The traditional newsvendor model assumes that a decision-maker is risk-neutral. However, in actuality, a decisionmaker's order behavior is often influenced by waste-averse preference and stockout-averse preference...The traditional newsvendor model assumes that a decision-maker is risk-neutral. However, in actuality, a decisionmaker's order behavior is often influenced by waste-averse preference and stockout-averse preference. We extend the newsvendor model with consideration of averse preferences to investigate how the decision results of the previous period impact the order behavior of the current period, and design an inventory decision-making behavior experiment. Results from the study demonstrate that the order behavior of both a group and an individual exhibits a demand chasing phenomenon, and the former is more significant. Through the interval estimation of the decision maker's order quantity, by the maximum likelihood method we find that the stockout-averse preference has an effect on the decision-making when the prior period is insufficient, causing the current period order quantity larger than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. In a similar way, waste-averse preference has an effect on decision-making when the prior period is surplus, resulting in the current period order quantity smaller than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. Finally, we investigate the formation mechanism of demand chasing phenomenon from the perspective of the averse preferences, and propose that this phenomenon is a decision maker's cognitive reaction to stochastic demand environment.展开更多
This special issue of Petroleum Science celebrates not only the 60th anniversary of China University of Petroleum（CUP）,but also the 60th anniversary of China’s higher education and scientific research in petroleum ...This special issue of Petroleum Science celebrates not only the 60th anniversary of China University of Petroleum（CUP）,but also the 60th anniversary of China’s higher education and scientific research in petroleum science.As the first petroleum university in the People’s Republic of China,CUP played the major role in the development of the country’s petroleum higher education from a humble start to its successes today.展开更多
WHEN Turay Lamin was a young boy growing up in north- ern S.ierra Leone, he daydreamed of a faraway land where the cul- ture, food and language com- pletely differed from those of his home.
正Orders from Europe: Features of Chinese Export Porcelain Chinese porcelain was first imported to Europe by Portuguese traders. However, the glossy ware was not supposed to be profitable and was bought as ballast for...正Orders from Europe: Features of Chinese Export Porcelain Chinese porcelain was first imported to Europe by Portuguese traders. However, the glossy ware was not supposed to be profitable and was bought as ballast for silk, lacquer ware, spice, and other dearly cargos.展开更多
IN the hall of the Yiwu International Trade Service Center. 3g-year-old Senegalese business- man Tirera Sourakhata smiles as he proudly shows a small card he received in July. Thanks to this blue card. he and his fami...IN the hall of the Yiwu International Trade Service Center. 3g-year-old Senegalese business- man Tirera Sourakhata smiles as he proudly shows a small card he received in July. Thanks to this blue card. he and his family are now entitled to social security benefits such as basic pension and educa- tion.展开更多
Emanuel Moses Onasaa of Tanzania hosts a music program on the Kiswahili channel of China Radio International （CRI）. He shares his experience working for one of China＇s biggest media organizations in this interview ...Emanuel Moses Onasaa of Tanzania hosts a music program on the Kiswahili channel of China Radio International （CRI）. He shares his experience working for one of China＇s biggest media organizations in this interview with ChinAffica.展开更多
FOR years Chinese football fans have suffered the pain and embarrassment of watching their men＇s national side fail consistently at the international level. posting abysmally low rankings worldwide. According to FIFA...FOR years Chinese football fans have suffered the pain and embarrassment of watching their men＇s national side fail consistently at the international level. posting abysmally low rankings worldwide. According to FIFA statistics, inJuly the team ranked lOOth out of the 209 national teams playing globally.展开更多
WHEN Robert W. Gituru, a 32-year-old Kenyan researcher, embarked on a journey to the Far East to pursue his doctoral studies in 1999, his ambition was to further his learning and experiencing Chinese culture, But litt...WHEN Robert W. Gituru, a 32-year-old Kenyan researcher, embarked on a journey to the Far East to pursue his doctoral studies in 1999, his ambition was to further his learning and experiencing Chinese culture, But little did he realize what fate had in store for him.展开更多
