AIM To test the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori eradication alone can reduce the incidence of gastric cancer in a subgroup of individuals with an increased risk for this fatal disease.METHODS It is a prospective, ...AIM To test the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori eradication alone can reduce the incidence of gastric cancer in a subgroup of individuals with an increased risk for this fatal disease.METHODS It is a prospective, randomized,double-blind, placebo-controlled multinational multicenter trial. Men between 55 and 65 years of age with a gastric cancer phenotype of Helicobacterpylori gastritis are randomized to receive a 7-day course of omeprazole 2 × 20 mg,clarithromycin 2 × 500 mg, and amoxicillin 2 ×lg for 7 days, or omeprazole2 × 20mg plusplacebo. Follow - up endoscopy is scheduled 3months after therapy, and thereafter in one-year intervals. Predefined study endpoints are gastric cancer, precancerous lesions (dysplasia, adenoma), other cancers, anddeath.RESULTS Since March 1998, 1524 target patients have been screened, 279 patients (18.3%) had a corpus-dominant type of H.pylori gastritis, and 167 of those were randomized (58.8%). In the active treatment group (n -- 86), H. pylori infection infection was cured in 88.9% of patients. Currently, thecumulative follow-up time is 3046 months (253.8patient-years, median follow-up 16 months). So far, none of the patients developed gastric cancer or any precancerous lesion. Three(1.8%) patients reached study endpoints other than gastric cancer.CONCLUSION Among men between 55 and 65years of age, the gastric cancer phenotype of H.pylori gastritis appears to be more common than expected. Further follow- up and continuing recruitment are necessary to fulfil the main aim of the study.展开更多
Drug repurposing or repositioning has been well-known to refer to the therapeutic applications of a drug for another indication other than it was originally approved for.Repurposing non-oncology small-molecule drugs h...Drug repurposing or repositioning has been well-known to refer to the therapeutic applications of a drug for another indication other than it was originally approved for.Repurposing non-oncology small-molecule drugs has been increasingly becoming an attractive approach to improve cancer therapy,with potentially lower overall costs and shorter timelines.Several non-oncology drugs approved by FDA have been recently reported to treat different types of human cancers,with the aid of some new emerging technologies,such as omics sequencing and artificial intelligence to overcome the bottleneck of drug repurposing.Therefore,in this review,we focus on summarizing the therapeutic potential of non-oncology drugs,including cardiovascular drugs,microbiological drugs,small-molecule antibiotics,anti-viral drugs,anti-inflammatory drugs,antineurodegenerative drugs,antipsychotic drugs,antidepressants,and other drugs in human cancers.We also discuss their novel potential targets and relevant signaling pathways of these old non-oncology drugs in cancer therapies.Taken together,these inspiring findings will shed new light on repurposing more non-oncology small-molecule drugs with their intricate molecular mechanisms for future cancer drug discovery.展开更多
文摘AIM To test the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori eradication alone can reduce the incidence of gastric cancer in a subgroup of individuals with an increased risk for this fatal disease.METHODS It is a prospective, randomized,double-blind, placebo-controlled multinational multicenter trial. Men between 55 and 65 years of age with a gastric cancer phenotype of Helicobacterpylori gastritis are randomized to receive a 7-day course of omeprazole 2 × 20 mg,clarithromycin 2 × 500 mg, and amoxicillin 2 ×lg for 7 days, or omeprazole2 × 20mg plusplacebo. Follow - up endoscopy is scheduled 3months after therapy, and thereafter in one-year intervals. Predefined study endpoints are gastric cancer, precancerous lesions (dysplasia, adenoma), other cancers, anddeath.RESULTS Since March 1998, 1524 target patients have been screened, 279 patients (18.3%) had a corpus-dominant type of H.pylori gastritis, and 167 of those were randomized (58.8%). In the active treatment group (n -- 86), H. pylori infection infection was cured in 88.9% of patients. Currently, thecumulative follow-up time is 3046 months (253.8patient-years, median follow-up 16 months). So far, none of the patients developed gastric cancer or any precancerous lesion. Three(1.8%) patients reached study endpoints other than gastric cancer.CONCLUSION Among men between 55 and 65years of age, the gastric cancer phenotype of H.pylori gastritis appears to be more common than expected. Further follow- up and continuing recruitment are necessary to fulfil the main aim of the study.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82172649,81873089,31970374,81803365,and 81873939)The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFE0203100)+1 种基金Key R&D Program of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2021YFS0046,China)Applied Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2020YJ0285,China)。
文摘Drug repurposing or repositioning has been well-known to refer to the therapeutic applications of a drug for another indication other than it was originally approved for.Repurposing non-oncology small-molecule drugs has been increasingly becoming an attractive approach to improve cancer therapy,with potentially lower overall costs and shorter timelines.Several non-oncology drugs approved by FDA have been recently reported to treat different types of human cancers,with the aid of some new emerging technologies,such as omics sequencing and artificial intelligence to overcome the bottleneck of drug repurposing.Therefore,in this review,we focus on summarizing the therapeutic potential of non-oncology drugs,including cardiovascular drugs,microbiological drugs,small-molecule antibiotics,anti-viral drugs,anti-inflammatory drugs,antineurodegenerative drugs,antipsychotic drugs,antidepressants,and other drugs in human cancers.We also discuss their novel potential targets and relevant signaling pathways of these old non-oncology drugs in cancer therapies.Taken together,these inspiring findings will shed new light on repurposing more non-oncology small-molecule drugs with their intricate molecular mechanisms for future cancer drug discovery.
