Background:To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Curcuma longa(C.longa)in breast cancer treatment.Methods:Phytocompounds of C.longa were obtained from Dr.Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database.Potential ...Background:To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Curcuma longa(C.longa)in breast cancer treatment.Methods:Phytocompounds of C.longa were obtained from Dr.Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database.Potential active targets were retrieved from Bindingdb,SEA and Swiss Target Prediction databases.Breast cancer targets were retrieved from the Therapeutic Target Database.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were done using DAVID and KOBAS3.0 databases respectively.The Cytoscape software was used to construct the phytocompound-target-pathway network.The PyRx and Desmond software were utilized for molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation respectively.Results:Out of one hundred and fifty-six phytocompounds,fifty-four modulated proteins involved in breast cancer.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated C.longa exerts its therapeutic effect through regulating several key pathways.Molecular docking analysis revealed that most phytocompounds of C.longa had a good affinity with the key targets.Molecular dynamics simulation showed that ethinylestradiol formed stable ligand-protein complexes.Conclusion:The results of this study will enhance our understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms by which C.longa inhibits breast cancer and lay a foundation for future experimental studies.展开更多
The purpose of the current study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content and total antioxidant activity of the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts and their free r...The purpose of the current study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content and total antioxidant activity of the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts and their free radical scavenging activity. The study concluded that the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts have a good source of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant sources in turn which opens the high possibility of the extracts being used as food preservatives. The DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals showed that the IC<sub>50</sub> value was above 123% of Curcuma longa ethanolic extract, 129.9% μg/ml of Acorus calamus ethanolic extract and 25% of Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts shows very strong inhibition of the free radicals. Thus, comparing the DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals of Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts with the positive control ascorbic acid, Curcuma longa and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts showed strong inhibition of the free radicals.展开更多
Turmeric (<em>Curcuma longa</em>) belongs to the family <em>Zingiberaceae</em> and has long been used traditionally for centuries as a spice and medicinal elixir. Hence, the present study aimed...Turmeric (<em>Curcuma longa</em>) belongs to the family <em>Zingiberaceae</em> and has long been used traditionally for centuries as a spice and medicinal elixir. Hence, the present study aimed to profile the nutritional and phytomedicinal properties of the plant in order to justify its relevance in traditional phytomedicine and advocate its application in novel pharmacological products. Using standard methods (High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry), the dried rhizomes were washed, pulverized and ethanol extracts subjected to proximate, phytochemical, vitamins, amino acid and mineral determinations. Data obtained were analyzed using student’s t-test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Determined proximate indices indicated moisture content of 9.55%, carbohydrate (57.30%), ash (24.70%), crude fiber (1.12%), proteins (2.15%) and fat (5.32%). Mineral composition analyses showed that <em>C. longa</em> rhizomes had higher contents of calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium in parts per million (ppm) at 38.68 ± 0.114, 19.75 ± 0.001, 9.20 ± 0.002 and 7.06 ± 0.014 respectively. Amino acid profile revealed the presence of both essential and non-essential types with aspartate and glutamate in higher contents at 9.78 g/100 g and 9.65 g/100 g, respectively. Findings showed also the presence of vitamins A, C and D at 254.5 ± 2.19 mg/kg, 19.47 ± 0.16 mg/kg and 10.92 ± 0.92 mg/kg, respectively. Phytochemical analyses showed the presence of phenolic compounds with high retention times. This study thus revealed that <em>C. longa</em> possesses various nutritional and pharmacological/medicinal components in considerable quantities and can provide the body with basic nutrients for its therapeutic needs as well as secondary compounds with tremendous phytomedicinal potentials.展开更多
Ginger and turmeric are two plants of the Zingiberaceaes family. They are used as spices and in the treatment of many diseases. Despite their importance, data on their knowledge and their uses are scarce. The objectiv...Ginger and turmeric are two plants of the Zingiberaceaes family. They are used as spices and in the treatment of many diseases. Despite their importance, data on their knowledge and their uses are scarce. The objective of this work was to assess the knowledge and different uses of ginger and turmeric. <span>A survey was carried out among saleswomen and consumers. The survey </span><span>reveals that 100% of those surveyed knew about ginger, but fewer people (1</span>7.5%) knew about turmeric. The survey identified that ginger tastes more <span>pungent (82.65%) than bitter (17.35%), whilst turmeric’s taste is bitterer (5</span>3.47%) rather <span>than pungent (46.53%). Consumption differed between the two rhizomes, wi</span>th ginger consumed fresh (90.22%) and turmeric dry (84.25%). Differences were also noted in their medicinal (40.66% for ginger and 32.15% for turmeric), nutritional (50.82% for ginger and 11.65% for turmeric) and cosmetic (8.63% properties for ginger and 56.2% for turmeric) uses. The vernacular names of the two rhizomes varied from one ethnic group to another.展开更多
