BACKGROUND Multilocular thymic cyst(MTC)is a rare mediastinal lesion which is considered to occur in the process of acquired inflammation.It is usually characterized by well-defined cystic density and is filled with t...BACKGROUND Multilocular thymic cyst(MTC)is a rare mediastinal lesion which is considered to occur in the process of acquired inflammation.It is usually characterized by well-defined cystic density and is filled with transparent liquid.CASE SUMMARY We report on a 39-year-old male with a cystic-solid mass in the anterior mediastinum.Computer tomography(CT)imaging showed that the mass was irregular with unclear boundaries.After injection of contrast agent,there was a slight enhancement of stripes and nodules.According to CT findings,it was diagnosed as thymic cancer.CONCLUSION After surgery,MTC accompanied by bleeding and infection was confirmed by pathological examination.The main lesson of this case was that malignant thymic tumor and MTC of the anterior mediastinum sometimes exhibit similar CT findings.Caution is necessary in clinical work to avoid misdiagnosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage(EJAL)is a serious and potentially crucial complication of total gastrectomy and represents the major cause of postoperative death,with a mortality rate of up to 50%.Howev...BACKGROUND Esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage(EJAL)is a serious and potentially crucial complication of total gastrectomy and represents the major cause of postoperative death,with a mortality rate of up to 50%.However,treatment remains challenging and controversial.We report here the case of a patient whose intrathoracic EJAL was successfully treated with computer tomography(CT)-guided negative pressure drainage treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old male patient complained of difficulty swallowing within the last six months.He was diagnosed with esophagogastric junction carcinoma,Siewert II,cT3N0M0 stage II.Total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy were performed.High fever,left chest pain and dyspnea appeared on postoperative day 5,and EJAL was confirmed by CT,gastroscopy and oral blue-dimethylene tests.Conservative treatment measures were applied immediately,including antibiotics,nasojejunal tubes,and repeated thoracic puncture and drainage under ultrasound guidance.However,without sufficient and effective drainage,the thoracic infection and systemic condition continued to deteriorate.With the cooperation of multiple departments,percutaneous CT-guided drainage(24 Fr 7 mm)in the thoracic cavity was successfully placed near the anastomotic leakage.Because of continuous negative pressure suction,the infection symptoms were effectively controlled and the general situation gradually recovered.Subsequent follow-up examination showed that the patient was in good condition.CONCLUSION Negative pressure drainage via CT may represent an effective minimally invasive approach to treating intrathoracic EJAL.展开更多
BACKGROUND: It has been proved that brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) detection can reflect the function of brain cell and its diseased degree of infant patients with moderate to ...BACKGROUND: It has been proved that brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) detection can reflect the function of brain cell and its diseased degree of infant patients with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).OBJECTIVE: To observe the abnormal results of HIE at different degrees detected with BEAM and TCD in infant patients, and compare the detection results at the same time point between BEAM, TCD and computer tomography (CT) examinations.DESIGN: Contrast observation.SETTING: Departments of Neuro-electrophysiology and Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 416 infant patients with HIE who received treatment in the Department of Newborn Infants, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College during January 2001 and December 2005. The infant patients, 278 male and 138 female, were at embryonic 37 to 42 weeks and weighing 2.0 to 4.1 kg, and they were diagnosed with CT and met the diagnostic criteria of HIE of newborn infants compiled by Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Academy, Chinese Medical Association. According to diagnostic criteria, 130 patients were mild abnormal, 196 moderate abnormal and 90 severe abnormal. The relatives of all the infant patients were informed of the experiment. METHODS: BEAM and TCD examinations were performed in the involved 416 infant patients with HIE at different degrees with DYD2000 16-channel BEAM instrument and EME-2000 ultrasonograph before preliminary diagnosis treatment (within 1 month after birth) and 1,3,6,12 and 24 months after birth, and detected results were compared between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of detection results of HIE at different time points in infant patients between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations.RESULTS: All the 416 infant patients with HIE participated in the result analysis. ① Comparison of the detected results in infant patients with mild HIE at different time points after birth between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations: BEAM examination showed that the recovery was delayed, and the abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1 and 3 months after birth [55.4%(72/130)vs. 17.0%(22/130),χ2=41.66;29.2%(38/130) vs. 6.2%(8/130),χ2=23.77,P < 0.01], exceptional patients had mild abnormality and reached the normal level in about 6 months. TCD examination showed that the disease condition significantly improved and infant patients with HIE basically recovered 1 or 2 months after birth, while CT examination showed that infant patients recovered 3 or 4 months after birth. ② Comparison of detection results of infant patients with moderate HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations: The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1,3,6 and 12 months after birth [90.8%(178/196),78.6%(154/196),χ2=4.32,P < 0.05;64.3%(126/196),43.9%(86/196),χ2=16.44;44.9%(88/196),22.4%(44/196),χ2=22.11;21.4%(42/196),10.2%(20/196),χ2=9.27,P < 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that there was still one patient who did not completely recovered in the 24th month due to the relatives of infant patients did not combine the treatment,. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 23.1%(30/196)in the 1st month after birth, and all the patients recovered to the normal in the 3rd month after birth, while CT examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in the 24th month after birth(1.0%,2/196). ③ Comparison of detection results of infant patients with severe HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations: The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination in the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th months after birth[86.7%(78/90),44.4%(40/90),χ2=35.53;62.2%(56/90),31.1%(28/90),χ2=17.51;37.8%(34/90),6.7%(6/90),χ2=27.14,P < 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in 4 infant patients in the 24th month after birth. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 11.1% (10/90) in the 3rd month after birth, and all the infant patients recovered in the 6th month after birth. CT examination showed that the abnormal rate was 6.7%(6/90) in the 12th month after birth, and all of infant patients recovered to the normal in the 24th month after birth.CONCLUSION: BEAM is the direct index to detect brain function of infant patients with HIE, and positive reaction is still very sensitive in the tracking detection of convalescent period. The positive rate of morphological reaction in CT examination is superior to that in TCD examination, and the positive rate is very high in the acute period of HIE in examination.展开更多
