three commonly used forest fire risk prediction models:logistic regression(LR),support vector machine(SVM),and random forest(RF).The results show that the modeling and prediction accuracies of the forest fire prediction models established based on the proposed sampling method are significantly improved compared with those of the traditional sampling method.Specifically,in 2010,the modeling and prediction accuracies improved by 19.1%and 32.8%,respectively,and in 2020,they improved by 13.1%and 24.3%,respectively.Therefore,we believe that collecting non-fire point samples based on the principle of geographical similarity is an effective way to improve the quality of forest fire samples,and thus enhance the prediction of forest fire risk. 展开更多
关键词 Spatial prediction of forest fires Data-driven models Geographic similarity Non-fire point data Data confidence
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A 94-year-old patient with severe burns: a case report
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作者 Ying Ren Qun-fei Yu +2 位作者 Fei Lu Yao-jing Ma Xiu-qin Feng 《World Journal of Emergency Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期255-256,共2页
Burns often happen unexpectedly and have the potential to cause death,lifelong disfigurement and dysfunction.[1]According to the depth of the burn wound and extent of affected burned body surface area,burns are classi... Burns often happen unexpectedly and have the potential to cause death,lifelong disfigurement and dysfunction.[1]According to the depth of the burn wound and extent of affected burned body surface area,burns are classifi ed as mild or severe.Mild burns usually refer to burns that encompass less than 10%of the total body surface area(TBSA),mainly superficial burns.Severe burns are defined as TBSA>10%in elderly patients,TBSA>20%in adults,and TBSA>30%in children.[2]Burn injuries,particularly severe burns,are accompanied by an immune and inflammatory response,metabolic changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ failure.[3]Therefore,burn care providers face many challenges,including acute and critical care management,long-term care,and rehabilitation.Here,we report a 94-year-old patient with severe burns who recovered well and was discharged from the hospital in a wheelchair. 展开更多
关键词 burns INJURIES SUPERFICIAL
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基于改良Burns撤机评分量表的程序化撤机方案在机械通气>48h重症病人中的应用
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作者 赵华 毕研新 +1 位作者 付茂亮 李钦涛 《循证护理》 2023年第10期1892-1896,共5页
目的:探讨运用改良Burns撤机评分量表启动程序化撤机方案对机械通气>48 h重症病人撤机的应用效果。方法:选取我院重症监护室(ICU)机械通气>48 h的重症病人为研究对象,将2021年1月—2021年6月的61例由医生凭临床经验评估撤机的病... 目的:探讨运用改良Burns撤机评分量表启动程序化撤机方案对机械通气>48 h重症病人撤机的应用效果。方法:选取我院重症监护室(ICU)机械通气>48 h的重症病人为研究对象,将2021年1月—2021年6月的61例由医生凭临床经验评估撤机的病人设为对照组;2021年7月—2021年12月的61例按基于改良Burns撤机评分量表的程序化撤机方案进行撤机的病人作为试验组。比较两组每日撤机筛查及时率、第1次自主呼吸试验(SBT)成功率、撤机时间、平均机械通气时间、撤机失败率、ICU住院时间。结果:试验组每日撤机筛查及时率、第1次SBT成功率高于对照组,撤机时间及平均机械通气时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组撤机失败率、ICU住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:基于改良Burns撤机评分量表的程序化撤机方案缩短了病人平均机械通气时间以及撤机的时间。ICU护士经过培训后有足够的能力主导程序化撤机,撤机过程中病人更易获得护士的全面监护及心理照护,减轻了病人的痛苦,提高了病人的就医体验。 展开更多
关键词 改良burns撤机评分量表 机械通气 程序化撤机 重症病人 护理
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A Rational Design of Metal–Organic Framework Nanozyme with High‑Performance Copper Active Centers for Alleviating Chemical Corneal Burns 被引量:3
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作者 Yonghua Tang Yi Han +7 位作者 Jiachen Zhao Yufei Lv Chaoyu Fan Lan Zheng Zhisen Zhang Zuguo Liu Cheng Li Youhui Lin 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第8期49-71,共23页
Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted significant research interest in biomimetic catalysis.However,the modulation of the activity of MOFs by precisely tuning the coordination of metal nodes is still a signifi... Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted significant research interest in biomimetic catalysis.However,the modulation of the activity of MOFs by precisely tuning the coordination of metal nodes is still a significant challenge.Inspired by metalloenzymes with well-defined coordination structures,a series of MOFs containing halogen-coordinated copper nodes(Cu-X MOFs,X=Cl,Br,I)are employed to elucidate their structure–activity relationship.Intriguingly,experimental and theoretical results strongly support that precisely tuning the coordination of halogen atoms directly regulates the enzyme-like activities of Cu-X MOFs by influencing the spatial configuration and electronic structure of the Cu active center.The optimal Cu–Cl MOF exhibits excellent superoxide dismutase-like activity with a specific activity one order of magnitude higher than the reported Cu-based nanozymes.More importantly,by performing enzyme-mimicking catalysis,the Cu–Cl MOF nanozyme can significantly scavenge reactive oxygen species and alleviate oxidative stress,thus effectively relieving ocular chemical burns.Mechanistically,the antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties of Cu–Cl MOF are achieved by regulating the NRF2 and JNK or P38 MAPK pathways.Our work provides a novel way to refine MOF nanozymes by directly engineering the coordination microenvironment and,more significantly,demonstrating their potential therapeutic effect in ophthalmic disease. 展开更多
