Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requir...Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic elements.Most existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing impacts.An ensemble pre-trained language model was taken up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation corpus.The conversational sentences are classified into four categories:information,question,directive,and commission.These classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the pecking order of the conversation.Ensemble of Bidirectional Encoder for Representation of Transformer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transformer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with hyperparameters.Hyperparameter tuning approach is carried out for better performance on sentence classification.This Ensemble of Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation dataset.The proposed approach outperformed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transformer models.The proposed ensemble model with the fine-tuned parameters achieved an F1_score of 0.88.展开更多
As the realm of enterprise-level conversational AI continues to evolve, it becomes evident that while generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 bring remarkable capabilities, they also bring forth formidab...As the realm of enterprise-level conversational AI continues to evolve, it becomes evident that while generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 bring remarkable capabilities, they also bring forth formidable challenges. These models, honed on vast and diverse datasets, have undoubtedly pushed the boundaries of natural language understanding and generation. However, they often stumble when faced with the intricate demands of nuanced enterprise applications. This research advocates for a strategic paradigm shift, urging enterprises to embrace a fine-tuning approach as a means to optimize conversational AI. While generalized LLMs are linguistic marvels, their inability to cater to the specific needs of businesses across various industries poses a critical challenge. This strategic shift involves empowering enterprises to seamlessly integrate their own datasets into LLMs, a process that extends beyond linguistic enhancement. The core concept of this approach centers on customization, enabling businesses to fine-tune the AI’s functionality to fit precisely within their unique business landscapes. By immersing the LLM in industry-specific documents, customer interaction records, internal reports, and regulatory guidelines, the AI transcends its generic capabilities to become a sophisticated conversational partner aligned with the intricacies of the enterprise’s domain. The transformative potential of this fine-tuning approach cannot be overstated. It enables a transition from a universal AI solution to a highly customizable tool. The AI evolves from being a linguistic powerhouse to a contextually aware, industry-savvy assistant. As a result, it not only responds with linguistic accuracy but also with depth, relevance, and resonance, significantly elevating user experiences and operational efficiency. In the subsequent sections, this paper delves into the intricacies of fine-tuning, exploring the multifaceted challenges and abundant opportunities it presents. It addresses the technical intricacies of data integration, ethical considerations surrounding data usage, and the broader implications for the future of enterprise AI. The journey embarked upon in this research holds the potential to redefine the role of conversational AI in enterprises, ushering in an era where AI becomes a dynamic, deeply relevant, and highly effective tool, empowering businesses to excel in an ever-evolving digital landscape.展开更多
This paper aims to explore how a veteran teacher organizes online teaching initiated by the pandemic and how she deals with the problems in online teacher-student verbal interaction.By analyzing a corpus of 20 audio-r...This paper aims to explore how a veteran teacher organizes online teaching initiated by the pandemic and how she deals with the problems in online teacher-student verbal interaction.By analyzing a corpus of 20 audio-recorded online lessons between a math teacher and her students during the COVID-19 pandemic from April 11 to May 10,2022,four interactional segments are selected as the focus of the study.The results of the conversation analysis of the segments showed that students’modesty,lack of confidence,lack of ability,and network delay are the main factors affecting online teacher-student interaction.By encouraging students to answer questions,enlightening students to give answers,enriching students’answers,and entertaining the teaching atmosphere(“4Es”strategies),the teacher solved the problems successfully.The findings from this study can provide pedagogical experience and implications for practical teaching.展开更多
Handling emotions in human‐computer dialogues has emerged as a challenging task which requires artificial intelligence systems to generate emotional responses by jointly perceiving the emotion involved in the input p...Handling emotions in human‐computer dialogues has emerged as a challenging task which requires artificial intelligence systems to generate emotional responses by jointly perceiving the emotion involved in the input posts and incorporating it into the gener-ation of semantically coherent and emotionally reasonable responses.However,most previous works generate emotional responses solely from input posts,which do not take full advantage of the training corpus and suffer from generating generic responses.In this study,we introduce a hierarchical semantic‐emotional memory module for emotional conversation generation(called HSEMEC),which can learn abstract semantic conver-sation patterns and emotional information from the large training corpus.The learnt semantic and emotional knowledge helps to enrich the post representation and assist the emotional conversation generation.Comprehensive experiments on a large real‐world conversation corpus show that HSEMEC can outperform the strong baselines on both automatic and manual evaluation.For reproducibility,we release the code and data publicly at:https://github.com/siat‐nlp/HSEMEC‐code‐data.展开更多