BACKGROUND The level of Ki-67 expression has served as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer.The quantitative parameters based on the novel dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography(DLSDCT)in discriminating the...BACKGROUND The level of Ki-67 expression has served as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer.The quantitative parameters based on the novel dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography(DLSDCT)in discriminating the Ki-67 expression status are unclear.AIM To investigate the diagnostic ability of DLSDCT-derived parameters for Ki-67 expression status in gastric carcinoma(GC).METHODS Dual-phase enhanced abdominal DLSDCT was performed preoperatively in 108 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.Primary tumor monoenergetic CT attenuation value at 40-100 kilo electron volt(kev),the slope of the spectral curve(λ_(HU)),iodine concentration(IC),normalized IC(nIC),effective atomic number(Z^(eff))and normalized Z^(eff)(nZ^(eff))in the arterial phase(AP)and venous phase(VP)were retrospectively compared between patients with low and high Ki-67 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the association between the above parameters and Ki-67 expression status.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the statistically significant parameters between two groups.RESULTS Thirty-seven and 71 patients were classified as having low and high Ki-67 expression,respectively.CT_(40 kev-VP),CT_(70 kev-VP),CT_(100 kev-VP),and Z^(eff)-related parameters were significantly higher,but IC-related parameters were lower in the group with low Ki-67 expression status than the group with high Ki-67 expression status,and other analyzed parameters showed no statistical difference between the two groups.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that CT_(40 kev-VP),CT_(70 kev-VP),CT_(100 kev-VP),Z^(eff),and n Z^(eff) exhibited a negative correlation with Ki-67 status,whereas IC and nIC had positive correlation with Ki-67 status.The ROC analysis demonstrated that the multi-variable model of spectral parameters performed well in identifying the Ki-67 status[area under the curve(AUC)=0.967;sensitivity 95.77%;specificity 91.89%)].Nevertheless,the differentiating capabilities of singlevariable model were moderate(AUC value 0.630-0.835).In addition,the nZ_(VP)^(eff) and nIC_(VP)(AUC 0.835 and 0.805)showed better performance than CT_(40 kev-VP),CT_(70 kev-VP) and CT_(100 kev-VP)(AUC 0.630,0.631 and 0.662)in discriminating the Ki-67 status.CONCLUSION Quantitative spectral parameters are feasible to distinguish low and high Ki-67 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.Z^(eff) and IC may be useful parameters for evaluating the Ki-67 expression.展开更多
One factor that limits development of fundamental research on the infuence of coke microstructure on its strength is the difculty in quantifying the way that microstructure is both classifed and distributed in three d...One factor that limits development of fundamental research on the infuence of coke microstructure on its strength is the difculty in quantifying the way that microstructure is both classifed and distributed in three dimensions.To support such fundamental studies,this study evaluated a novel volumetric approach for classifying small(approx.450μm^(3))blocks of coke microstructure from 3D computed tomography scans.An automated process for classifying microstructure blocks was described.It is based on Landmark Multi-Dimensional Scaling and uses the Bhattacharyya metric and k-means clustering.The approach was evaluated using 27 coke samples across a range of coke with diferent properties and reliably identifed 6 ordered class of coke microstructure based on the distribution of voxel intensities associated with structural density.The lower class(1–2)subblocks tend to be dominated by pores and thin walls.Typically,there is an increase in wall thickness and reduced pore sizes in the higher classes.Inert features are also likely to be seen in higher classes(5–6).In general,this approach provides an efcient automated means for identifying the 3D spatial distribution of microstructure in CT scans of coke.展开更多
Medical Image Fusion is the synthesizing technology for fusing multi-modal medical information using mathematical procedures to generate better visual on the image content and high-quality image output.Medical image f...Medical Image Fusion is the synthesizing technology for fusing multi-modal medical information using mathematical procedures to generate better visual on the image content and high-quality image output.Medical image fusion represents an indispensible role infixing major solutions for the complicated medical predicaments,while the recent research results have an enhanced affinity towards the preservation of medical image details,leaving color distortion and halo artifacts to remain unaddressed.This paper proposes a novel method of fusing Computer Tomography(CT)and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)using a hybrid model of Non Sub-sampled Contourlet Transform(NSCT)and Joint Sparse Representation(JSR).This model gratifies the need for precise integration of medical images of different modalities,which is an essential requirement in the diagnosing process towards clinical activities and treating the patients accordingly.In the proposed model,the medical image is decomposed using NSCT which is an efficient shift variant decomposition transformation method.JSR is exercised to extricate the common features of the medical image for the fusion process.The performance analysis of the proposed system proves that the proposed image fusion technique for medical image fusion is more efficient,provides better results,and a high level of distinctness by integrating the advantages of complementary images.The comparative analysis proves that the proposed technique exhibits better-quality than the existing medical image fusion practices.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lupus mesenteric vasculitis(LMV)is a serious condition that may occur as an acute manifestation of gastrointestinal(GI)involvement and is not easily diagnosed by physicians.Delayed diagnosis and treatment o...BACKGROUND Lupus mesenteric vasculitis(LMV)is a serious condition that may occur as an acute manifestation of gastrointestinal(GI)involvement and is not easily diagnosed by physicians.Delayed diagnosis and treatment of LMV may lead to rapid disease progression and can be life threatening.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 27-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain following a history of fatigue and consumption of cold water.Laboratory invest-igations,physical examinations,and enhanced abdominal computed tomography(CT)suggested systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by LMV.She received treatments,such as GI decompression,somatostatin,glucocorticoids,and immu-nosuppressants,and was evaluated using color ultrasonography.Twenty days later,the patient reported no stomach discomfort and was able to consume semi-liquid food.Laboratory investigations showed that inflammatory factors decreased to normal levels and complement levels increased slightly.One year after discharged,she recovered with methylprednisolone being tapered to 4 mg per day,mycophenolate mofetil to 0.75 g bid,and hydroxychloroquine to 0.2 g bid;however,only C3 complement level was slightly below the normal level.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of LMV is essential for successful treatment;this depends on a combination of clinical manifestations,laboratory investigations,and imaging findings.Enhanced CT is preferred,but ultrasonography can be used for prompt screening and follow-up.展开更多
Objective To compare the similarities and differences of early CT manifestations of three types of viral pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19),SARS-CoV(SARS)and MERS-CoV(MERS)using a systemic review.Methods Electr...Objective To compare the similarities and differences of early CT manifestations of three types of viral pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19),SARS-CoV(SARS)and MERS-CoV(MERS)using a systemic review.Methods Electronic database were searched to identify all original articles and case reports presenting chest CT features for adult patients with COVID-19,SARS and MERS pneumonia respectively.Quality of literature and completeness of presented data were evaluated by consensus reached by three radiologists.Vote-counting method was employed to include cases of each group.Data of patients’manifestations in early chest CT including lesion patterns,distribution of lesions and specific imaging signs for the three groups were extracted and recorded.Data were compared and analyzed using SPSS 22.0.Results A total of 24 studies were included,composing of 10 studies of COVID-19,5 studies of MERS and 9 studies of SARS.The included CT exams were 147,40,and 122 respectively.For the early CT features of the 3 pneumonias,the basic lesion pattern with respect to"mixed ground glass opacity(GGO)and consolidation,GGO mainly,or consolidation mainly"was similar among the 3 groups(χ^2=7.966,P>0.05).There were no significant differences on the lesion distribution(χ^2=13.053,P>0.05)and predominate involvement of the subpleural area of bilateral lower lobes(χ^2=4.809,P>0.05)among the 3 groups.The lesions appeared more focal in COVID-19 pneumonia at early phase(χ^2=23.509,P<0.05).The proportions of crazy-paving pattern(χ^2=23.037,P<0.001),organizing pneumonia pattern(P<0.05)and pleural effusions(P<0.001)in COVID-19 pneumonia were significantly lower than the other two.Although rarely shown in the early CT findings of all three viral pneumonias,the fibrotic changes were more frequent in SARS than COVID-19 and MERS(χ^2=6.275,P<0.05).For other imaging signs,only the MERS pneumonia demonstrated tree-in-buds,cavitation,and its incidence rate of interlobular or intralobular septal thickening presented significantly increased as compared to the other two pneumonia(χ^2=22.412,P<0.05).No pneumothorax,pneumomediastinum and lymphadenopathy was present for each group.Conclusions Imaging findings on early stage of these three coronavirus pneumonias showed similar basic lesion patterns,including GGO and consolidation,bilateral distribution,and predominant involvement of the subpleural area and the lower lobes.Early signs of COVID-19 pneumonia showed less severity of inflammation.Early fibrotic changes appeared in SARS only.MERS had more severe inflammatory changes including cavitation and pleural effusion.The differences may indicate the specific pathophysiological processes for each coronavirus pneumonia.