关键词 Metal-organic frameworks nanozyme Superoxide dismutase HALOGEN Chemical ocular burn Corneal diseases
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Contribution of biophysical and climate variables to the spatial distribution of wildfires in Iran
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作者 Kobra Shojaeizadeh Mahmoud Ahmadi Abbasali Dadashi-Roudbari 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第6期1763-1775,共13页
This study investigated the relationship between climate and biophysical variables in burned areas in Iran.The fire burned area(FBA)product(Fire CCI 5.1.1),land surface temperature(MOD11C3C),vegetation index(MOD13A1),... This study investigated the relationship between climate and biophysical variables in burned areas in Iran.The fire burned area(FBA)product(Fire CCI 5.1.1),land surface temperature(MOD11C3C),vegetation index(MOD13A1),and climate variables such as temperature,wind speed,relative humidity,and volumetric soil moisture from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset were used.Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between biophysical and climate variables and fire occurrence.The results show that FBA increased by 1.7 hectares/decade from 2001 to 2020.The high FBA in 2010(the black summer of Iran)was due to high temperatures and significant heatwaves that led to extensive wildfires.Although anthropogenic activities are considered a significant cause of wildfires,several variables,including increased temperatures,less precipitation,relative humidity,and wind speed and direction,contribute to the extent and occurrence of wildfires.The country’s FBA hotspot is in the Arasbaran region during the summer season.Temperature and relative humidity are the most significant variables influencing the occurrence of wildfires.The results show the vulnerability of Iran s forests and their high potential for fires.Considering the frequency of fire occurrences in Iran and the limited equipment,fire prevention plans should be carried out by applying proper management in high-risk regions. 展开更多
关键词 WILDFIRE Burned areas Vegetation index(Ⅵ) Air temperature Iran
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EXPERIMENT OF SMOKE-PREVENTING AIR CURTAINS IN HIGH-RISE BUILDING FIRES 被引量:2
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作者 周汝 何嘉鹏 +1 位作者 蒋军成 姜正良 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI 2008年第3期224-229,共6页
In high-rise building fires, the most immediate threat to passenger life and safety evacuation is the smoke inhalation. Some traditional models for smoke prevention and exhaust are analyzed and compared with the smoke... In high-rise building fires, the most immediate threat to passenger life and safety evacuation is the smoke inhalation. Some traditional models for smoke prevention and exhaust are analyzed and compared with the smoke-preventing air curtain. The rationality and the feasibility of the air curtain are theoretically expounded. The air volume, tuyere width and jet velocity in the air curtain experiment are designed according to the theoreti- cal calculation model. Experimental results indicate that the effect of air curtain to prevent smoke diffusion is re- markable as the volume ratio of air-smoke is about 0. 6, the jet angle is between 25^o and 35^o, and the jet thickness is between 25 mm and 45 mm. The efficiency of air curtain can reach 98% on the entraining effect. Meanwhile, experiments verify the theorectical calculation. 展开更多
关键词 tall buildings fires air curtains smoke-preventing
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Analysis of underground fires in Polish hard coal mines 被引量:7
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作者 WACHOWICZ Jan 《Journal of China University of Mining and Technology》 2008年第3期332-336,共5页