The aim of this work is to assess soil types’ effect on the growth and production of <em>Curcuma longa</em> rhizomes. The Rhizome of <em>Curcuma longa</em> was grown in a greenhouse in pots fo...The aim of this work is to assess soil types’ effect on the growth and production of <em>Curcuma longa</em> rhizomes. The Rhizome of <em>Curcuma longa</em> was grown in a greenhouse in pots for seven months on different soil types. Physico-chemical analyses of the different soils were carried out. Collar diameter, the height of the plants, and yield of rhizome were measured. Total microbial density, number of spores, and root colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from these soils were assessed. Results show that soils are sandy clay loam, clay sandy, clay, acidic (pH 4.16 to 6.62), and have a C/N ratio from 6.10 to 19.83. Nitrogen (N) is between 0.49 to 2.41 g/kg, available phosphorus (P) between 2 to 16 ppm, Organic matter (OM) from 14.6 to 51.4 g/kg. Total microbial density is between 2 to 16 × 10<sup>6</sup> Cell/mm<sup>3</sup>, number of AMF spores <em>in situ</em> between 4 to 67 spores/g of soil. The frequency of root colonization is between 47% to 78%. The average growth and rhizome production are between 5 to 15 g/plant. All the results obtained show that the soils with clay to sandy clayey loam texture, medium acidity (pH 5.5 - 6.6), low C content (7.3 - 9.6 g/kg), low N content (0.49 - 1.13 g/kg), good C/N ratio (<14), low to medium AMF sporulation (28 - 41 spores/g) and AMF root colonization between 55% to 78% are the most suitable for the cultivation and rhizome production of <em>C</em><em>urcuma longa</em> in Cameroon.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and immunotherapeutic effects of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome in CCl_4 intoxicated Swiss albino mice.Methods:first group of mice(n=5) received CCl_4 treatment at a dos...Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and immunotherapeutic effects of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome in CCl_4 intoxicated Swiss albino mice.Methods:first group of mice(n=5) received CCl_4 treatment at a dose of 0.5 mL/kg bw(i.p.) for 7 days.Second group was fed orally the aqueous extract of turmeric at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw for IS days.The third group was given both the turmeric extract(for 15 days,orally) and CCl_4(for last 7 days,i.p.).The fourth group was kept as a control.To study the liver function,the transaminase enzymes(SGOT and SGPT) and bilirubin level were measured in the serum of respective groups.For assaying the immunotherapeutic action of Curcuma longa(C.longa),non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis,nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages were studied from the respective groups.Results:The result of present study suggested that CCl_4 administration increased the level of SCOT and SGPT and bilirubin level in serum.However,the aqueous extract of turmeric reduced the level of SGOT, SCFT and bilirubin in CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Apart from damaging the liver system,CCl_4 also reduced non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis, nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages.Administration of aqueous extract of C.longa offered significant protection from these damaging actions of CCl_4 on the non specific host response in the peritoneal macrophages of CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Conclusions:In conclusion,the present study suggests that C.longa has immunotherapeutic properties along with its ability to ameliorate hepatotoxicity.展开更多
A novel method for analysis of three active components curcumin,demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in Curcuma longa L.was developed by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection.Three curcuminoids were well s...A novel method for analysis of three active components curcumin,demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in Curcuma longa L.was developed by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection.Three curcuminoids were well separated on a C_(18) column and detected with high sensitivity.A mobile phase containing acetonilrile and 10 mM Na_2HPO_4-H_3PO_4(pH 5.0)(50:50.v/v) was used.Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.208-41.6,0.197-39.4,and 0.227-114 μM for curcumin.demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin respectively.The limit of detection reached up to 10^(-8) M.which was lower than that by UV detection.The relative standard deviations(RSDs) ranged from 1.06% to 1.88% for intra-day precision and from 4.30% to 5.79% for inter-day precision,respectively.The proposed method has been applied in real herb sample and recoveries ranging from 86.3% to 111% were obtained.展开更多
Aim:To study the contraceptive effect of the crude extracts of Curcuma longa in male albino rats.Methods:Rats were fed orally with Curcuma longa aqueous and 70% alcoholic extract for 60 days (500 mg·kg^-1·da...Aim:To study the contraceptive effect of the crude extracts of Curcuma longa in male albino rats.Methods:Rats were fed orally with Curcuma longa aqueous and 70% alcoholic extract for 60 days (500 mg·kg^-1·day^-1).Results:A reduction in sperm motility and density was observed in both the treated groups.Conclusion:Curcuma longa may have affected the androgen synthesis either by inhibiting the Leydig cell function or the hypothalamus pituitary axis and as a result,spermatogenesis is arrested.(Asian J Androl 2004 Mar;6:71-74)展开更多
A support vector regression based on the mean impact value (MIV) model was constructed to identify the bioactive compounds inhibiting proliferation of He La cells in a combination of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)and liq...A support vector regression based on the mean impact value (MIV) model was constructed to identify the bioactive compounds inhibiting proliferation of He La cells in a combination of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)and liquorice (Glycyrrhiza) extracts.The quantitative chemical fingerprint from 50 batches of turmeric and liquorice extracts was established using high performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to an ultraviolet visible detector.Qualitative results were obtained using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry.A total of 46 peaks (peaks 1–15 from turmeric and 16–46 from liquorice) were selected as "common peaks" for analysis.The inhibitory effect of the combined extracts on He La cells was measured by MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay.It was found that 15 compounds (peaks:8,12,30,24,46,11,14,9,3,1,44,18,7,45 and 43)possessing high absolute MIV exhibited a significant correlation with the cytotoxicity against He La cells; most of these have already been confirmed with potential cytotoxicity in previous research.The important potential application of the present model can be extended to help discover active compounds from complex herbal medicine prior to traditional bioassay-guided separation.It is considered that this could be a useful tool for redeveloping herbal medicine based on the use of these active compounds.展开更多
Endophytes (both fungi and bacteria) represent a treasure house for bioactive compounds such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, insecticidal etc. for use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemica...Endophytes (both fungi and bacteria) represent a treasure house for bioactive compounds such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, insecticidal etc. for use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Endophytic population is greatly influenced by climatic conditions and location where the host plant grows. Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family that is usually used as spice and preservative. Traditionally it is used to treat various conditions and symptoms such as digestive disorders, arthritis, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, bacterial infections etc. In recent times, there have been different discoveries on endophytic fungi and their biological activity from C. longa. But there is no comprehensive review on endophytic fungi of C. longa. The aim of this review is to analyze the published report based on the endophytic fungi to provide for the first time an updated information about their isolation from different tissues, their biological activities including the phytochemistry of C. longa. This will lead the way to forecast the missing link for future research work.展开更多