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thrombectomy and anatomical anastomosis(TAA)has long been considered the optimal approach to portal vein thrombosis(PVT)in liver transplantation(LT).However,TAA and the current approach for non-physiologica...BACKGROUND Thrombectomy and anatomical anastomosis(TAA)has long been considered the optimal approach to portal vein thrombosis(PVT)in liver transplantation(LT).However,TAA and the current approach for non-physiological portal reconstructions are associated with a higher rate of complications and mortality in some cases.AIM To describe a new choice for reconstructing the portal vein through a posterior pancreatic tunnel(RPVPPT)to address cases of unresectable PVT.METHODS Between August 2019 and August 2021,245 adult LTs were performed.Forty-five(18.4%)patients were confirmed to have PVT before surgery,among which seven underwent PV reconstruction via the RPVPPT approach.We retrospectively analyzed the surgical procedure and postoperative complications of these seven recipients that underwent PV reconstruction due to PVT.RESULTS During the procedure,PVT was found in all the seven cases with significant adhesion to the vascular wall and could not be dissected.The portal vein proximal to the superior mesenteric vein was damaged in one case when attempting thrombolectomy,resulting in massive bleeding.LT was successfully performed in all patients with a mean duration of 585 min(range 491-756 min)and mean intraoperative blood loss of 800 mL(range 500-3000 mL).Postoperative complications consisted of chylous leakage(n=3),insufficient portal venous flow to the graft(n=1),intra-abdominal hemorrhage(n=1),pulmonary infection(n=1),and perioperative death(n=1).The remaining six patients survived at 12-17 mo follow-up.CONCLUSION The RPVPPT technique might be a safe and effective surgical procedure during LT for complex PVT.However,follow-up studies with large samples are still warranted due to the relatively small number of cases.展开更多
The motion of a lure in water is investigated experimentally and numerically.The lure motion in water of apassing water tank is observed,and the periodic motion is found.From the Fourier analysis,it is found that the ...The motion of a lure in water is investigated experimentally and numerically.The lure motion in water of apassing water tank is observed,and the periodic motion is found.From the Fourier analysis,it is found that the frequency with the largest amplitude in the lateral direction depends on the lip width of the lure.To understand the lure dynamics,a numerical simulation of the flow field around the lure is performed.The shape is measured using an X-ray computer tomography and converted into a voxel model.From visualization,it is found that vortex sheds from its lip correspond to the vibration frequency of the lure.展开更多
Objective: Evaluation of peripheral arterial disease with 64-detector multi-slice CT angiography (MDCT- A) and comparison of the results with the results of digital subtraction angiography (DSA), a standard reference....Objective: Evaluation of peripheral arterial disease with 64-detector multi-slice CT angiography (MDCT- A) and comparison of the results with the results of digital subtraction angiography (DSA), a standard reference. Materials and Method: The written informed consent of the patients and ethics committee approval were obtained. The retrospective study group consisted of 28 patients with a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease. Using 64-MDCT-A, the arterial tree of the lower extremity was evaluated for the presence of steno-occlusive lesions that might have led to luminal stenosis. The diagnostic reliability of 64-MDCT- A was calculated and compared with that of DSA. Findings: In the segment-based analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, and reliability rates of 64-MDCT angiography in determining significant stenoses were 97.7%, 97%, and 97.3%, respectively. The Kappa co-efficiency for compatibility between 64-MDCT-A and DSA methods in grading stenosis was calculated as 0.896展开更多
BACKGROUND Peliosis hepatis(PH)is a rare benign lesion of vascular origin with a pathological characteristic of multiple blood-filled cavities in the liver parenchyma.It is commonly misdiagnosed due to its lack of spe...BACKGROUND Peliosis hepatis(PH)is a rare benign lesion of vascular origin with a pathological characteristic of multiple blood-filled cavities in the liver parenchyma.It is commonly misdiagnosed due to its lack of specificity in clinical presentation and laboratory test results.Herein,a case of a patient with PH who was misdiagnosed with hepatic echinococcosis before operation to remove the lesions was analyzed,with an emphasis on the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of PH.CASE SUMMARY We outline the case of a 40-year-old Chinese female who was admitted with aggravated abdominal pain with fever for 1 wk.Ultrasound examination at the local hospital indicated hepatic echinococcosis.However,discordance between imaging diagnosis,clinical history and laboratory examinations in our hospital.Subsequently,the patient was pathologically confirmed as having PH-like changes,which recurred 1 year after operation removal of the lesion.CONCLUSION Our objective is to highlight the imaging diagnostic value of PH.展开更多
Medical images are usually degraded by numerous noises during acquisition or transmission,which often causes low contrast leading to deterioration of image quality.As such,medical image denoising and enhancement has b...Medical images are usually degraded by numerous noises during acquisition or transmission,which often causes low contrast leading to deterioration of image quality.As such,medical image denoising and enhancement has become a paramount routine task.To overcome this problem,we propose a cutting-edge joint statistical and morphological model for the denoising and enhancement operation.Firstly,we propose a statistical model in formulating the marginal distribution of the wavelet coefficients.This model is integrated into a Bayesian inference framework to develop a maximum a posterior(MAP)estimator of the noise-free coefficient.Based on the statistical model,we eliminate the need for noise level estimation,and allows the model to automatically adapts to the observed image data.Secondly,we propose an adjustable morphological reconstruction model to eliminate known and unknown noises associated with medical images,while preserving the image details.After these operations,the image is decomposed into several wavelet subbands to extract the illumination and detail components.The image is then reconstructed based on the inverse wavelet to generate the enhanced noise-free image.Experimental results show that the proposed framework obtained high EME values of 41.04,48.81,47.81,and 45.75 for OCTA,FFA,CT,and X-ray imaging modalities,and performs better than the state-of-the-art methods.The proposed algorithm can effectively and efficiently enhance medical images,which will assist the clinicians in disease diagnosis,monitoring,and treatment.展开更多
The autopsy and histopathologic examination are traditional and classic approaches in forensic pathology.In recent years,with the tremendous progresses of computer technology and medical imaging technology,the develop...The autopsy and histopathologic examination are traditional and classic approaches in forensic pathology.In recent years,with the tremendous progresses of computer technology and medical imaging technology,the developed post-mortem computer tomography,post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging and other new methods provide non-invasive,intuitive,high-precision examining methods and research tools for the forensic pathology.As a result,the reconstruction of the injury as well as the analysis of injury mechanism has been essentially achieved.Such methods have become popular in the research field of forensic science and related work has also been carried out in China.This paper reviews the development and application of abovementioned post-mortem forensic imaging methods in China based on the relevant literature.展开更多