In the period of the first twenty years after World War II the number of fires in Polish hard coal mines reached annually the value of several thousands of cases. About 80% of fires constituted spontaneous fires. Inve... In the period of the first twenty years after World War II the number of fires in Polish hard coal mines reached annually the value of several thousands of cases. About 80% of fires constituted spontaneous fires. Investigations into the development of new methods of fire hazard prediction and implementation of new methods and means of fire prevention as well as the introduction of prohibition concerning the use of products manufactured of combustible organic materials in underground mine workings re-duced considerably the hazard of underground fire rise. The worked out at the Central Mining Institute (GIG) new method of un-derground fire prediction allows the correct selection of fire prevention means. The introduction into common use of fire-resistant conveyor belts, the main factor giving rise to spontaneous fires, and methods of assessment of their fire resistance eliminated prac-tically the fire hazard. These activities contributed in an efficient way to the reduction of the number of underground fires to a sat-isfactory level. 展开更多
关键词 spontaneous fires open fires coal self-heating fire-resistant conveyor belts flammability of conveyor belts fire-resistant materials
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Trends in Global and Mexico Research in Wildfires: A Bibliometric Perspective 被引量:1
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作者 Daniel Alejandro Cadena Zamudio Betsabé Ruiz Guerra +9 位作者 José Luis Arispe Vázquez José German Flores Garnica Leslie Carnero Avilés Rocío Toledo Aguilar David Heriberto Noriega Cantú Adriana Antonio Bautista Juan Mayo Hernandez David Castillo Quiroz Norma Tolama Nava Roger Guevara Hernández 《Open Journal of Forestry》 2023年第2期182-199,共18页
In the last two decades, unprecedented changes have taken place in the frequency and severity of wildfires;in different regions of the world, some fires were even classified as megafires. Although there are studies ab... In the last two decades, unprecedented changes have taken place in the frequency and severity of wildfires;in different regions of the world, some fires were even classified as megafires. Although there are studies about the diverse effects of fire, which have made significant theoretical contributions, a comprehensive review of the changes in fire research is required to understand worldwide patterns, particularly in those countries where fire activity is on the rise, such is the case of Mexico. The objective of this study was to analyze the trends in the research on wildfires published in Mexico and worldwide over a 40-year timescale. For this purpose, the Web of Science database, bibliometric tools, and the keywords TI = Forest fire* OR TI = Wildfire* were used to extract as many articles as possible related to fires from 1980 to 2020, without being restricted to those studies whose title included any of the variants of the keywords. There were 8458 publications about fires in the vegetation cover, with a notable increase in the frequency of studies in the previous decade;52% of the studies were concentrated in five countries and 20% of the articles focused on the study of different aspects of the soil. Mexico ranks thirteenth in volume of scientific production and studies in the country have focused mainly on the description of the quantitative relationship between the size of the affected area and the number of occurrences in the landscape, meanwhile, studies on fires and the consequences on the biotic interactions have been little explored. 展开更多
关键词 Global Warming Fire Regime Forest Ecosystems Biotic Interactions Anthropogenic Activities
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A Preliminary Exploration of the Metrical Musicality in Robert Burns's A Red,Red Rose
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作者 罗军 刘芹 《海外英语》 2013年第15期204-205,共2页
The musicality of poetry is a project that has been in great need of scholars'attentions and studies due to its charming typicality,which has been a rarely-visited for a long time.To get away with this intellectua... The musicality of poetry is a project that has been in great need of scholars'attentions and studies due to its charming typicality,which has been a rarely-visited for a long time.To get away with this intellectual sterility and poverty,and highlight the aesthetic universality of the musicality in poetic texts,this paper aims to give a preliminary exploration of the metrical musicality in A Red,Red Rose. 展开更多
关键词 metrical MUSICALITY Robert burns A Red Red ROSE
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Environmental and Economic Impact of Forest Fires in Puerto Rico 2013-2014
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作者 Méndez-Tejeda Rafael Santos-Corrada María +1 位作者 Ortiz-Morales Sergio Claudio-Vargas Oscar 《Open Journal of Forestry》 2015年第4期353-363,共11页