Turmeric or Curcuma is a natural product that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pharmacological properties. It can be used in the control of the aging process that involves oxidative stress, inflam...Turmeric or Curcuma is a natural product that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pharmacological properties. It can be used in the control of the aging process that involves oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Aging is a physiological process that affects higher cortical and cognitive functions with a reduction in learning and memory, limited judgment and deficits in emotional control and social behavior. Moreover, aging is a major risk factor for the appearance of several disorders such as cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. At the brain level, the aging process alters the synaptic intercommunication by a reduction in the dendritic arbor as well as the number of the dendritic spine in the pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and basolateral amygdala, consequently reducing the size of these regions. The present review discusses the synaptic changes caused by the aging process and the neuroprotective role the Curcuma has through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions.展开更多
Curcumin, which is traditionally known to have effects on various types of diseases in humans, is found in Curcuma longa L. Previous reports have indicated that the curcumin content varies between the different lines ...Curcumin, which is traditionally known to have effects on various types of diseases in humans, is found in Curcuma longa L. Previous reports have indicated that the curcumin content varies between the different lines of this species. To clarify the differences in the amounts of curcumin between the lines, we investigated the outcomes of cultivation ex-periments with the hybridization or introgression between C. longa and other Curcuma species using the matK gene of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and the external transcribed spacer (ETS) of nuclear DNA (nrDNA). The results show that there is heterogeneity of the ETS and incongruence between the matK and the ETS phylogenetic trees, suggesting that hybridization and introgression had taken place in the diversification of the various lines of C. longa. Moreover, al-though all of the lines had the same cpDNA haplotype of C. longa, the lines of homogeneous C. longa had a high con-tent of curcumin, whereas the lines created by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species had a me-dium or low level. These results suggest that the difference of curcumin content among the various lines of C. longa was caused by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species.展开更多
We studied on the effect of Curcuma longa extract on spatial learning-related memory ability of old rats in eight-arm radial maze task. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was orally administered 100...We studied on the effect of Curcuma longa extract on spatial learning-related memory ability of old rats in eight-arm radial maze task. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was orally administered 100 mg/KgBW/day C. longa extract (CLE) dissolved in deionized water and the other group was administered the vehicle alone for 10 weeks. The rats were tested with the partially baited eight-arm radial maze to evaluate two types of spatial memory-related learning ability displayed by reference memory errors (RMEs) and working memory errors (WMEs). Chronic administration of CLE significantly decreased the number of RMEs and WMEs, concurrently with the decreases in the cortico-hippocampal levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In a parallel set of experiments, CLE-pretreated rats of the same age group were subjected to hypoxia-reperfusion injury by carotid artery occlusion to induce oxidative stress in the brains in order to examine whether such an in vivo hypoxia-induced oxidative stress could be ameliorated by the extract. Again, the levels of LPO were significantly decreased in the cortico-hippocampal tissues of the CLE-fed hypoxic rats. The histology of the brains also revealed that the CLE-pretreated rats had retained improved cellular integrity. Finally, our results provide the evidence that oral administration of C. longa extract increases the defense against oxidative stress and proinflammatory TNF-α, concurrently with the improvement of memory-related brain cognitive ability of the aged rats.展开更多
Dried and fresh rhizomes of the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are well known in traditional medicine, and curcu- min is widely used in various geographic regions. Although there are differences in the amount of cu...Dried and fresh rhizomes of the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are well known in traditional medicine, and curcu- min is widely used in various geographic regions. Although there are differences in the amount of curcumin within this species, identification of the candidate line by rhizome is difficult because of the relative simplicity of its morphological characteristics. To accurately identify lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, we analysed several sequences of chloroplast DNA. First, to determine the appropriate outgroup taxa in which to conduct infras-pecific analyses of C. longa, we reconstructed the molecular phylogenetic tree of C. longa and its allied species. The results showed that C. aromatica and C. zedoaria are closely related to C. longa. Next, to develop a molecular marker for identifying lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, a network analysis using chloroplast microsatellite regions was performed. Results showed that a unique haplotype within C. longa corresponds to the high curcumin content line. Therefore, the chloroplast microsatellite regions used for the analysis allowed us to determine the lines of this species with high cur- cumin content.展开更多
