Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese M...Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.展开更多
Background: With the development of high quality nursing service, hospitals put forward higher requirements for nurses’ service level. In recent years, the number and quality of specialized nurses remain to be improv...Background: With the development of high quality nursing service, hospitals put forward higher requirements for nurses’ service level. In recent years, the number and quality of specialized nurses remain to be improved despite the remarkable achievements in the construction of specialized nurses. Objective: This study intended to explore a standardized training mode for nurses oriented by training and assessment of nursespecialty knowledge and to summarize the practical experience of this mode. Methods: The training and assessment program was formulated by starting from the objectives of training clinical front-line nursing staff in our hospital, and the standard training and assessment were carried out from four aspects: the specialized disease knowledge, the condition observation and reporting ability, emergency and severe disease nursing, and perioperative accelerated rehabilitation guidance. These four items are hereinafter referred to as “Four Passes” training and assessment, and it was practiced in the assessment and training of nurses in our hospital from 2020 to 2022. Results: A total of 915 front-line caregivers were surveyed in our study, including 772 nurses and 143 doctors. After two years of implementation, the self-evaluation of nurses increased from (2.96 ± 0.79) points to (3.64 ± 0.78) points, and the evaluation score by doctors increased from (3.94 ± 0.74) points to (4.26 ± 0.72) points. The core competence of specialty increased from (69.22 ± 16.53) points to (85.42 ± 14.44) points. The scores of all dimensions after training were higher than those before training, with statistical significances. Conclusion: The “Four Passes” training and assessment of nurse specialty knowledge can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of managers and nurses in all departments, ensure solid specialty knowledge, improve nurses’ core competence, improve nursing quality, and create a harmonious relationship between nurses and patients as well as between doctors and patients.展开更多
Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the body.For some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training thro...Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the body.For some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced models.Methods The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue specimens.Current VR controllers are limited regarding haptic feedback.Since haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training concept.Results To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic feedback.It is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR environment.On the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test purposes.Two of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard pre-trainings.Conclusions The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in VR.In addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction forces.Major challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic feedback.Mechanical weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent versions.All degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic feedback.To make forces tangible in the simulation,characteristic values need to be determined using real tissue samples.The system has yet to be validated by cross-comparing real and VR haptics with surgeons.展开更多
Background: Simulation-based training is a new strategy in teaching that gives the students good opportunities to learn and apply what they learn in nursing care safely. Aim: This study conducted to evaluate the effec...Background: Simulation-based training is a new strategy in teaching that gives the students good opportunities to learn and apply what they learn in nursing care safely. Aim: This study conducted to evaluate the effects of simulation-based training on nursing students’ communication skill, self-efficacy and clinical competence in practice. Subjects and Methods: Quiz-experimental design was used in this study (pre-posttest intervention), it was carried out on 100 nursing students first semester in 2019 using low and high-fidelity simulators. This study was carried out at College of Applied Medical Sciences-Bshia University. Data Collection: demographic data, communication skill, self-efficacy and clinical competence questionnaires. Analysis is done by SPSS version 20 software. Results: Participants who received the simulation-based training, showed statistical significant improvement in communication skill, self-efficacy, and clinical competence scores after participation in the simulation program (t = −32.64, p = 0.001;t = −19.9, p = 0.001;16.4, p = 0.001). Also, there are significant relation between gender and clinical competency (t = 2.768, p Conclusion: Simulation-based training in medical courses is effective in enhancing communication skill, self-efficacy and clinical competence. Multiple-patient simulations as a teaching-learning strategy in the nursing curriculum are highly recommended.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the influences of entrepreneurship training on the innovation potential among nursing students.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study.The study was conducted in th...Objective:To evaluate the influences of entrepreneurship training on the innovation potential among nursing students.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study.The study was conducted in the classroom at the faculty of nursing,and the“i Hub”center at Ain Shams University(ASU)in Cairo,Egypt.A purposive sample of 42 nursing students who participated in the“Ain Shams University-innovate”competition from the Faculty of Nursing of ASU were included in this study.Data collection tools included(1)Nursing students'innovation skills assessment questionnaire and(2)Innovative projects evaluation tool.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of nursing students'total innovation skills pre-and post-implementation of entrepreneurship training,where P-value<0.05.Conclusions:The results of the current study support the research hypothesis because the implementation of entrepreneurship training positively affects nursing students'innovation potential.Developing entrepreneurship education in nursing and integrating it into nursing programs will stimulate creativity,innovation,and entrepreneurship among nursing students and health care services.展开更多