Implicature is a universal feature of human communication.In conversations,it is common to see examples of something unsaid but communicated.After introducing the theory of conversational impilcature and its four maxi...Implicature is a universal feature of human communication.In conversations,it is common to see examples of something unsaid but communicated.After introducing the theory of conversational impilcature and its four maxims,this paper presents English and Chinese examples to compare their conversational implicature,and finds conversational implicature exists in both Chinese and English conversation.展开更多
Mansfield Park is one of Jane Austen's masterpieces. There are a lot of lively vivid dialogues in the novel. Conversational implicature is analyzed from the perspective of progmatics in Mansfield Park will be prov...Mansfield Park is one of Jane Austen's masterpieces. There are a lot of lively vivid dialogues in the novel. Conversational implicature is analyzed from the perspective of progmatics in Mansfield Park will be provided in this article.展开更多
This article reflects on the process of transcribing spoken interaction and makes a comparative analysis of two different varieties of spoken interaction(casual conver- sation and institutional talk). By doing so, it ...This article reflects on the process of transcribing spoken interaction and makes a comparative analysis of two different varieties of spoken interaction(casual conver- sation and institutional talk). By doing so, it reveals how the different purposes of speech result in their distinctive characteristics, and shows how language is struc- tured to construct ideational meanings(Field) and interpersonal meanings(Tenor) that define each context.展开更多
Based on the theory of conversation, turn,and turn-taking, this paper selects three non-English major college English teachers' English lessons as the research subjects. Through classroom observation, recording, v...Based on the theory of conversation, turn,and turn-taking, this paper selects three non-English major college English teachers' English lessons as the research subjects. Through classroom observation, recording, video and transcript, and by using Microsoft Excel2007 to collect and analyze data, this paper focuses on the teachers' conversational fillers in transitional relevance point. This study will contribute significantly to teachers' taking measures to reduce the impacts of negative transfer of mother tongue on natural and fluent communication and improve the quality of communicative language teaching.展开更多
Conversational Implicature Theory is one important theory of pragmatics. It focuses on the implied meaning of the speakers and plays an important role in speech communication.
Cultural values determine and influence the communicative competence in a substantial way.Conversational styles are also demonstrated by cultural values which are obvious to be discovered in any cultures.The paper is ...Cultural values determine and influence the communicative competence in a substantial way.Conversational styles are also demonstrated by cultural values which are obvious to be discovered in any cultures.The paper is aimed at making a brief analysis of differences between Chinese and English from the perspective of the intercultural communication for the promotion of language abilities for learners during the cultural exchanges.展开更多
Translation has always been acknowledged as one main branch of linguistics.Catford holds that translation is a specific linguistic theory.It’s necessary and important to study the relationship between translation and...Translation has always been acknowledged as one main branch of linguistics.Catford holds that translation is a specific linguistic theory.It’s necessary and important to study the relationship between translation and linguistic.Many scholars have proposed many opinions on the impacts of conversational implicature.From the academic perspective and on the basis of Grice,H.P’s conversational implicature theory,this article makes a careful analysis of conversational implicature and translation by giving exact definition and discussing the features of them.This article talks about the relationship between conversational implicature and translation by giving definitions and setting examples,hoping to help translation in further and make a great contribution to the development of translation.展开更多
The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversat...The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.展开更多