Background:The increasing incidence of chemically induced infertility is both a social threat and a threat to the continuation of life itself.Treatment or management therapy is often expensive.This study investigated ...Background:The increasing incidence of chemically induced infertility is both a social threat and a threat to the continuation of life itself.Treatment or management therapy is often expensive.This study investigated the effects of acetone extract of a local plant(Curcuma longa)in a Wistar rat model of cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction.Methods:Thirty‐five male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats.After a phytochemical screening of an acetone extract of C.Longa,cimetidine and the extract at three doses,200,400 and 600 mg/kg,were orally co‐administered to the rats for 28 consecutive days.Comparisons were made(at P<0.05)against a control(2 mL/kg distilled water),a standard treatment group(cimetidine+50 mg/kg vitamin C),a toxic group(60 mg/kg cimetidine)and a group receiving extract alone.Results:Cimetidine administration was associated with deleterious alterations to sperm motility,sperm count and sperm viability,as well as derangements in the plasma levels of FSH,LH and testosterone(P<0.05).Both brain and testicular GSH and TBARS levels were significantly altered following cimetidine administration,and distortions were seen in the pituitary and testicular histoarchitecture.These changes were significantly normalized by co‐administration of graded doses of the extract,with an associated improvement of both pituitary and testicular histology.Conclusion:Acetone extract of C.Longa normalized cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction in Wistar rats.This presents the extract as a potential nutraceutical choice against chemically induced reproductive toxicity.展开更多
The roots of the vegetal Curcuma due to its high content of polyphenols,has been used successfully in several clinical situations.This review assessed the effect of curcumin/Curcuma longa on symptoms and metabolic cha...The roots of the vegetal Curcuma due to its high content of polyphenols,has been used successfully in several clinical situations.This review assessed the effect of curcumin/Curcuma longa on symptoms and metabolic changes in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).A systematic review of animal models and randomized clinical trials(RCTs)was conducted by searching the following electronic databases:PubMed,CENTRAL,LILACS,Science Direct,and ClinicalTrials.gov.From 997 found records,62 were included.More than 90%of the animal studies reported an improvement in macroscopic,histologic and/or functional activity;80%identified decreased oxidative and/or inflammatory biomarkers in animals treated with curcumin.Among the RCTs,intention-to-treat analysis showed that oral curcumin was effective in inducing clinical remission(n=281,RR:3.15 CI 95%[1.22–8.10]p=0.0017;i2=72.2%,p=0.006)and clinical response(n=259,RR:1.60 CI 95%[1.09–2.35]p=0.0017;i2=59.7%,p=0.042)but not endoscopic remission(n=161,RR:2.91 CI 95%[0.58–14.58]p=0.195;i2=72.7%,p=0.026).These results confirm that oral supplementation with curcumin/Curcuma longa has beneficial actions in animal colitis and,when associated with drug therapy,is effective in the treatment of patients with IBD.展开更多
The reduced efficiency of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock, and the unavoidable residual effects on livestock products such as egg, meat and milk have pushed researchers to rush towards the use of phytobiotics...The reduced efficiency of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock, and the unavoidable residual effects on livestock products such as egg, meat and milk have pushed researchers to rush towards the use of phytobiotics in animal feed. This study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Dschang to evaluate the Effect of <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i>Cucurma longa</i></span> powder as feed additive on hemato-serological parameters in Guinea pigs. A total of 120 three weeks old Guinea pigs (60 males and 60 females), with an average weight of 150 ± 20 g were used. The animals were randomly distributed into four treatments in a completely randomized design with 30 animals per treatment (15 males and 15 females). Four experimental treatments were used by adding 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% <i>C. longa</i> in the diet corresponding to R0, R0.25%, R0.5% and R1% respectively. At the 8th week of age, 12 Guinea pigs (6 males and 6 females) per treatment were fasted for 12 hours and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood was rapidly collected from the jugular vein for the evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters. Results revealed that the inclusion of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> at 0.25% significantly (p < 0.05) increased the concentration of hematocrit, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) was observed in hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, serum lipids, globulin, AST, ALT, and urea. It was concluded that the use of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> powder at 0.25% as feed additive positively regulates blood serum parameters of Guinea pigs.展开更多
Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compliance the Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compli...Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compliance the Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compliance the market demands.Recently,increase in demand of Curcuma longa has led to a high swing in small and medium food industry.The present review is devoted to an in-depth information on metabolite database of C.longa from different analytical techniques such as high-performance thin-layer chromatography(HPTLC),liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance.This work highlights different extraction methods,phytochemistry along with structure activity relationship,nutritional profiling,market viability and pharmacology of C.longa.The bioactives of C.longa depends on various factors such as plants growth,temperature,humidity,soil type,collection,drying and extraction process.These factors can contribute in quality evaluation of the food supplements if need to be included.The introduction of omics approaches can helpful to explore the quality and identification of potential lead of C.longa.The results could play an essential role in the area of food-phyto based profiling.Further,metabolomics techniques may provide a analytical platfom by combination of different"omics"data souces for future esearch to food sand herbal based products.展开更多
Objective:To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Curcuma longa.Methods:The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectral analysis,including 1D and 2D NMR,MS,UV,and CD analysis.R...Objective:To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Curcuma longa.Methods:The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectral analysis,including 1D and 2D NMR,MS,UV,and CD analysis.Results:Two new sesquiterpene compounds(1S,2R,5R,7S,8R)-2,8-epoxy-5-hydroxybisabola-3,10-dioen-9-one(1),(1R,2R,5R,7S,8R)-2,8-epoxy-5-hydroxybisabola-3,10-dioen-9-one(2),and a new natural product 6-(4-Hydroxymethylphenyl)-2-methyl-hept-2-ene-4-one(3)together with three known compounds ar-turmerone(4),2-methyl-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methyl)-2-hepten-4-one(5)and 2-methyl-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hepten-4-one(6)were isolated from C.longa root extract with 95%ethanol.Conclusion:In the study,three new compounds were isolated from C.longa,and their absolute configurations were determined.展开更多