This article aims at the principle problems noticed in the process of training postgraduates in ophthalmology for clinical skills (POCs). Alteration of the training objectives and training curricula,.as well as the cl...This article aims at the principle problems noticed in the process of training postgraduates in ophthalmology for clinical skills (POCs). Alteration of the training objectives and training curricula,.as well as the clinical department training plans,.will allow POCs to obtain a systematic and standardized education to establish their general attitude toward medical life and career plans. This will help to improve their clinical skills and establish professional ethics that will protect the interests of patients and promote the healthy and harmonious development of the Eye Hospital. Furthermore, the Ophthalmology Center could cultivate a number of outstanding postgraduate students that match its tier, to describe the quality of the training for the master's degree in Ophthalmology.展开更多
The incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in the developed world including South Korea and China.Colonoscopy allows for greater diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared with other types of examinat...The incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in the developed world including South Korea and China.Colonoscopy allows for greater diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared with other types of examinations,such as the stool occult blood test,barium enema,and computed tomography colonography.Therefore,in recent years,the demand for colonoscopies has grown rapidly.New beginners including primary care physicians may help meet the increasing demand by performing colonoscopies.However,it is a challenge to learn the procedure due to the long learning-curve and the high rate of complications,such as perforation and bleeding,as compared to gastroscopy.Thus,considerable training and experience are required for optimal performance of colonoscopies.In order to perform a complete colonoscopic examination,there were a few important thingsto learn and remember,such as the position of examinee(e.g.,left and right decubitus,supine,and prone)and examiner(two-man method vs one-man standing method vs one-man sitting method),basic skills(e.g.,tip deflection,push forward and pull back,torque,air suction and insufflation),advanced skills(e.g.,jiggling and shaking,right and left turn shortening,hooking,and slide-by technique),assisting skills(e.g.,position change of examinee,abdominal compression,breathing-holding,and liquid-infusion technique),and intubation techniques along the lower gastrointestinal tract.In this article,we attempt to describe the methods of insertion and advancement of the colonoscope to the new beginners including primary care physician.We believe that this article may be helpful to the new beginners who wish to learn the procedure.展开更多
This study aimed at a comparison of the effectiveness of social skills training and anger management on adjustment of unsupervised girl adolescents between 15 - 18 years old in Tehran. This research was an experimenta...This study aimed at a comparison of the effectiveness of social skills training and anger management on adjustment of unsupervised girl adolescents between 15 - 18 years old in Tehran. This research was an experimental one with plan of pre-test and post-test control groups. The statistical universe of this research was consisted of all unsupervised girl adolescents between 15 - 18 years old in Tehran. The subject was 35 unsupervised girl adolescents who are assigned to two groups: experimental and control group. Data were collected by using the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS). Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the social skills training and anger management significantly increased social, emotional and educational adjustment on the experimental group (P < 0. 05). But Tukey’s follow-up test showed that there wasn’t significant difference between effectiveness of training anger control on compatibility and effectiveness of training social skills on individuals’ total compatibility. Findings showed that both trainings could be used in the same extent in order to enhance compatibility level.展开更多
Objective:The objective of this study is to assess the application effect of five elements music therapy introduced in the pain coping skills training of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Materials and Methods:Totally,80 patie...Objective:The objective of this study is to assess the application effect of five elements music therapy introduced in the pain coping skills training of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Materials and Methods:Totally,80 patients with KOA were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group(39 cases)and the control group(41 cases).The control group was only given routine nursing measures,and the experimental group was additionally treated with five-element music therapy on the basis of the control group,twice a day,28 days in total.The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)was used to evaluate the functional status of the knee joint of the two groups.The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated by Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.Results:WOMAC score statistically significantly decreased in the experimental group(35.92±9.48 vs.16.17±5.43,P<0.01)and the control group(36.73±6.42 vs.22.53±7.51,P<0.01)after 28 days of intervention when compared with that before intervention;WOMAC score in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group after 28 days of intervention(16.17±5.43 vs.22.53±7.51,P<0.01).The total effective rate of the experimental group was statistically higher than that of the control group(82.0%vs.51.2%,χ2=11.97,P=0.003).Conclusion:The combination of five-element music therapy and routine nursing measures has better effect in relieving pain and bad emotions of patients with KOA when compared with routine nursing measures alone.展开更多
Clinical skill is an essential part of clinical medicine and plays quite an important role in bridging medicos and physicians. Due to the realities in China, traditional medical education is facing many challenges. Th...Clinical skill is an essential part of clinical medicine and plays quite an important role in bridging medicos and physicians. Due to the realities in China, traditional medical education is facing many challenges. There are few opportunities for students to practice their clinical skills and their dexterities are generally at a low level. Medical simulation-based education is a new teaching modality and helps to improve medicos' clinical skills to a large degree. Medical simulation-based education has many significant advantages and will be further developed and applied.展开更多