We propose a Rate-Distortion (RD) optimized strategy for frame-dropping and scheduling of multi-user conversa- tional and streaming videos. We consider a scenario where conversational and streaming videos share the fo...We propose a Rate-Distortion (RD) optimized strategy for frame-dropping and scheduling of multi-user conversa- tional and streaming videos. We consider a scenario where conversational and streaming videos share the forwarding resources at a network node. Two buffers are setup on the node to temporarily store the packets for these two types of video applications. For streaming video, a big buffer is used as the associated delay constraint of the application is moderate and a very small buffer is used for conversational video to ensure that the forwarding delay of every packet is limited. A scheduler is located behind these two buffers that dynamically assigns transmission slots on the outgoing link to the two buffers. Rate-distortion side information is used to perform RD-optimized frame dropping in case of node overload. Sharing the data rate on the outgoing link between the con- versational and the streaming videos is done either based on the fullness of the two associated buffers or on the mean incoming rates of the respective videos. Simulation results showed that our proposed RD-optimized frame dropping and scheduling ap- proach provides significant improvements in performance over the popular priority-based random dropping (PRD) technique.展开更多
Though Chinese conversation structure has some overlap with the English conversation structure, it has many differences in the details because of the in? uence of unique Chinese culture. This thesis analyses every par...Though Chinese conversation structure has some overlap with the English conversation structure, it has many differences in the details because of the in? uence of unique Chinese culture. This thesis analyses every part of the Chinese conversation structure by listing many concrete examples which reflects how Chinese culture in? uence the Chinese conversation structure.展开更多
Telephone conversation,one of the most common uses of human communication,has been a hot topic in linguistic field in modern times. This essay aims at reviewing the main theories and findings in telephone conversation...Telephone conversation,one of the most common uses of human communication,has been a hot topic in linguistic field in modern times. This essay aims at reviewing the main theories and findings in telephone conversation analysis and providing some insights of this aspect which can often be overlooked in our daily life. It is also hoped that this essay can help to pave a foundation for further in-depth study in telephone conversations.展开更多
This article reflects on how to transcribe two audio recordings and conducts a comparative analysis on them,aiming at identifying the typical features of transcribing process and identifying the different features of ...This article reflects on how to transcribe two audio recordings and conducts a comparative analysis on them,aiming at identifying the typical features of transcribing process and identifying the different features of classroom and casual conversations.The first recording is an institutional conversation recorded in a module called"Communication skills for teachers"in an under graduate classroom in Singapore.The second is a casual conversation occurring among four MA classmates who met for their sec ond time.The first part of this article focuses on the issues met and the insights gained in transcribing.The second part is a com parative analysis that leads to the conclusion classroom and casual conversations are two different genres of spoken interactions with distinctive features shaped by field and tenor.展开更多
Taking a piece of social interaction as the object of the study,some basic and brief analysis on how meaning is negotiated is offered from both structural and functional perspectives.The potential purpose is to provid...Taking a piece of social interaction as the object of the study,some basic and brief analysis on how meaning is negotiated is offered from both structural and functional perspectives.The potential purpose is to provide readers with a maybe rough but clear presentation of those assorted methods used in conversation analysis.Out of the presentation is developed a possibility for language learners as well as teachers to be more aware of the differences and also the interrelations among these methodological approaches to conversation analysis,which may be of some relevance to teaching practice.展开更多
By exploring cooperative principle and conversation,especially from the semantic and pragmatic way,this article tries to explore how the cooperative principle makes effect in humorous conversations.It turns out that t...By exploring cooperative principle and conversation,especially from the semantic and pragmatic way,this article tries to explore how the cooperative principle makes effect in humorous conversations.It turns out that the humor comes out more from the semantic as pect.Hence it is proposed that it should focus more on the semantic meaning to achieve humor.At last,the significance of applying humor ous conversation in teaching spoken English is also discussed.展开更多
Learners from the traditional Chinese English Classroom immerse in 'perfect English'.However,the Standard English makes them loose the chance to discover the talking rules behind the language,and leads them in...Learners from the traditional Chinese English Classroom immerse in 'perfect English'.However,the Standard English makes them loose the chance to discover the talking rules behind the language,and leads them into an embarrassed situation,when stating a real talk with a native English speaker.From conversation analysis of a real English conversation,the learner can see how a native speaker reacts in a real conversation,how and when he/she gains the talking turns and how he/she responds to others' speech.Meanwhile,it offers a chance to learn the phenomenon in an ordinary conversations,such overlapping,pause,interruption,disfluency,etc.They make the real conversation not as 'perfect' as it is in the textbook,but they can help the learner to be well prepared for a talk in the real life.展开更多