The objective of this research was to explore the feasibility and clinical application of a new diagnostic imaging method for the diagnosis and treatment of iliac vein compression(IVC)based on three-dimensional(3D)dig...The objective of this research was to explore the feasibility and clinical application of a new diagnostic imaging method for the diagnosis and treatment of iliac vein compression(IVC)based on three-dimensional(3D)digital reconstruction and printing.This study included patients with chronic venous disease(CVD)who were admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,from January to March,2019,and underwent computed tomography venography(CTV)to detect IVC.CTV findings were used to reconstruct 3D-printed models of blood vessels.A total of 17 patients(5 men and 12 women)with IVC,who were primarily diagnosed with CTV,were included in this study.In addition,24 significant venous compression sites were found in 17 patients,of which 7 patients had only one compression site(41.2%),nine patients had two compression sites(52.9%),and one patient had three compression sites(5.9%).3D digital reconstruction and printing is a convenient,noninvasive,and accurate diagnostic imaging method that provides a clear and accurate evaluation of veins and arteries,as well as the anatomical positional relationship for the diagnosis and treatment of IVC.展开更多
Aim:To evaluate the diagnostic value of technetium Tc99m-tetrofosmin(^(99m)Tc-TF)in primary cancers of the head and neck.Methods:Single photon emission computer tomography with planar imaging of the neck for primary s...Aim:To evaluate the diagnostic value of technetium Tc99m-tetrofosmin(^(99m)Tc-TF)in primary cancers of the head and neck.Methods:Single photon emission computer tomography with planar imaging of the neck for primary site evaluation and whole body scanning for assessment of metastases in 12 patients with newly diagnosed head and neck cancer.Tumor-to-background index(T/Bg)was derived in patients with positive findings(tumor or lymph nodes).Results:The tomographic images showed increased tracer uptake in pathological sites(primary tumor or lymph node)in 9 patients(overall sensitivity 75%).Primary tumor was visualised in 7 patients(sensitivity 58%)and infiltrated lymph nodes in 4 out 7 patients(sensitivity 57%).Mean values for T/Bg index were 5.44±1.28 for primary tumor and 4.25±1.67 for lymph nodes.Mean values for T/Bg index were 4.5±0.71 for patients with in situ and grade I carcinoma and 6.68±0.36 for patients with tumor grade II and III(P=0.034,Mann-Whitney U test).Conclusion:The present study demonstrates that ^(99m)Tc-TF is a valuable radiotracer for head and neck cancer imaging.To determine the potential role of this imaging protocol in clinical practice will require a larger sample size.展开更多
Background:The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has put radiologists at a higher risk of infection during the computer tomography(CT)examination for the patients.To help settling these problems,we ad...Background:The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has put radiologists at a higher risk of infection during the computer tomography(CT)examination for the patients.To help settling these problems,we adopted a remote-enabled and automated contactless imaging workflow for CT examination by the combination of intelligent guided robot and automatic positioning technology to reduce the potential exposure of radiologists to 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)infection and to increase the examination efficiency,patient scanning accuracy and better image quality in chest CT imaging.Methods:From February 10 to April 12,2020,adult COVID-19 patients underwent chest CT examinations on a CT scanner using the same scan protocol except with the conventional imaging workflow(CW group)or an automatic contactless imaging workflow(AW group)in Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital(China)were retrospectively and prospectively enrolled in this study.The total examination time in two groups was recorded and compared.The patient compliance of breath holding,positioning accuracy,image noise and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)were assessed by three experienced radiologists and compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the CW group,the total positioning time of the AW group was reduced((118.0±20.0)s vs.(129.0±29.0)s,P=0.001),the proportion of scanning accuracy was higher(98%vs.93%),and the lung length had a significant difference((0.90±1.24)cm vs.(1.16±1.49)cm,P=0.009).For the lesions located in the pulmonary centrilobular and subpleural regions,the image noise in the AW group was significantly lower than that in the CW group(centrilobular region:(140.4±78.6)HU vs.(153.8±72.7)HU,P=0.028;subpleural region:(140.6±80.8)HU vs.(159.4±82.7)HU,P=0.010).For the lesions located in the peripheral,centrilobular and subpleural regions,SNR was significantly higher in the AW group than in the CW group(centrilobular region:6.6±4.3 vs.4.9±3.7,P=0.006;subpleural region:6.4±4.4 vs.4.8±4.0,P<0.001).Conclusions:The automatic contactless imaging workflow using intelligent guided robot and automatic posi-tioning technology allows for reducing the examination time and improving the patient’s compliance of breath holding,positioning accuracy and image quality in chest CT imaging.展开更多
The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System(LI-RADS)provides a stepwise algorithmic approach that is proven to be highly accurate in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients at risk.An essential and early s...The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System(LI-RADS)provides a stepwise algorithmic approach that is proven to be highly accurate in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients at risk.An essential and early step in the algorithm is the diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC,such as cholangiocarcinoma and combined tumors,by application of LR-M features and criteria.The LR-M category captures most non-HCC malignancies and some atypical HCCs.The exclusion of non-HCC malignancies is important for maintaining the high specificity of the LR-5,definite HCC category.This review provides an overview of the approach to diagnosing non-HCC malignancies using LI-RADS CT/MRI and contrast enhanced ultrasound algorithms.展开更多
Objective: In order to reduce the effective dose level of the patients to explore the best scanning conditions, various factors affecting the level of PET/CT examination were analyzed. Methods: The effective doses of ...Objective: In order to reduce the effective dose level of the patients to explore the best scanning conditions, various factors affecting the level of PET/CT examination were analyzed. Methods: The effective doses of CT and pet were calculated respectively during PET/CT examination, Scanning parameters of CT and PET were optimized to reduce the effective dose of patients to a minimum while maintaining the image quality. Results: The tube voltage and tube current of CT, the injection dose during PET examination can affect the effective dose of the patients significantly. Conclusion: According to different types of patients and diseases to develop personalized scanning program, the effective dose level of the patients can be significantly reduced.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Multilocular thymic cyst(MTC)is a rare mediastinal lesion which is considered to occur in the process of acquired inflammation.It is usually characterized by well-defined cystic density and is filled with transparent liquid.CASE SUMMARY We report on a 39-year-old male with a cystic-solid mass in the anterior mediastinum.Computer tomography(CT)imaging showed that the mass was irregular with unclear boundaries.After injection of contrast agent,there was a slight enhancement of stripes and nodules.According to CT findings,it was diagnosed as thymic cancer.CONCLUSION After surgery,MTC accompanied by bleeding and infection was confirmed by pathological examination.The main lesson of this case was that malignant thymic tumor and MTC of the anterior mediastinum sometimes exhibit similar CT findings.Caution is necessary in clinical work to avoid misdiagnosis.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.H0306/81100254.