Objective:Training young physicians in gastrointestinal endoscopy through virtual reality(VR)simulators has become popular.It is important to evaluate the benefits and usefulness of this technology for teaching endosc...Objective:Training young physicians in gastrointestinal endoscopy through virtual reality(VR)simulators has become popular.It is important to evaluate the benefits and usefulness of this technology for teaching endoscopic skills.The objective of this literature review is to understand the benefits of VR technology through quantitative and qualitative examination of learning outcomes.Methods:A literature search of 7 databases was conducted.Studies which compared the effects of learning through VR simulation and another method of learning were included.In addition,studies were included if they evaluated learning outcomes on clinical patients.Participants could be medical residents,fellows,physicians,or nurses.Common outcomes measured across studies included subjective overall performance scores,total procedure times,rate of successful procedure completion,error rates,patient pain or discomfort,and measures of independence.Results:A total of 22 studies were included.Overall,VR simulation training was seen to be comparable or significantly better than clinical training,no training,other types of simulation,and another form of VR training.Many authors reported increasing patient safety,reducing stress and time constraints,and shortening the learning curve as advantages of VR simulation training.However,this form of training is also expensive and may result in the learning of bad habits.Conclusion:VR simulation technology can be a valuable form of educating endoscopy novices if properly supervised during training,and if there is also integration of clinical training.展开更多
Background Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia that can cause severe heart problems.Catheter ablation is one of the most ideal procedures for the treatment of AF.Physicians qualified...Background Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia that can cause severe heart problems.Catheter ablation is one of the most ideal procedures for the treatment of AF.Physicians qualified to perform this procedure need to be highly skilled in manipulating the relevant surgical devices.This study proposes an interactive surgical simulator with high fidelity to facilitate efficient training and low-cost medical education.Methods We used a shared centerline model to simulate the interaction between multiple surgical devices.An improved adaptive deviation-feedback approach is proposed to accelerate the convergence of each iteration.The periodical beating of the human heart was also simulated in real time using the position-based dynamics(PBD)framework to achieve higher fidelity.We then present a novel method for handling the interaction between the devices and the beating heart mesh model.Experiments were conducted in a homemade simulator prototype to evaluate the robustness,performance,and flexibility of the proposed method.Preliminary evaluation of the simulator was performed by medical students,residents,and surgeons.Results The interaction between surgical devices,static vascular meshes,and beating heart mesh was stably simulated in a frame rate suitable for interaction.Conclusion Our simulator is capable of simulating the procedure of catheter ablation with high fidelity and provides immersive visual experiences and haptic feedback.展开更多
By using the skill gap analysis we propose a new quantitative method to plan training courses. By comparing the differences between the competences needed to cover a position and the ones possessed, it is possible to ...By using the skill gap analysis we propose a new quantitative method to plan training courses. By comparing the differences between the competences needed to cover a position and the ones possessed, it is possible to find the cases that need to be trained. According to different situations we propose some algorithms to plan courses and to find the subjects that require to be trained.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to determine variables associated (predictors and correlates) with the learning of assessment and supportive skills in the context of a communication skills training for medical residents. ...Objective: This study aimed to determine variables associated (predictors and correlates) with the learning of assessment and supportive skills in the context of a communication skills training for medical residents. Methods: Learning was measured by comparing residents’ communication skills in a simulated consultation before and after a communication skills training. Communication skills were transcribed and tagged with a computer-assisted program. Potential variables associated with learning (residents’ characteristics, contextual characteristics and pre-training communication skills) were measured before the training and entered in regression analysis. Results: Fifty-six residents followed the training between 2002 and 2006. Poor pre-training assessment and supportive skills predicted the respective learning of these skills. Better assessment skills’ learning was predicted by copings (i.e. lower level of emotional coping), lower levels of self-efficacy and depersonalization. Better supportive skills’ learning was predicted by a lower work experience and associated with a higher training attendance rate. Conclusions: Predictors and correlates of assessment and supportive skills learning were different. Trainers needed to detect certain residents’ characteristics (i.e. depersonalization) in order to optimize assessment skills learning. Trainers needed to be aware that supportive skills are difficult to learn and to teach and may need more training hours.展开更多
Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opport...Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opportunity,employment sector,employment ability,wage income and employment stability between land-expropriated farmers. Besides,though skill training,it is feasible to effectively improve employment quality of land-expropriated farmers. The skill training exerts a significant effect on employment and urban adaptation of land-expropriated farmers. The mode of skill training promoting employment quality was proposed. Skill training can raise human resource level of land-expropriated farmers,and increase their labor and employment skills,to help them realize regular employment and smoothly become citizens. For fund sources for skill training,government and land expropriation unit should bring into play active role. And skill training should be undertaken under the guidance of government and support of land expropriation unit.展开更多