This study presents an analysis of the impact of forest fires in Puerto Rico for the period from 2013-2014. The climatological factors analyzed included precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, and wind. Several... This study presents an analysis of the impact of forest fires in Puerto Rico for the period from 2013-2014. The climatological factors analyzed included precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, and wind. Several factors have combined to the increase of these forest fires, among others, a decrease in precipitation during this period, as well as an increase in the human involvement in these fires from approximately 40% occurs in the night period (5:00 pm to 8:00 am), where the weather conditions do not favor the appearance of these phenomena. An increase in fires of 44% occurred in 2013 compared to 2014, causing an economic loss of $13.8 million. Fire also adversely affected the flora and fauna of the island, but this was not evaluated in this paper. 展开更多
关键词 fires FOREST WILDFIRE ECONOMIC Impact of FOREST fires PRECIPITATION and WEATHER Conditions
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The Translation and Reception of Robert Burns in China
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作者 石梅芳 《海外英语》 2013年第17期145-148,155,共5页
As one of the most popular foreign poets, Robert Burns has been introduced into China since the beginning of 20th century. However the translation and acception of his works has been neglected in some scholars' re... As one of the most popular foreign poets, Robert Burns has been introduced into China since the beginning of 20th century. However the translation and acception of his works has been neglected in some scholars' research. In order to under stand the acception and influence of Burns in China, the translating and reception progress of Burns and his works will be intro duced and divided into four stages accordingly. 展开更多
关键词 Robert burns TRANSLATION INFLUENCE China
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Experimental Studies of Interactions Between Backfires and Coming Surface Fires\+*
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作者 崔文彬 乔启宇 《Forestry Studies in China》 CAS 2002年第1期25-28,共4页
In order to study the convection limits of surface fires and interactions between backfires and main fires,several experiments are conducted in a large space indoor laboratory: in which the effects of ambient wind spe... In order to study the convection limits of surface fires and interactions between backfires and main fires,several experiments are conducted in a large space indoor laboratory: in which the effects of ambient wind speeds and changing temperatures can be avoided.The research shows that:(1) there is a convection field in front of coming fires in which the wind speed direction is toward the fire.In the convection area,the lower part has higher wind speed and when the height is taller than a certain value the convection wind speed is not significant;(2) the backfire and the main fire interact with each other even though they are far apart.When they come near each other to a certain distance,they begin to draw each other.This increases their rates of spread toward each other significantly.For surface fires with a fire line intensity of 160?kW\5m -1 ,their rate of spread increases by 27%. 展开更多
关键词 firest fire surface fire BACKFIRE INTERACTION wind speed field
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Impacts of the Kuwait Oil Fires on the Mount Qomolangma Region 被引量:7
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作者 高登义 吕位秀 郜永祺 《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1996年第2期196-202,共7页
Mt. Qomolangma (also known as Mt. Everest), the world's highest mountain, is situated over the world's highest plateau, the Tibetan Plateau. Because of its height and because of its distance from industrialized a... Mt. Qomolangma (also known as Mt. Everest), the world's highest mountain, is situated over the world's highest plateau, the Tibetan Plateau. Because of its height and because of its distance from industrialized areas, the environmental state of the Mt. Qonlolangma region can normally be considered 'undisturbed'. It is interesting to investigate how this “undisturbed” state has been changing with time and whether it has been influenced by large environmentally disruptive events such as the Kuwait oil fires of 1990 and 1991 (Small, 1991). In order to do this, river water samples were collected from the Rongpu River at Rongpu Temple Station in the summers of 1992 and 1993,as was done in 1975, and aerosol samples were collected in the summer of 1992 at the same station as was done in 1980. River water samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Aerosol samples were analyzed using proton-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) at the University of Fudan in Shanghai. The results show that the concentrations of chemical species in the river water at Rongpu Temple Station were much higher in the summer of 1992 than they were in 1975 and 1993, and the concentrations of atmospheric chemical species were much higher in 1992 than they were in 1980. The environment of the north slope of Mt.Qomolangma was therefore heavily polluted before and / or during the summer of 1992, possibly due to the Kuwait oil fires in 1990 and 1991. 展开更多