A delayed chasing model is proposed to simulate the chase behavior in the queue, where each member regards the closest one ahead as the target, and the leader is attracted to a target point with slight fluctuation. Wh...A delayed chasing model is proposed to simulate the chase behavior in the queue, where each member regards the closest one ahead as the target, and the leader is attracted to a target point with slight fluctuation. When the initial distances between neighbors possess an identical low value, the fluctuating target of the leader can cause an amplified disturbance in the queue. After a long period of time, the queue recovers the stable state from the disturbance, forming a straightline-like pattern again, but distances between neighbors grow. Whether the queue can keep stable or not depends on initial distance, desired velocity, and relaxation time. Furthermore, we carry out convergence analysis to explain the divergence transformation behavior and confirm the convergence conditions, which is in approximate agreement with simulations.展开更多
This study assessed the influence of the composition of drug-free SNEDDS co-dosed with aqueous suspensions of carvedilol(CAR), cinnarizine(CIN) or R3040 on drug solubilization in a twocompartment in vitro lipolysis mo...This study assessed the influence of the composition of drug-free SNEDDS co-dosed with aqueous suspensions of carvedilol(CAR), cinnarizine(CIN) or R3040 on drug solubilization in a twocompartment in vitro lipolysis model. Correlation of drug log P or solubility in SNEDDS with drug solubilization during in vitro lipolysis in the presence of drug-free SNEDDS was assessed. SNEDDS with varying ratios of soybean oil:Maisine 35-1(1:1, w/w) and Kolliphor RH40, with ethanol at 10%(w/w) were used. SNEDDS were named F65, F55 and F20(numbers refer to the percentage of lipids) and aqueous suspensions without drug-free SNEDDS(F0) were also analyzed. While the ranking order of drug solubilization was F65? F55? F204F0 for CAR; F65? F554F204F0 for CIN and F65? F55? F204F0 for R3040-with higher CAR solubilization than for R3040 and CIN-the ranking of S_(eq)of CAR, CIN and R3040 in SNEDDS was F65 o F55o F20, F65? F554F20 and F654F554F20, respectively. Therefore, the composition of SNEDDS influenced the solubilization of CIN, but not CAR and R3040. Furthermore, high S_(eq) in SNEDDS did not reflect high drug solubilization. As CAR(log P 3.8) showed higher solubilization than CIN(log P 5.8) and R3040(log P 10.4), a correlation between drug log P and drug solubilization was observed.展开更多
Somalia has come into the international media spotlight because of the high-profile pirate attacks off its coast. But piracy is only part of the Horn of Africa country’s ordeal. Somalia has been embroiled in armed co...Somalia has come into the international media spotlight because of the high-profile pirate attacks off its coast. But piracy is only part of the Horn of Africa country’s ordeal. Somalia has been embroiled in armed conflicts between feuding warlords since 1991, without a central government that can put the country under effective control. In an interview with Beijing Review reporter Yan Wei, Somalia’s Ambassador to China Mohammed Awil called on the international community to help his war-torn country fight piracy, stop illegal fishing and waste dumping in Somali waters and achieve peace and reconciliation. The ambassador also gave positive evaluation to China’s naval presence on Somali waters. Excerpts of the interview follow:展开更多
A high contrast to noise ratio(CNR)is always desirable for contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography(CTA).To ensure a high CNR of the vascular images in CTA and potentially reduce the radiation exposure and co...A high contrast to noise ratio(CNR)is always desirable for contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography(CTA).To ensure a high CNR of the vascular images in CTA and potentially reduce the radiation exposure and contrast usage,an adaptive bolus chasing method is proposed and evaluated compared to the existing constant-speed method.The proposed method is based on a local time and space parameter varying model of the contrast bolus.Optimal scan time for the next segment of the vasculature is estimated and predicted in real time and guides the computed tomography(CT)scanner table movement that guarantees that each segment of the vasculature is scanned with the maximum possible enhancement.Simulations and experimental results show that the proposed bolus chasing method outperforms the conventional constant-speed method substantially.展开更多
0n August 1, a full solar eclipse passed across part of China. I, like many oth-ers, made a journey to see it. This is my account of the experience, for bet-ter or worse.