The textile and clothing industry has become very competitive in the world over. There are many players in the industry. The most prominent player is China. Recent statistics reveal that China continue to be the world...The textile and clothing industry has become very competitive in the world over. There are many players in the industry. The most prominent player is China. Recent statistics reveal that China continue to be the world’s largest textile and clothing producer in 2016 (Textiles outlook, 2017). China’s major export markets are EU, USA and Japan. However, rising labour costs and production costs of China will shift production to lower cost suppliers. This will give South Asia and South-East Asia an opportunity to capitalize in their exports. The question is, can these regions in Asia take this challenge? To overcome the challenges, they must be ready with highly skilled manpower. The Tertiary and Vocational Educational Training system across Asian region must be geared to take this challenge of training the new recruits. Can these countries have adequate numbers of skilled, effective and experienced trainers to train the new recruits? Qualified trainers may be in short supply. Then, how quickly can these trainers be made available for training? Half-baked trainers would turn half-baked workers that will not give right condition to meet the future challenges. A recent study by the author has revealed that there are not enough qualified trainers to impart knowledge and skill for those in the textile and clothing industry in Sri Lanka. This can be the case across Asia. It is time that responsible professionals in the training industry should consider about trainers if they are to launch a massive skilling project to meet requirements of the textile/clothing industry. Skilling the trainers must be a priority. It will be interesting to note that there is a mismatch between trainees and training courses. Also, students are not attracted to training courses. So, there is a concern about who should be trained and are they available?展开更多
Pharmaco-psychosocial treatment (PPST) refers to a treatment paradigm combining pharmacotherapy with psychosocial therapy. We conducted an 18-month randomized controlled tracking study to evaluate the efficacy of soci...Pharmaco-psychosocial treatment (PPST) refers to a treatment paradigm combining pharmacotherapy with psychosocial therapy. We conducted an 18-month randomized controlled tracking study to evaluate the efficacy of social skills training (SST) in 11 individuals with schizophrenia on risperidone monotherapy. They were randomized to either SST or non-SST group, and Global Assessment Functioning (GAF) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores in the 2 groups showed gradual improvement. In the SST group, Digit Span Distraction Test (DSDT) at 12 and 18 months showed significant improvement. The Subjective Deficit Syndrome Scale (SDSS) scores in the SST group showed significant improvement after 6 months and showed a significant difference in comparison between the groups. After the subjective feeling of health was recovered, the items of motivation were recovered as a direct effect of SST. Some items of the Life Assessment Scale for the Mentally Ill (LASMI) score showed significant improvement (or significant trend) in only the SST group after 6 months. Items of daily life, work skills, and self-recognition were continuously improved. We report 2 cases in the SST group that had DSDT improvement in parallel with change of action and communication as a change of social function. This study is only exploratory due to the small number of cases. However, we have demonstrated potential improvement in cognitive function due to learning experiences that required working memory and attention, thus providing improvement in social life.展开更多
This research investigates the effectiveness of life skills training on enhancing the self-esteem of 8-16 years-old students with hearing impairment in inclusive schools. The sample was included of 54 students with he...This research investigates the effectiveness of life skills training on enhancing the self-esteem of 8-16 years-old students with hearing impairment in inclusive schools. The sample was included of 54 students with hearing impairment from inclusive school whom their age and IQ were matched. They were randomly divided into an experimental and a control group (27 students in each group). The participants were assessed by Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (58-items version). The gathered data were analysed using the t-test method through the SPSS package. The results showed that training life skills to students with hearing impairment promote their self-esteem. In other words, life skills training is effective for enhancing the self-esteem of hearing impaired students in inclusive schools.展开更多
Laparoscopic skills training has always been crucial for novice surgeons. Readily accessible equipment, aswell as structured training curriculum should be provided to guarantee adequate practice hours and skillprofici...Laparoscopic skills training has always been crucial for novice surgeons. Readily accessible equipment, aswell as structured training curriculum should be provided to guarantee adequate practice hours and skillproficiency. Dry-lab training is typically adopted before animal model surgery, usually comprising ofpurpose-built bulky simulators that is neither accessible nor portable. In this technical note, we designed ahome-made simulator, using two 4 L water jugs as operating space that are communicated inside, plus anobservation hole taped in between to mimic the triangular working space of laparoscopic surgery. Imagingwas achieved via smartphone camera, which was wirelessly connected to a laptop and a projector for realtime display on multiple screens, using built-in multi-screen collaboration software. A self-regulated andproficiency-based training curriculum was adopted. This dry-lab simulator is low-cost, highly portable andeasily replicable for basic laparoscopic skills training for the beginners to intermediate surgeons, whichmay serve as a good way for the standardized residency and specialist training program.展开更多
文摘Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.