According to theory,working memory capacity should be related to comprehension ability,in this thesis,it tries to jus tify the relationship between working memory capacity and comprehension of conversational implicatu...According to theory,working memory capacity should be related to comprehension ability,in this thesis,it tries to jus tify the relationship between working memory capacity and comprehension of conversational implicatures.Through theoretical hypothesizing and empirical demonstration,the relationship between working memory and the comprehension of conversational implicatures,especially role that the phonological loop plays in the comprehension of conversational implicatures caused by literal violation to the maxim of manner,is justified in the thesis.展开更多
文摘Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence.Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks,such as dependence parsing,which requires more syntactic elements.Most existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence,recognizing the progress and comparing impacts.An ensemble pre-trained language model was taken up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation corpus.The conversational sentences are classified into four categories:information,question,directive,and commission.These classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and predicting the pecking order of the conversation.Ensemble of Bidirectional Encoder for Representation of Transformer(BERT),Robustly Optimized BERT pretraining Approach(RoBERTa),Generative Pre-Trained Transformer(GPT),DistilBERT and Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding(XLNet)models are trained on conversation corpus with hyperparameters.Hyperparameter tuning approach is carried out for better performance on sentence classification.This Ensemble of Pre-trained Language Models with a Hyperparameter Tuning(EPLM-HT)system is trained on an annotated conversation dataset.The proposed approach outperformed compared to the base BERT,GPT,DistilBERT and XLNet transformer models.The proposed ensemble model with the fine-tuned parameters achieved an F1_score of 0.88.
文摘As the realm of enterprise-level conversational AI continues to evolve, it becomes evident that while generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-3.5 bring remarkable capabilities, they also bring forth formidable challenges. These models, honed on vast and diverse datasets, have undoubtedly pushed the boundaries of natural language understanding and generation. However, they often stumble when faced with the intricate demands of nuanced enterprise applications. This research advocates for a strategic paradigm shift, urging enterprises to embrace a fine-tuning approach as a means to optimize conversational AI. While generalized LLMs are linguistic marvels, their inability to cater to the specific needs of businesses across various industries poses a critical challenge. This strategic shift involves empowering enterprises to seamlessly integrate their own datasets into LLMs, a process that extends beyond linguistic enhancement. The core concept of this approach centers on customization, enabling businesses to fine-tune the AI’s functionality to fit precisely within their unique business landscapes. By immersing the LLM in industry-specific documents, customer interaction records, internal reports, and regulatory guidelines, the AI transcends its generic capabilities to become a sophisticated conversational partner aligned with the intricacies of the enterprise’s domain. The transformative potential of this fine-tuning approach cannot be overstated. It enables a transition from a universal AI solution to a highly customizable tool. The AI evolves from being a linguistic powerhouse to a contextually aware, industry-savvy assistant. As a result, it not only responds with linguistic accuracy but also with depth, relevance, and resonance, significantly elevating user experiences and operational efficiency. In the subsequent sections, this paper delves into the intricacies of fine-tuning, exploring the multifaceted challenges and abundant opportunities it presents. It addresses the technical intricacies of data integration, ethical considerations surrounding data usage, and the broader implications for the future of enterprise AI. The journey embarked upon in this research holds the potential to redefine the role of conversational AI in enterprises, ushering in an era where AI becomes a dynamic, deeply relevant, and highly effective tool, empowering businesses to excel in an ever-evolving digital landscape.
文摘This paper aims to explore how a veteran teacher organizes online teaching initiated by the pandemic and how she deals with the problems in online teacher-student verbal interaction.By analyzing a corpus of 20 audio-recorded online lessons between a math teacher and her students during the COVID-19 pandemic from April 11 to May 10,2022,four interactional segments are selected as the focus of the study.The results of the conversation analysis of the segments showed that students’modesty,lack of confidence,lack of ability,and network delay are the main factors affecting online teacher-student interaction.By encouraging students to answer questions,enlightening students to give answers,enriching students’answers,and entertaining the teaching atmosphere(“4Es”strategies),the teacher solved the problems successfully.The findings from this study can provide pedagogical experience and implications for practical teaching.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61906185,61876053)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2019A1515011705 and No.2021A1515011905)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS China(No.2020357)the Shenzhen Basic Research Foundation(No.JCYJ20210324115614039 and No.JCYJ20200109113441941)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program(Grant No.KQTD20190929172835662).