Metabolic syndrome(MS)involves people with the following risk factors:obesity,hypertension,high glucose level and hyperlipidemia.It can increase the risk of heart disease,stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The preval...Metabolic syndrome(MS)involves people with the following risk factors:obesity,hypertension,high glucose level and hyperlipidemia.It can increase the risk of heart disease,stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The prevalence of MS in the world’s adult population is about 20%–25%.Today,there is much care to use medicinal plants.Turmeric(Curcuma longa)as well as curcumin which is derived from the rhizome of the plant,has been shown beneficial effects on different components of MS.Thus,the purpose of this manuscript was to introduce different in vitro,in vivo and human studies regarding the effect of turmeric and its constituent on MS.Moreover,different mechanisms of action by which this plant overcomes MS have been introduced.Based on studies,turmeric and its bioactive component,curcumin,due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have antidiabetic effects through increasing insulin release,antihyperlipidemic effects by increasing fatty acid uptake,anti-obesity effects by decreasing lipogenesis,and antihypertensive effects by increasing nitric oxide.According to several in vivo,in vitro and human studies,it can be concluded that turmeric or curcumin has important values as a complementary therapy in MS.However,more clinical trials should be done to confirm these effects.展开更多
文摘Background:To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of Curcuma longa(C.longa)in breast cancer treatment.Methods:Phytocompounds of C.longa were obtained from Dr.Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database.Potential active targets were retrieved from Bindingdb,SEA and Swiss Target Prediction databases.Breast cancer targets were retrieved from the Therapeutic Target Database.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were done using DAVID and KOBAS3.0 databases respectively.The Cytoscape software was used to construct the phytocompound-target-pathway network.The PyRx and Desmond software were utilized for molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation respectively.Results:Out of one hundred and fifty-six phytocompounds,fifty-four modulated proteins involved in breast cancer.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated C.longa exerts its therapeutic effect through regulating several key pathways.Molecular docking analysis revealed that most phytocompounds of C.longa had a good affinity with the key targets.Molecular dynamics simulation showed that ethinylestradiol formed stable ligand-protein complexes.Conclusion:The results of this study will enhance our understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms by which C.longa inhibits breast cancer and lay a foundation for future experimental studies.
文摘The purpose of the current study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content and total antioxidant activity of the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts and their free radical scavenging activity. The study concluded that the Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus, and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts have a good source of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant sources in turn which opens the high possibility of the extracts being used as food preservatives. The DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals showed that the IC<sub>50</sub> value was above 123% of Curcuma longa ethanolic extract, 129.9% μg/ml of Acorus calamus ethanolic extract and 25% of Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts shows very strong inhibition of the free radicals. Thus, comparing the DPPH assay for scavenging free radicals of Curcuma longa, Acorus calamus and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts with the positive control ascorbic acid, Curcuma longa and Camellia sinensis ethanolic extracts showed strong inhibition of the free radicals.
文摘Turmeric (<em>Curcuma longa</em>) belongs to the family <em>Zingiberaceae</em> and has long been used traditionally for centuries as a spice and medicinal elixir. Hence, the present study aimed to profile the nutritional and phytomedicinal properties of the plant in order to justify its relevance in traditional phytomedicine and advocate its application in novel pharmacological products. Using standard methods (High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry), the dried rhizomes were washed, pulverized and ethanol extracts subjected to proximate, phytochemical, vitamins, amino acid and mineral determinations. Data obtained were analyzed using student’s t-test in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. Determined proximate indices indicated moisture content of 9.55%, carbohydrate (57.30%), ash (24.70%), crude fiber (1.12%), proteins (2.15%) and fat (5.32%). Mineral composition analyses showed that <em>C. longa</em> rhizomes had higher contents of calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium in parts per million (ppm) at 38.68 ± 0.114, 19.75 ± 0.001, 9.20 ± 0.002 and 7.06 ± 0.014 respectively. Amino acid profile revealed the presence of both essential and non-essential types with aspartate and glutamate in higher contents at 9.78 g/100 g and 9.65 g/100 g, respectively. Findings showed also the presence of vitamins A, C and D at 254.5 ± 2.19 mg/kg, 19.47 ± 0.16 mg/kg and 10.92 ± 0.92 mg/kg, respectively. Phytochemical analyses showed the presence of phenolic compounds with high retention times. This study thus revealed that <em>C. longa</em> possesses various nutritional and pharmacological/medicinal components in considerable quantities and can provide the body with basic nutrients for its therapeutic needs as well as secondary compounds with tremendous phytomedicinal potentials.
文摘Ginger and turmeric are two plants of the Zingiberaceaes family. They are used as spices and in the treatment of many diseases. Despite their importance, data on their knowledge and their uses are scarce. The objective of this work was to assess the knowledge and different uses of ginger and turmeric. <span>A survey was carried out among saleswomen and consumers. The survey </span><span>reveals that 100% of those surveyed knew about ginger, but fewer people (1</span>7.5%) knew about turmeric. The survey identified that ginger tastes more <span>pungent (82.65%) than bitter (17.35%), whilst turmeric’s taste is bitterer (5</span>3.47%) rather <span>than pungent (46.53%). Consumption differed between the two rhizomes, wi</span>th ginger consumed fresh (90.22%) and turmeric dry (84.25%). Differences were also noted in their medicinal (40.66% for ginger and 32.15% for turmeric), nutritional (50.82% for ginger and 11.65% for turmeric) and cosmetic (8.63% properties for ginger and 56.2% for turmeric) uses. The vernacular names of the two rhizomes varied from one ethnic group to another.