文摘BACKGROUND Esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage(EJAL)is a serious and potentially crucial complication of total gastrectomy and represents the major cause of postoperative death,with a mortality rate of up to 50%.However,treatment remains challenging and controversial.We report here the case of a patient whose intrathoracic EJAL was successfully treated with computer tomography(CT)-guided negative pressure drainage treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old male patient complained of difficulty swallowing within the last six months.He was diagnosed with esophagogastric junction carcinoma,Siewert II,cT3N0M0 stage II.Total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy were performed.High fever,left chest pain and dyspnea appeared on postoperative day 5,and EJAL was confirmed by CT,gastroscopy and oral blue-dimethylene tests.Conservative treatment measures were applied immediately,including antibiotics,nasojejunal tubes,and repeated thoracic puncture and drainage under ultrasound guidance.However,without sufficient and effective drainage,the thoracic infection and systemic condition continued to deteriorate.With the cooperation of multiple departments,percutaneous CT-guided drainage(24 Fr 7 mm)in the thoracic cavity was successfully placed near the anastomotic leakage.Because of continuous negative pressure suction,the infection symptoms were effectively controlled and the general situation gradually recovered.Subsequent follow-up examination showed that the patient was in good condition.CONCLUSION Negative pressure drainage via CT may represent an effective minimally invasive approach to treating intrathoracic EJAL.
文摘BACKGROUND: It has been proved that brain electrical activity mapping (BEAM) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) detection can reflect the function of brain cell and its diseased degree of infant patients with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).OBJECTIVE: To observe the abnormal results of HIE at different degrees detected with BEAM and TCD in infant patients, and compare the detection results at the same time point between BEAM, TCD and computer tomography (CT) examinations.DESIGN: Contrast observation.SETTING: Departments of Neuro-electrophysiology and Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 416 infant patients with HIE who received treatment in the Department of Newborn Infants, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College during January 2001 and December 2005. The infant patients, 278 male and 138 female, were at embryonic 37 to 42 weeks and weighing 2.0 to 4.1 kg, and they were diagnosed with CT and met the diagnostic criteria of HIE of newborn infants compiled by Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Academy, Chinese Medical Association. According to diagnostic criteria, 130 patients were mild abnormal, 196 moderate abnormal and 90 severe abnormal. The relatives of all the infant patients were informed of the experiment. METHODS: BEAM and TCD examinations were performed in the involved 416 infant patients with HIE at different degrees with DYD2000 16-channel BEAM instrument and EME-2000 ultrasonograph before preliminary diagnosis treatment (within 1 month after birth) and 1,3,6,12 and 24 months after birth, and detected results were compared between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of detection results of HIE at different time points in infant patients between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations.RESULTS: All the 416 infant patients with HIE participated in the result analysis. ① Comparison of the detected results in infant patients with mild HIE at different time points after birth between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations: BEAM examination showed that the recovery was delayed, and the abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1 and 3 months after birth [55.4%(72/130)vs. 17.0%(22/130),χ2=41.66;29.2%(38/130) vs. 6.2%(8/130),χ2=23.77,P < 0.01], exceptional patients had mild abnormality and reached the normal level in about 6 months. TCD examination showed that the disease condition significantly improved and infant patients with HIE basically recovered 1 or 2 months after birth, while CT examination showed that infant patients recovered 3 or 4 months after birth. ② Comparison of detection results of infant patients with moderate HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations: The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1,3,6 and 12 months after birth [90.8%(178/196),78.6%(154/196),χ2=4.32,P < 0.05;64.3%(126/196),43.9%(86/196),χ2=16.44;44.9%(88/196),22.4%(44/196),χ2=22.11;21.4%(42/196),10.2%(20/196),χ2=9.27,P < 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that there was still one patient who did not completely recovered in the 24th month due to the relatives of infant patients did not combine the treatment,. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 23.1%(30/196)in the 1st month after birth, and all the patients recovered to the normal in the 3rd month after birth, while CT examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in the 24th month after birth(1.0%,2/196). ③ Comparison of detection results of infant patients with severe HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations: The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination in the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th months after birth[86.7%(78/90),44.4%(40/90),χ2=35.53;62.2%(56/90),31.1%(28/90),χ2=17.51;37.8%(34/90),6.7%(6/90),χ2=27.14,P < 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in 4 infant patients in the 24th month after birth. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 11.1% (10/90) in the 3rd month after birth, and all the infant patients recovered in the 6th month after birth. CT examination showed that the abnormal rate was 6.7%(6/90) in the 12th month after birth, and all of infant patients recovered to the normal in the 24th month after birth.CONCLUSION: BEAM is the direct index to detect brain function of infant patients with HIE, and positive reaction is still very sensitive in the tracking detection of convalescent period. The positive rate of morphological reaction in CT examination is superior to that in TCD examination, and the positive rate is very high in the acute period of HIE in examination.