文摘Handling emotions in human‐computer dialogues has emerged as a challenging task which requires artificial intelligence systems to generate emotional responses by jointly perceiving the emotion involved in the input posts and incorporating it into the gener-ation of semantically coherent and emotionally reasonable responses.However,most previous works generate emotional responses solely from input posts,which do not take full advantage of the training corpus and suffer from generating generic responses.In this study,we introduce a hierarchical semantic‐emotional memory module for emotional conversation generation(called HSEMEC),which can learn abstract semantic conver-sation patterns and emotional information from the large training corpus.The learnt semantic and emotional knowledge helps to enrich the post representation and assist the emotional conversation generation.Comprehensive experiments on a large real‐world conversation corpus show that HSEMEC can outperform the strong baselines on both automatic and manual evaluation.For reproducibility,we release the code and data publicly at:https://github.com/siat‐nlp/HSEMEC‐code‐data.
文摘Implicature is a universal feature of human communication.In conversations,it is common to see examples of something unsaid but communicated.After introducing the theory of conversational impilcature and its four maxims,this paper presents English and Chinese examples to compare their conversational implicature,and finds conversational implicature exists in both Chinese and English conversation.
文摘Mansfield Park is one of Jane Austen's masterpieces. There are a lot of lively vivid dialogues in the novel. Conversational implicature is analyzed from the perspective of progmatics in Mansfield Park will be provided in this article.
文摘This article reflects on the process of transcribing spoken interaction and makes a comparative analysis of two different varieties of spoken interaction(casual conver- sation and institutional talk). By doing so, it reveals how the different purposes of speech result in their distinctive characteristics, and shows how language is struc- tured to construct ideational meanings(Field) and interpersonal meanings(Tenor) that define each context.
文摘Based on the theory of conversation, turn,and turn-taking, this paper selects three non-English major college English teachers' English lessons as the research subjects. Through classroom observation, recording, video and transcript, and by using Microsoft Excel2007 to collect and analyze data, this paper focuses on the teachers' conversational fillers in transitional relevance point. This study will contribute significantly to teachers' taking measures to reduce the impacts of negative transfer of mother tongue on natural and fluent communication and improve the quality of communicative language teaching.
文摘Conversational Implicature Theory is one important theory of pragmatics. It focuses on the implied meaning of the speakers and plays an important role in speech communication.
文摘Cultural values determine and influence the communicative competence in a substantial way.Conversational styles are also demonstrated by cultural values which are obvious to be discovered in any cultures.The paper is aimed at making a brief analysis of differences between Chinese and English from the perspective of the intercultural communication for the promotion of language abilities for learners during the cultural exchanges.
文摘Translation has always been acknowledged as one main branch of linguistics.Catford holds that translation is a specific linguistic theory.It’s necessary and important to study the relationship between translation and linguistic.Many scholars have proposed many opinions on the impacts of conversational implicature.From the academic perspective and on the basis of Grice,H.P’s conversational implicature theory,this article makes a careful analysis of conversational implicature and translation by giving exact definition and discussing the features of them.This article talks about the relationship between conversational implicature and translation by giving definitions and setting examples,hoping to help translation in further and make a great contribution to the development of translation.
文摘The term“pragmatics borrowing”refers to a conscious use of foreign pragmatic marker within or between utterances.Distinctive pragmatics functions of using the“cross-linguistic”pragmatic markers in online conversations have become a research focus.In a sample of Wechat communication among university students,the English pragmatics marker“em”and its variations occurred frequently.By analyzing its spelling variations,placement,pragmatic meanings and functions,the study indicates that,besides using it as a hesitator,chat participants consciously use this foreign pragmatic marker as a buffer for later utterance,which is usually an apology or a request,to soften the intonation and give the addressee an impression of politeness.