文摘The aim of this work is to assess soil types’ effect on the growth and production of <em>Curcuma longa</em> rhizomes. The Rhizome of <em>Curcuma longa</em> was grown in a greenhouse in pots for seven months on different soil types. Physico-chemical analyses of the different soils were carried out. Collar diameter, the height of the plants, and yield of rhizome were measured. Total microbial density, number of spores, and root colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from these soils were assessed. Results show that soils are sandy clay loam, clay sandy, clay, acidic (pH 4.16 to 6.62), and have a C/N ratio from 6.10 to 19.83. Nitrogen (N) is between 0.49 to 2.41 g/kg, available phosphorus (P) between 2 to 16 ppm, Organic matter (OM) from 14.6 to 51.4 g/kg. Total microbial density is between 2 to 16 × 10<sup>6</sup> Cell/mm<sup>3</sup>, number of AMF spores <em>in situ</em> between 4 to 67 spores/g of soil. The frequency of root colonization is between 47% to 78%. The average growth and rhizome production are between 5 to 15 g/plant. All the results obtained show that the soils with clay to sandy clayey loam texture, medium acidity (pH 5.5 - 6.6), low C content (7.3 - 9.6 g/kg), low N content (0.49 - 1.13 g/kg), good C/N ratio (<14), low to medium AMF sporulation (28 - 41 spores/g) and AMF root colonization between 55% to 78% are the most suitable for the cultivation and rhizome production of <em>C</em><em>urcuma longa</em> in Cameroon.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and immunotherapeutic effects of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome in CCl_4 intoxicated Swiss albino mice.Methods:first group of mice(n=5) received CCl_4 treatment at a dose of 0.5 mL/kg bw(i.p.) for 7 days.Second group was fed orally the aqueous extract of turmeric at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw for IS days.The third group was given both the turmeric extract(for 15 days,orally) and CCl_4(for last 7 days,i.p.).The fourth group was kept as a control.To study the liver function,the transaminase enzymes(SGOT and SGPT) and bilirubin level were measured in the serum of respective groups.For assaying the immunotherapeutic action of Curcuma longa(C.longa),non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis,nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages were studied from the respective groups.Results:The result of present study suggested that CCl_4 administration increased the level of SCOT and SGPT and bilirubin level in serum.However,the aqueous extract of turmeric reduced the level of SGOT, SCFT and bilirubin in CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Apart from damaging the liver system,CCl_4 also reduced non specific host response parameters like morphological alteration,phagocytosis, nitric oxide release,myeloperoxidase release and intracellular killing capacity of peritoneal macrophages.Administration of aqueous extract of C.longa offered significant protection from these damaging actions of CCl_4 on the non specific host response in the peritoneal macrophages of CCl_4 intoxicated mice.Conclusions:In conclusion,the present study suggests that C.longa has immunotherapeutic properties along with its ability to ameliorate hepatotoxicity.
基金supported by the National Scientific Foundation of China (Grant nos.21375101,90817103,and 30973672)Doctroral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (No.20110141110024)Innovation Seed Fund and Translational Medical Research Fund of Wuhan University School of Medicine
文摘A novel method for analysis of three active components curcumin,demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in Curcuma longa L.was developed by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection.Three curcuminoids were well separated on a C_(18) column and detected with high sensitivity.A mobile phase containing acetonilrile and 10 mM Na_2HPO_4-H_3PO_4(pH 5.0)(50:50.v/v) was used.Good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.208-41.6,0.197-39.4,and 0.227-114 μM for curcumin.demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin respectively.The limit of detection reached up to 10^(-8) M.which was lower than that by UV detection.The relative standard deviations(RSDs) ranged from 1.06% to 1.88% for intra-day precision and from 4.30% to 5.79% for inter-day precision,respectively.The proposed method has been applied in real herb sample and recoveries ranging from 86.3% to 111% were obtained.
文摘Aim:To study the contraceptive effect of the crude extracts of Curcuma longa in male albino rats.Methods:Rats were fed orally with Curcuma longa aqueous and 70% alcoholic extract for 60 days (500 mg·kg^-1·day^-1).Results:A reduction in sperm motility and density was observed in both the treated groups.Conclusion:Curcuma longa may have affected the androgen synthesis either by inhibiting the Leydig cell function or the hypothalamus pituitary axis and as a result,spermatogenesis is arrested.(Asian J Androl 2004 Mar;6:71-74)
基金financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81102900)
文摘A support vector regression based on the mean impact value (MIV) model was constructed to identify the bioactive compounds inhibiting proliferation of He La cells in a combination of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)and liquorice (Glycyrrhiza) extracts.The quantitative chemical fingerprint from 50 batches of turmeric and liquorice extracts was established using high performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to an ultraviolet visible detector.Qualitative results were obtained using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry.A total of 46 peaks (peaks 1–15 from turmeric and 16–46 from liquorice) were selected as "common peaks" for analysis.The inhibitory effect of the combined extracts on He La cells was measured by MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay.It was found that 15 compounds (peaks:8,12,30,24,46,11,14,9,3,1,44,18,7,45 and 43)possessing high absolute MIV exhibited a significant correlation with the cytotoxicity against He La cells; most of these have already been confirmed with potential cytotoxicity in previous research.The important potential application of the present model can be extended to help discover active compounds from complex herbal medicine prior to traditional bioassay-guided separation.It is considered that this could be a useful tool for redeveloping herbal medicine based on the use of these active compounds.
文摘Endophytes (both fungi and bacteria) represent a treasure house for bioactive compounds such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, insecticidal etc. for use in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Endophytic population is greatly influenced by climatic conditions and location where the host plant grows. Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric) is a medicinal plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family that is usually used as spice and preservative. Traditionally it is used to treat various conditions and symptoms such as digestive disorders, arthritis, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, bacterial infections etc. In recent times, there have been different discoveries on endophytic fungi and their biological activity from C. longa. But there is no comprehensive review on endophytic fungi of C. longa. The aim of this review is to analyze the published report based on the endophytic fungi to provide for the first time an updated information about their isolation from different tissues, their biological activities including the phytochemistry of C. longa. This will lead the way to forecast the missing link for future research work.