文摘Background: With the development of high quality nursing service, hospitals put forward higher requirements for nurses’ service level. In recent years, the number and quality of specialized nurses remain to be improved despite the remarkable achievements in the construction of specialized nurses. Objective: This study intended to explore a standardized training mode for nurses oriented by training and assessment of nursespecialty knowledge and to summarize the practical experience of this mode. Methods: The training and assessment program was formulated by starting from the objectives of training clinical front-line nursing staff in our hospital, and the standard training and assessment were carried out from four aspects: the specialized disease knowledge, the condition observation and reporting ability, emergency and severe disease nursing, and perioperative accelerated rehabilitation guidance. These four items are hereinafter referred to as “Four Passes” training and assessment, and it was practiced in the assessment and training of nurses in our hospital from 2020 to 2022. Results: A total of 915 front-line caregivers were surveyed in our study, including 772 nurses and 143 doctors. After two years of implementation, the self-evaluation of nurses increased from (2.96 ± 0.79) points to (3.64 ± 0.78) points, and the evaluation score by doctors increased from (3.94 ± 0.74) points to (4.26 ± 0.72) points. The core competence of specialty increased from (69.22 ± 16.53) points to (85.42 ± 14.44) points. The scores of all dimensions after training were higher than those before training, with statistical significances. Conclusion: The “Four Passes” training and assessment of nurse specialty knowledge can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of managers and nurses in all departments, ensure solid specialty knowledge, improve nurses’ core competence, improve nursing quality, and create a harmonious relationship between nurses and patients as well as between doctors and patients.
文摘Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the body.For some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced models.Methods The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue specimens.Current VR controllers are limited regarding haptic feedback.Since haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training concept.Results To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic feedback.It is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR environment.On the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test purposes.Two of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard pre-trainings.Conclusions The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in VR.In addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction forces.Major challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic feedback.Mechanical weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent versions.All degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic feedback.To make forces tangible in the simulation,characteristic values need to be determined using real tissue samples.The system has yet to be validated by cross-comparing real and VR haptics with surgeons.
文摘Background: Simulation-based training is a new strategy in teaching that gives the students good opportunities to learn and apply what they learn in nursing care safely. Aim: This study conducted to evaluate the effects of simulation-based training on nursing students’ communication skill, self-efficacy and clinical competence in practice. Subjects and Methods: Quiz-experimental design was used in this study (pre-posttest intervention), it was carried out on 100 nursing students first semester in 2019 using low and high-fidelity simulators. This study was carried out at College of Applied Medical Sciences-Bshia University. Data Collection: demographic data, communication skill, self-efficacy and clinical competence questionnaires. Analysis is done by SPSS version 20 software. Results: Participants who received the simulation-based training, showed statistical significant improvement in communication skill, self-efficacy, and clinical competence scores after participation in the simulation program (t = −32.64, p = 0.001;t = −19.9, p = 0.001;16.4, p = 0.001). Also, there are significant relation between gender and clinical competency (t = 2.768, p Conclusion: Simulation-based training in medical courses is effective in enhancing communication skill, self-efficacy and clinical competence. Multiple-patient simulations as a teaching-learning strategy in the nursing curriculum are highly recommended.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the influences of entrepreneurship training on the innovation potential among nursing students.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study.The study was conducted in the classroom at the faculty of nursing,and the“i Hub”center at Ain Shams University(ASU)in Cairo,Egypt.A purposive sample of 42 nursing students who participated in the“Ain Shams University-innovate”competition from the Faculty of Nursing of ASU were included in this study.Data collection tools included(1)Nursing students'innovation skills assessment questionnaire and(2)Innovative projects evaluation tool.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of nursing students'total innovation skills pre-and post-implementation of entrepreneurship training,where P-value<0.05.Conclusions:The results of the current study support the research hypothesis because the implementation of entrepreneurship training positively affects nursing students'innovation potential.Developing entrepreneurship education in nursing and integrating it into nursing programs will stimulate creativity,innovation,and entrepreneurship among nursing students and health care services.