People’s pursuit of better lives pushes the nation forward The belief that anyone can live a better life in the United States through hard workis called the American Dream. Many European settlers were drawn to the ne...People’s pursuit of better lives pushes the nation forward The belief that anyone can live a better life in the United States through hard workis called the American Dream. Many European settlers were drawn to the new continent by the American Dream.展开更多
Chasing the Chinese Dream:Four Decades of Following China’s War on Poverty Author:William N.Brown Hardcover,224 pages Published by Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.“China’s targeted poverty alleviation is the worl...Chasing the Chinese Dream:Four Decades of Following China’s War on Poverty Author:William N.Brown Hardcover,224 pages Published by Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.“China’s targeted poverty alleviation is the world’s only way to help the poor and reach the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustain-able Development.”That’s the quote on the title page of Chasing the Chinese Dream:Four Decades of Following China’s War on Poverty,coming from UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres.展开更多
基金Funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.26816WTD23)Key Projects of Scientific Research and Development Plan,Chengdu Railway Bureau,China(No.CX1716)Sichuan Science and Technology Project,China(Title:Safety operation behavior mechanism of rail transit dispatcher taking the Chengdu metro as an example)
文摘The traditional newsvendor model assumes that a decision-maker is risk-neutral. However, in actuality, a decisionmaker's order behavior is often influenced by waste-averse preference and stockout-averse preference. We extend the newsvendor model with consideration of averse preferences to investigate how the decision results of the previous period impact the order behavior of the current period, and design an inventory decision-making behavior experiment. Results from the study demonstrate that the order behavior of both a group and an individual exhibits a demand chasing phenomenon, and the former is more significant. Through the interval estimation of the decision maker's order quantity, by the maximum likelihood method we find that the stockout-averse preference has an effect on the decision-making when the prior period is insufficient, causing the current period order quantity larger than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. In a similar way, waste-averse preference has an effect on decision-making when the prior period is surplus, resulting in the current period order quantity smaller than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. Finally, we investigate the formation mechanism of demand chasing phenomenon from the perspective of the averse preferences, and propose that this phenomenon is a decision maker's cognitive reaction to stochastic demand environment.
文摘This special issue of Petroleum Science celebrates not only the 60th anniversary of China University of Petroleum（CUP）,but also the 60th anniversary of China’s higher education and scientific research in petroleum science.As the first petroleum university in the People’s Republic of China,CUP played the major role in the development of the country’s petroleum higher education from a humble start to its successes today.
文摘WHEN Turay Lamin was a young boy growing up in north- ern S.ierra Leone, he daydreamed of a faraway land where the cul- ture, food and language com- pletely differed from those of his home.
文摘正Orders from Europe: Features of Chinese Export Porcelain Chinese porcelain was first imported to Europe by Portuguese traders. However, the glossy ware was not supposed to be profitable and was bought as ballast for silk, lacquer ware, spice, and other dearly cargos.
文摘IN the hall of the Yiwu International Trade Service Center. 3g-year-old Senegalese business- man Tirera Sourakhata smiles as he proudly shows a small card he received in July. Thanks to this blue card. he and his family are now entitled to social security benefits such as basic pension and educa- tion.
文摘Emanuel Moses Onasaa of Tanzania hosts a music program on the Kiswahili channel of China Radio International （CRI）. He shares his experience working for one of China＇s biggest media organizations in this interview with ChinAffica.
文摘FOR years Chinese football fans have suffered the pain and embarrassment of watching their men＇s national side fail consistently at the international level. posting abysmally low rankings worldwide. According to FIFA statistics, inJuly the team ranked lOOth out of the 209 national teams playing globally.
文摘WHEN Robert W. Gituru, a 32-year-old Kenyan researcher, embarked on a journey to the Far East to pursue his doctoral studies in 1999, his ambition was to further his learning and experiencing Chinese culture, But little did he realize what fate had in store for him.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.71071044,71001001,71201041,and 11247291)the Doctoral Program of the Ministry of Education of China(Grant Nos.20110111120023 and 20120111120022)+2 种基金the Postdoctoral Fund Project of China(Grant No.2013M530295)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2012CB725404)1000 Plan for Foreign Talent,China(Grant No.WQ20123400070)
文摘A delayed chasing model is proposed to simulate the chase behavior in the queue, where each member regards the closest one ahead as the target, and the leader is attracted to a target point with slight fluctuation. When the initial distances between neighbors possess an identical low value, the fluctuating target of the leader can cause an amplified disturbance in the queue. After a long period of time, the queue recovers the stable state from the disturbance, forming a straightline-like pattern again, but distances between neighbors grow. Whether the queue can keep stable or not depends on initial distance, desired velocity, and relaxation time. Furthermore, we carry out convergence analysis to explain the divergence transformation behavior and confirm the convergence conditions, which is in approximate agreement with simulations.