基金supported by grants from the VIEP-BUAP grant(No.FLAG-2017)ProDES(CA-BUAP-120)CONACYT grant(No.252808)to GF
文摘Turmeric or Curcuma is a natural product that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic pharmacological properties. It can be used in the control of the aging process that involves oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Aging is a physiological process that affects higher cortical and cognitive functions with a reduction in learning and memory, limited judgment and deficits in emotional control and social behavior. Moreover, aging is a major risk factor for the appearance of several disorders such as cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. At the brain level, the aging process alters the synaptic intercommunication by a reduction in the dendritic arbor as well as the number of the dendritic spine in the pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and basolateral amygdala, consequently reducing the size of these regions. The present review discusses the synaptic changes caused by the aging process and the neuroprotective role the Curcuma has through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions.
文摘Curcumin, which is traditionally known to have effects on various types of diseases in humans, is found in Curcuma longa L. Previous reports have indicated that the curcumin content varies between the different lines of this species. To clarify the differences in the amounts of curcumin between the lines, we investigated the outcomes of cultivation ex-periments with the hybridization or introgression between C. longa and other Curcuma species using the matK gene of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) and the external transcribed spacer (ETS) of nuclear DNA (nrDNA). The results show that there is heterogeneity of the ETS and incongruence between the matK and the ETS phylogenetic trees, suggesting that hybridization and introgression had taken place in the diversification of the various lines of C. longa. Moreover, al-though all of the lines had the same cpDNA haplotype of C. longa, the lines of homogeneous C. longa had a high con-tent of curcumin, whereas the lines created by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species had a me-dium or low level. These results suggest that the difference of curcumin content among the various lines of C. longa was caused by hybridization and introgression with other Curcuma species.
文摘We studied on the effect of Curcuma longa extract on spatial learning-related memory ability of old rats in eight-arm radial maze task. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: one group was orally administered 100 mg/KgBW/day C. longa extract (CLE) dissolved in deionized water and the other group was administered the vehicle alone for 10 weeks. The rats were tested with the partially baited eight-arm radial maze to evaluate two types of spatial memory-related learning ability displayed by reference memory errors (RMEs) and working memory errors (WMEs). Chronic administration of CLE significantly decreased the number of RMEs and WMEs, concurrently with the decreases in the cortico-hippocampal levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In a parallel set of experiments, CLE-pretreated rats of the same age group were subjected to hypoxia-reperfusion injury by carotid artery occlusion to induce oxidative stress in the brains in order to examine whether such an in vivo hypoxia-induced oxidative stress could be ameliorated by the extract. Again, the levels of LPO were significantly decreased in the cortico-hippocampal tissues of the CLE-fed hypoxic rats. The histology of the brains also revealed that the CLE-pretreated rats had retained improved cellular integrity. Finally, our results provide the evidence that oral administration of C. longa extract increases the defense against oxidative stress and proinflammatory TNF-α, concurrently with the improvement of memory-related brain cognitive ability of the aged rats.
文摘Dried and fresh rhizomes of the spice turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) are well known in traditional medicine, and curcu- min is widely used in various geographic regions. Although there are differences in the amount of curcumin within this species, identification of the candidate line by rhizome is difficult because of the relative simplicity of its morphological characteristics. To accurately identify lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, we analysed several sequences of chloroplast DNA. First, to determine the appropriate outgroup taxa in which to conduct infras-pecific analyses of C. longa, we reconstructed the molecular phylogenetic tree of C. longa and its allied species. The results showed that C. aromatica and C. zedoaria are closely related to C. longa. Next, to develop a molecular marker for identifying lines of C. longa with a high content of curcumin, a network analysis using chloroplast microsatellite regions was performed. Results showed that a unique haplotype within C. longa corresponds to the high curcumin content line. Therefore, the chloroplast microsatellite regions used for the analysis allowed us to determine the lines of this species with high cur- cumin content.
文摘Background:The increasing incidence of chemically induced infertility is both a social threat and a threat to the continuation of life itself.Treatment or management therapy is often expensive.This study investigated the effects of acetone extract of a local plant(Curcuma longa)in a Wistar rat model of cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction.Methods:Thirty‐five male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats.After a phytochemical screening of an acetone extract of C.Longa,cimetidine and the extract at three doses,200,400 and 600 mg/kg,were orally co‐administered to the rats for 28 consecutive days.Comparisons were made(at P<0.05)against a control(2 mL/kg distilled water),a standard treatment group(cimetidine+50 mg/kg vitamin C),a toxic group(60 mg/kg cimetidine)and a group receiving extract alone.Results:Cimetidine administration was associated with deleterious alterations to sperm motility,sperm count and sperm viability,as well as derangements in the plasma levels of FSH,LH and testosterone(P<0.05).Both brain and testicular GSH and TBARS levels were significantly altered following cimetidine administration,and distortions were seen in the pituitary and testicular histoarchitecture.These changes were significantly normalized by co‐administration of graded doses of the extract,with an associated improvement of both pituitary and testicular histology.Conclusion:Acetone extract of C.Longa normalized cimetidine‐induced pituitarytesticular dysfunction in Wistar rats.This presents the extract as a potential nutraceutical choice against chemically induced reproductive toxicity.