关键词 Kuwait oil fires Mt. Qomolangma CONTAMINATION Large external pollution source
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Fire behaviour of multiple fires in a mine drift with longitudinal ventilation 被引量:2
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作者 Rickard Hansen 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2019年第2期245-254,共10页
The fire behaviour involving multiple fires in a mine drift with longitudinal ventilation was analysed. The conditions and fire phenomena occurring were described. The analysis was based upon experimental data from mo... The fire behaviour involving multiple fires in a mine drift with longitudinal ventilation was analysed. The conditions and fire phenomena occurring were described. The analysis was based upon experimental data from model-scale fire experiments. A fire involving several fuel items may lead to flames tilted horizontally and filling up the entire cross section, leading to earlier ignition, higher fire growth rates, higher fire spread rate and severe fire behaviour. Longer flame lengths will also result due to decreased air entrainment. A correlation for the continuous flame length was proposed. The results of the analysis will help identifying and preventing potentially dangerous fire situations with several large combustible items distributed along a mine drift. 展开更多
关键词 MULTIPLE fires MINE DRIFT FIRE SPREAD FLAME length FIRE growth
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Review of state-of-the-art decision support systems (DSSs) for prevention and suppression of forest fires 被引量:3
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作者 Stavros Sakellariou Stergios Tampekis +2 位作者 Fani Samara Athanassios Sfougaris Olga Christopoulou 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第6期1107-1117,共11页
Forest ecosystems are our priceless natural resource and are a key component of the global carbon budget. Forest fires can be a hazard to the viability and sustainable management of forests with consequences for natur... Forest ecosystems are our priceless natural resource and are a key component of the global carbon budget. Forest fires can be a hazard to the viability and sustainable management of forests with consequences for natural and cultural environments, economies, and the life quality of local and regional populations. Thus, the selection of strategies to manage forest fires, while considering both functional and economic efficiency, is of primary importance. The use of decision support systems(DSSs) by managers of forest fires has rapidly increased. This has strengthened capacity to prevent and suppress forest fires while protecting human lives and property. DSSs are a tool that can benefit incident management and decision making and policy, especially for emergencies such as natural disasters. In this study we reviewed state-of-the-art DSSs that use: database management systems and mathematical/economic algorithms for spatial optimization of firefighting forces; forest fire simulators and satellite technology for immediate detection and prediction of evolution of forest fires; GIS platforms that incorporate several tools to manipulate, process and analyze geographic data and develop strategic and operational plans. 展开更多
关键词 Decision support systems Fire behavior simulation Forest fires Geographic information system Mathematical algorithms Risk management
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Spatio-temporal changes of underground coal fires during 2008-2016 in Khanh Hoa coal field(North-east of Viet Nam) using Landsat time-series data 被引量:3
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作者 Tuyen Danh VU Thanh Tien NGUYEN 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第12期2703-2720,共18页