文摘This article aims at the principle problems noticed in the process of training postgraduates in ophthalmology for clinical skills (POCs). Alteration of the training objectives and training curricula,.as well as the clinical department training plans,.will allow POCs to obtain a systematic and standardized education to establish their general attitude toward medical life and career plans. This will help to improve their clinical skills and establish professional ethics that will protect the interests of patients and promote the healthy and harmonious development of the Eye Hospital. Furthermore, the Ophthalmology Center could cultivate a number of outstanding postgraduate students that match its tier, to describe the quality of the training for the master's degree in Ophthalmology.
文摘The incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in the developed world including South Korea and China.Colonoscopy allows for greater diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared with other types of examinations,such as the stool occult blood test,barium enema,and computed tomography colonography.Therefore,in recent years,the demand for colonoscopies has grown rapidly.New beginners including primary care physicians may help meet the increasing demand by performing colonoscopies.However,it is a challenge to learn the procedure due to the long learning-curve and the high rate of complications,such as perforation and bleeding,as compared to gastroscopy.Thus,considerable training and experience are required for optimal performance of colonoscopies.In order to perform a complete colonoscopic examination,there were a few important thingsto learn and remember,such as the position of examinee(e.g.,left and right decubitus,supine,and prone)and examiner(two-man method vs one-man standing method vs one-man sitting method),basic skills(e.g.,tip deflection,push forward and pull back,torque,air suction and insufflation),advanced skills(e.g.,jiggling and shaking,right and left turn shortening,hooking,and slide-by technique),assisting skills(e.g.,position change of examinee,abdominal compression,breathing-holding,and liquid-infusion technique),and intubation techniques along the lower gastrointestinal tract.In this article,we attempt to describe the methods of insertion and advancement of the colonoscope to the new beginners including primary care physician.We believe that this article may be helpful to the new beginners who wish to learn the procedure.
文摘This study aimed at a comparison of the effectiveness of social skills training and anger management on adjustment of unsupervised girl adolescents between 15 - 18 years old in Tehran. This research was an experimental one with plan of pre-test and post-test control groups. The statistical universe of this research was consisted of all unsupervised girl adolescents between 15 - 18 years old in Tehran. The subject was 35 unsupervised girl adolescents who are assigned to two groups: experimental and control group. Data were collected by using the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS). Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the social skills training and anger management significantly increased social, emotional and educational adjustment on the experimental group (P < 0. 05). But Tukey’s follow-up test showed that there wasn’t significant difference between effectiveness of training anger control on compatibility and effectiveness of training social skills on individuals’ total compatibility. Findings showed that both trainings could be used in the same extent in order to enhance compatibility level.
基金The study is supported by the project of independent topic selection of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2019(No.:2019-jyb-js-105).
文摘Objective:The objective of this study is to assess the application effect of five elements music therapy introduced in the pain coping skills training of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Materials and Methods:Totally,80 patients with KOA were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group(39 cases)and the control group(41 cases).The control group was only given routine nursing measures,and the experimental group was additionally treated with five-element music therapy on the basis of the control group,twice a day,28 days in total.The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)was used to evaluate the functional status of the knee joint of the two groups.The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated by Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.Results:WOMAC score statistically significantly decreased in the experimental group(35.92±9.48 vs.16.17±5.43,P<0.01)and the control group(36.73±6.42 vs.22.53±7.51,P<0.01)after 28 days of intervention when compared with that before intervention;WOMAC score in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group after 28 days of intervention(16.17±5.43 vs.22.53±7.51,P<0.01).The total effective rate of the experimental group was statistically higher than that of the control group(82.0%vs.51.2%,χ2=11.97,P=0.003).Conclusion:The combination of five-element music therapy and routine nursing measures has better effect in relieving pain and bad emotions of patients with KOA when compared with routine nursing measures alone.
文摘Clinical skill is an essential part of clinical medicine and plays quite an important role in bridging medicos and physicians. Due to the realities in China, traditional medical education is facing many challenges. There are few opportunities for students to practice their clinical skills and their dexterities are generally at a low level. Medical simulation-based education is a new teaching modality and helps to improve medicos' clinical skills to a large degree. Medical simulation-based education has many significant advantages and will be further developed and applied.