文摘BACKGROUND The level of Ki-67 expression has served as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer.The quantitative parameters based on the novel dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography(DLSDCT)in discriminating the Ki-67 expression status are unclear.AIM To investigate the diagnostic ability of DLSDCT-derived parameters for Ki-67 expression status in gastric carcinoma(GC).METHODS Dual-phase enhanced abdominal DLSDCT was performed preoperatively in 108 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.Primary tumor monoenergetic CT attenuation value at 40-100 kilo electron volt(kev),the slope of the spectral curve(λ_(HU)),iodine concentration(IC),normalized IC(nIC),effective atomic number(Z^(eff))and normalized Z^(eff)(nZ^(eff))in the arterial phase(AP)and venous phase(VP)were retrospectively compared between patients with low and high Ki-67 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the association between the above parameters and Ki-67 expression status.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the statistically significant parameters between two groups.RESULTS Thirty-seven and 71 patients were classified as having low and high Ki-67 expression,respectively.CT_(40 kev-VP),CT_(70 kev-VP),CT_(100 kev-VP),and Z^(eff)-related parameters were significantly higher,but IC-related parameters were lower in the group with low Ki-67 expression status than the group with high Ki-67 expression status,and other analyzed parameters showed no statistical difference between the two groups.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that CT_(40 kev-VP),CT_(70 kev-VP),CT_(100 kev-VP),Z^(eff),and n Z^(eff) exhibited a negative correlation with Ki-67 status,whereas IC and nIC had positive correlation with Ki-67 status.The ROC analysis demonstrated that the multi-variable model of spectral parameters performed well in identifying the Ki-67 status[area under the curve(AUC)=0.967;sensitivity 95.77%;specificity 91.89%)].Nevertheless,the differentiating capabilities of singlevariable model were moderate(AUC value 0.630-0.835).In addition,the nZ_(VP)^(eff) and nIC_(VP)(AUC 0.835 and 0.805)showed better performance than CT_(40 kev-VP),CT_(70 kev-VP) and CT_(100 kev-VP)(AUC 0.630,0.631 and 0.662)in discriminating the Ki-67 status.CONCLUSION Quantitative spectral parameters are feasible to distinguish low and high Ki-67 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.Z^(eff) and IC may be useful parameters for evaluating the Ki-67 expression.
基金the Australian Coal Industry's Research Program(ACARP)-Grant Number C29073.
文摘One factor that limits development of fundamental research on the infuence of coke microstructure on its strength is the difculty in quantifying the way that microstructure is both classifed and distributed in three dimensions.To support such fundamental studies,this study evaluated a novel volumetric approach for classifying small(approx.450μm^(3))blocks of coke microstructure from 3D computed tomography scans.An automated process for classifying microstructure blocks was described.It is based on Landmark Multi-Dimensional Scaling and uses the Bhattacharyya metric and k-means clustering.The approach was evaluated using 27 coke samples across a range of coke with diferent properties and reliably identifed 6 ordered class of coke microstructure based on the distribution of voxel intensities associated with structural density.The lower class(1–2)subblocks tend to be dominated by pores and thin walls.Typically,there is an increase in wall thickness and reduced pore sizes in the higher classes.Inert features are also likely to be seen in higher classes(5–6).In general,this approach provides an efcient automated means for identifying the 3D spatial distribution of microstructure in CT scans of coke.
文摘Medical Image Fusion is the synthesizing technology for fusing multi-modal medical information using mathematical procedures to generate better visual on the image content and high-quality image output.Medical image fusion represents an indispensible role infixing major solutions for the complicated medical predicaments,while the recent research results have an enhanced affinity towards the preservation of medical image details,leaving color distortion and halo artifacts to remain unaddressed.This paper proposes a novel method of fusing Computer Tomography(CT)and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)using a hybrid model of Non Sub-sampled Contourlet Transform(NSCT)and Joint Sparse Representation(JSR).This model gratifies the need for precise integration of medical images of different modalities,which is an essential requirement in the diagnosing process towards clinical activities and treating the patients accordingly.In the proposed model,the medical image is decomposed using NSCT which is an efficient shift variant decomposition transformation method.JSR is exercised to extricate the common features of the medical image for the fusion process.The performance analysis of the proposed system proves that the proposed image fusion technique for medical image fusion is more efficient,provides better results,and a high level of distinctness by integrating the advantages of complementary images.The comparative analysis proves that the proposed technique exhibits better-quality than the existing medical image fusion practices.
文摘BACKGROUND Lupus mesenteric vasculitis(LMV)is a serious condition that may occur as an acute manifestation of gastrointestinal(GI)involvement and is not easily diagnosed by physicians.Delayed diagnosis and treatment of LMV may lead to rapid disease progression and can be life threatening.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 27-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain following a history of fatigue and consumption of cold water.Laboratory invest-igations,physical examinations,and enhanced abdominal computed tomography(CT)suggested systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by LMV.She received treatments,such as GI decompression,somatostatin,glucocorticoids,and immu-nosuppressants,and was evaluated using color ultrasonography.Twenty days later,the patient reported no stomach discomfort and was able to consume semi-liquid food.Laboratory investigations showed that inflammatory factors decreased to normal levels and complement levels increased slightly.One year after discharged,she recovered with methylprednisolone being tapered to 4 mg per day,mycophenolate mofetil to 0.75 g bid,and hydroxychloroquine to 0.2 g bid;however,only C3 complement level was slightly below the normal level.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of LMV is essential for successful treatment;this depends on a combination of clinical manifestations,laboratory investigations,and imaging findings.Enhanced CT is preferred,but ultrasonography can be used for prompt screening and follow-up.