Underground coal fires are one of the most common and serious geohazards in most coal producing countries in the world. Monitoring their spatio-temporal changes plays an important role in controlling and preventing th... Underground coal fires are one of the most common and serious geohazards in most coal producing countries in the world. Monitoring their spatio-temporal changes plays an important role in controlling and preventing the effects of coal fires, and their environmental impact. In this study, the spatio-temporal changes of underground coal fires in Khanh Hoa coal field(North-East of Viet Nam) were analyzed using Landsat time-series data during the 2008-2016 period. Based on land surface temperatures retrieved from Landsat thermal data, underground coal fires related to thermal anomalies were identified using the MEDIAN+1.5×IQR(IQR: Interquartile range) threshold technique. The locations of underground coal fires were validated using a coal fire map produced by the field survey data and cross-validated using the daytime ASTER thermal infrared imagery. Based on the fires extracted from seven Landsat thermal imageries, the spatiotemporal changes of underground coal fire areas were analyzed. The results showed that the thermalanomalous zones have been correlated with known coal fires. Cross-validation of coal fires using ASTER TIR data showed a high consistency of 79.3%. The largest coal fire area of 184.6 hectares was detected in 2010, followed by 2014(181.1 hectares) and 2016(178.5 hectares). The smaller coal fire areas were extracted with areas of 133.6 and 152.5 hectares in 2011 and 2009 respectively. Underground coal fires were mainly detected in the northern and southern part, and tend to spread to north-west of the coal field. 展开更多
关键词 UNDERGROUND COAL fires SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHANGES Khanh Hoa COAL field (Viet Nam) LANDSAT time-series data
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Estimation and Spatio-temporal Patterns of Carbon Emissions from Grassland Fires in Inner Mongolia,China 被引量:1
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作者 YU Shan JIANG Li +4 位作者 DU Wala ZHAO Jianjun ZHANG Hongyan ZHANG Qiaofeng LIU Huijuan 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第4期572-587,共16页
Grassland fires results in carbon emissions,which directly affects the carbon cycle of ecosystems and the carbon balance.The grassland area of Inner Mongolia accounts for 22%of the total grassland area in China,and ma... Grassland fires results in carbon emissions,which directly affects the carbon cycle of ecosystems and the carbon balance.The grassland area of Inner Mongolia accounts for 22%of the total grassland area in China,and many fires occur in the area every year.However,there are few models for estimation of carbon emissions from grassland fires.Accurate estimation of direct carbon emissions from grassland fires is critical to quantifying the contribution of grassland fires to the regional balance of atmospheric carbon.In this study,the regression equations for aboveground biomass(AGB)of grassland in growing season and MODIS NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)were established through field experiments,then AGB during Nov.–Apr.were retrieved based on that in Oct.and decline rate,finally surface fuel load was obtained for whole year.Based on controlled combustion experiments of different grassland types in Inner Mongolia,the carbon emission rate of grassland fires for each grassland type were determined,then carbon emission was estimated using proposed method and carbon emission rate.Results revealed that annual average surface fuel load of grasslands in Inner Mongolia during 2000–2016 was approximately 1.1978×1012 kg.The total area of grassland which was burned in the Inner Mongolia region over the 17-year period was 5298.75 km2,with the annual average area of 311.69 km2.The spatial distribution of grassland surface fuel loads is characterized by decreasing from northeast to southwest in Inner Mongolia.The total carbon emissions from grassland fires amounted to 2.24×107 kg with an annual average of 1.32×106 for the study area.The areas with most carbon emissions were mainly concentrated in Old Barag Banner and New Barag Right Banner and on the right side of the Oroqin Autonomous Banner.The spatial characteristics of carbon emission depend on the location of grassland fire,mainly in the northeast of Inner Mongolia include Hulunbuir City,Hinggan League,Xilin Gol League and Ulanqab City.The area and spatial location of grassland fires can directly affect the total amount and spatial distribution of carbon emissions.This study provides a reference for estimating carbon emissions from steppe fires.The model and framework for estimation of carbon emissions from grassland fires established can provide a reference value for estimation of carbon emissions from grassland fires in other regions. 展开更多
关键词 grassland fires surface fuel load area burned estimation of carbon emissions Inner Mongolia China
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