基金Project (No. STE1093/1-1) supported by the German ResearchFoundation, Germany
文摘We propose a Rate-Distortion (RD) optimized strategy for frame-dropping and scheduling of multi-user conversa- tional and streaming videos. We consider a scenario where conversational and streaming videos share the forwarding resources at a network node. Two buffers are setup on the node to temporarily store the packets for these two types of video applications. For streaming video, a big buffer is used as the associated delay constraint of the application is moderate and a very small buffer is used for conversational video to ensure that the forwarding delay of every packet is limited. A scheduler is located behind these two buffers that dynamically assigns transmission slots on the outgoing link to the two buffers. Rate-distortion side information is used to perform RD-optimized frame dropping in case of node overload. Sharing the data rate on the outgoing link between the con- versational and the streaming videos is done either based on the fullness of the two associated buffers or on the mean incoming rates of the respective videos. Simulation results showed that our proposed RD-optimized frame dropping and scheduling ap- proach provides significant improvements in performance over the popular priority-based random dropping (PRD) technique.
文摘Though Chinese conversation structure has some overlap with the English conversation structure, it has many differences in the details because of the in? uence of unique Chinese culture. This thesis analyses every part of the Chinese conversation structure by listing many concrete examples which reflects how Chinese culture in? uence the Chinese conversation structure.
文摘Telephone conversation,one of the most common uses of human communication,has been a hot topic in linguistic field in modern times. This essay aims at reviewing the main theories and findings in telephone conversation analysis and providing some insights of this aspect which can often be overlooked in our daily life. It is also hoped that this essay can help to pave a foundation for further in-depth study in telephone conversations.
文摘This article reflects on how to transcribe two audio recordings and conducts a comparative analysis on them,aiming at identifying the typical features of transcribing process and identifying the different features of classroom and casual conversations.The first recording is an institutional conversation recorded in a module called"Communication skills for teachers"in an under graduate classroom in Singapore.The second is a casual conversation occurring among four MA classmates who met for their sec ond time.The first part of this article focuses on the issues met and the insights gained in transcribing.The second part is a com parative analysis that leads to the conclusion classroom and casual conversations are two different genres of spoken interactions with distinctive features shaped by field and tenor.
文摘Taking a piece of social interaction as the object of the study,some basic and brief analysis on how meaning is negotiated is offered from both structural and functional perspectives.The potential purpose is to provide readers with a maybe rough but clear presentation of those assorted methods used in conversation analysis.Out of the presentation is developed a possibility for language learners as well as teachers to be more aware of the differences and also the interrelations among these methodological approaches to conversation analysis,which may be of some relevance to teaching practice.
文摘By exploring cooperative principle and conversation,especially from the semantic and pragmatic way,this article tries to explore how the cooperative principle makes effect in humorous conversations.It turns out that the humor comes out more from the semantic as pect.Hence it is proposed that it should focus more on the semantic meaning to achieve humor.At last,the significance of applying humor ous conversation in teaching spoken English is also discussed.
文摘Learners from the traditional Chinese English Classroom immerse in 'perfect English'.However,the Standard English makes them loose the chance to discover the talking rules behind the language,and leads them into an embarrassed situation,when stating a real talk with a native English speaker.From conversation analysis of a real English conversation,the learner can see how a native speaker reacts in a real conversation,how and when he/she gains the talking turns and how he/she responds to others' speech.Meanwhile,it offers a chance to learn the phenomenon in an ordinary conversations,such overlapping,pause,interruption,disfluency,etc.They make the real conversation not as 'perfect' as it is in the textbook,but they can help the learner to be well prepared for a talk in the real life.
文摘According to theory,working memory capacity should be related to comprehension ability,in this thesis,it tries to jus tify the relationship between working memory capacity and comprehension of conversational implicatures.Through theoretical hypothesizing and empirical demonstration,the relationship between working memory and the comprehension of conversational implicatures,especially role that the phonological loop plays in the comprehension of conversational implicatures caused by literal violation to the maxim of manner,is justified in the thesis.