文摘Objective To compare the similarities and differences of early CT manifestations of three types of viral pneumonia induced by SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19),SARS-CoV(SARS)and MERS-CoV(MERS)using a systemic review.Methods Electronic database were searched to identify all original articles and case reports presenting chest CT features for adult patients with COVID-19,SARS and MERS pneumonia respectively.Quality of literature and completeness of presented data were evaluated by consensus reached by three radiologists.Vote-counting method was employed to include cases of each group.Data of patients’manifestations in early chest CT including lesion patterns,distribution of lesions and specific imaging signs for the three groups were extracted and recorded.Data were compared and analyzed using SPSS 22.0.Results A total of 24 studies were included,composing of 10 studies of COVID-19,5 studies of MERS and 9 studies of SARS.The included CT exams were 147,40,and 122 respectively.For the early CT features of the 3 pneumonias,the basic lesion pattern with respect to"mixed ground glass opacity(GGO)and consolidation,GGO mainly,or consolidation mainly"was similar among the 3 groups(χ^2=7.966,P>0.05).There were no significant differences on the lesion distribution(χ^2=13.053,P>0.05)and predominate involvement of the subpleural area of bilateral lower lobes(χ^2=4.809,P>0.05)among the 3 groups.The lesions appeared more focal in COVID-19 pneumonia at early phase(χ^2=23.509,P<0.05).The proportions of crazy-paving pattern(χ^2=23.037,P<0.001),organizing pneumonia pattern(P<0.05)and pleural effusions(P<0.001)in COVID-19 pneumonia were significantly lower than the other two.Although rarely shown in the early CT findings of all three viral pneumonias,the fibrotic changes were more frequent in SARS than COVID-19 and MERS(χ^2=6.275,P<0.05).For other imaging signs,only the MERS pneumonia demonstrated tree-in-buds,cavitation,and its incidence rate of interlobular or intralobular septal thickening presented significantly increased as compared to the other two pneumonia(χ^2=22.412,P<0.05).No pneumothorax,pneumomediastinum and lymphadenopathy was present for each group.Conclusions Imaging findings on early stage of these three coronavirus pneumonias showed similar basic lesion patterns,including GGO and consolidation,bilateral distribution,and predominant involvement of the subpleural area and the lower lobes.Early signs of COVID-19 pneumonia showed less severity of inflammation.Early fibrotic changes appeared in SARS only.MERS had more severe inflammatory changes including cavitation and pleural effusion.The differences may indicate the specific pathophysiological processes for each coronavirus pneumonia.
基金the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen Scientific Research Project,No.G2021008 and No.G2022008Shenzhen Key Medical Discipline Construction Fund,No.SZXK079Shenzhen Science and Technology Research and Development Fund,No.JCYJ20190809165813331 and No.JCYJ20210324131809027.
文摘BACKGROUND Thrombectomy and anatomical anastomosis(TAA)has long been considered the optimal approach to portal vein thrombosis(PVT)in liver transplantation(LT).However,TAA and the current approach for non-physiological portal reconstructions are associated with a higher rate of complications and mortality in some cases.AIM To describe a new choice for reconstructing the portal vein through a posterior pancreatic tunnel(RPVPPT)to address cases of unresectable PVT.METHODS Between August 2019 and August 2021,245 adult LTs were performed.Forty-five(18.4%)patients were confirmed to have PVT before surgery,among which seven underwent PV reconstruction via the RPVPPT approach.We retrospectively analyzed the surgical procedure and postoperative complications of these seven recipients that underwent PV reconstruction due to PVT.RESULTS During the procedure,PVT was found in all the seven cases with significant adhesion to the vascular wall and could not be dissected.The portal vein proximal to the superior mesenteric vein was damaged in one case when attempting thrombolectomy,resulting in massive bleeding.LT was successfully performed in all patients with a mean duration of 585 min(range 491-756 min)and mean intraoperative blood loss of 800 mL(range 500-3000 mL).Postoperative complications consisted of chylous leakage(n=3),insufficient portal venous flow to the graft(n=1),intra-abdominal hemorrhage(n=1),pulmonary infection(n=1),and perioperative death(n=1).The remaining six patients survived at 12-17 mo follow-up.CONCLUSION The RPVPPT technique might be a safe and effective surgical procedure during LT for complex PVT.However,follow-up studies with large samples are still warranted due to the relatively small number of cases.
基金supported in part by Tokyo Denki University Science Promotion Fund(Q12K-04)
文摘The motion of a lure in water is investigated experimentally and numerically.The lure motion in water of apassing water tank is observed,and the periodic motion is found.From the Fourier analysis,it is found that the frequency with the largest amplitude in the lateral direction depends on the lip width of the lure.To understand the lure dynamics,a numerical simulation of the flow field around the lure is performed.The shape is measured using an X-ray computer tomography and converted into a voxel model.From visualization,it is found that vortex sheds from its lip correspond to the vibration frequency of the lure.
文摘Objective: Evaluation of peripheral arterial disease with 64-detector multi-slice CT angiography (MDCT- A) and comparison of the results with the results of digital subtraction angiography (DSA), a standard reference. Materials and Method: The written informed consent of the patients and ethics committee approval were obtained. The retrospective study group consisted of 28 patients with a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease. Using 64-MDCT-A, the arterial tree of the lower extremity was evaluated for the presence of steno-occlusive lesions that might have led to luminal stenosis. The diagnostic reliability of 64-MDCT- A was calculated and compared with that of DSA. Findings: In the segment-based analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, and reliability rates of 64-MDCT angiography in determining significant stenoses were 97.7%, 97%, and 97.3%, respectively. The Kappa co-efficiency for compatibility between 64-MDCT-A and DSA methods in grading stenosis was calculated as 0.896
文摘BACKGROUND Peliosis hepatis(PH)is a rare benign lesion of vascular origin with a pathological characteristic of multiple blood-filled cavities in the liver parenchyma.It is commonly misdiagnosed due to its lack of specificity in clinical presentation and laboratory test results.Herein,a case of a patient with PH who was misdiagnosed with hepatic echinococcosis before operation to remove the lesions was analyzed,with an emphasis on the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of PH.CASE SUMMARY We outline the case of a 40-year-old Chinese female who was admitted with aggravated abdominal pain with fever for 1 wk.Ultrasound examination at the local hospital indicated hepatic echinococcosis.However,discordance between imaging diagnosis,clinical history and laboratory examinations in our hospital.Subsequently,the patient was pathologically confirmed as having PH-like changes,which recurred 1 year after operation removal of the lesion.CONCLUSION Our objective is to highlight the imaging diagnostic value of PH.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62250410370)National Science and Technology Funding for Foreign Youth Talent Program(QN2022033002 L)+2 种基金Guangxi Natural Science Foundation for Youth Science and Technology(2021GXNSFBA220075)a grant from the Guangxi Postdoctoral Special Support Fund(C21RSC90ZN02 and C22RSC90ZN01)Scientific Research Fund(YXRSZN03 and UF20035Y).
文摘Medical images are usually degraded by numerous noises during acquisition or transmission,which often causes low contrast leading to deterioration of image quality.As such,medical image denoising and enhancement has become a paramount routine task.To overcome this problem,we propose a cutting-edge joint statistical and morphological model for the denoising and enhancement operation.Firstly,we propose a statistical model in formulating the marginal distribution of the wavelet coefficients.This model is integrated into a Bayesian inference framework to develop a maximum a posterior(MAP)estimator of the noise-free coefficient.Based on the statistical model,we eliminate the need for noise level estimation,and allows the model to automatically adapts to the observed image data.Secondly,we propose an adjustable morphological reconstruction model to eliminate known and unknown noises associated with medical images,while preserving the image details.After these operations,the image is decomposed into several wavelet subbands to extract the illumination and detail components.The image is then reconstructed based on the inverse wavelet to generate the enhanced noise-free image.Experimental results show that the proposed framework obtained high EME values of 41.04,48.81,47.81,and 45.75 for OCTA,FFA,CT,and X-ray imaging modalities,and performs better than the state-of-the-art methods.The proposed algorithm can effectively and efficiently enhance medical images,which will assist the clinicians in disease diagnosis,monitoring,and treatment.