基金F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.,Basel(1073861001)Switzerland for the financial supportthe CAPES Foundation,Ministry of Education of Brazil,Brasília(009416/2013-07)for the financial support of Ph.D student Scheyla Siqueira
文摘This study assessed the influence of the composition of drug-free SNEDDS co-dosed with aqueous suspensions of carvedilol(CAR), cinnarizine(CIN) or R3040 on drug solubilization in a twocompartment in vitro lipolysis model. Correlation of drug log P or solubility in SNEDDS with drug solubilization during in vitro lipolysis in the presence of drug-free SNEDDS was assessed. SNEDDS with varying ratios of soybean oil:Maisine 35-1(1:1, w/w) and Kolliphor RH40, with ethanol at 10%(w/w) were used. SNEDDS were named F65, F55 and F20(numbers refer to the percentage of lipids) and aqueous suspensions without drug-free SNEDDS(F0) were also analyzed. While the ranking order of drug solubilization was F65? F55? F204F0 for CAR; F65? F554F204F0 for CIN and F65? F55? F204F0 for R3040-with higher CAR solubilization than for R3040 and CIN-the ranking of S_(eq)of CAR, CIN and R3040 in SNEDDS was F65 o F55o F20, F65? F554F20 and F654F554F20, respectively. Therefore, the composition of SNEDDS influenced the solubilization of CIN, but not CAR and R3040. Furthermore, high S_(eq) in SNEDDS did not reflect high drug solubilization. As CAR(log P 3.8) showed higher solubilization than CIN(log P 5.8) and R3040(log P 10.4), a correlation between drug log P and drug solubilization was observed.
文摘Somalia has come into the international media spotlight because of the high-profile pirate attacks off its coast. But piracy is only part of the Horn of Africa country’s ordeal. Somalia has been embroiled in armed conflicts between feuding warlords since 1991, without a central government that can put the country under effective control. In an interview with Beijing Review reporter Yan Wei, Somalia’s Ambassador to China Mohammed Awil called on the international community to help his war-torn country fight piracy, stop illegal fishing and waste dumping in Somali waters and achieve peace and reconciliation. The ambassador also gave positive evaluation to China’s naval presence on Somali waters. Excerpts of the interview follow:
基金The work was supported partially by NSF ECS-0555394 and NIH/NIBIB EB004287.
文摘A high contrast to noise ratio(CNR)is always desirable for contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography(CTA).To ensure a high CNR of the vascular images in CTA and potentially reduce the radiation exposure and contrast usage,an adaptive bolus chasing method is proposed and evaluated compared to the existing constant-speed method.The proposed method is based on a local time and space parameter varying model of the contrast bolus.Optimal scan time for the next segment of the vasculature is estimated and predicted in real time and guides the computed tomography(CT)scanner table movement that guarantees that each segment of the vasculature is scanned with the maximum possible enhancement.Simulations and experimental results show that the proposed bolus chasing method outperforms the conventional constant-speed method substantially.
文摘0n August 1, a full solar eclipse passed across part of China. I, like many oth-ers, made a journey to see it. This is my account of the experience, for bet-ter or worse.
文摘People’s pursuit of better lives pushes the nation forward The belief that anyone can live a better life in the United States through hard workis called the American Dream. Many European settlers were drawn to the new continent by the American Dream.
文摘Chasing the Chinese Dream:Four Decades of Following China’s War on Poverty Author:William N.Brown Hardcover,224 pages Published by Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.“China’s targeted poverty alleviation is the world’s only way to help the poor and reach the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustain-able Development.”That’s the quote on the title page of Chasing the Chinese Dream:Four Decades of Following China’s War on Poverty,coming from UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres.
