As second language learning becomes popular,various strategies to improve the learning process have been suggested.One of them includes the implantation of audiovisual materials(video authentic materials),which then l...As second language learning becomes popular,various strategies to improve the learning process have been suggested.One of them includes the implantation of audiovisual materials(video authentic materials),which then leads to a discussion of subtitle usage and the value of subtitles in second language learning.This essay focuses on searching for literature that suggests the value of subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,in improving second language learning.This was achieved by reviewing relevant research and experiments.The results suggested that even though uncertainty remained on what kind of materials fit what level of learners,in general,subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,were seen as a beneficial tool in developing learners' listening abilities and skills.展开更多
The existing shelf layout methods do not explicitly consider the attention and relevancy of the commodity systematically and thus have failed to capture the invalid associations,resulting in poor sales impact and cust...The existing shelf layout methods do not explicitly consider the attention and relevancy of the commodity systematically and thus have failed to capture the invalid associations,resulting in poor sales impact and customer satisfaction.For such shortcomings,in this paper,we propose a mathematical programming approach for shelf layout problems based on comprehensive related value.First,we introduce the concepts of related value considering both attention and relevancy;second,we give the concept of adjacent utility value and the freedom of placement,and further analyze the impact of the same commodity on surrounding commodities due to different placement positions;third,we establish a new comprehensive related value-based commodity layout optimization model(CRV-CL)and provide the solution steps integrating with a genetic algorithm.Finally,we analyze the characteristics of CRV-CL through a specific case.The simulation results indicate the overall relevancy after applying the CRV-CL model.展开更多
By using biological five points,expert consultation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,the species,phenological ornamental characteristics,and landscape application of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City were surveyed sy...By using biological five points,expert consultation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,the species,phenological ornamental characteristics,and landscape application of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City were surveyed systematically. The results show that there are 42 species of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City,belonging to 31 genera and 18 families,of which there are 5,19,and 18 species of spring,autumn,and common colored-leaf trees,accounting for 11.90%,45.24% and 42.86% of total number of the investigated tree species respectively. It is clearly seen that there are too few species of spring colored-leaf trees in the city. There are 19 and 17 species of trees possessing red and yellow leaves,while the leaves of other 6 species of colored-leaf trees are shown in other colors,and the number of their species accounts for 45.24%,40.48% and 14.28% of total number of the investigated tree species respectively. The best ornamental periods of spring,autumn and common colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City average 38.4,41.8 and 251.8 d respectively. Prunus cerasifera Ehrhar f. atropurpurea Rehd.,Ulmus pumila L.,Populus × beijingensis W. Y. Hsu,and Salix alba are applied most frequently in Lhasa City,and their relative frequency is 18.67%,10.29%,9.91% and 8.95% respectively. According to the comprehensive assessment value of their ornamental characteristics,the ornamental characteristics of 15 species of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City are good or very good,and there is a positive correlation between the comprehensive assessment value and relative frequency. Based on the investigation,the current application situation and problems of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City were analyzed,and solutions to the problems were proposed.展开更多
In order to establish an accurate peak over threshold(POT)model for reasonable load extrapolation,a new threshold selection method based on multiple criteria decision making(MCDM)technology is proposed.The fitting tes...In order to establish an accurate peak over threshold(POT)model for reasonable load extrapolation,a new threshold selection method based on multiple criteria decision making(MCDM)technology is proposed.The fitting test criterion is taken into consideration in the method.For each candidate threshold,the fitting values of several fitting test criteria are integrated into a comprehensive evaluation value through entropy method and MCDM technology.The threshold corresponding to the minimum comprehensive evaluation value is assumed as the optimal threshold.A random simulation study is carried out to evaluate the performance of the method and to compare them with other literature methods.Genuine load data are applied the proposed method.Both the results shown that the proposed method could be seen as an additional method that complements existing threshold selection methods.展开更多
文摘As second language learning becomes popular,various strategies to improve the learning process have been suggested.One of them includes the implantation of audiovisual materials(video authentic materials),which then leads to a discussion of subtitle usage and the value of subtitles in second language learning.This essay focuses on searching for literature that suggests the value of subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,in improving second language learning.This was achieved by reviewing relevant research and experiments.The results suggested that even though uncertainty remained on what kind of materials fit what level of learners,in general,subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,were seen as a beneficial tool in developing learners' listening abilities and skills.
文摘The existing shelf layout methods do not explicitly consider the attention and relevancy of the commodity systematically and thus have failed to capture the invalid associations,resulting in poor sales impact and customer satisfaction.For such shortcomings,in this paper,we propose a mathematical programming approach for shelf layout problems based on comprehensive related value.First,we introduce the concepts of related value considering both attention and relevancy;second,we give the concept of adjacent utility value and the freedom of placement,and further analyze the impact of the same commodity on surrounding commodities due to different placement positions;third,we establish a new comprehensive related value-based commodity layout optimization model(CRV-CL)and provide the solution steps integrating with a genetic algorithm.Finally,we analyze the characteristics of CRV-CL through a specific case.The simulation results indicate the overall relevancy after applying the CRV-CL model.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51568059)
文摘By using biological five points,expert consultation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,the species,phenological ornamental characteristics,and landscape application of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City were surveyed systematically. The results show that there are 42 species of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City,belonging to 31 genera and 18 families,of which there are 5,19,and 18 species of spring,autumn,and common colored-leaf trees,accounting for 11.90%,45.24% and 42.86% of total number of the investigated tree species respectively. It is clearly seen that there are too few species of spring colored-leaf trees in the city. There are 19 and 17 species of trees possessing red and yellow leaves,while the leaves of other 6 species of colored-leaf trees are shown in other colors,and the number of their species accounts for 45.24%,40.48% and 14.28% of total number of the investigated tree species respectively. The best ornamental periods of spring,autumn and common colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City average 38.4,41.8 and 251.8 d respectively. Prunus cerasifera Ehrhar f. atropurpurea Rehd.,Ulmus pumila L.,Populus × beijingensis W. Y. Hsu,and Salix alba are applied most frequently in Lhasa City,and their relative frequency is 18.67%,10.29%,9.91% and 8.95% respectively. According to the comprehensive assessment value of their ornamental characteristics,the ornamental characteristics of 15 species of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City are good or very good,and there is a positive correlation between the comprehensive assessment value and relative frequency. Based on the investigation,the current application situation and problems of colored-leaf trees in Lhasa City were analyzed,and solutions to the problems were proposed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51375202).
文摘In order to establish an accurate peak over threshold(POT)model for reasonable load extrapolation,a new threshold selection method based on multiple criteria decision making(MCDM)technology is proposed.The fitting test criterion is taken into consideration in the method.For each candidate threshold,the fitting values of several fitting test criteria are integrated into a comprehensive evaluation value through entropy method and MCDM technology.The threshold corresponding to the minimum comprehensive evaluation value is assumed as the optimal threshold.A random simulation study is carried out to evaluate the performance of the method and to compare them with other literature methods.Genuine load data are applied the proposed method.Both the results shown that the proposed method could be seen as an additional method that complements existing threshold selection methods.