基金supported by grants from National Key R&D Program of China[grant number 2016YFC0800702]Sci-ence and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality[grant numbers 17DZ2273200 and 16DZ2290900]National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 81571851 and 81401559].
文摘The autopsy and histopathologic examination are traditional and classic approaches in forensic pathology.In recent years,with the tremendous progresses of computer technology and medical imaging technology,the developed post-mortem computer tomography,post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging and other new methods provide non-invasive,intuitive,high-precision examining methods and research tools for the forensic pathology.As a result,the reconstruction of the injury as well as the analysis of injury mechanism has been essentially achieved.Such methods have become popular in the research field of forensic science and related work has also been carried out in China.This paper reviews the development and application of abovementioned post-mortem forensic imaging methods in China based on the relevant literature.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.8167440)the Clinical Research Program of 9th People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.JYLJ026)the Class IV Peak Subject Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.GXQ10)。
文摘The objective of this research was to explore the feasibility and clinical application of a new diagnostic imaging method for the diagnosis and treatment of iliac vein compression(IVC)based on three-dimensional(3D)digital reconstruction and printing.This study included patients with chronic venous disease(CVD)who were admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,from January to March,2019,and underwent computed tomography venography(CTV)to detect IVC.CTV findings were used to reconstruct 3D-printed models of blood vessels.A total of 17 patients(5 men and 12 women)with IVC,who were primarily diagnosed with CTV,were included in this study.In addition,24 significant venous compression sites were found in 17 patients,of which 7 patients had only one compression site(41.2%),nine patients had two compression sites(52.9%),and one patient had three compression sites(5.9%).3D digital reconstruction and printing is a convenient,noninvasive,and accurate diagnostic imaging method that provides a clear and accurate evaluation of veins and arteries,as well as the anatomical positional relationship for the diagnosis and treatment of IVC.
文摘Aim:To evaluate the diagnostic value of technetium Tc99m-tetrofosmin(^(99m)Tc-TF)in primary cancers of the head and neck.Methods:Single photon emission computer tomography with planar imaging of the neck for primary site evaluation and whole body scanning for assessment of metastases in 12 patients with newly diagnosed head and neck cancer.Tumor-to-background index(T/Bg)was derived in patients with positive findings(tumor or lymph nodes).Results:The tomographic images showed increased tracer uptake in pathological sites(primary tumor or lymph node)in 9 patients(overall sensitivity 75%).Primary tumor was visualised in 7 patients(sensitivity 58%)and infiltrated lymph nodes in 4 out 7 patients(sensitivity 57%).Mean values for T/Bg index were 5.44±1.28 for primary tumor and 4.25±1.67 for lymph nodes.Mean values for T/Bg index were 4.5±0.71 for patients with in situ and grade I carcinoma and 6.68±0.36 for patients with tumor grade II and III(P=0.034,Mann-Whitney U test).Conclusion:The present study demonstrates that ^(99m)Tc-TF is a valuable radiotracer for head and neck cancer imaging.To determine the potential role of this imaging protocol in clinical practice will require a larger sample size.
基金This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(Grant No.2017YFC0108803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81771819 and 81801667).
文摘Background:The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has put radiologists at a higher risk of infection during the computer tomography(CT)examination for the patients.To help settling these problems,we adopted a remote-enabled and automated contactless imaging workflow for CT examination by the combination of intelligent guided robot and automatic positioning technology to reduce the potential exposure of radiologists to 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)infection and to increase the examination efficiency,patient scanning accuracy and better image quality in chest CT imaging.Methods:From February 10 to April 12,2020,adult COVID-19 patients underwent chest CT examinations on a CT scanner using the same scan protocol except with the conventional imaging workflow(CW group)or an automatic contactless imaging workflow(AW group)in Wuhan Leishenshan Hospital(China)were retrospectively and prospectively enrolled in this study.The total examination time in two groups was recorded and compared.The patient compliance of breath holding,positioning accuracy,image noise and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)were assessed by three experienced radiologists and compared between the two groups.Results:Compared with the CW group,the total positioning time of the AW group was reduced((118.0±20.0)s vs.(129.0±29.0)s,P=0.001),the proportion of scanning accuracy was higher(98%vs.93%),and the lung length had a significant difference((0.90±1.24)cm vs.(1.16±1.49)cm,P=0.009).For the lesions located in the pulmonary centrilobular and subpleural regions,the image noise in the AW group was significantly lower than that in the CW group(centrilobular region:(140.4±78.6)HU vs.(153.8±72.7)HU,P=0.028;subpleural region:(140.6±80.8)HU vs.(159.4±82.7)HU,P=0.010).For the lesions located in the peripheral,centrilobular and subpleural regions,SNR was significantly higher in the AW group than in the CW group(centrilobular region:6.6±4.3 vs.4.9±3.7,P=0.006;subpleural region:6.4±4.4 vs.4.8±4.0,P<0.001).Conclusions:The automatic contactless imaging workflow using intelligent guided robot and automatic posi-tioning technology allows for reducing the examination time and improving the patient’s compliance of breath holding,positioning accuracy and image quality in chest CT imaging.
文摘The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System(LI-RADS)provides a stepwise algorithmic approach that is proven to be highly accurate in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients at risk.An essential and early step in the algorithm is the diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC,such as cholangiocarcinoma and combined tumors,by application of LR-M features and criteria.The LR-M category captures most non-HCC malignancies and some atypical HCCs.The exclusion of non-HCC malignancies is important for maintaining the high specificity of the LR-5,definite HCC category.This review provides an overview of the approach to diagnosing non-HCC malignancies using LI-RADS CT/MRI and contrast enhanced ultrasound algorithms.
文摘Objective: In order to reduce the effective dose level of the patients to explore the best scanning conditions, various factors affecting the level of PET/CT examination were analyzed. Methods: The effective doses of CT and pet were calculated respectively during PET/CT examination, Scanning parameters of CT and PET were optimized to reduce the effective dose of patients to a minimum while maintaining the image quality. Results: The tube voltage and tube current of CT, the injection dose during PET examination can affect the effective dose of the patients significantly. Conclusion: According to different types of patients and diseases to develop personalized scanning program, the effective dose level of the patients can be significantly reduced.