文摘Objective:Training young physicians in gastrointestinal endoscopy through virtual reality(VR)simulators has become popular.It is important to evaluate the benefits and usefulness of this technology for teaching endoscopic skills.The objective of this literature review is to understand the benefits of VR technology through quantitative and qualitative examination of learning outcomes.Methods:A literature search of 7 databases was conducted.Studies which compared the effects of learning through VR simulation and another method of learning were included.In addition,studies were included if they evaluated learning outcomes on clinical patients.Participants could be medical residents,fellows,physicians,or nurses.Common outcomes measured across studies included subjective overall performance scores,total procedure times,rate of successful procedure completion,error rates,patient pain or discomfort,and measures of independence.Results:A total of 22 studies were included.Overall,VR simulation training was seen to be comparable or significantly better than clinical training,no training,other types of simulation,and another form of VR training.Many authors reported increasing patient safety,reducing stress and time constraints,and shortening the learning curve as advantages of VR simulation training.However,this form of training is also expensive and may result in the learning of bad habits.Conclusion:VR simulation technology can be a valuable form of educating endoscopy novices if properly supervised during training,and if there is also integration of clinical training.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61672510)the Shenzhen Basic Research Program(JCYJ20180507182441903).
文摘Background Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia that can cause severe heart problems.Catheter ablation is one of the most ideal procedures for the treatment of AF.Physicians qualified to perform this procedure need to be highly skilled in manipulating the relevant surgical devices.This study proposes an interactive surgical simulator with high fidelity to facilitate efficient training and low-cost medical education.Methods We used a shared centerline model to simulate the interaction between multiple surgical devices.An improved adaptive deviation-feedback approach is proposed to accelerate the convergence of each iteration.The periodical beating of the human heart was also simulated in real time using the position-based dynamics(PBD)framework to achieve higher fidelity.We then present a novel method for handling the interaction between the devices and the beating heart mesh model.Experiments were conducted in a homemade simulator prototype to evaluate the robustness,performance,and flexibility of the proposed method.Preliminary evaluation of the simulator was performed by medical students,residents,and surgeons.Results The interaction between surgical devices,static vascular meshes,and beating heart mesh was stably simulated in a frame rate suitable for interaction.Conclusion Our simulator is capable of simulating the procedure of catheter ablation with high fidelity and provides immersive visual experiences and haptic feedback.
文摘By using the skill gap analysis we propose a new quantitative method to plan training courses. By comparing the differences between the competences needed to cover a position and the ones possessed, it is possible to find the cases that need to be trained. According to different situations we propose some algorithms to plan courses and to find the subjects that require to be trained.
文摘Objective: This study aimed to determine variables associated (predictors and correlates) with the learning of assessment and supportive skills in the context of a communication skills training for medical residents. Methods: Learning was measured by comparing residents’ communication skills in a simulated consultation before and after a communication skills training. Communication skills were transcribed and tagged with a computer-assisted program. Potential variables associated with learning (residents’ characteristics, contextual characteristics and pre-training communication skills) were measured before the training and entered in regression analysis. Results: Fifty-six residents followed the training between 2002 and 2006. Poor pre-training assessment and supportive skills predicted the respective learning of these skills. Better assessment skills’ learning was predicted by copings (i.e. lower level of emotional coping), lower levels of self-efficacy and depersonalization. Better supportive skills’ learning was predicted by a lower work experience and associated with a higher training attendance rate. Conclusions: Predictors and correlates of assessment and supportive skills learning were different. Trainers needed to detect certain residents’ characteristics (i.e. depersonalization) in order to optimize assessment skills learning. Trainers needed to be aware that supportive skills are difficult to learn and to teach and may need more training hours.
基金Supported by Henan Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of 2015(2015BJJ051)Henan Province Soft Science Project of 2016(162400410041)+3 种基金the Project of Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Henan Provincial Department of Education(2014-qn-036)Fundamental Research Funds for Universities in Henan Province(2014YWQN10)High Level Talent Foundation Project of Henan University of Technology(2013BS058)Philosophy and Social Science Prosperity Foundation of Henan University of Technology(2013FRJH05)
文摘Based on field survey,an empirical analysis was made on the correlation between employment quality and skill training of landexpropriated farmers. The analysis indicated that there are differences in employment opportunity,employment sector,employment ability,wage income and employment stability between land-expropriated farmers. Besides,though skill training,it is feasible to effectively improve employment quality of land-expropriated farmers. The skill training exerts a significant effect on employment and urban adaptation of land-expropriated farmers. The mode of skill training promoting employment quality was proposed. Skill training can raise human resource level of land-expropriated farmers,and increase their labor and employment skills,to help them realize regular employment and smoothly become citizens. For fund sources for skill training,government and land expropriation unit should bring into play active role. And skill training should be undertaken under the guidance of government and support of land expropriation unit.