基金This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq–Brazil)[Grant No.435704/2018-4]Fundacao de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de Alagoas(FAPEAL)/PPSUS/Ministério da Saúde(MS)[Grant No.60030-000876/2016].
文摘The roots of the vegetal Curcuma due to its high content of polyphenols,has been used successfully in several clinical situations.This review assessed the effect of curcumin/Curcuma longa on symptoms and metabolic changes in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).A systematic review of animal models and randomized clinical trials(RCTs)was conducted by searching the following electronic databases:PubMed,CENTRAL,LILACS,Science Direct,and ClinicalTrials.gov.From 997 found records,62 were included.More than 90%of the animal studies reported an improvement in macroscopic,histologic and/or functional activity;80%identified decreased oxidative and/or inflammatory biomarkers in animals treated with curcumin.Among the RCTs,intention-to-treat analysis showed that oral curcumin was effective in inducing clinical remission(n=281,RR:3.15 CI 95%[1.22–8.10]p=0.0017;i2=72.2%,p=0.006)and clinical response(n=259,RR:1.60 CI 95%[1.09–2.35]p=0.0017;i2=59.7%,p=0.042)but not endoscopic remission(n=161,RR:2.91 CI 95%[0.58–14.58]p=0.195;i2=72.7%,p=0.026).These results confirm that oral supplementation with curcumin/Curcuma longa has beneficial actions in animal colitis and,when associated with drug therapy,is effective in the treatment of patients with IBD.
文摘The reduced efficiency of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock, and the unavoidable residual effects on livestock products such as egg, meat and milk have pushed researchers to rush towards the use of phytobiotics in animal feed. This study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Dschang to evaluate the Effect of <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><i>Cucurma longa</i></span> powder as feed additive on hemato-serological parameters in Guinea pigs. A total of 120 three weeks old Guinea pigs (60 males and 60 females), with an average weight of 150 ± 20 g were used. The animals were randomly distributed into four treatments in a completely randomized design with 30 animals per treatment (15 males and 15 females). Four experimental treatments were used by adding 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% <i>C. longa</i> in the diet corresponding to R0, R0.25%, R0.5% and R1% respectively. At the 8th week of age, 12 Guinea pigs (6 males and 6 females) per treatment were fasted for 12 hours and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood was rapidly collected from the jugular vein for the evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters. Results revealed that the inclusion of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> at 0.25% significantly (p < 0.05) increased the concentration of hematocrit, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes and platelets. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) was observed in hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, serum lipids, globulin, AST, ALT, and urea. It was concluded that the use of <span style="white-space:normal;"><i></span>Curcuma longa<span style="white-space:normal;"></i></span> powder at 0.25% as feed additive positively regulates blood serum parameters of Guinea pigs.
文摘Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compliance the Sophisticated analytical instruments are used for quality evaluation and scientific validation to compliance the market demands.Recently,increase in demand of Curcuma longa has led to a high swing in small and medium food industry.The present review is devoted to an in-depth information on metabolite database of C.longa from different analytical techniques such as high-performance thin-layer chromatography(HPTLC),liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance.This work highlights different extraction methods,phytochemistry along with structure activity relationship,nutritional profiling,market viability and pharmacology of C.longa.The bioactives of C.longa depends on various factors such as plants growth,temperature,humidity,soil type,collection,drying and extraction process.These factors can contribute in quality evaluation of the food supplements if need to be included.The introduction of omics approaches can helpful to explore the quality and identification of potential lead of C.longa.The results could play an essential role in the area of food-phyto based profiling.Further,metabolomics techniques may provide a analytical platfom by combination of different"omics"data souces for future esearch to food sand herbal based products.
基金Sub-project of National Basic Science Talent Training Fund(No.J1103606)。
文摘Objective:To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Curcuma longa.Methods:The structures of the compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectral analysis,including 1D and 2D NMR,MS,UV,and CD analysis.Results:Two new sesquiterpene compounds(1S,2R,5R,7S,8R)-2,8-epoxy-5-hydroxybisabola-3,10-dioen-9-one(1),(1R,2R,5R,7S,8R)-2,8-epoxy-5-hydroxybisabola-3,10-dioen-9-one(2),and a new natural product 6-(4-Hydroxymethylphenyl)-2-methyl-hept-2-ene-4-one(3)together with three known compounds ar-turmerone(4),2-methyl-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl-3-methyl)-2-hepten-4-one(5)and 2-methyl-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-hepten-4-one(6)were isolated from C.longa root extract with 95%ethanol.Conclusion:In the study,three new compounds were isolated from C.longa,and their absolute configurations were determined.
文摘Metabolic syndrome(MS)involves people with the following risk factors:obesity,hypertension,high glucose level and hyperlipidemia.It can increase the risk of heart disease,stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.The prevalence of MS in the world’s adult population is about 20%–25%.Today,there is much care to use medicinal plants.Turmeric(Curcuma longa)as well as curcumin which is derived from the rhizome of the plant,has been shown beneficial effects on different components of MS.Thus,the purpose of this manuscript was to introduce different in vitro,in vivo and human studies regarding the effect of turmeric and its constituent on MS.Moreover,different mechanisms of action by which this plant overcomes MS have been introduced.Based on studies,turmeric and its bioactive component,curcumin,due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have antidiabetic effects through increasing insulin release,antihyperlipidemic effects by increasing fatty acid uptake,anti-obesity effects by decreasing lipogenesis,and antihypertensive effects by increasing nitric oxide.According to several in vivo,in vitro and human studies,it can be concluded that turmeric or curcumin has important values as a complementary therapy in MS.However,more clinical trials should be done to confirm these effects.