文摘The textile and clothing industry has become very competitive in the world over. There are many players in the industry. The most prominent player is China. Recent statistics reveal that China continue to be the world’s largest textile and clothing producer in 2016 (Textiles outlook, 2017). China’s major export markets are EU, USA and Japan. However, rising labour costs and production costs of China will shift production to lower cost suppliers. This will give South Asia and South-East Asia an opportunity to capitalize in their exports. The question is, can these regions in Asia take this challenge? To overcome the challenges, they must be ready with highly skilled manpower. The Tertiary and Vocational Educational Training system across Asian region must be geared to take this challenge of training the new recruits. Can these countries have adequate numbers of skilled, effective and experienced trainers to train the new recruits? Qualified trainers may be in short supply. Then, how quickly can these trainers be made available for training? Half-baked trainers would turn half-baked workers that will not give right condition to meet the future challenges. A recent study by the author has revealed that there are not enough qualified trainers to impart knowledge and skill for those in the textile and clothing industry in Sri Lanka. This can be the case across Asia. It is time that responsible professionals in the training industry should consider about trainers if they are to launch a massive skilling project to meet requirements of the textile/clothing industry. Skilling the trainers must be a priority. It will be interesting to note that there is a mismatch between trainees and training courses. Also, students are not attracted to training courses. So, there is a concern about who should be trained and are they available?
文摘Pharmaco-psychosocial treatment (PPST) refers to a treatment paradigm combining pharmacotherapy with psychosocial therapy. We conducted an 18-month randomized controlled tracking study to evaluate the efficacy of social skills training (SST) in 11 individuals with schizophrenia on risperidone monotherapy. They were randomized to either SST or non-SST group, and Global Assessment Functioning (GAF) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores in the 2 groups showed gradual improvement. In the SST group, Digit Span Distraction Test (DSDT) at 12 and 18 months showed significant improvement. The Subjective Deficit Syndrome Scale (SDSS) scores in the SST group showed significant improvement after 6 months and showed a significant difference in comparison between the groups. After the subjective feeling of health was recovered, the items of motivation were recovered as a direct effect of SST. Some items of the Life Assessment Scale for the Mentally Ill (LASMI) score showed significant improvement (or significant trend) in only the SST group after 6 months. Items of daily life, work skills, and self-recognition were continuously improved. We report 2 cases in the SST group that had DSDT improvement in parallel with change of action and communication as a change of social function. This study is only exploratory due to the small number of cases. However, we have demonstrated potential improvement in cognitive function due to learning experiences that required working memory and attention, thus providing improvement in social life.
文摘This research investigates the effectiveness of life skills training on enhancing the self-esteem of 8-16 years-old students with hearing impairment in inclusive schools. The sample was included of 54 students with hearing impairment from inclusive school whom their age and IQ were matched. They were randomly divided into an experimental and a control group (27 students in each group). The participants were assessed by Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (58-items version). The gathered data were analysed using the t-test method through the SPSS package. The results showed that training life skills to students with hearing impairment promote their self-esteem. In other words, life skills training is effective for enhancing the self-esteem of hearing impaired students in inclusive schools.
基金This study is supported by the 2021 Changhai Hospital Educational Sponsorship Fund(CHPY2021B24,General Program,YC).
文摘Laparoscopic skills training has always been crucial for novice surgeons. Readily accessible equipment, aswell as structured training curriculum should be provided to guarantee adequate practice hours and skillproficiency. Dry-lab training is typically adopted before animal model surgery, usually comprising ofpurpose-built bulky simulators that is neither accessible nor portable. In this technical note, we designed ahome-made simulator, using two 4 L water jugs as operating space that are communicated inside, plus anobservation hole taped in between to mimic the triangular working space of laparoscopic surgery. Imagingwas achieved via smartphone camera, which was wirelessly connected to a laptop and a projector for realtime display on multiple screens, using built-in multi-screen collaboration software. A self-regulated andproficiency-based training curriculum was adopted. This dry-lab simulator is low-cost, highly portable andeasily replicable for basic laparoscopic skills training for the beginners to intermediate surgeons, whichmay serve as a good way for the standardized residency and specialist training program.
